Swirler, mixer, combustion chamber and fuel atomization method

Abstract

The present application provides a vortex device, a mixer, a combustion chamber and a fuel atomization method. The vortex device is used in cooperation with a nozzle and comprises an inlet section surrounding the nozzle, a plurality of blow holes arranged at the cooperation position of the inlet section and the nozzle in a circumferential direction and penetrating through the axial dimension of the inlet section, the center line of the blow hole being inclined relative to the center line of the vortex device so that the airflow passing through the blow hole forms an axial rotational flow, a middle section comprising a rotational flow structure to make the airflow passing through the rotational flow structure form a radial rotational flow, and an outlet section. The inlet section communicates with the middle section and the outlet section through the middle section, the axial rotational flow and the radial rotational flow converge in the middle section, and the vortex device discharges through the outlet section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine technology, and more particularly to vortex generators, mixers, combustion chambers, and fuel atomization methods. Background Technology

[0002] The combustion chamber of an aircraft engine is the area where combustion takes place. Compressed air from the compressor enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the combustion gases injected from the fuel nozzles, producing high-temperature combustion gases that drive the turbine to do work and generate thrust. The combustion chamber head typically includes fuel nozzles and a vortex generator. The fuel nozzles inject fuel into the combustion chamber to atomize, mix, and burn with the compressed air. The vortex generator rotates the flowing compressed air, creating a recirculation zone that drives the fuel injected from the fuel nozzles to rotate, accelerating the mixing of fuel and compressed air, improving fuel atomization, and contributing to a stable combustion flame. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an eddy current generator.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a mixer.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel atomization method.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a vortex generator is used in conjunction with a nozzle. The vortex generator is annular and has an axial centerline, comprising: an inlet section for surrounding the nozzle, including a plurality of purge holes arranged circumferentially at the junction of the inlet section and the nozzle and extending through the axial dimension of the inlet section; the centerline of the purge holes is inclined relative to the centerline of the vortex generator so that the airflow passing through the purge holes forms an axial vortex; an intermediate section including a vortex structure so that the airflow passing through the vortex structure forms a radial vortex; and an outlet section; wherein the inlet section communicates with the outlet section through the intermediate section, the axial vortex and the radial vortex converge in the intermediate section, and flow out of the vortex generator through the outlet section.

[0008] The technical solution of this application provides a purge hole at the junction of the nozzle and the vortex generator. This allows the airflow passing through the purge hole to carry away fuel deposits accumulated on both the nozzle orifice and the inner wall of the vortex generator, effectively preventing carbon buildup on the inner wall of the vortex generator, reducing engine maintenance frequency, and saving costs. Simultaneously, the angle between the centerline of the purge hole and the centerline of the vortex generator creates a swirling effect, ensuring thorough mixing of fuel and air, enhancing fuel atomization and diffusion combustion, which improves engine ignition performance, increases combustion efficiency, and reduces emissions.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the vortex generator, the inlet section, the intermediate section, and the outlet section are integrally formed.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the vortex generator, the outlet section includes a throat located at the point of minimum inner diameter of the outlet section; the radius of the purge orifice is r, the distance from the centerline of the purge orifice to the centerline of the vortex generator is R1, the radius of the throat is R2, and the radius R2 of the throat must satisfy R1-r. <R2<R1+r。

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the vortex generator, the swirling structure includes a plurality of swirling channels arranged circumferentially in the intermediate section and extending through the radial dimension of the intermediate section. The extending direction of the swirling channels through the intermediate section is inclined relative to the radial direction of the intermediate section. The axial cross-section of the swirling channels is square, with an axial dimension of H and a radial dimension of L. <H / L<10。

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the vortex generator, the angle between the extension direction of the vortex channel through the intermediate section and the radial direction of the intermediate section is 30° to 80°.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the vortex generator, the angle between the centerline of the purge hole and the centerline of the vortex generator is 20° to 60°.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the vortex generator, the purge port includes an upstream end and a downstream end, the upstream end being located in the inlet section and the downstream end being located in the middle section and communicating with the vortex structure.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the eddy current generator, the radius r of the purge orifice is 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a mixer for a combustion chamber includes a nozzle and a vortex generator as described above. The vortex generator includes an inlet section, a middle section, and an outlet section. The inlet section surrounds the nozzle. The purge orifice of the vortex generator forms a first swirling flow path. The swirling structure of the vortex generator forms a second swirling flow path. The first swirling flow path and the second swirling flow path converge on the inner surface of the middle section to form a third swirling flow path. The third swirling flow path drives the fuel flow path injected by the nozzle to rotate and mix together, flowing out from the inner surface of the outlet section.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a combustion chamber includes an inner and outer ring of a flame tube, a head transition section assembly, and a mixer as described above. The mixer is installed on the upstream side of the receiving space formed by the inner and outer rings of the flame tube via the head transition section assembly. Air enters the vortex generator of the mixer from the upstream side to generate a swirling flow. The swirling flow mixes with fuel injected by the nozzle of the mixer in the vortex generator and is discharged from the downstream side of the mixer into the receiving space formed by the inner and outer rings of the flame tube for combustion.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a fuel atomization method includes: air being rotated into a first swirl by a first swirl structure, the air being rotated into a second swirl by a second swirl structure, the second swirl structure being located downstream of the first swirl structure, the first swirl flowing in an axial direction, the second swirl flowing in a radial direction, the first swirl and the second swirl converging at the inner surface of the second swirl structure to form a third swirl, and fuel passing through a channel defined by the first swirl structure and the second swirl structure being driven to rotate and mix by the third swirl. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and other features, properties, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the same reference numerals always denote the same features. It should be noted that these drawings are merely illustrative and are not drawn to scale, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection actually claimed by the present invention, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the radial side of a combustion chamber according to one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an eddy current generator according to one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 As an example Figure 2 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the vortex generator at section AA.

[0023] Figure 4 As an example Figure 2 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the BB section of the vortex generator.

[0024] Figure 5 As an example Figure 2 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the CC section of the vortex generator.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 1000 - Combustion chamber, 100 - Swirler, 200 - Nozzle, 300 - Mixer;

[0027] 1-Inlet section, 11-Purge hole, 111-Upstream end, 112-Downstream end;

[0028] 2-Exit section, 20-Inner surface, 21-Throat, 22-Outer surface;

[0029] 3-Intermediate section, 30-Inner surface, 301-Swirl structure, 31-Swirl channel;

[0030] 4-Inner and outer rings of the flame tube; 40-Accommodation space;

[0031] 5-Head adapter assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings and described below. Although the invention will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that this specification is not intended to limit the invention to those exemplary embodiments. Rather, the invention is intended to cover not only these exemplary embodiments, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and other embodiments that may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0033] In the following description, the terms "upstream," "downstream," "axial," "radial," "inner," "outer," or other directional terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. It is worth noting that "axial" and "radial" refer to the axial and radial directions of the vortex generator, not the axial and radial directions of the combustion chamber. "Upstream" and "downstream" are distinguished by the direction of airflow, for example, air flows from upstream to downstream.

[0034] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe its embodiments. For example, "an embodiment" and / or "one embodiment" refers to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application can be appropriately combined.

[0035] Currently, with increasingly stringent requirements for combustion chamber performance and pollution emissions, there is a need to further improve the structure of the vortex generator.

[0036] Through in-depth research, the inventors of this application discovered that some fuel injectors, such as dual-line dual-nozzle fuel injectors, have poor fuel atomization ability under specified fuel supply pressure conditions, resulting in poor diffusion combustion performance. This significantly affects the engine's ignition performance, combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber, and pollution emissions. At the same time, the mixing effect of fuel and air is also poor when the swirl converter is used in conjunction with the fuel injector. Fuel accumulates in the nozzle orifice and the inner wall of the swirl converter, causing frequent carbon deposits at the fuel injector outlet and the inner wall of the swirl converter, increasing the frequency of engine maintenance.

[0037] Based on the above considerations, the inventors, after in-depth research, designed a vortex generator. By setting a purge hole at the junction of the nozzle and the vortex generator, the airflow passing through the purge hole can carry away fuel accumulated at both the nozzle orifice and the inner wall of the vortex generator, effectively preventing carbon buildup on the inner wall of the vortex generator, reducing engine maintenance frequency, and saving costs. Simultaneously, the angle between the centerline of the purge hole and the centerline of the vortex generator gives the purge hole a swirling effect, ensuring thorough mixing of fuel and air, enhancing fuel atomization and diffusion combustion, which is beneficial for improving engine ignition performance, increasing combustion efficiency, and reducing pollution emissions.

[0038] Furthermore, the vortex generator is a single, integrated structure, with the purge orifice and swirl structure housed in a single component. Compared to comparative designs where these are separated into multiple components, this design allows the vortex generator to remain coaxial with the nozzle during operation. The purge orifice and swirl structure can float simultaneously with the nozzle, ensuring high circumferential uniformity of the airflow and promoting stable combustion. Additionally, the integrated design and manufacturing of the purge orifice and swirl structure prevents deformation compared to other connection methods such as welding, further contributing to the formation of a stable and uniform swirl.

[0039] Although the vortex generator disclosed in the embodiments of this application is applicable to aero engines, it is not limited thereto. As long as the engine can achieve the effect of reducing carbon deposits and improving ignition performance and combustion efficiency, the vortex generator disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be applied.

[0040] refer to Figures 1 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the vortex generator 100 used to cooperate with the nozzle 200 may be annular with an axial centerline z, including an inlet section 1, an outlet section 2, and an intermediate section 3. The inlet section 1 surrounds the nozzle 200 and includes a plurality of purge holes 11. The plurality of purge holes 11 are arranged circumferentially at the mating point between the inlet section 1 and the nozzle 200 and extend through the axial dimension of the inlet section 1. The centerline y of the purge holes 11 is inclined relative to the centerline z of the vortex generator 100, so that the airflow passing through the purge holes 11 forms an axial vortex. The intermediate section 3 includes a vortex structure 301, so that the airflow passing through the vortex structure 301 forms a radial vortex. The inlet section 1 is connected to the outlet section 2 through the intermediate section 3. The axial vortex and the radial vortex converge in the intermediate section 3 and flow out of the vortex generator 100 through the outlet section 2.

[0041] The term "inlet section 1" here refers to the structure that guides air into the interior of the vortex generator. Its shape can be cylindrical or, for example... Figure 3 As shown, the diameter of the flared inlet section 1 gradually decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side. Preferably, in some embodiments, the extension direction of the inlet section 1 is at an angle of 40° to 70° with the axial direction, which can achieve a better flow guiding effect.

[0042] Here, "purge hole 11" refers to a hole structure that directs the airflow axially, effectively removing fuel residue trapped inside the vortex generator. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the purge holes 11 are evenly distributed circumferentially, so that the airflow is evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0043] The term "axial swirling flow" here refers to the airflow rotating while flowing in a general direction from the upstream side to the downstream side of the axial direction.

[0044] The term "intermediate section 3" here refers to the structure that carries the main swirling structure of the vortex generator, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the middle section 3 is cylindrical.

[0045] The "swirling structure 301" here refers to a structure that transforms the air entering the vortex into a rotating airflow. As the main swirling structure of the vortex, the amount of air passing through the swirling structure 301 is greater than the amount of air passing through the purge hole 11, which is an auxiliary swirling structure.

[0046] The term "radial swirl" here refers to the airflow rotating as it flows in a general direction from the radially outer side to the radially inner side.

[0047] The term "outlet section 2" here refers to the structure that guides fuel and rotating airflow out of the vortex generator, located on the downstream side of the vortex generator.

[0048] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows. By providing purge holes at the mating part of the nozzle and the swirler, the airflow passing through the purge holes can not only carry away the fuel remaining at the nozzle outlet but also carry away the fuel accumulated on the inner wall of the swirler, effectively preventing carbon deposition on the inner wall of the swirler, reducing the number of engine repairs, and saving costs. At the same time, the center line of the purge hole has an angular deviation from the center line of the swirler, which makes the purge hole also have a swirling effect, enabling the fuel and air to be fully mixed, enhancing the pneumatic atomization and diffusion combustion of the fuel, facilitating the improvement of the engine ignition performance, increasing the combustion efficiency, and reducing pollutant emissions.

[0049] Refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the swirler 100 may be such that the inlet section 1, the middle section 3, and the outlet section 2 are integrally provided. The beneficial effect of such a setting is that the swirler is an integral structure, and the purge holes and the swirling structure are provided on one part. Compared with the comparative solution where they are provided on multiple parts, it is beneficial for the swirler and the nozzle to remain coaxial during the working floating process. The purge holes and the swirling structure can float with the nozzle simultaneously, ensuring a high circumferential uniformity of the airflow and facilitating stable combustion. At the same time, the integrated design and manufacturing of the connection between the purge holes and the swirling structure will not deform compared with other connection methods such as welding, which is also beneficial for forming a stable and uniform swirl.

[0050] Continue to refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the outlet section 2 may be that it includes a throat 21, and the throat 21 is located at the position where the diameter of the inner surface 20 of the outlet section 2 is the smallest. The radius of the purge hole 11 is r, the distance from the center line y of the purge hole 11 to the center line z of the swirler 100 is R1, and the radius of the throat 21 is R2. The radius R2 of the throat 21 needs to satisfy R1 - r < R2 < R1 + r. Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the outer surface 22 of the outlet section 2 is cylindrical, the diameter of the inner surface 20 decreases first and then increases from the upstream side to the downstream side, the position with the smallest diameter in the entire inner surface 20 is the throat 21, the throat 21 is approximately located at the axial middle position of the inner surface 20, the flow area inside the outlet section 2 changes from large to small and then to large, and a low-pressure area is formed near the downstream outlet of the outlet section 2, which has an adsorption effect on the airflow and accelerates the airflow passing through. The meaning of "R1 - r < R2 < R1 + r" here is that the positions of the purge hole and the throat are approximately flush in the radial direction. The beneficial effect of such a setting is that the throat is the position on the inner wall of the swirler where carbon deposition is most likely to occur. The positions of the purge hole and the throat are approximately flush in the radial direction, which can ensure that the airflow blown out from the purge hole can directly blow towards the throat at high speed without obstruction, effectively blowing away the accumulated fuel in the throat and preventing carbon deposition. Preferably, in some embodiments, R1 = R2, making the position of the throat in the radial direction flush with the center line of the purge hole, achieving the best purge effect on the accumulated fuel in the throat.

[0051] Refer to Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the swirl structure 301 may be including a plurality of swirl grooves 31. The plurality of swirl grooves 31 are arranged circumferentially in the middle section 3 and penetrate the radial dimension of the middle section 3. The extending direction of the swirl groove 31 penetrating the middle section 3 is inclined relative to the radial direction of the middle section 3. The axial section of the swirl groove 31 is square, with an axial dimension of H and a radial dimension of L, and 2 < H / L < 10. The beneficial effect of such a setting is that the amount of swirl generated when entering the vortex device through the swirl groove can not only enable the fuel to be atomized well for diffusion combustion, but also prevent the excessive amount of swirl from affecting the purging swirl of the purging hole on the purging effect of the fuel accumulated inside the vortex device.

[0052] Preferably, in some embodiments, 3 < H / L < 6, so as to achieve a better swirl effect and purging effect.

[0053] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the swirl groove 31 may be that the included angle β between the extending direction of the swirl groove 31 penetrating the middle section 3 and the radial direction of the middle section 3 is 30° to 80°. Specifically, as Figure 5 shown in a radial section of the swirl groove 31, the extending direction of the swirl groove 31 penetrating the middle section 3 intersects the inner surface 30 of the middle section 3 at a point A, and the included angle β between the extending direction of the swirl groove 31 penetrating the middle section 3 and the diameter of the swirl groove 31 passing through point A is 30° to 80°. The beneficial effect of such a setting is that the air passing through the swirl groove 31 is rotated into a swirl, which带动 the fuel ejected from the nozzle to rotate together, resulting in good mixing effect of the fuel and air and promoting the diffusion combustion of the fuel. Preferably, in some embodiments, 50° < β < 70°, so as to obtain a swirl rotation angle with a better mixing effect with the fuel.

[0054] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the purging hole 11 may be that the included angle α between the center line y of the purging hole 11 and the center line z of the vortex device 100 is 20° to 60°. The beneficial effect of such a setting is that not only can the air passing through the purging hole be rotated into a swirl, enabling the purging hole to have the purging function of blowing off the fuel on the inner wall surface of the vortex device and at the same time having the swirl function of strengthening the starting atomization and diffusion combustion of the fuel, Furthermore, the rotation of the swirling flow generated by the purging orifice and the swirling flow generated by the rotating groove... Same direction , obtaining a stable rotating flow field and promoting stable combustion.

[0055] In some embodiments, the magnitudes of the included angle α and the included angle β are correlated with each other. For example, when 50° < β < 60°, α needs to satisfy 40° < α < 50°, that is, β is designed within an angle range, and α correspondingly adopts a corresponding angle range. The beneficial effect of such a setting is that the swirl generated by the purging hole and the swirl generated by the rotating groove are almost the same in the rotating direction, obtaining a more stable rotating flow field.

[0056] refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the purge orifice 11 may have a specific structure including an upstream end 111 and a downstream end 112. The upstream end 111 is located in the inlet section 1, and the downstream end 112 is located in the middle section 3, communicating with the swirl structure 301. The beneficial effect of this arrangement is that the airflow through the purge orifice and the airflow through the swirl structure converge at the inner surface of the middle section, causing the swirl generated by the purge orifice to superimpose with the swirl generated by the swirl structure. This enhances the aerodynamic atomization and mixing effect of the fuel, promoting complete combustion, improving combustion efficiency, and reducing pollution emissions.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the purge hole 11 may have a radius r of 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm. The advantage of this configuration is that the airflow passing through the purge hole can have a higher velocity to carry away the fuel retained on the inner wall area of ​​the vortex generator.

[0058] refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the mixer 300 for the combustion chamber 1000 may specifically include a nozzle 200 and a vortex generator 100 as described above. The vortex generator 100 includes an inlet section 1, a middle section 3, and an outlet section 2. The inlet section 1 surrounds the nozzle 200. The purge hole 11 of the vortex generator 100 forms a first swirling flow path G1, and the swirling structure 301 of the vortex generator 100 forms a second swirling flow path G2. The first swirling flow path G1 and the second swirling flow path G2 converge at the inner surface 30 of the middle section 3 to form a third swirling flow path G3. The third swirling flow path G3 drives the fuel flow path injected by the nozzle 200 to rotate and mix together, flowing out along the inner surface 20 of the outlet section 2. The beneficial effect of this arrangement is that the airflow is blown from the purge hole along the first swirling flow path onto the inner surface of the outlet section, especially the throat, blowing away accumulated fuel, improving the carbon deposit problem on the inner wall of the vortex generator, and reducing maintenance costs. Meanwhile, the first and second swirl flow paths rotate in the same direction, forming a stable flow field that promotes stable combustion. The superposition of the two causes the fuel sprayed from the nozzle to rotate, enhancing fuel atomization and mixing with air, which is conducive to complete fuel combustion, improving combustion efficiency and reducing pollution emissions.

[0059] refer to Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the combustion chamber 1000 may specifically include an inner and outer ring 4 of the flame tube, a head transition section assembly 5, and a mixer 300 as described above. The mixer 300 is installed on the upstream side of the receiving space 40 formed by the inner and outer rings 4 of the flame tube via the head transition section assembly 5. Air enters the vortex generator 100 of the mixer 300 from the upstream side, generating a swirling flow. The swirling flow mixes with the fuel injected by the nozzle 200 of the mixer 300 within the vortex generator 100, and is discharged from the downstream side of the mixer 300 into the receiving space 40 formed by the inner and outer rings 4 of the flame tube for combustion. The beneficial effects of this arrangement are that it can prevent carbon deposits from forming on the inner wall of the vortex generator, reducing maintenance costs, and can also enhance the aerodynamic atomization of fuel and the mixing effect with air, improve ignition performance, increase combustion efficiency, and reduce pollution emissions.

[0060] In one embodiment, the specific steps of the fuel atomization method may include: air being rotated into a first swirl by a first swirl structure, air being rotated into a second swirl by a second swirl structure, the second swirl structure being located downstream of the first swirl structure, the first swirl flowing axially, the second swirl flowing radially, the first swirl and the second swirl converging on the inner surface of the second swirl structure to form a third swirl, and fuel passing through the channel defined by the first and second swirl structures, being driven to rotate and mix by the third swirl. Continuing from the above, as... Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the purge hole 11 forms the first swirling flow path G1, and the swirling structure 301 forms the second swirling flow path G2. The first swirling flow path G1 and the second swirling flow path G2 converge at the inner surface 30 of the intermediate section 3 to form the third swirling flow path G3. The third swirling flow path G3 drives the fuel injected by the nozzle 200 to rotate and mix together, flowing out along the inner surface 20 of the outlet section 2. The beneficial effect of this arrangement is that it enhances the fuel atomization during startup and the mixing effect with air, while preventing fuel accumulation and carbon deposits on the inner surface of the structure, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0061] In summary, the beneficial effects of the vortex generator, mixer, combustion chamber, and fuel atomization method described in the above embodiments include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of the following:

[0062] 1. The vortex generator of this application features a purge hole at the interface between the nozzle and the vortex generator. This allows the airflow passing through the purge hole to carry away fuel deposits accumulated on both the nozzle orifice and the inner wall of the vortex generator, effectively preventing carbon buildup on the inner wall of the vortex generator, reducing engine maintenance frequency, and saving costs. Simultaneously, the angle between the centerline of the purge hole and the centerline of the vortex generator creates a swirling effect in the purge hole, ensuring thorough mixing of fuel and air, enhancing fuel atomization and diffusion combustion, which improves engine ignition performance, increases combustion efficiency, and reduces emissions.

[0063] 2. The mixer of this application uses airflow to purge the inner surface of the outlet section, especially the throat, through the purge hole along the first swirling flow path, removing accumulated fuel, improving the carbon buildup problem on the inner wall of the vortex mixer, and reducing maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the first and second swirling flow paths rotate in the same direction, forming a stable flow field that promotes stable combustion. The combined effect of these two flow paths causes the fuel injected from the nozzle to rotate, enhancing fuel atomization and mixing with air, which is beneficial for complete fuel combustion, improving combustion efficiency, and reducing pollution emissions.

[0064] 3. The combustion chamber of this application can prevent carbon deposits from forming on the inner wall of the vortex generator, reducing maintenance costs, and can also enhance the atomization of fuel and air mixing, improve ignition performance, increase combustion efficiency, and reduce pollution emissions.

[0065] 4. The fuel atomization method of this application enhances the fuel atomization and mixing effect with air during startup, while preventing fuel accumulation and carbon deposits on the internal surfaces of the structure, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0066] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vortex generator for use with a nozzle, characterized in that, The vortex generator is annular and has an axial centerline, comprising: An inlet section, used to surround the nozzle, includes multiple purge holes arranged circumferentially at the interface between the inlet section and the nozzle and extending through the axial dimension of the inlet section. The radius of each purge hole is r, and the distance from the centerline of the purge hole to the centerline of the vortex generator is R1, so that the airflow passing through the purge hole forms an axial vortex. Each purge hole includes an upstream end and a downstream end, with the upstream end located in the inlet section. The intermediate section includes a swirling structure to create a radial swirling flow through the airflow passing through the swirling structure. The downstream end of the purge orifice is located in the intermediate section and communicates with the swirling structure. The swirling structure includes multiple swirling channels arranged circumferentially in the intermediate section and extending through the radial dimension of the intermediate section. The angle between the extension direction of the swirling channels through the intermediate section and the radial direction of the intermediate section is 30° to 80°. The axial cross-section of the swirling channels is square, with an axial dimension of H and a radial dimension of L. <H / L<10; The outlet section includes a throat located at the point of minimum diameter on the inner surface of the outlet section. The radius of the throat is R2, and the radius R2 must satisfy R1-r. <R2<R1+r; The inlet section is connected to the outlet section via the intermediate section, and the axial swirling flow and the radial swirling flow converge in the intermediate section and flow out of the vortex generator through the outlet section.

2. The eddy current generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet section, the middle section, and the outlet section are integrated into one unit.

3. The eddy current generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the centerline of the purge hole and the centerline of the vortex generator is 20° to 60°.

4. The eddy current generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius r of the purge hole is 0.2mm to 1.5mm.

5. A mixer for a combustion chamber, characterized in that, The device includes a nozzle and a vortex generator as described in any one of claims 1-4. The vortex generator includes an inlet section, a middle section, and an outlet section. The inlet section surrounds the nozzle. The purge holes of the vortex generator form a first swirling flow path. The swirling structure of the vortex generator forms a second swirling flow path. The first swirling flow path and the second swirling flow path converge on the inner surface of the middle section to form a third swirling flow path. The third swirling flow path drives the fuel flow path injected by the nozzle to rotate and mix together before flowing out from the inner surface of the outlet section.

6. A combustion chamber, characterized in that, The device includes an inner and outer ring of a flame tube, a head transition section assembly, and a mixer as described in claim 5. The mixer is installed on the upstream side of the receiving space formed by the inner and outer rings of the flame tube via the head transition section assembly. Air enters the vortex generator of the mixer from the upstream side to generate a swirling flow. The swirling flow mixes with fuel injected by the nozzle of the mixer in the vortex generator and is discharged from the downstream side of the mixer into the receiving space formed by the inner and outer rings of the flame tube for combustion.

7. A fuel atomization method, characterized in that, Applied to the combustion chamber as described in claim 6, comprising: Air rotates through the purge hole to form a first vortex, and then rotates through the vortex structure to form a second vortex. The vortex structure is located downstream of the purge hole. The first vortex flows axially, and the second vortex flows radially. The first and second vortices converge on the inner surface of the vortex structure to form a third vortex. Fuel passes through the purge hole and the channel defined by the vortex structure, and is driven to rotate and mix by the third vortex.

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