Combine harvester separation concave plate

Abstract

The present invention discloses a separation concave plate for a combine harvester, relating to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The concave plate comprises a first separation concave plate, a second separation concave plate, and a third separation concave plate, which are sequentially arranged at the front, middle, and rear portions of a harvester threshing drum. The first, second, and third separation concave plates each comprise a concave plate body, with connecting plates provided on both sides of the concave plate body in a circumferential direction, the connecting plates being connected to the threshing drum. The concave plate body comprises a plurality of wavy grid plates spaced apart along its axial direction, with upper and lower bars connected between adjacent wavy grid plates, the upper bars being located at the crests of the wavy grid plates, and the lower bars being located at the troughs of the wavy grid plates. The present invention can achieve cyclical changes in the threshing gap, improve the seed screening rate, reduce separation loss and seed damage, reduce the probability of removed seeds being subjected to secondary impact and rubbing, and reduce the seed damage rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a separation concave plate of a combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional crop threshing process, the crop layer is continuously acted upon by the threshing elements, and although the grains can be separated from the ears, the continuous compaction of the crop layer makes it difficult for some grains to pass through the crop layer and the concave plate, thereby increasing the risk of these grains being subjected to secondary or even multiple rubbing and impacts, resulting in increased risk of grain damage. On the other hand, the continuous compaction of the crop layer makes it difficult to change its position, which also increases the degree of breakage of the crop layer, leading to an increase in the separation and cleaning load, and seriously reducing the operating quality of the harvester.

[0003] Based on the above reasons, it is urgent to design a combine harvester separation concave plate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a separation concave plate for a combine harvester to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A separation concave plate of a combine harvester includes a first separation concave plate, a second separation concave plate and a third separation concave plate, wherein the first separation concave plate, the second separation concave plate and the third separation concave plate are sequentially arranged at the front, middle and rear of the harvester threshing drum, the first separation concave plate, the second separation concave plate and the third separation concave plate each include a concave plate body, connecting plates are provided on both sides of the circumferential direction of the concave plate body, the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the threshing drum, the concave plate body includes a plurality of wave-like grid plates arranged at intervals along its axial direction, upper bars and lower bars are connected between adjacent wave-like grid plates, the upper bars are located at the crests of the wave-like grid plates, and the lower bars are located at the troughs of the wave-like grid plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the lengths of the first separation concave plate, the second separation concave plate and the third separation concave plate are equal, and are all 1 / 3 of the length of the threshing drum.

[0008] Furthermore, the wrap angle of the concave plate body is 180°, and both sides of the circumferential direction of each of the wave-type grid plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a crest connection hole is provided at the crest of the wave-type grid plate, and a trough connection hole is provided at the trough of the wave-type grid plate. The trough connection holes and the crest connection holes are respectively located on the circumference R1 and R2 away from the center of the wave-type grid plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the trough connection hole is equal to the diameter of the lower grid bar, and the diameter of the peak connection hole is equal to the diameter of the upper grid bar.

[0011] Furthermore, R1-R2 is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the threshing gap, and the gap between adjacent upper and lower bars is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the separation object.

[0012] Furthermore, the wave-type grid plate is a full-wave structure with a span angle of 180°.

[0013] Furthermore, the wavy grating plate is a semi-wavy structure. When the middle part of the wavy grating plate is set as a wavy segment, its span angle ɑ is 45°~60°. When both sides of the wavy grating plate are set as wavy segments, its span angle β is 20°~30°. When one side of the wavy grating plate is set as a wavy segment, its span angle θ is 50°~60°.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] By setting a wave-type grid plate and setting upper and lower bars at the crest and trough of the wave respectively, the cyclic change of the threshing gap can be achieved, the kneading effect of the threshing element on the threshing object is strengthened, and when the threshing gap becomes larger, it is conducive to the grains passing through the concave plate and being separated, reducing entrainment loss; the effective separation area of ​​the concave plate can be appropriately increased; the grain screening rate can be improved, the separation loss and grain damage can be reduced; and the adaptability to the threshing object is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the corrugated grid plate of the present invention when it is a full corrugated structure.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the case where the middle portion of the wave-type grid plate of the present invention is configured as a wave segment.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the case where both sides of the wave-type grid plate of the present invention are configured as wave segments.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a case where one side of the corrugated grid plate of the present invention is configured as a corrugated segment.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the separation concave plate and the threshing drum after assembly according to the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1-first connecting plate, 2-upper grid bar, 3-lower grid bar, 4-wave grid plate, 5-second connecting plate, 6-first separation concave plate, 7-second separation concave plate, 8-third separation concave plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Combine Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a separation concave plate of a combine harvester, comprising a first separation concave plate 6, a second separation concave plate 7 and a third separation concave plate 8, wherein the first separation concave plate 6, the second separation concave plate 7 and the third separation concave plate 8 are sequentially arranged at the front, middle and rear of the harvester threshing drum, the first separation concave plate 6, the second separation concave plate 7 and the third separation concave plate 8 all comprise a concave plate body, connecting plates are provided on both sides of the circumferential direction of the concave plate body, and the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the threshing drum, the concave plate body comprises a plurality of wave-type grating plates 4 arranged at intervals along its axial direction, and upper bars 2 and lower bars 3 are connected between adjacent wave-type grating plates 4, the upper bars 2 are located at the wave crests of the wave-type grating plates 4, and the lower bars 3 are located at the wave troughs of the wave-type grating plates 4.

[0025] In this embodiment, the lengths of the first separation concave plate 6, the second separation concave plate 7 and the third separation concave plate 8 are equal, and are all 1 / 3 of the length of the threshing drum. The connecting plate is divided into a first connecting plate 1 and a second connecting plate 5, which are respectively connected to both sides of the circumferential direction of the concave plate body.

[0026] Preferably, the concave plate body has a wrap angle of 180°, and both sides of the circumferential direction of each of the corrugated grating plates 4 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate. Specifically, multiple corrugated grating plates 4 are arranged in parallel, and the wrap angle of each corrugated grating plate 4 is 180°. That is, the endpoints of both sides of the circumferential direction of each corrugated grating plate 4 are connected to form the diameter of a circle, and the center of the corrugated grating plate 4 is located at the center of the circle.

[0027] In this embodiment, the wave-shaped grating plate 4 is provided with a wave crest connection hole at the wave crest, and a wave trough connection hole is provided at the wave trough of the wave-shaped grating plate 4. The wave trough connection holes and the wave crest connection holes are respectively located on the circumference R1 and R2 from the center of the wave-shaped grating plate 4. That is, the center of each wave crest connection hole on the wave-shaped grating plate 4 is at a distance R2 from the center of the wave-shaped grating plate 4, and the center of each wave trough connection hole is at a distance R1 from the center of the wave-shaped grating plate 4.

[0028] In this embodiment, the diameter of the trough connection hole is equal to the diameter of the lower grid bar 3, and the diameter of the crest connection hole is equal to the diameter of the upper grid bar 2. The upper grid bar 2 and the lower grid bar 3 are both welded to the corrugated grid plate 4.

[0029] Preferably, R1-R2 is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the threshing gap D, and the gap d between adjacent upper and lower bars is 2-3 times the diameter of the separation object. In this embodiment, the upper and lower bars are directly the same, such as Figure 2 As shown, the gap d between the upper and lower bars is the distance between the centers of the upper and lower bars minus the diameter of the bars, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the threshing gap D is the distance between the threshing drum and the concave plate body. R1-R2 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the threshing gap, primarily to create a thin-to-thick variation in the crop layer thickness, allowing the threshed grains to separate from the crop layer and avoid secondary impact. The gap between adjacent bars is 2-3 times the size of the object being separated, primarily to prevent grains from becoming blocked there and allowing them to more easily pass through the bar gaps and be separated.

[0030] In this embodiment, the wave-type grid plate 4 is a full-wave structure with a span angle of 180°.

[0031] In another embodiment, the wavy grid plate 4 is a semi-wavy structure. When the middle part of the wavy grid plate 4 is set as a wavy segment, its span angle ɑ is 45°~60°. When both sides of the wavy grid plate 4 are set as wavy segments, its span angle β is 20°~30°. When one side of the wavy grid plate 4 is set as a wavy segment, its span angle θ is 50°~60°.

[0032] Working principle:

[0033] During operation, the separation concave plate is installed on the threshing drum. Grain threshing is the result of the combined action of the threshing elements and the separation concave plates on the threshing drum, that is, the threshing elements press the crop layer on the concave plate body for impact and rubbing, so as to realize the separation of the grains and the ears; then, under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, the grains pass through the crop layer and the concave plate body, and the separation of the grains and the crop layer is completed; the present invention performs a cycle of impact / rubbing-fluffing-impact / rubbing on the crop layer during threshing, that is, after each impact and rubbing, a chance for the crop layer to be fluffed is left, so that the detached grains can pass through the crop layer and the concave plate body, reducing the probability of the detached grains suffering secondary impact and rubbing, and reducing the damage rate of the grains; secondly, the cooperation of the wavy grid plate 4 and the upper and lower bars 3 also helps to confuse the crop layer, realize the upward movement of the position of the unthreshed crops, and improve the threshing efficiency of the equipment.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separation concave plate for a combine harvester, characterized in that: The first separation concave plate, the second separation concave plate and the third separation concave plate are sequentially arranged at the front, middle and rear of the harvester threshing drum, the first separation concave plate, the second separation concave plate and the third separation concave plate each include a concave plate body, connecting plates are provided on both sides of the circumferential direction of the concave plate body, the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the threshing drum, the concave plate body includes a plurality of wave-type grid plates arranged at intervals along the axial direction thereof, upper grid bars and lower grid bars are connected between adjacent wave-type grid plates, the upper grid bars are located at the wave crests of the wave-type grid plates, and the lower grid bars are located at the wave troughs of the wave-type grid plates; The crest of the wave-type grid plate is provided with a crest connection hole, and the trough of the wave-type grid plate is provided with a trough connection hole, and the trough connection hole and the crest connection hole are respectively located on the circumference R1 and R2 from the center of the wave-type grid plate; The diameter of the trough connection hole is equal to the diameter of the lower grid bar, and the diameter of the peak connection hole is equal to the diameter of the upper grid bar; R1-R2 is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the threshing gap, and the gap between adjacent upper and lower bars is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the separation object.

2. A combine harvester separation concave plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lengths of the first separation concave plate, the second separation concave plate and the third separation concave plate are equal, and are all 1 / 3 of the length of the threshing drum.

3. A combine harvester separation concave plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wrap angle of the concave plate body is 180°, and both sides of the circumferential direction of each of the wave-type grid plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate.

4. A combine harvester separation concave plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wave-type grid plate is a full-wave structure with a span angle of 180°.

5. The separation concave plate of a combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wavy grating plate has a semi-wavy structure. When the middle part of the wavy grating plate is set as a wavy segment, its span angle ɑ is 45°~60°. When both sides of the wavy grating plate are set as wavy segments, its span angle β is 20°~30°. When one side of the wavy grating plate is set as a wavy segment, its span angle θ is 50°~60°.

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