Use of hypericin in regulating plant flowering and podding

Abstract

The present invention discloses the use of hypericin in regulating plant flowering and podding, belonging to the technical field of plant growth regulators. When the concentration of hypericin is 1-5×10 ‑5 mg / L, especially when the concentration is 1×10 ‑3 -2×10 ‑4 mg / L and 2×10 ‑3 -1×10 ‑ 3 mg / L, it can effectively promote plant flowering and podding. The present invention discovers that hypericin can promote plant flowering and increase the podding rate of plants, mainly by regulating the degradation and synthesis of chlorophyll in plants, enhancing or weakening the photosynthesis of leaves, and regulating energy metabolism, thereby inhibiting or promoting plant flowering and controlling podding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to the use of hypericin in regulating plant flowering and podding. Background Art

[0002] Plant-derived pesticides refer to new pesticides directly or indirectly processed and synthesized from active substances extracted from plants with insecticidal or antibacterial effects. They cover active ingredients purified from plants, the plants themselves, and compounds synthesized after modifying the active structure. There are various types such as phytotoxins, plant endogenous hormones, plant-derived insect hormones, antifeedants, attractants, repellents, sterilants, synergists, phytoalexins, allelochemicals, etc. The active ingredients contained in plant-derived pesticides are natural products, which are easily degraded in nature, cause little environmental pollution, are not prone to drug resistance, have strong selectivity, low toxicity to humans, livestock and natural enemies, and relatively low development and use costs. Applying plant-derived pesticides to control pests and diseases has become a new trend in the current green prevention and control of pests and diseases. As of October 10, 2020, a total of 194 plant-derived pesticide products have been approved and registered in China. Among them, matrine, azadirachtin, rotenone, etc. are the active ingredients with more registrations. A total of 124 enterprises hold registration certificates, which are mainly applied to the control of economic crops such as tea trees, tobacco, vegetables, etc. and stored grain pests.

[0003] Hypericin (Hyp) is the most biologically active substance in the natural Chinese herbal medicine Hypericum perforatum, and is an active monomer against viruses. Research shows that hypericin has biological activities such as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and enhancing immunity, and also has a strong effect in anti-depression and inhibiting the growth of gliomas. In addition, hypericin can be used as a new photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. The principle of photodynamic therapy is that the photosensitizer selectively acts on rapidly proliferating target cells. Under the excitation of an appropriate wavelength light source, relying on the participation of oxygen, reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen are generated through type I and type II reactions, destroying biological macromolecules in the target cells, and then producing a selective killing effect. Liu Gaofeng et al. added different concentrations of hypericin to the culture medium of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and irradiated them with light after adding the drug. It was found that after photoactivation, hypericin at concentrations of 4 μM and 8 μM could effectively inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells and induce their apoptosis; the ROS level in MDA-MB-231 cells increased significantly. Photoactivated hypericin has a good in vitro anti-tumor effect on MDA-MB-231 cells. Some studies have shown that hypericin has a bactericidal effect on the vast majority of strains (0.5 McF), and the minimum bactericidal concentration (≥3 log10 CFU) is 0.63 μM. However, at present, no functional role of hypericin in regulating plant growth, especially flowering and podding, has been found. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a use of hypericin in regulating plant flowering and podding, which can effectively promote plant flowering and podding.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] Use of hypericin in regulating plant flowering.

[0007] Further, the plant is a leguminous plant.

[0008] Further, the leguminous plants are pea, peanut, and mung bean.

[0009] Further, hypericin with a concentration of 1-5×10 -5 mg / L is used to spray the plants; wherein, the concentration of hypericin is based on the hypericin concentration.

[0010] Further, hypericin with a concentration of 1×10 -3 -2×10 -4 mg / L is used to spray the plants; wherein, the concentration of hypericin is based on the hypericin concentration.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that the solution containing hypericin in this concentration range can promote plant flowering and increase the flowering rate.

[0012] Use of hypericin in promoting plant podding.

[0013] Further, at the seedling stage of the plant, a solution with a hypericin concentration of 1-5×10 -5 mg / L is applied to the plants 3-5 times, and the application amount of the solution per plant each time is 0.2-0.5 L; wherein, the concentration of hypericin is based on the hypericin concentration.

[0014] Further, at the seedling stage of the plant, a solution with a hypericin concentration of 2×10 -3 -1×10 -3 mg / L is applied to the plants; wherein, the concentration of hypericin is based on the hypericin concentration.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that the solution containing hypericin in this concentration range can increase the chlorophyll content in plant leaves and promote plant podding.

[0016] A growth regulator containing hypericin, the growth regulator includes hypericin, and the mass fraction of hypericin in the growth regulator is 10-51%; preferably, the mass fraction of hypericin in the growth regulator is 39%.

[0017] When the growth regulator is in aqueous solution form, the growth regulator further comprises a solvent at a mass fraction of 0.1%, a stabilizer at 2%, an antifreeze at 5%, and a preservative at 0.1 - 0.5%; wherein, the solvent is xylene, toluene or cyclohexanone, the stabilizer is triphenyl phosphite or epichlorohydrin, the antifreeze is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or urea, and the preservative is benzoic acid or sodium benzoate.

[0018] When the growth regulator is in suspension form, the growth regulator further comprises a dispersant at a mass fraction of 3%, a wetting agent at 5 - 7%, a thickener at 2%, a preservative at 0.1 - 0.5%, an antifoaming agent at 0.1 - 0.5% and an antifreeze at 4%; wherein, the dispersant is alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate or lignosulfonate, the wetting agent is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate, the thickener is xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate or bentonite, the preservative is benzoic acid or sodium benzoate, the antifoaming agent is silicone-based, such as polydimethylsiloxane; and the antifreeze is glycerol, urea, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

[0019] When the growth regulator is in wettable powder form, the growth regulator further comprises a dispersant at a mass fraction of 6%, a wetting agent at 3%, and a filler at 4 - 5%; wherein, the dispersant is polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate or alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, the wetting agent is alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfate or naphthalene sulfonate, and the filler is light calcium carbonate, talc powder, diatomaceous earth, kaolin or attapulgite.

[0020] When the growth regulator is in granule form, the growth regulator further comprises a dispersant at a mass fraction of 4%, a wetting agent at 5%, a disintegrant at 5%, a binder at 0.3%, and a filler at 28 - 37%; wherein, the dispersant is polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate or alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, the wetting agent is alkyl sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, alkyl sulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate, the disintegrant is citric acid, ammonium sulfate, glucose, urea or sodium bicarbonate, the binder is corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose or diatomaceous earth, and the filler is light calcium carbonate, talc powder, diatomaceous earth, kaolin or attapulgite.

[0021] In addition, in practice, various auxiliaries in the growth regulators of the above different dosage forms (the auxiliaries are any several of emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizer, thickener, preservative, antifreeze, dispersant, filler, disintegrant and binder) as long as they can improve the physical and chemical properties of the medicament, enhance the drug efficacy and facilitate transportation and storage and other properties during the processing or use of the growth regulator can be used as the auxiliaries in the growth regulator of this embodiment.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention discovers that hypericin, or a growth regulator containing it as an active ingredient, can promote plant flowering and increase the pod-setting rate of plants, mainly by regulating the degradation and synthesis of chlorophyll in plants, enhancing or weakening the photosynthesis of leaves, and regulating energy metabolism, thereby achieving the inhibition or promotion of plant flowering and the control of pod-setting. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The following describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art of this technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the detailed implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions created using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0025] Example 1 Influence of hypericin on plant flowering

[0026] Healthy pea (variety: Zhongwan No. 6), peanut (variety: Luhua No. 1), and mung bean (variety: Maolv No. 1) seeds with similar growth conditions were respectively selected, transplanted into pots, 2 plants per pot, 10 pots per group, and each group was repeated 3 times.

[0027] Prepare experimental solutions: Dilute hypericin with distilled water containing 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.1% Tween-80 to 1×10 3 、5×10 3 、5×10 4 、5×10 5 、1×10 6 、5×10 6 、1×10 7 、2×10 7 times, that is, the solution concentrations are 1 mg / L, 2×10 -1 mg / L, 2×10 -2 mg / L, 2×10 -3 mg / L, 1×10 -3 mg / L, 2×10 -4 mg / L, 1×10 -4 mg / L, 5×10 -5 mg / L, and use distilled water containing 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.1% Tween-80 as the control group.

[0028] The example adopts the pot experiment method. When the plants all initially have flower buds, spray each group of potted plants. Since the first day of flowering, record the flowering quantity once a day, and count and record the data by coloring the petals each time of observation until the flowering ends, and then calculate the flowering rate. The results are shown in Table 1. The calculation formula for the flowering rate is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Table 1 Effects of Hypericin at Different Concentrations on Flowering of Peas, Peanuts, and Mung Beans

[0031]

[0032] Note: Statistical analysis was performed using DPS 6.0 data processing software, and the Duncan's new multiple range method was used for significant difference analysis. Different lowercase letters marked after the data in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). The same below.

[0033] Table 1 shows that hypericin had a certain effect on the flowering of pea, peanut, and mung bean plants. Specifically, for peas, when the drug concentration was 1×10 -3 -2×10 -4 mg / L, the flowering rate was nearly 13% higher than that of the control group, showing a trend of promoting flowering. And when the drug concentration was 2×10 -2 -5×10 -5 mg / L, the flowering rates of the treated plants were all greater than that of the control group. For peanuts, when the drug concentration was 2×10 -3 -1×10 -4 mg / L, the flowering rate was significantly higher than that of the control group. For the treatment of mung beans, when the drug was sprayed in the concentration range of 2×10 -3 -1×10 -4 mg / L, the flowering rate was significantly higher than that of the control group, and there was no significant difference in the flowering rate between the other concentration treatment groups and the control group. When the potted plants were treated with hypericin at a concentration of 1 mg / L, the flowering rates of the pea and peanut groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. For the three crops, the germination rates when treated with a drug concentration of 1 mg / L were the lowest among all treatments. Generally speaking, spraying in the concentration range of 1×10 -3 -2×10 -4 mg / L had the best effect on promoting the flowering of the three crops.

[0034] Example 2 Effects of Hypericin on Pod Setting of Plants

[0035] Select healthy pea, peanut, and mung bean plants with similar growth conditions during the flowering period, transplant them into pots, 2 plants per pot, 10 pots per group, and repeat each group 3 times.

[0036] Prepare the same experimental solution as in Example 1, and use distilled water containing 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.1% Tween-80 as the control group.

[0037] Spray each group of potted plants. The single spraying amount per plant is 0.2 L, each spraying cycle is 5 days, and a total of 5 sprays are made. After the spraying is completed, place the plants in an environment of 25°C for cultivation, record the number of pods at maturity, and count the number of pods:

[0038]

[0039] Table 2 Effects of Hypericin at Different Concentrations on Pod Setting Rates of Peas, Peanuts, and Mung Beans

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Table 2 shows that hypericin had a certain effect on the flowering of pea, peanut, and mung bean plants. Specifically, when the highest concentration of the medicament was used to treat peas, the pod setting rate was significantly lower than that of the control group, showing an inhibitory effect on plant pod setting. When the concentration was 2×10 -1 -1×10 -4 mg / L, the pod setting rates of the pea treatment groups were all higher than that of the control group, and the effect was significant compared to the control group in the concentration range of 2×10 -3 -2×10 -4 mg / L, showing a promotion of plant elongation. When the medicament concentration was 2×10 -2 -1×10 -4 mg / L to treat peanuts, the pod setting rate of peanuts was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the pod setting rate reached the highest when the application concentration of the medicament was 2×10 -3 mg / L. For mung beans, the optimal concentration range for promoting the pod setting rate by the application of the medicament was 2×10 -3 -1×10 -3 mg / L, and the application effect of 1×10 -3 mg / L hypericin was the best. Generally speaking, the medicament had the best promotion effect on the pod setting of the three plants when applied in the concentration range of 2×10 -3 -1×10 -3 mg / L.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation manners are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of hypericin in regulating the flowering of leguminous plants, wherein the concentration of hypericin is 1×10 -3 -2×10 -4 mg / L.

2. Use of hypericin in regulating pod formation of leguminous plants, wherein the concentration of hypericin is 2×10 -3 -1×10 -3 mg / L.

3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The leguminous plants are mung beans, peas or peanuts.

4. Use of hypericin as described in claim 1 in the preparation of a growth regulator for regulating the flowering of leguminous plants, wherein the concentration of hypericin is 1×10 -3 -2×10 -4 mg / L.

5. Use of hypericin as described in claim 1 in the preparation of a growth regulator for regulating pod formation in leguminous plants, wherein the concentration of hypericin is 2×10 -3 -1×10 -3 mg / L.

6. The use according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The growth regulator is in the form of an aqueous solution, a suspension, a wettable powder or a granule.

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