Explosion beam and explosion soot blower

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of detonation beam wave device and detonation soot blower for cleaning ash, belong to the field of boiler soot blower, the detonation beam wave device includes first Laval nozzle, the front end of first Laval nozzle is used to be connected with the output end of high-pressure gas generator, first Laval nozzle rear end is used to be connected to shooting wave component, Laval principle structure design scheme is adopted.Pressure wave differential pressure increases, forms strong wave explosion source and gas shock wave, differential pressure is formed, resulting in speed exceeds supersonic speed, to meet the purpose of soot blowing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of boiler soot blowers, and particularly relates to a detonation beam for soot removal and a soot blower having a detonation beam for soot removal. Background Technology

[0002] Various types of boiler soot blowers are used in cement kilns, glass kilns, waste heat furnaces, biomass power generation industries, and other power generation superheating equipment, as well as power plant ash and dust removal equipment, both domestically and internationally. During production, superheated heating surfaces experience different forms of ash and dust accumulation. These tiny chemically combined dust particles significantly impact the absorption of heat energy for power generation. Many power plants in China currently use existing domestic soot removal methods, but the results do not meet equipment safety requirements and often present various safety hazards. General boiler designs typically employ wall-mounted systems: if a heavy hammer is used for soot removal, this process can damage the converter tubes and lead to tube ruptures, affecting normal equipment operation. If combustion or steam shock wave soot blowing methods are used, the initial investment cost is high, and combustion shock waves can easily cause backfire, electrical short circuits, and other malfunctions, requiring excessively frequent operation and maintenance. Steam shock wave soot blowing has blind spots, resulting in incomplete cleaning, inflexibility, high temperatures, and difficult and costly maintenance, increasing the risk of safety accidents. Currently, existing soot blowing designs from other manufacturers no longer meet the requirements for ash accumulation inside the furnace, which affects the heat exchanger's replacement efficiency. Existing technologies use ordinary nozzles and spray nozzles, which are ineffective at removing ash.

[0003] The treatment of chemically compounded dust, scale, and viscous dust inside various equipment containers is crucial. This is because boiler ash and slag are the final products formed after the minerals in the combustion medium undergo certain physicochemical reactions under high temperatures during combustion within the furnace. Ash and slag cause problems such as furnace fouling, slagging, corrosion, and wear on heated surfaces, necessitating timely removal. Furthermore, the ash and slag contain certain amounts of heavy metals such as iron, copper, zinc, and chromium, as well as a large amount of sulfur-containing gases. Addressing these issues requires urgent technical solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a detonation beam wave device and a detonation soot blower for dust removal, which have stronger gas intensity and better soot blowing effect.

[0005] The technical implementation of the present invention is as follows: a detonation beam for dust removal, comprising a first Laval nozzle, the front end of the first Laval nozzle being connected to the output end of a high-pressure gas generator, and the rear end of the first Laval nozzle being connected to a firing wave assembly.

[0006] In some embodiments, a first pressurization device is further included, with the rear end of the first Laval nozzle connected to the inlet end of the first pressurization device and the outlet end of the first pressurization device connected to the firing wave assembly.

[0007] In some embodiments, a second Laval nozzle is further included, the front end of which is connected to the outlet end of the first booster device, and the rear end of which is connected to the firing wave assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first pressurizing device is a turbofan pressurizing device or a turbofan fan.

[0009] In some embodiments, a second pressurizing device is also included, which is connected to the air chamber of the first pressurizing device. The second pressurizing device includes a high-pressure gas tank, and the output end of the high-pressure gas tank outlet is connected to a transfer pipe led out from the first pressurizing device.

[0010] In some embodiments, a projectile wave assembly is further included, the projectile wave assembly including a rotating spray disk, the rotating spray disk including an energy distribution assembly; wherein an air inlet is provided at the front end of the energy distribution assembly, a hollow cavity communicating with the air inlet is provided in the middle of the energy distribution assembly, a cavity communicating with the middle cavity is provided at the rear end of the energy distribution assembly, a plurality of air distribution channels are arranged in a ring around the sidewall of the rear cavity, and a nozzle is provided at the end of the air distribution channel, the air inlet being rotatably mounted on the rear end of the first Laval nozzle.

[0011] In some embodiments, the high-pressure gas generator is an air compressor.

[0012] Another embodiment of the present invention is: a detonation soot blower, including the above-mentioned detonation beam wave device for soot removal.

[0013] Another technical embodiment of the present invention is: a detonation soot blower, the aforementioned detonation beam for soot removal; further comprising a shot wave assembly; multiple first Laval nozzles; the high-pressure gas generating device comprising an air compressor and a split-type gas collection tank; the shot wave assembly comprising multiple sets of spray guns and nozzle assemblies; multiple split-type gas collection tanks, further comprising a safety pressure regulating valve and a gas storage tank; the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the gas storage tank; the gas storage tank is connected to multiple split-type gas collection tanks via the safety pressure regulating valve; each split-type gas collection tank comprises multiple output pipelines; each split-type gas collection tank is connected to multiple solenoid valves; multiple solenoid valves are connected to the front end of the corresponding multiple first Laval nozzles via corresponding multiple output pipelines; the rear end of the multiple first Laval nozzles is connected to the front end of the corresponding multiple spray guns; each set of spray guns is equipped with a nozzle assembly, the nozzle assembly comprising multiple nozzles; the split-type gas collection tanks and multiple sets of spray guns adopt a time-division multiplexing operation mode; or / and the split-type gas collection tanks and multiple sets of spray guns adopt a superimposed time-division multiplexing operation mode.

[0014] Another technical embodiment of the present invention is: a detonation soot blower, the aforementioned detonation beam for soot removal; further comprising a shot wave assembly; the high-pressure gas generating device includes an air compressor, a safety pressure regulating valve, a second control valve, a gas storage tank, and an energy release device; the shot wave assembly includes a rotating spray disc, and multiple energy release devices are included; the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the gas storage tank; the gas storage tank is connected to the corresponding multi-layer energy release device via the safety pressure regulating valve and multiple second control valves; the energy release device is connected to the front end of the first Laval nozzle via an electromagnetic pulse valve; one output end of each electrical instrumentation control device is connected to the control end of the electromagnetic pulse valve on each row of energy release devices; different output ends of different electrical instrumentation control devices are connected to the control end of the electromagnetic pulse valve on each column of energy release devices; one output end of each electrical instrumentation control device is connected to the control end of the gear coupling actuator on the rotating spray disc connected to the rear end of the first Laval nozzle on each row; different output ends of different electrical instrumentation control devices are connected to the control end of the gear coupling actuator on the rotating spray disc connected to the beam.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] The design employs Laval's principle. The increased pressure difference creates a strong explosion source and a gas shock wave, resulting in a pressure difference that causes the speed to exceed supersonic speeds, thus fulfilling the purpose of soot blowing.

[0017] In layman's terms, the power source of the beam is a first pressurization device. The detonation blower uses mechanical kinetic energy to drive the blades in the first pressurization device inside the beam to rotate synchronously at high speed, more than 2,000 revolutions per minute. This causes the vacuum that was originally in a vacuum to be reduced again under the action of the fan blades, driving the relative vacuum to be compressed. When the power source is working, the air pressure in the original relative vacuum tube is carried away again by the flow, and the vacuum is compressed and reduced. After the air pressure is carried away, the relative vacuum layer is reduced again to about negative 30,000 Pa, which is in a relative absolute vacuum, further enhancing the kinetic energy of the detonation.

[0018] A second Laval nozzle was added, further enhancing the pressure wave differential pressure.

[0019] To enhance power, a high-pressure container is added to increase the air pressure inside the first pressurization device, thereby achieving a pressurization effect.

[0020] The rotating spray disc can achieve 360-degree dust removal without blind spots. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-powered sonic boom shockwave soot blowing device in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the existing split-type air collection tank, spray gun, and nozzle structure.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first Laval nozzle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a C-C cross-sectional view of the first Laval nozzle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle of the first Laval nozzle and the firing wave assembly in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the detonation beamformer of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the detonation beamformer of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detonation soot blower in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view along the axis of symmetry of a plane in which the bearing is fixed to the inner wire of the exhaust port of the detonation beam device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the rotary spray disc of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the rotating spray disc of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the rotating spray disk of the detonation beam device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a front view of a third embodiment of the rotating spray disk of the detonation beamer of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, which connects a rotating spray disc to the outlet of a detonation beam wave generator.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention, which features a rotating spray disc embedded sliding track.

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention, which connects a rotating spray disc to the outlet of a detonation beam wave generator.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. Air compressor; 2. Air tank; 3. Electrical control device; 4. Safety pressure regulating valve; 5. Manual control ball valve; 6. Solenoid pulse valve; 7. First manual valve. 8. Second manual valve, 9. Third manual main valve, 10. First pressure gauge, 11. Second pressure gauge, 12. Third pressure gauge, 13. First safety valve, 14. First drain valve, 15. Fourth pressure gauge, 16. Second safety valve, 17. Second drain valve, 18. Buffer device, 19. Second flange, 20. Spray gun, 21. Nozzle, 22. Divided air collection tank, 23. Air dryer, 24. Sealing device, 25. First flange, 26. Third flange, 27. First Laval nozzle, 28. Third Laval nozzle, 29. Fourth flange, 30. Fifth flange, 31. Sixth flange, 32. Air inlet, 33. Energy distribution chamber, 34. Air distribution channel and nozzle, 35. First booster device, 36. Second Laval nozzle, 37. Inlet, 38. Air inlet, 39. Exhaust diffuser, 40. Diffuser (middle section), 41. The system includes: a third mixing chamber 42, an exhaust chamber 43, a diffuser jet nozzle 44, an inner spiral wire interface 45, a second mixing chamber 46, a turbofan blade 47, a second booster device 48, a first intake port 49, a first air intake chamber 50, a first exhaust chamber 51, a first mixing chamber 52, a first diffuser middle chamber 53, a second exhaust chamber 54, a first nozzle 55, a first expansion chamber 56, a fourth mixing chamber 57, an inner thread 58, a gear coupling actuator 59, an energy storage release device 62, a beam beam 61, a rotating spray disc 60, a third manual valve 63, a fifth pressure gauge 64, a bearing 65, a transmission device 66, a rotating nozzle 68, a connecting bolt 67, a rotating pressure cap 69, a distribution chamber 70, a main nozzle port 71, a main nozzle inner thread 72, a rotating spray disc outer thread 73, a transmission gear 74, a spray disc outer cover 75, and an inner distribution device 76. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, principles, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this embodiment, the specific embodiments described are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0040] like Figure 1The image shows a prior art gas-powered sonic boom shockwave soot blowing device, comprising an air compressor 1, multiple separate air collection tanks 22, and spray guns 20. Multiple separate air collection tanks 22 are included, along with a safety pressure regulating valve 4 and an air storage tank 2. The output of the air compressor 1 is connected to the input of the air storage tank 2. The air storage tank 2 is connected to multiple separate air collection tanks 22 via the safety pressure regulating valve 4. Each separate air collection tank 22 includes multiple output pipelines and multiple solenoid valves. Multiple solenoid valves are connected to each separate air collection tank 22, and each solenoid valve is connected to each set of spray guns via each output pipeline. Each set of spray guns has a nozzle assembly, which includes multiple nozzles 21. The separate air collection tanks 22 and the multiple sets of spray guns 20 employ a time-division multiplexing operation mode, or / and the separate air collection tanks 22 and the multiple sets of spray guns 20 employ a superimposed time-division multiplexing operation mode. Furthermore, the gas-powered sonic boom shockwave soot blowing device also includes multiple manually controlled ball valves 5 and an electrical instrumentation control device 3. The air supply system is operated by the air compressor 1. The line safety system is completed by a safety valve assembly and an electrical instrumentation and control device 3. The output of the air compressor 1 is connected to the air inlet of the storage tank 2 via a first manual valve 7. The storage tank is equipped with a first pressure gauge 10, a first safety valve 13, and a first drain valve 14. The storage tank 2 is connected to the air dryer 23 via a second manual valve 8. A second pressure gauge 11 is connected to the pipeline connecting the second manual valve 8 and the air dryer 23. The air dryer 23 is connected to the third manual main valve 9 via a safety pressure regulating valve 4. The third manual main valve 9 is connected to each floor's separate air collection tank 22 via each manual control ball valve 5. A third pressure gauge 12 is connected to the pipeline between the safety pressure regulating valve 4 and the third manual main valve 9. The output of the third pressure gauge 12 is connected to the input of the electrical instrumentation and control device 3. For example... Figure 2As shown, it also includes a buffer device 18, a first flange 25, a second flange 19, a third flange 26, and a sealing device 24. Each split-type air collection tank 22 includes multiple output pipelines. The input end of the solenoid valve is connected to the air outlet of the split-type air collection tank 22. The output end of the solenoid valve is connected to one end of the buffer device 18 via the first flange 25. The other end of the buffer device 18 is connected to the output pipeline via the second flange 19. The other end of the output pipeline is connected to the spray gun via the third flange 26 and the sealing device 24. The solenoid valve is a solenoid pulse valve 6. Sound waves and vibrations are generated during soot blowing. To eliminate vibrations, a flexible connection device is added. The buffer device 18 is the flexible connection device. It, together with the first and second flanges 25 and 19, can play a buffering role to prevent damage to other rigid devices. This equipment has existing technology, but this technology is not used in this equipment. Each spray gun 20 is connected to multiple nozzles 21. The gas-energy shockwave assembly of the gas-collecting tank includes a gas-collecting tank 22, an electromagnetic pulse valve 6, a manually controlled ball valve 5, a drain device, a buffer device 24, and flange connection components. It is the final actuator in the sootblowing system. The tank's capacity, internal structure, and connection method directly affect the power of the shockwave explosion. The arrangement of the nozzles and spray guns 20 directly affects the sootblowing effect on each heated surface and in the surrounding space. Multiple sets of spray guns are arranged on a single gas-collecting tank. Multiple gas-collecting tanks can be arranged in a single layer, forming multiple layers. The boiler structure is designed as follows: the first layer is the preheating layer, the second and third layers are superheaters, the fourth layer is the evaporator, and the fifth layer is the economizer tubes. The gas-collecting tanks are placed in the preheating layer, superheating layer, evaporator layer, and economizer tubes, respectively. The gas-collecting tank releases its stored gas pressure instantaneously via the electromagnetic pulse valve, which is then transmitted to the nozzles 21 through the spray guns 20, generating high-pressure sonic waves and high-pressure steam flow. It also includes a fourth pressure gauge 15, a second safety valve 16, and a second drain valve 17, which are located on the separate gas collection tank 22. The separate gas collection tank and multiple sets of spray guns adopt a time-division multiplexing operation mode, or / and the separate gas collection tank and multiple sets of spray guns adopt a superimposed time-division multiplexing operation mode. It also includes an electrical and instrumentation control device, and there are multiple electrical and instrumentation control devices. The output terminal of each electrical and instrumentation control device is connected to the control terminal of the electromagnetic pulse valve of the corresponding column of the separate gas collection tank on each layer and column, which is used to control the working status of each set of spray guns on the separate gas collection tank. The electrical and instrumentation control device 3 performs automatic control. The electrical and instrumentation control device 3 is responsible for the unified coordination of the actions of all components of the entire system and completes tasks including operation control, parameter setting, signal detection and recording, fault display and alarm, and automatic safety protection. Air compressor 1 outputs compressed gas at a rate of up to 1 cubic meter per minute. The air storage tank 2 consists of three individual air storage tanks connected in series, each with a capacity of up to 1 cubic meter. In other words, there are three air storage tanks connected in series, with one end connected to the air compressor and the other end connected to the safety pressure regulating valve.The total gas storage capacity is within 3 cubic meters. Each sub-type gas collection tank 22 stores 2.8L-3L of gas. The rated pressure of the sub-type gas collection tank 22 is 0.8-1.2MPa. The working pressure of the electromagnetic pulse valve is 0.4MPa-0.6MPa. The number of sub-type gas collection tanks 22 is arranged according to the size of the boiler space, with 3-6 sub-type gas collection tanks 22 on each floor. Each sub-type gas collection tank 22 is connected to 4-6 spray guns 20, and each spray gun 20 has 8-12 nozzles 21.

[0041] The split-type air collection tank and spray guns operate in a reciprocating manner with forward and reverse nozzles 21. That is, the split-type air collection tank and multiple spray guns use a time-division multiplexing operation from start to finish. For example, each split-type air collection tank 22 has four spray guns 20 arranged in a line, with the first and third spray guns to the left, and the second and fourth spray guns to the right. The working time is sequentially delayed by a set time, but not synchronously (e.g., the first spray gun starts after 0 minutes, the second after 3 minutes, the third after 6 minutes, and the fourth after 9 minutes, then the cycle repeats from one to four, thus resetting the operation sequentially, using a time-division multiplexing operation). Alternatively, the split-type air collection tank and multiple spray guns can use a superimposed time-division multiplexing operation, that is, spraying is repeated once more from the end to the beginning. (For example, the fourth nozzle starts after 0 minutes, the third after 3 minutes, the second after 6 minutes, and the third after 9 minutes. This cycle repeats, starting again from the fourth to the first, resetting sequentially. This uses a superimposed time-division multiplexing operation method.) The amount of air sprayed by each nozzle is determined by the air output of the air compressor. The time-division multiplexing or superimposed time-division multiplexing operation method can be set as needed.

[0042] Operating mode: The air compressor 1 is connected to the split-type air collection tank 22 via the air storage tank 2 and the safety pressure regulating valve 4. Each split-type air collection tank 22 is arranged with four spray guns 20. Each spray gun 20 has 8 to 12 nozzles 21 and a single electromagnetic pulse valve 6. During operation, the spray guns 20 and the connected electromagnetic pulse valves 6 are energized via the electrical instrumentation control device 3 to drive the nozzles 21. The entire soot blowing system adopts a time-division multiplexing and superimposed time-division multiplexing method. Principle: The electromagnetic pulse valve 6 operates, compressing 200L to 260L of gas at 0.5Mpa through the split-type gas collection tank 22, simultaneously ejected from multiple forward and reverse nozzles 21 at a speed of 0.3 seconds. Simultaneously, the high-speed gas release from the electromagnetic pulse valve 6 generates a sonic boom, causing vibration in the boiler's internal piping. Dust particles, propelled by the shock waves generated by the forward and reverse nozzles 21, are cleaned by the pressure difference within the boiler, removing accumulated ash and cleaning both surface dust and airborne dust, thus eliminating cleaning dead zones. This reduces the safety hazards of manual online cleaning, lowers risk investment costs by 20,000 yuan annually, and ensures maintenance quality.

[0043] The soot blowing system mainly consists of five parts: the gas energy shock wave assembly of the separate air collection tanks, the spray guns and nozzles, the electrical and instrumentation control device, the soot blowing pipeline and components, and the pipeline and fixing device. The pipeline and fixing device includes pipe clamps and support devices matching the pipe diameter for securing the separate air collection tanks. The soot blower can be controlled locally: pressing a button on the local control panel (e.g., "Separate Air Collection Tank No. 1") will drive the spray gun 20 and nozzle 21 of the corresponding separate air collection tank to operate. In sequential drive mode: the automatic control system (e.g., start signal, DCS sequential drive signal, etc.) sends a signal to start the first spray gun 20 of the first separate air collection tank soot blower; after a certain delay, the second spray gun 20 of the first separate air collection tank starts operating, and so on, until all four spray guns 20 of the first separate air collection tank are started. Once all four spray guns 20 of the first separate air collection tank have started, one cycle of operation is completed. The system operates in a sequential drive, starting the spray guns on the second and third separate air collection tanks until the first layer of boiler is completed. This process continues until the second and third layers are finished. Because this system uses a dedicated control box module to integrate operating parameters in a programmable control mode, the control box operates in the initial module state of programmable control mode after power-on. As needed, the start button on the local control cabinet can be pressed at any time to start the sequential drive mode. After all air soot blowers have started, the cycle can be stopped, or the stop button can be pressed to stop the sequential drive cycle at any time. During this process, the system displays the parameters and countdown for each stage. Delayed cycles and remote operation are also supported. The electrical and instrumentation programmable control device 3, with its DCS (Dynamic Stability Control System) online monitoring panel and digital integrated screen, allows for online monitoring of the DCS (Dynamic Stability Control System) both near and far. It can monitor while controlling, and can be controlled locally, remotely, or even directly. The electrical and instrumentation programmable control device 3 uses time-division multiplexing and superimposed time-division multiplexing modes. It features online soot blowing with flexible control: single-point, single-sided, single-point, multi-layer, or simultaneous multi-point, multi-layer soot blowing. Unlike other soot blowing methods in China, it boasts simple maintenance and low safety risks. It offers controllable online automatic soot blowing. The dedicated control box for the air soot blower has a built-in DCS interface, allowing connection to the user's DCS system. Users can monitor the air soot blower online within the DCS control system and adjust the operating control method according to boiler structure, design parameters, or other modifications.

[0044] This invention was independently designed by the applicant, which optimizes the ash cleaning mechanism and adopts a full-coverage time-division multiple-work method to clean ash. The electrical instrumentation programmable control device 3 has been implemented in multiple power plants. Its ash blowing effect can thoroughly clean the surface floating ash without dead corners.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 3As shown, the detonation beam device for dust removal includes a first Laval nozzle 27. The front end of the first Laval nozzle 27 is connected to the output end of a high-pressure gas generator, and the rear end of the first Laval nozzle 27 is connected to a shot wave assembly. The first Laval nozzle 27, the high-pressure gas generator, and the shot wave assembly form a sealed space. The front end of the first Laval nozzle 27 can be connected to the output end of the buffer device 18 in a gas-energy sonic boom shockwave dust removal device (see patent number CN201910943409.X, named gas-energy sonic boom shockwave dust removal device). The existing shot wave assembly includes a spray gun and a nozzle. The front end of the first Laval nozzle 27 is connected to the second flange 19 at the rear end of the buffer device 18 of the gas-energy sonic boom shockwave dust removal device via a fourth flange 29. The rear end of the first Laval nozzle is connected to the third flange 26 at the front end of the spray gun via a fifth flange 30 and a sealing device. Thus, it connects to the front end of the shot wave assembly of the gas-energy sonic boom shockwave dust removal device.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 5 As shown, the output end of the spray gun is connected to the sixth flange 31 at the input end of the third Laval nozzle 28 via a flange (not shown in the figure), and the output end of the third Laval nozzle is connected to the nozzle.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that it also includes a first pressurizing device 36. The rear end of the first Laval nozzle 27 is connected to the inlet end of the first pressurizing device 36, and the outlet end of the first pressurizing device 36 is used to connect to the projectile wave assembly. The high-pressure gas generator, the first Laval nozzle 27, the first pressurizing device 36, and the projectile wave assembly form a sealed space. The projectile wave assembly includes a spray gun 20 and a nozzle 21. (See patent number CN201910943409.X, entitled "Gas Energy Sonic Boom Shock Wave Ash Blowing Device")

[0051] Example 4

[0052] The difference from Embodiment 3 is the inclusion of a second Laval nozzle 37. The front end of the second Laval nozzle 37 is connected to the outlet end of the first pressurization device 36, and the rear end of the second Laval nozzle 37 is connected to the firing wave assembly. The first pressurization device 36 is a turbofan pressurization device. Figure 6 As shown, the first Laval nozzle 27, the first pressurizing device 36, and the second Laval nozzle 37 form a sealed space. The internal structure of the beam beam assembly includes an intake port 38, an air intake duct 39, a second mixing chamber 46, an exhaust diffuser 40, a diffuser (middle end) 41, a third mixing chamber 42, an exhaust chamber 43, a diffuser jet nozzle 44, and a nozzle internal spiral wire interface 45.

[0053] like Figure 10As shown, the projectile assembly can also be a rotating spray disc, which includes an energy distribution assembly 33. An air inlet 32 ​​is provided at the front end of the energy distribution assembly 33; a hollow cavity communicating with the air inlet 32 ​​is provided in the middle of the energy distribution assembly 33; a cavity communicating with the middle cavity is provided at the rear end of the energy distribution assembly 33; multiple air distribution channels 34 are arranged in a ring around the side wall of the rear cavity; and nozzles 35 are provided at the ends of the air distribution channels 34. The air inlet 32 ​​is rotatably mounted at the rear end of the first Laval nozzle 27, the second Laval nozzle 37, or the first pressurization device 36. The connection method is to embed it in the outer end of the detonation beam, with the rotating spray disc air inlet 32 ​​mounted on the outer end of the beam. The rotating spray disc uses an internal thread 58, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust port at the end of the beamformer uses an external wire, and the internal wire of the rotating spray disk is connected to the external wire of the exhaust port. The connection method at the end of the detonation beamformer is designed as follows: Figure 15 and Figure 14 As shown, a rotating spray disc with a recessed sliding track (bearing) is installed on the outer circumference of the beam beam outlet, allowing the rotating spray disc to rotate 360 ​​degrees. Figure 12 and Figure 13 The figures shown are a sectional view and a front view of a third embodiment of the rotating spray disc. The tail section is designed to prevent the push-block cover or rivets from being fixed in place, thus preventing wear or slippage of the rotating spray disc during operation. The push-block cover can also be fitted with an embedded sliding track (bearing). Figure 9 As shown, the rotating spray disc slides (made of stainless steel or copper sleeves) on the same principle as the track sliding of bearing 65. The rotating spray disc is mounted on the exhaust port outside the detonation beam blower exhaust chamber. In this way, the rotating spray disc replaces the function of the original sonic boom soot blower's spray wave assembly, performing the soot blowing function. This type of rotating spray disc in the detonation soot blower is used in the ash discharge port of cement kiln lines C1-C5 or in electrostatic precipitators, superheaters, or air preheaters in thermal power generation. The soot blowing process and power are consistent with the original sonic boom soot blower (the sonic boom soot blower is used on various types of evaporators and heat exchangers in waste heat boilers, while the detonation soot blower is used in cement kilns, waste boilers, or biomass furnaces). Thus, the two types of soot blowers are used in different locations.

[0054] like Figure 15As shown, the transmission mechanism of the rotating spray disc is designed with the following components: a gear device is embedded at the outer end of the transmission component, equipped with a micro motor. A gear device is also embedded at the extended end of the motor's rotating shaft. Driven by the motor, a coupling gear equipped with a speed-changing mechanism is coupled with the motor gear to perform circular motion. This allows the rotating spray disc to rotate 360 ​​degrees continuously, initiating the purging operation through the spray nozzle. The motor, coupling gear, and gears on the coupled motor constitute a gear-coupled actuator. The power supply end of the motor serves as the control end of the gear-coupled actuator. While some technologies employ buffer devices, this application utilizes beamforming equipment's beam compression technology, leveraging the beamforming's internal working principle, process structure, fluid dynamics, and physical mechanics principles to eject gas through the nozzle of the moving rotating spray disc. For example... Figure 15 As shown, this component structure is a rotating device. The entire component is fitted onto the beamformer outlet, which is equipped with a thrust bearing 65, or a sliding bushing or copper sleeve. It is primarily a moving mechanism, with the stationary component being the beamformer outlet and the sliding part being a rotating spray disc. The rotating spray disc has 4-6 nozzles 35, with the nozzles 35 oriented at a 90-degree angle to the beamformer outlet.

[0055] like Figure 11 and Figure 14 As shown, by rotating the spray disc and as... Figure 7 and Figure 6 The beamformer outlet shown is connected. The second end of the energy distribution chamber of the rotating spray disc is open and is sealed by a baffle plate during use.

[0056] like Figure 16 As shown, the rotating spray disc is connected to the beam output. The rotating spray disc includes a bearing 65, a transmission device 66, a spray disc outer cover 75, an inner distribution device 76, a rotating pressure cap 69, and a transmission gear 74. The distribution device 76 is located inside the spray disc outer cover 75. The inner distribution device 76 and the airflow channel of the spray disc outer cover 75 form a distribution chamber 70. Multiple rotating nozzles 68 are evenly distributed on the vertical plane along the central axis of the outer side wall of the spray disc outer cover 75. The rotating pressure cap 69 is fixed to the open end of one side of the spray disc outer cover 75 by connecting bolts 67 to close the spray disc outer cover 75. The cylindrical transmission device 66 is rotatably fitted onto the outlet end of the beam beam. One end of the cylindrical transmission device 66 is fixed to the side of the spray disc outer cover away from the rotating pressure cap, and the other end of the cylindrical transmission device 66 is fixed to the outer circumference of the bearing 65. The inner circumference of the bearing 65 is fixed to the outer side wall of the beam beam outlet end. The transmission gear 74 is fixed to the outer circumference of the bearing 65 and cooperates with the gear device on the transmission motor to drive the rotating spray disc to rotate. The cylindrical transmission device 66 has an inner main nozzle wire 72 fixed on its inner wall near the main nozzle opening 71. The inner distribution device 76 has an outer rotating spray disc wire 73 fixed symmetrically along the central axis on the side near the main nozzle opening. The transmission device 66 and the inner distribution device 76 are connected through the wire joint.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] To further increase the airflow velocity, a second pressurizing device is also included, which is connected to the first pressurizing device. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the second pressurization device includes a high-pressure gas tank (not shown). The output end 48 of the high-pressure gas tank outlet is connected to the output end guide tube of the beam beam assembly (first pressurization device), driving the power unit (turbo fan blades 47) inside the beam beam to also rotate at high speed. (If the power unit is designed to be pneumatically driven, the disadvantage is that there may be insufficient power, and the negative pressure may not meet the flow rate requirements of the sootblower, resulting in poor performance. The advantage is energy saving and power saving. Therefore, it is better to design it to use an electric motor as the power unit.)

[0059] The working principle of a beamformer: Simply put, the beamformer's power source is a device equipped with a turbofan booster. This structure can also operate using a motor with a turbine system (which increases power consumption costs, so a pressure tank outputting high-pressure gas is used instead). The turbofan blades rotate at high speed due to the high-pressure gas blowing, resulting in high-frequency mechanical rotation. Because the entire pipeline and components within the beamformer are connected to the overall boiler operating equipment, it operates as a negative pressure vacuum container (the internal negative pressure of the boiler is generally between -1000 Pa and -2000 Pa). The detonation soot blower is a sealed container, also a component of this equipment, and is also a vacuum container. The detonation sootblower utilizes mechanical kinetic energy to drive the turbine blades within the beamformer to rotate synchronously at high speeds, exceeding 2,000 revolutions per minute. This further reduces the vacuum level, which was initially in a vacuum state, under the power of the turbine blades. This drives a compression technique on the relative vacuum. When the power source is operating, the air pressure within the relative vacuum tube is carried away by the flow, further compressing and lowering the vacuum. The relative vacuum layer is then reduced to approximately -30,000 Pa, reaching a state of relative absolute vacuum. When the sootblower operates, the pulse valve opens instantaneously, increasing the absolute pressure difference between the high-intensity airflow and the relative absolute vacuum, generating ultra-high pressure. This ultra-high pressure impingement flow enters the absolute vacuum jet pipe, driving the airflow in the mixing chamber. The airflow is then ejected through the turbine airflow channel, further increasing the pressure in the mixing chamber. This increased pressure and acceleration further reaches absolute sonic speeds, reaching 8-9 times the speed of sound. After passing through the beamformer diffuser, the airflow enters the exhaust chamber and the rotating firing wave assembly. This design incorporates a Laval principle structural design for the firing assembly. The increased pressure difference creates a strong wave explosion source and a gas shock wave. The pressure difference leads to a speed exceeding the speed of sound, thus achieving the purpose of blowing away soot.

[0060] like Figure 7As shown, the high-pressure airflow, after being buffered by the nozzle, enters the first intake chamber 50 through the first intake port 49, and then proceeds to the first exhaust chamber 51. The process is as follows: the front half of the nozzle narrows towards the middle, forming a narrow throat. This narrow throat is the first mixing chamber 52. After being pressurized, the airflow forms a strong pressure and flows towards the first diffuser chamber 53. The pressure then enters the second exhaust chamber 54 at the tail end along with the high-pressure wave. The airflow entering the second exhaust chamber 54 is then directed towards the jet wave assembly to achieve the purpose of blowing away soot. This architecture utilizes the principle of fluid dynamics: the velocity changes with the change in the nozzle cross-sectional area, causing the airflow to accelerate from subsonic to sonic speeds, and eventually to supersonic speeds.

[0061] To provide a sonic boom soot blowing system for boilers, biomass boilers, and waste heat boilers with simple structure, efficient process, high control precision, strong effect, simple operation, low maintenance intensity, and applicable to various specifications and models of waste heat boilers, this invention is a sonic boom soot blower upgrade system (second version) for boiler waste heat power generation waste heat recovery and reuse (the first version is patented under patent number CN201910943409.X, named "Gas Energy Sonic Boom Shock Wave Soot Blowing Device"). In addition to the original structure, this system differs from the original sonic boom soot blowing system in that it has several different equipment components and individual independent structures. It includes a beamforming device, which comprises a Laval nozzle, a first pressurization device, a drive motor (also known as an actuator), and a controller. Compared to the original sonic boom soot blower structure, the structure before the buffer device is basically the same, while the structure after the buffer device is independent. After adding a sonic boom sootblower, if the sonic boom sootblower is equipped with the original spray gun and nozzle assembly of the original sonic boom shockwave sootblower device, it can also perform sootblowing work, but it can only be used on the heat exchange evaporator or superheater inside the boiler. If used on the feed pipe of a cement kiln or a waste or biomass kiln, the effect will not be significant. Both types of sootblowers utilize the Laval fluid dynamics principle. The sonic boomer is installed after the buffer device, and the sonic boomer assembly, rotating device, and spray plate assembly are all installed on the airflow pipeline network. The detonation sootblower adds a high-pressure gas generator to the front end of the sonic boomer assembly. The sonic boomer has high structural and manufacturing precision and a large sonic boomer effect. The internal components of the sonic boomer include a first inlet 49, a first nozzle 55, a first expansion chamber 56, a fourth mixing chamber 57, and a second exhaust chamber 54 (first diffuser intermediate chamber).

[0062] Another embodiment of this application is a detonation soot blower, including a detonation beam for soot removal.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] The detonation beam device for soot blowing includes a third pressurizing device and a first Laval nozzle. The input end of the third pressurizing device is connected to the output end of a high-pressure gas generator, and the output end of the third pressurizing device is connected to the front end of the first Laval nozzle. The rear end of the first Laval nozzle is connected to a projectile wave assembly. The high-pressure gas generator can refer to the relevant structure in existing gas-powered sonic boom shockwave soot blowing devices.

[0065] Example 7

[0066] The detonation beam device for dust removal includes a third pressurizing unit, a first Laval nozzle, and a second Laval nozzle connected in sequence. The third pressurizing unit can be an air compressor, a turbofan pressurizing unit, or a turbofan fan. The second Laval nozzle is used to connect to the firing beam assembly. The third pressurizing unit, the first Laval nozzle, and the second Laval nozzle form a sealed space.

[0067] Example 8

[0068] like Figure 8As shown, the detonation sootblower includes a detonation beam for cleaning, which includes a first Laval nozzle. The front end of the first Laval nozzle is connected to the output end of a high-pressure gas generator, and the rear end of the first Laval nozzle is connected to a shot wave assembly. It also includes a shot wave assembly and a high-pressure gas generator. The high-pressure gas generator includes an air compressor, a safety pressure regulating valve, a second control valve, a gas storage tank, and an energy release device. The shot wave assembly includes a rotating spray disc. Multiple energy release devices are included. The output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the gas storage tank. The gas storage tank is connected to a corresponding multi-layer energy release device via the safety pressure regulating valve and multiple second control valves. The energy release device is connected to the front end of the first Laval nozzle via an electromagnetic pulse valve. One output end of each electrical control device is connected to the control end of the electromagnetic pulse valve on each row of energy release devices. Different output ends of different electrical control devices are connected to the control ends of the electromagnetic pulse valves on each column of energy release devices. One output terminal of each electrical control device is connected to the control terminal of the gear-coupled actuator on the rotating spray disk connected to the rear end of the first Laval nozzle in each row. The control terminal is the power supply terminal of the motor. Different output terminals of different electrical control devices are connected to the control terminals of the gear-coupled actuators on the rotating spray disk connected to the beam beamer in each column. In some embodiments, the detonation soot blower for dust removal further includes a rotary spray disc 60 and a gear-coupled actuator 59. The output end of the air compressor 1 is connected to the air inlet of the storage tank 2 via a first manual valve 7. The storage tank is equipped with a first safety valve 13 and a first drain valve 14. The storage tank 2 is connected to the air dryer 23 via a second manual valve 8. A second pressure gauge 11 is connected to the pipeline connecting the second manual valve 8 and the air dryer 23. The air dryer 23 is connected to a third manual master valve 9 via a safety pressure regulating valve 4. The third manual master valve 9 is connected to each row of energy release devices 62 via each manual control ball valve 5. A third pressure gauge 12 is connected to the pipeline between the safety pressure regulating valve 4 and the third manual master valve 9. The output end of the third pressure gauge 12 is connected to the input end of the electrical instrumentation control device 3. The other output end of the storage tank 2 is connected to the second pressurization device 48 of the beam beam via a third manual valve 63. A fifth pressure gauge 64 is connected to the pipeline between the third manual valve 63 and the second pressurization device 48.

[0069] Example 9

[0070] The detonation soot blower includes a detonation beam for cleaning. The detonation beam for cleaning includes a first Laval nozzle. The front end of the first Laval nozzle is used to connect to the output end of a high-pressure gas generator, and the rear end of the first Laval nozzle is used to connect to a firing wave assembly. It also includes a projectile assembly; multiple first Laval nozzles; a high-pressure gas generator including an air compressor and a distributed gas collection tank; a projectile assembly including multiple sets of spray guns and nozzle assemblies; multiple distributed gas collection tanks; a high-pressure gas generator also including a safety pressure regulating valve and a gas storage tank; the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the gas storage tank; the gas storage tank is connected to multiple distributed gas collection tanks via the safety pressure regulating valve; each distributed gas collection tank includes multiple output pipelines; each distributed gas collection tank is connected to multiple solenoid valves; multiple solenoid valves are connected to the front end of the corresponding multiple first Laval nozzles via corresponding multiple output pipelines; the rear end of the multiple first Laval nozzles is connected to the front end of the corresponding multiple spray guns; each set of spray guns is equipped with a nozzle assembly, the nozzle assembly including multiple nozzles; the distributed gas collection tanks and multiple sets of spray guns adopt a time-division multiplexing operation mode; or / and the distributed gas collection tanks and multiple sets of spray guns adopt a superimposed time-division multiplexing operation mode.

Claims

1. A detonation beam detector for dust removal, characterized in that: It includes a first Laval nozzle, a first pressurizing device, a second Laval nozzle, and a second pressurizing device. The front end of the first Laval nozzle is used to connect to the output end of the high-pressure gas generator, the rear end of the first Laval nozzle is connected to the inlet end of the first pressurizing device, the front end of the second Laval nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the first pressurizing device, and the rear end of the second Laval nozzle is used to connect to the firing wave assembly. The second booster is connected to the air chamber of the first booster. The second booster includes a high-pressure gas tank, and the output end of the high-pressure gas tank is connected to the traction pipe led out from the first booster. The firing wave assembly includes a rotating spray disc, which includes an energy distribution assembly. An air inlet is provided at the front end of the energy distribution assembly, a hollow cavity communicating with the air inlet is provided in the middle of the energy distribution assembly, and a cavity communicating with the middle cavity is provided at the rear end of the energy distribution assembly. Multiple air distribution channels are arranged in a ring around the sidewall of the rear cavity, and nozzles are provided at the ends of the air distribution channels. The air inlet is rotatably mounted at the rear end of the first Laval nozzle.

2. The detonation beam wave generator for dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first booster device is a turbofan booster device or a turbofan fan.

3. The detonation beam wave generator for dust removal according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas generator is an air compressor.

4. A detonation beamer for dust removal, characterized in that: It includes a first Laval nozzle, a first pressurizing device, a second Laval nozzle, and a second pressurizing device. The front end of the first Laval nozzle is used to connect to the output end of the high-pressure gas generator, the rear end of the first Laval nozzle is connected to the inlet end of the first pressurizing device, the front end of the second Laval nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the first pressurizing device, and the rear end of the second Laval nozzle is used to connect to the firing wave assembly. The second booster is connected to the air chamber of the first booster. The second booster includes a high-pressure gas tank, and the output end of the high-pressure gas tank is connected to the traction pipe led out from the first booster. The shooting wave assembly includes multiple sets of spray guns and nozzle assemblies, multiple split air collection tanks, and also includes a safety pressure regulating valve and an air storage tank. The output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the air storage tank. The air storage tank is connected to multiple split air collection tanks via the safety pressure regulating valve. Each split air collection tank includes multiple output pipelines, and each split air collection tank is connected to multiple solenoid valves. Multiple solenoid valves are connected to the front ends of multiple first Laval nozzles via corresponding output pipes, and the rear ends of multiple first Laval nozzles are connected to the front ends of multiple spray guns. Each spray gun has a nozzle assembly, which includes multiple nozzles. The split air collection tank and multiple spray guns adopt a time-division multiplexing working mode, or the split air collection tank and multiple spray guns adopt a superimposed time-division multiplexing working mode.

5. A detonation beam generator for dust removal, characterized in that: It includes a first Laval nozzle, a first pressurizing device, a second Laval nozzle, and a second pressurizing device. The front end of the first Laval nozzle is used to connect to the output end of the high-pressure gas generator, the rear end of the first Laval nozzle is connected to the inlet end of the first pressurizing device, the front end of the second Laval nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the first pressurizing device, and the rear end of the second Laval nozzle is used to connect to the firing wave assembly. The second booster is connected to the air chamber of the first booster. The second booster includes a high-pressure gas tank, and the output end of the high-pressure gas tank is connected to the traction pipe led out from the first booster. The firing wave assembly includes a rotating spray disc, multiple energy storage release devices, an air compressor output connected to an air tank input, an air tank connected to a corresponding multi-layer energy storage release device via a safety pressure regulating valve and multiple second control valves, an energy storage release device connected to the front end of the first Laval nozzle via an electromagnetic pulse valve, an output of each electrical instrumentation and control device connected to the control end of the electromagnetic pulse valve on each row of energy storage release devices, different outputs of different electrical instrumentation and control devices connected to the control end of the electromagnetic pulse valve on each column of energy storage release devices, an output of each electrical instrumentation and control device connected to the control end of the gear coupling actuator on the rotating spray disc connected to the rear end of the first Laval nozzle on each row, and different outputs of different electrical instrumentation and control devices connected to the control end of the gear coupling actuator on the rotating spray disc connected to the detonation beam device for dust removal on each column.

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