A high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive production process and equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to a production process for the oil phase of a high-performance environmentally friendly emulsion explosive, which includes the slitting of the latex matrix, the solidification and transportation of granular raw materials, and the crushing of the solidified particles into powder. By first preliminarily slitting the latex matrix into granular form and then crushing the granular raw materials, the traditional method of powdering raw materials is replaced. On the one hand, it can effectively reduce the number of contacts between the raw materials and the agitator, ensure the forming effect of the emulsion explosive, and avoid causing great damage to the microstructure of the latex matrix by the traditional processing method. Thus, it solves the problem existing in the traditional processing technology of emulsion explosives that during the working process of solidifying and stirring the latex matrix and crushing it into powder, the latex matrix will be subjected to multiple mechanical actions of the agitator, resulting in great damage to the microstructure of the latex matrix, thereby affecting the forming effect of the emulsion explosive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of emulsion explosives, and particularly relates to a production process and equipment for high-performance environmentally friendly emulsion explosives. Background Art

[0002] Emulsion explosives are formed by the action of an emulsifier, which evenly disperses microdroplets of an oxidizer salt aqueous solution in an oil-phase continuous medium containing porous substances such as dispersed air bubbles or hollow glass microspheres to form a water-in-oil type emulsion explosive. The technology of powdered emulsion explosives is derived from colloidal emulsion explosives, and its characteristic is that its form is a powder substance. Its production process can be divided into three stages: preparation of the emulsion matrix, cooling and solidification of the emulsion matrix into powder, and packaging into commercial explosives. Among them, the cooling and powder-making process is a unique production process different from other industrial explosives and requires special tooling equipment, which is the focus of the research on the production process of powdered emulsion explosives.

[0003] The patent document with the patent number CN103408388B discloses a powdered emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive, which includes the following compositions mixed by mass percentage: ammonium nitrate 89-95, sodium nitrate 0-5.5, oil-phase material 3-5, alkyl imidazoline salt emulsifier 1.5-2.5, water 0.1-0.3; wherein, ammonium nitrate or a mixture of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate constitutes an oxidizer, and the oil-phase material and the alkyl imidazoline salt emulsifier constitute a combustible agent. Through emulsification, liquid-phase mixing, and spray drying, a uniform water-in-crystal explosive mixture is formed.

[0004] However, in the actual use process, the inventor found that the following problems often exist in the emulsion matrix of traditional emulsion explosives during the powder-making process:

[0005] During the working process of solidifying while stirring and crushing the emulsion matrix into powder, the emulsion matrix will be subjected to multiple mechanical actions of the stirrer. Although it is beneficial to the solidification of the emulsion matrix, it may cause greater damage to the microstructure of the emulsion matrix, thereby affecting the forming effect of the emulsion explosive. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art. By setting up a high-performance and environmentally friendly production process for emulsion explosives, including the slitting of latex matrix, the curing and transportation of granular raw materials, and the crushing of cured particles into powder, the traditional method of powdering raw materials is replaced. On the one hand, the number of contacts between the raw materials and the agitator can be effectively reduced, ensuring the forming effect of the emulsion explosive and avoiding significant damage to the microstructure of the latex matrix caused by the traditional processing method. Thus, the problem in the traditional processing technology of emulsion explosives is solved, that is, during the process of curing and stirring while crushing the latex matrix into powder, the latex matrix will be subjected to multiple mechanical actions of the agitator, resulting in significant damage to the microstructure of the latex matrix, thereby affecting the forming effect of the emulsion explosive.

[0007] For the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are adopted: A high-performance and environmentally friendly production process for emulsion explosives, wherein the emulsion explosive is composed of the following components mixed together: 85 - 88 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3 - 5 parts of water, 1 - 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 - 3 parts of emulsifier, 1 - 1.6 parts of rosin, 0.5 - 1 part of paraffin wax, 0.5 - 1 part of ozocerite, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 1 - 2 parts of plant wax;

[0008] The preparation process of the emulsion explosive includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Preparation of the oil phase. Mix and stir rosin, paraffin wax, ozocerite, plant wax, and emulsifier at a suitable temperature to form an oil-phase material;

[0010] Step 2: Preparation of the water phase. Dissolve ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate in water and stir evenly at a suitable temperature, then add a dispersant and stir to obtain the water phase;

[0011] Step 3: Preparation of the latex matrix. Mix and emulsify the oil-phase material obtained in Step 1 and the water-phase material obtained in Step 2 to obtain the latex matrix;

[0012] Step 4: Slitting of the latex matrix. After the pump feeding device pumps the latex matrix raw material into the inside of the extrusion mechanism, the extrusion mechanism extrudes the colloidal raw material into several strip-shaped colloids, and then they are cut into several particles by the cutting component;

[0013] Step 5: Curing and transportation of the granular raw materials. The particles in Step 4 above will enter the inside of the feeding mechanism. During the transportation inside the feeding mechanism, with the action of the cold air in the air supply component, the colloidal particles gradually solidify to form several solid granular raw materials, and are transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism;

[0014] Step Six: Crushing and pulverizing the solidified particles. The granular raw materials in Step Five are transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism for subsequent crushing and pulverizing work.

[0015] Preferably, the temperatures in Step One and Step Two are both 140 - 160°C.

[0016] Preferably, the emulsification temperature in Step Three is 140 - 155°C, the emulsification time is 1 - 3 min, and activated carbon is added before the end of emulsification, and mixed and stirred for 15 - 30 s.

[0017] Preferably, the maximum particle size of the pulverized material after crushing in Step Six does not exceed 500 µm. Preferably, the particle size of the pulverized material is 10 - 500 µm.

[0018] The present invention also provides a production device adapted to a high-performance environmental protection emulsified explosive production process, including:

[0019] A pump feeding device;

[0020] An extrusion mechanism, the extrusion mechanism is connected to the pump feeding device, the extrusion mechanism includes a storage pipe fitting connected to the pump feeding device, an extrusion assembly arranged inside the storage pipe fitting, and a cutting assembly arranged at the lower end of the extrusion assembly;

[0021] A feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism includes a vertical feeding pipe arranged opposite to the storage pipe fitting, a spiral feeding pipe connected to the vertical feeding pipe, and a blowing air assembly cooperating with the vertical feeding pipe and the spiral feeding pipe;

[0022] A crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is arranged outside the spiral feeding pipe, and it includes a crushing barrel body, a crushing assembly arranged inside the crushing barrel body, and a blowing air assembly connected to the crushing barrel body and used for blowing air into the inside of the crushing barrel body;

[0023] After the pump feeding device pumps the colloidal raw materials into the inside of the extrusion mechanism, the extrusion mechanism cooperates with the feeding mechanism to form several solid granular raw materials from the colloidal raw materials. Subsequently, these granular raw materials are transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism for subsequent crushing and pulverizing work.

[0024] Preferably, the storage pipe fitting includes a first half pipe communicated with the pump feeding device, a second half pipe arranged opposite to the first half pipe, and a connecting plate for connecting the first half pipe and the second half pipe;

[0025] The extrusion assembly includes:

[0026] An extrusion plate, the extrusion plate is fixedly arranged between the first half pipe and the second half pipe, and a plurality of groups of extrusion holes are opened on the extrusion plate;

[0027] A lower pressing plate, which is slidably arranged between the first half pipe and the second half pipe, and a blocking plate for blocking the feeding port of the first half pipe is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lower pressing plate;

[0028] A sealing plate, which is fixedly connected with the lower pressing plate and is slidably arranged between the first half pipe and the second half pipe;

[0029] A lifting unit, and a plurality of groups of lifting units for driving the lower pressing plate to lift are arranged at the lower end of the lower pressing plate.

[0030] Preferably, the cutting component includes:

[0031] Cutting pieces, and a plurality of the cutting pieces are respectively arranged corresponding to the extrusion holes one by one. Each cutting piece includes a fixed ring fixedly connected with the lower end of the extrusion plate and having a plurality of groups of sliding grooves opened along its circumferential direction, a sliding block slidably arranged inside the sliding groove and having a cutter fixedly connected to the other end thereof, and a rotating ring connecting the cutter and rotatably arranged at the lower end of the fixed ring;

[0032] A transmission part, which is used for driving a plurality of groups of the cutting pieces to work simultaneously. The transmission part includes a transmission gear fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotating ring, a plurality of intermediate gears rotatably arranged at the lower end of the extrusion plate and used for driving a plurality of transmission gears to rotate simultaneously, and a transmission rack transmissionally arranged with one of the intermediate gears;

[0033] A driving part, which includes a telescopic unit fixedly connected with the transmission rack and a sensor connected to the other end of the transmission rack and in point contact with the transmission rack. The sensor is coupled with the lifting unit.

[0034] Preferably, a plurality of feeding holes corresponding to the extrusion holes one by one are opened inside the vertical feeding pipe and the spiral feeding pipe, and the inner diameter of the feeding holes is larger than that of the extrusion holes.

[0035] Preferably, the air supply component includes an air supply device, a plurality of groups of air supply pipes corresponding to the feeding holes and respectively connected with the air supply device, and a plurality of air supply ports connected to the air supply pipes and having the other ends extending into the feeding holes. The plurality of air supply ports can blow the granular raw materials along the internal paths of the vertical feeding pipe and the spiral feeding pipe.

[0036] Preferably, an annular baffle is arranged at the position of the crushing barrel corresponding to the end of the spiral feeding pipe, at least one partition plate is arranged at the upper end of the annular baffle, and a plurality of through holes for the crushed raw materials to pass through are opened on the partition plate;

[0037] The crushing assembly includes a driving unit fixedly arranged at the lower end of the annular baffle and a number of stirring rods connected to the driving unit and arranged at the upper end of the annular baffle or the partition plate.

[0038] A filter screen is further arranged inside the crushing barrel body at the upper end of the uppermost partition plate.

[0039] Advantages of the present invention:

[0040] (1) In the present invention, the powdered emulsion explosive includes the following processes: cutting of the latex matrix, curing and transportation of granular raw materials, and crushing of the cured particles into powder. By first preliminarily cutting the latex matrix into granules and then crushing the granular raw materials, the traditional raw material powdering method is replaced. On the one hand, it can effectively reduce the number of contacts between the raw materials and the stirrer, ensure the forming effect of the emulsion explosive, and avoid great damage to the microstructure of the latex matrix caused by the traditional processing method. On the other hand, directly crushing the granular raw materials, compared with the traditional method of crushing massive raw materials, improves the powdering efficiency of the latex matrix, and further improves the production efficiency of the emulsion explosive, thus solving the problem that in the traditional emulsion explosive processing technology, during the processes of curing with stirring and crushing into powder of the latex matrix, it will be subjected to multiple mechanical actions of the stirrer, causing great damage to the microstructure of the latex matrix, thereby affecting the forming effect of the emulsion explosive. And the present invention, through optimized technological steps and formula components, uses high-energy explosive components, enables the emulsion explosive to have higher explosive power and effect, reduces or eliminates the toxic and harmful components used in the preparation of traditional explosives, reduces environmental pollution, and improves the stability of the emulsion explosive by adding stabilizers, reducing the risk of accidental explosion;

[0041] (2) In the present invention, by setting a material extrusion mechanism, a material feeding mechanism, and a crushing mechanism, after the pump feeding device pumps the colloidal raw materials into the interior of the material extrusion mechanism, the material extrusion mechanism extrudes the colloidal raw materials into several strip-shaped colloidal substances, and then they are cut into several particulate matters by the cutting component. During the transportation of the particulate matters inside the material feeding mechanism, under the action of the cold air in the air supply component, the colloidal particulate matters are gradually cured to form several solid granular raw materials, and then these granular raw materials are transported into the interior of the crushing mechanism for subsequent crushing and powdering work. Compared with the traditional method of crushing massive raw materials, it improves the powdering efficiency of the latex matrix, and further improves the production efficiency of the emulsion explosive;

[0042] (3) In the present invention, by providing an extrusion mechanism including a storage pipe fitting, an extrusion assembly, and a cutting assembly, after the raw material is transported from the pumping device to the inside of the storage pipe fitting, the lifting unit operates and drives the lower pressing plate to descend and press against the raw material. The lower pressing plate needs to work intermittently during the process of extruding the raw material. After the lower pressing plate extrudes a small part of the raw material from the lower end of the extrusion plate, the lifting unit pauses. At this time, the telescopic unit operates and drives multiple cutting blades in the cutting member to work simultaneously through the transmission member, thereby cutting all the raw materials protruding from the extrusion plate. After the telescopic unit resets, the sensor will receive a working signal and continue to control the lifting unit to work. In this way, it can achieve successive cutting of the strip-shaped raw material when extruding the raw material into a strip, making the cut raw material into granular form, facilitating subsequent processing of the granular raw material. At the same time, the device has a clever structure, high automation degree, and is easy to use;

[0043] (4) In the present invention, by providing a feeding mechanism including a vertical feeding pipe, a spiral feeding pipe, and a blowing component, the cut granular raw material will fall into the inside of the vertical feeding pipe and cooperate with the blowing component. The granular raw material inside the vertical feeding pipe will be subjected to an upward blowing force from the blowing component, thereby reducing the falling speed of the granular raw material. At the same time, while the cold air blows on the surface of the raw material, the outer surface of the granular raw material is gradually solidified. During the process of the granular raw material entering the spiral feeding pipe from the vertical feeding pipe and moving inside the spiral feeding pipe, the raw material with a solidified outer surface will not adhere to the inner wall of the spiral feeding pipe. And under the drive of the blowing component, the granular raw material will act with the cold air for a long time inside the spiral feeding pipe, and finally only the raw material with a solidified outer surface becomes a completely solidified state. The completely solidified raw material will continue to move along the spiral feeding pipe and finally enter the inside of the crushing barrel, facilitating subsequent processing of the granular raw material.

[0044] In summary, the equipment has the advantages of good forming effect and high working efficiency, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of emulsion explosives. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the production process of the high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the production equipment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the production equipment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the material extrusion mechanism.

[0050] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the material extrusion mechanism.

[0051] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position A in

[0052] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the material extrusion mechanism from another perspective.

[0053] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the material cutting component.

[0054] Figure 9 Planar structure schematic diagram of the material cutting component.

[0055] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the material cutting part.

[0056] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the material feeding mechanism.

[0057] Figure 12 It is Figure 2 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position B in

[0058] Figure 13 Transverse sectional structure schematic diagram of the vertical material feeding pipe.

[0059] Figure 14 It is Figure 13 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position C in

[0060] Figure 15 Vertical sectional structure schematic diagram of the vertical material feeding pipe.

[0061] Figure 16 It is Figure 15 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position D in

[0062] Figure 17 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism.

[0063] Figure 18 It is Figure 17 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position E in

[0064] Figure 19 Another cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism. Specific implementation manners

[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] Embodiment 1

[0067] Reference Figure 1 , a production process of high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive, the emulsion explosive is mixed by the following components: 85-88 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3-5 parts of water, 1-3 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-3 parts of emulsifier, 1-1.6 parts of rosin, 0.5-1 part of paraffin wax, 0.5-1 part of ozocerite, 0.5-1.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 1-2 parts of plant wax;

[0068] The preparation process of the emulsion explosive includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Preparation of the oil phase. Rosin, paraffin wax, ozocerite, plant wax and emulsifier are mixed and stirred at a suitable temperature to form an oil phase material;

[0070] Step 2: Preparation of the water phase. Ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and sodium dodecyl sulfate are dissolved in water and stirred evenly at a suitable temperature, and then a dispersant is added and stirred to obtain a water phase;

[0071] Step 3: Preparation of the latex matrix. The oil phase material prepared in Step 1 is mixed and emulsified with the water phase material prepared in Step 2 to obtain a latex matrix;

[0072] Step 4: Cutting of the latex matrix. After the pump feeding device 1 pumps the latex matrix raw material into the inside of the extrusion mechanism 2, the extrusion mechanism 2 extrudes the colloidal raw material into several strip-shaped colloids, and then is cut into several particles by the cutting component 23;

[0073] Step 5: Curing and transportation of the granular raw material. The particles in Step 4 above will enter the inside of the feeding mechanism 3. During the transportation inside the feeding mechanism 3, with the action of the cold air in the air supply component 33, the colloidal particles are gradually cured to form several solid granular raw materials, and are transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism 4;

[0074] Step 6: Crushing and powdering of the cured particles. The granular raw material in Step 5 is transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism 4 for subsequent crushing and powdering work;

[0075] The temperatures in Step 1 and Step 2 are both 140-160 °C;

[0076] The emulsification temperature in Step 3 is 140-155 °C, the emulsification time is 1-3 min, and activated carbon is added before the end of emulsification, and mixed and stirred for 15-30 s;

[0077] In Step 6, the maximum particle size of the pulverized powder after being broken does not exceed 500 µm. Preferably, the particle size of the powder is 10 - 500 µm.

[0078] In this embodiment, by setting up the processes of latex matrix cutting, curing and transporting granular raw materials, and crushing the cured particles into powder, the traditional method of raw material powdering is replaced. First, the latex matrix is preliminarily cut into granules, and then the granular raw materials are crushed. On the one hand, the contact times between the raw materials and the stirrer can be effectively reduced, ensuring the forming effect of the emulsion explosive and avoiding significant damage to the microstructure of the latex matrix by the traditional processing method. On the other hand, directly crushing the granular raw materials improves the powdering efficiency of the latex matrix compared with the traditional method of crushing massive raw materials, thus improving the production efficiency of the emulsion explosive.

[0079] Meanwhile, the emulsion explosive prepared by the method of the present invention not only retains the advantages of highly dispersed powdered ammonium fuel oil explosive, but also has significantly improved explosion performance, good water resistance and storage performance, and a simple manufacturing method, excellent process performance, and is suitable for industrial mass production.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] As Figures 2 - 3 shown, the present invention also provides a production device adapted to a high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive production process, including:

[0082] A pump feeding device 1;

[0083] An extrusion mechanism 2, the extrusion mechanism 2 is connected to the pump feeding device 1, the extrusion mechanism 2 includes a storage pipe fitting 21 connected to the pump feeding device 1, an extrusion assembly 22 arranged inside the storage pipe fitting 21, and a cutting assembly 23 arranged at the lower end of the extrusion assembly 22;

[0084] A feeding mechanism 3, the feeding mechanism 3 includes a vertical feeding pipe 31 arranged opposite to the storage pipe fitting 21, a spiral feeding pipe 32 connected to the vertical feeding pipe 31, and a blowing air assembly 33 cooperating with the vertical feeding pipe 31 and the spiral feeding pipe 32;

[0085] A crushing mechanism 4, the crushing mechanism 4 is arranged outside the spiral feeding pipe 32, and includes a crushing barrel body 41, a crushing assembly 42 arranged inside the crushing barrel body 41, and a blowing air assembly 43 connected to the crushing barrel body 41 and used for blowing air into the inside of the crushing barrel body 41;

[0086] After the pumping device 1 pumps the colloidal raw material into the inside of the material extrusion mechanism 2, the material extrusion mechanism 2 cooperates with the feeding mechanism 3 to form several solid granular raw materials from the colloidal raw material. Subsequently, these granular raw materials are transported into the inside of the crushing mechanism 4 for subsequent crushing and powdering work.

[0087] In this embodiment, by setting the material extrusion mechanism 2 to cooperate with the feeding mechanism 3 and the crushing mechanism 4, after the pumping device 1 pumps the colloidal raw material into the inside of the material extrusion mechanism 2, the material extrusion mechanism 2 extrudes the colloidal raw material into several strip-shaped colloids, and then they are cut into several particulate matters by the cutting component 23. During the transportation of the particulate matters inside the feeding mechanism 3, under the action of the cold air in the air supply component 33, the colloidal particulate matters are gradually solidified to form several solid granular raw materials. Subsequently, these granular raw materials are transported into the inside of the crushing mechanism 4 for subsequent crushing and powdering work. Compared with the traditional method of crushing block raw materials, the powdering efficiency of the latex matrix is improved, and thus the production efficiency of the emulsion explosive is increased.

[0088] It should be noted that the pumping device 1 in the present invention is a prior art, and its specific structure will not be elaborated here.

[0089] Further, as Figures 4 - 7 shown, the storage pipe fitting 21 includes a first half pipe 211 communicated with the pumping device 1, a second half pipe 212 oppositely arranged with the first half pipe 211, and a connecting plate 213 for connecting the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212;

[0090] The material extrusion component 22 includes:

[0091] An extrusion plate 221, the extrusion plate 221 is fixedly arranged between the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212, and a plurality of groups of extrusion holes 2211 are formed on the extrusion plate 221;

[0092] A lower pressing plate 222, the lower pressing plate 222 is slidably arranged between the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212, and a blocking plate 223 for blocking the feeding port of the first half pipe 211 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lower pressing plate 222;

[0093] A sealing plate 224, the sealing plate 224 is fixedly connected with the lower pressing plate 222 and the sealing plate 224 is slidably arranged between the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212;

[0094] A lifting unit 225, several groups of lifting units 225 for driving the lower pressing plate 222 to lift are arranged at the lower end of the lower pressing plate 222.

[0095] In this embodiment, by arranging the material storage pipe fitting 21 to cooperate with the material extrusion assembly 22, the strip extrusion work for the colloidal raw material is realized, which is convenient for subsequent processing.

[0096] Specifically, after the raw material is conveyed from the pump feeding device 1 to the inside of the material storage pipe fitting 21, the lifting unit 225 works to drive the lower pressing plate 222 to descend and press against the raw material. After the raw material is extruded between the lower pressing plate 222 and the extrusion plate 221, it will flow out from the extrusion holes 2211 in the extrusion plate 221 and form several strip-shaped colloids. In order to ensure that during the descent of the lower pressing plate 222, the latex matrix in the pump feeding device 1 will not continue to be output to the upper end of the lower pressing plate 222, a blocking plate 223 can be arranged on the lower pressing plate 222. The blocking plate 223 will follow the lower pressing plate 222 to descend and block the discharge port of the pump feeding device 1. Therefore, the height of the blocking plate 223 needs to be greater than the descending height of the lower pressing plate 222.

[0097] It should be noted that the lifting unit 225 can be a hydraulic cylinder;

[0098] In order to ensure that the latex matrix will not overflow from the gap between the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212, a blocking plate 223 connected to the lower pressing plate 222 is arranged between the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212. At the same time, the blocking plate 223 is slidably connected to the first half pipe 211 or the second half pipe 212. For this purpose, sliding grooves matched with the blocking plate 223 are respectively opened on the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212;

[0099] Among them, the connecting plate 213 is arranged on the outer sides of the lower ends of the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212 and is used to fix the first half pipe 211 and the second half pipe 212, and the connecting plate 213 will not interfere with the lower pressing plate 222.

[0100] Furthermore, as Figures 7 - 10 shown, the cutting component 23 includes:

[0101] Cutting members 231, several of the cutting members 231 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the extrusion holes 2211, and each cutting member 231 includes a fixed ring 2311 fixedly connected to the lower end of the extrusion plate 221 and having a plurality of groups of sliding grooves 23111 opened along its circumferential direction, a sliding block 2313 slidably arranged inside the sliding grooves 23111 and having the other end fixedly connected with a cutting knife 2312, and a rotating ring 2314 connecting the cutting knife 2312 and rotatably arranged at the lower end of the fixed ring 2311;

[0102] The transmission member 232 is used to drive several groups of the cutting members 231 to work simultaneously. It includes a transmission gear 2321 fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotating ring 2314, several intermediate gears 2322 rotatably arranged at the lower end of the extrusion plate 221 and used to drive a plurality of transmission gears 2321 to rotate simultaneously, and a transmission rack 2323 in transmission connection with one of the intermediate gears 2322;

[0103] The driving member 233 includes a telescopic unit 2331 fixedly connected to the transmission rack 2323 and a sensor 2332 connected to the other end of the transmission rack 2323 and in point contact with the transmission rack 2323. The sensor 2332 is coupled to the lifting unit 225.

[0104] In this embodiment, by arranging the material storage pipe member 21, the material extrusion assembly 22 and the material cutting assembly 23, it is possible to successively cut the strip-shaped raw material when extruding the raw material into a strip, so that the cut raw material becomes granular, which is convenient for subsequent processing of the granular raw material.

[0105] Specifically, the lower pressing plate 222 needs to work intermittently during the process of extruding the raw material to cooperate with the material extrusion assembly 22. After the lower pressing plate 222 extrudes a small part of the long strip from the lower end of the extrusion plate 221, the lifting unit 225 pauses working. At this time, the telescopic unit 2331 works and drives the transmission rack 2323 to move, thereby driving the intermediate gear 2322 engaged with it to rotate. After the intermediate gear 2322 rotates, it will continue to drive other transmission gears 2321 to rotate or drive the remaining transmission gears 2321 to rotate through other intermediate gears 2322. When all the transmission gears 2321 rotate, they will drive the rotating ring 2314 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating ring 2314 will cause the sliding block 2313 to move inside the sliding groove 23111, thereby driving a plurality of cutting knives 2312 to contract inward simultaneously and completely cut the extruded raw material. The cut raw material will fall downward under the action of gravity and enter the next process. After the cutting member 231 completes the cutting work, the telescopic unit 2331 will control the transmission rack 2323 to reset, thereby driving a plurality of cutting knives 2312 to reset. After the transmission rack 2323 drives the sensor 2332 to reset, the sensor 2332 will send a signal to the lifting unit 225 and cause the lifting unit 225 to work again for a short distance, and repeat the above work.

[0106] It should be noted that the telescopic unit 2331 in the present invention can be a telescopic cylinder, and the sensor 2332 can be a contact sensor. After the transmission rack 2323 drives the sensor 2332 to reset, the sensor 2332 will contact the induction receiving element and send a signal for the next work to the lifting unit 225;

[0107] Compared with using a cutting knife that fits the size of the extrusion plate 221 for cutting, the advantage of the above-mentioned cutting method is that when using a large cutting knife to cut all the raw materials at the same time, since the raw materials are in a latex state, during the cutting process, some raw materials may adhere to the cutting knife and will not fall down. Therefore, it is preferred to use multiple small cutting parts 231 that fit each extrusion hole 2211 to cut the latex matrix. Moreover, by arranging multiple cutting blades 2312 in the cutting part 231 to cut the latex matrix simultaneously, it can be ensured that the cut raw materials will not adhere to the cutting blades 2312, thus ensuring that each cutting can smoothly cut the raw materials completely.

[0108] Furthermore, as Figures 11 - 16 shown, a number of feeding holes 311 corresponding to the extrusion holes 2211 one by one are provided inside the vertical feeding pipe 31 and the spiral feeding pipe 32, and the inner diameter of the feeding holes 311 is larger than the inner diameter of the extrusion holes 2211;

[0109] The air supply assembly 33 includes an air supply device 331, a number of air supply pipes 332 corresponding to the feeding holes 311 and respectively connected to the air supply device 331, and a number of air supply ports 333 connected to the air supply pipes 332 and with the other ends extending into the feeding holes 311. The number of air supply ports 333 can blow the granular raw materials along the internal paths of the vertical feeding pipe 31 and the spiral feeding pipe 32.

[0110] In this embodiment, by arranging the vertical feeding pipe 31, the spiral feeding pipe 32 and the air supply assembly 33 in cooperation, the cut granular raw materials will fall inside the vertical feeding pipe 31, and in cooperation with the air supply assembly 33, the granular raw materials will be gradually solidified. The completely solidified raw materials will continue to move along the spiral feeding pipe 32 and finally enter the inside of the crushing barrel 41, which is convenient for subsequent processing work on the granular raw materials.

[0111] Specifically, the initial end of the spiral feeding pipe 32 is connected to the vertical feeding pipe 31. The end of the spiral feeding pipe 32 is arranged inside the crushing barrel body 41 and is vertically upward. The granular raw materials falling inside the vertical feeding pipe 31 will be subjected to an upward blowing force from the air supply assembly 33. At this time, the air supply device 331 will send cold air along the air supply pipe 332 to a plurality of air supply ports 333, and the cold air will blow out from the air supply ports 333. The air supply ports 333 inside the vertical feeding pipe 31 are all inclined upward. Therefore, the raw materials will be subjected to an upward wind force, thereby reducing the falling speed of the granular raw materials. At the same time, while the cold air blows on the surface of the raw materials, the outer surface of the granular raw materials is gradually solidified. During the process when the granular raw materials enter the spiral feeding pipe 32 from the vertical feeding pipe 31 and move inside the spiral feeding pipe 32, the raw materials with solidified outer surfaces will not adhere to the inner wall of the spiral feeding pipe 32. And under the continuous drive of the air supply assembly 33, the granular raw materials will act with the cold air for a long time inside the spiral feeding pipe 32, and finally only the raw materials with solidified outer surfaces become completely solidified. At the same time, the air outlet inside the spiral feeding pipe 32 is also inclined along the extending direction of the spiral feeding pipe 32, so that the granular raw materials are suspended and conveyed forward as much as possible inside the spiral feeding pipe 32.

[0112] It should be noted that the vertical feeding pipe 31 is also provided with a chute matching the plugging plate 223 at the position corresponding to the plugging plate 223, so that when the lower pressing plate 222 drives the plugging plate 223 to descend, the plugging plate 223 can enter the inside of the vertical feeding pipe 31;

[0113] The air supply device 331 needs to control various process parameters such as the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the cold air.

[0114] Furthermore, as Figures 17 - 19 shown, the crushing barrel body 41 is provided with an annular baffle 411 at the position corresponding to the end of the spiral feeding pipe 32. At least one partition plate 412 is arranged at the upper end of the annular baffle 411, and a plurality of through holes 4121 for the crushed raw materials to pass through are formed on the partition plate 412;

[0115] The crushing assembly 42 includes a driving unit 421 fixedly arranged at the lower end of the annular baffle 411 and a plurality of groups of stirring rods 422 connected to the driving unit 421 and arranged at the upper end of the annular baffle 411 or the partition plate 412;

[0116] A filter screen is further arranged inside the crushing barrel body 41 at the upper end of the uppermost partition plate 412;

[0117] The blast component 43 includes a blast unit 431 and a blast pipe 432 connected to the blast unit 431 and extending into the interior of the crushing barrel 41. The blast pipe 432 is used to blow air annularly into the interior of the crushing barrel 41.

[0118] In this embodiment, by arranging the crushing component 42 and the powder-forming component, granular raw materials can be crushed into different particle sizes as required, so that operators can distinguish and use them according to granular explosives of different sizes.

[0119] Specifically, after the fully cured raw materials continue to move along the spiral feeding pipe 32 and enter the interior of the crushing barrel 41, the blast unit 431 operates to convey high-pressure gas into the blast pipe 432. The high-pressure gas is conveyed between the annular baffle 411 and the partition plate 412 and spirally surrounds the inner wall of the crushing barrel 41, thereby driving the granular raw materials to first suspend between the annular baffle 411 and the partition plate 412. Subsequently, the driving unit 421 operates to drive the stirring rod 422 to rotate and mechanically collide with the suspended raw materials, so that the granular raw materials are crushed. The raw materials with particle sizes smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 4121 in the partition plate 412 will pass through the through hole 4121 and enter the next crushing process. The raw materials with larger particle sizes will continue to be crushed between the annular baffle 411 and the partition plate 412. When the particles pass through the through hole 4121 and reach the uppermost partition plate 412, at this time, with the further crushing of the particles, only the powdered particles will pass through the filter screen and be collected for use.

[0120] It should be noted that due to the mechanochemical effect during the mechanical crushing process, compared with the spray powder-forming method, the particle size of the product obtained by the mechanical crushing and powder-forming method can be increased a lot. Its powder particle size is 25 - 500 µm. The larger particle size can obtain a higher charge density on the premise of ensuring the initiation sensitivity, which is beneficial to the exertion of the explosion performance. Therefore, in this embodiment, by collecting granular explosives of different sizes separately, it is convenient for operators to distinguish and use them according to granular explosives of different sizes;

[0121] In this embodiment, two groups of partition plates 412 are provided. Stirring rods 422 and blast pipes 432 for suspending particles are provided between the annular baffle 411 and the lower partition plate 412, between the two partition plates 412, and between the upper partition plate 412 and the filter screen. The blast unit 431 needs to control various process parameters such as the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the compressed air to ensure that the particles maintain a certain suspension time.

[0122] Embodiment Three

[0123] Such as Figure 2As shown, components that are the same as or corresponding to those in the first embodiment are denoted by corresponding reference numerals in the first embodiment. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below. The differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment are as follows:

[0124] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, on the outer side of the crushing barrel body 41, a raw material collecting device 5 is provided corresponding to the upper end of each partition plate 412 or the filter screen, and a plurality of cyclone separators 6 are further provided at the rear end of the raw material collecting device 5.

[0125] It is worth mentioning that by providing the raw material collecting device 5 and the cyclone separator 6, it is possible to collect raw materials with different particle sizes after crushing and perform gas-solid separation on the collected raw materials.

[0126] Specifically, taking this embodiment as an example, two groups of partition plates 412 are provided in this embodiment. A raw material collecting device 5 is provided between the two layers of partition plates 412, between the upper partition plate 412 and the filter screen, and at the upper end of the filter screen. Two groups of cyclone separators 6 are respectively provided at the rear end of the raw material collecting device 5. After the raw materials with different particle sizes are collected by the raw material collecting device 5, they will enter the interior of the cyclone separator 6 for gas-solid separation, so as to achieve the final powder forming effect;

[0127] An inhalation device may be provided in the raw material collecting device 5 to inhale the raw materials inside the crushing barrel body 41 into the interior of the raw material collecting device 5. When the inhalation device is working, the raw material collecting device 5 will be connected to the crushing barrel body 41 and the crushing assembly 42 will pause working. This raw material collecting device 5 is a prior art, and its specific structure will not be elaborated here.

[0128] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front and back", "left and right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0129] Of course, in this technical solution, those skilled in the art should understand that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more". That is, in one embodiment, the number of one element may be one, while in other embodiments, the number of this element may be multiple. The term "one" should not be construed as a limitation on the number.

[0130] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any change or replacement that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art of this technology under the technical disclosure of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-performance environmentally friendly emulsion explosive production device, characterized in that the material extrusion mechanism is connected to the material pumping device. The material extrusion mechanism includes a storage pipe fitting connected to the material pumping device, a material extrusion component arranged inside the storage pipe fitting, and a material cutting component arranged at the lower end of the material extrusion component; a material feeding mechanism, which includes a vertical material feeding pipe arranged opposite to the storage pipe fitting, a spiral material feeding pipe connected to the vertical material feeding pipe, and a air supply component cooperating with the vertical material feeding pipe and the spiral material feeding pipe; a crushing mechanism, which is arranged outside the spiral material feeding pipe and includes a crushing barrel body, a crushing component arranged inside the crushing barrel body, and a air blowing component connected to the crushing barrel body and used to supply wind force to the inside of the crushing barrel body; After the material pumping device pumps the colloidal raw material into the material extrusion mechanism, the material extrusion mechanism cooperates with the material feeding mechanism to form several solid granular raw materials from the colloidal raw material. Subsequently, these granular raw materials are transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism for subsequent crushing and powder making work; The preparation process of the high-performance environmentally friendly emulsion explosive production device, the emulsion explosive is mixed by the following components: 85 - 88 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3 - 5 parts of water, 1 - 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 - 3 parts of emulsifier, 1 - 1.6 parts of rosin, 0.5 - 1 part of paraffin wax, 0.5 - 1 part of ceresin wax, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 1 - 2 parts of plant wax; The preparation process of the emulsion explosive includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of the oil phase, mixing and stirring rosin, paraffin wax, ceresin wax, plant wax and emulsifier at a suitable temperature to form an oil phase material; Step 2: Preparation of the water phase, dissolving ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate in water, stirring evenly at a suitable temperature, and then adding a dispersant and stirring to obtain the water phase; Step 3: Preparation of the latex matrix, mixing and emulsifying the oil phase material obtained in Step 1 and the water phase material obtained in Step 2 to obtain the latex matrix; Step 4: Cutting of the latex matrix, after the material pumping device pumps the latex matrix raw material into the material extrusion mechanism, the material extrusion mechanism extrudes the colloidal raw material into several strip-shaped colloids, and then they are cut into several particles by the material cutting component; Step 5: Solidification and transportation of the granular raw material, the particles in the above Step 4 will enter the inside of the material feeding mechanism. During the transportation inside the material feeding mechanism, with the action of the cold air in the air supply component, the colloidal particles gradually solidify and form several solid granular raw materials, and are transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism; Step 6: Crushing and powder making of the solidified particles, the granular raw material in Step 5 is transported to the inside of the crushing mechanism for subsequent crushing and powder making work.

2. The high-performance and environmentally friendly emulsion explosive production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage pipe fitting includes a first half pipe communicated with the material pumping device, a second half pipe arranged opposite to the first half pipe, and a connecting plate for connecting the first half pipe and the second half pipe; The material extrusion component includes: an extrusion plate, the extrusion plate is fixedly arranged between the first half pipe and the second half pipe, and several groups of extrusion holes are opened on the extrusion plate; Lower pressing plate, the lower pressing plate is slidably arranged between the first half pipe and the second half pipe, and a sealing plate for blocking the feeding port of the first half pipe is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lower pressing plate; Sealing plate, the sealing plate is fixedly connected with the lower pressing plate and the sealing plate is slidably arranged between the first half pipe and the second half pipe; Lifting unit, several groups of lifting units for driving the lower pressing plate to lift are arranged at the lower end of the lower pressing plate.

3. The high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive production equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting component includes: Cutting pieces, several cutting pieces are respectively arranged corresponding to the extrusion holes one by one, and each cutting piece includes a fixed ring fixedly connected to the lower end of the extrusion plate and having several groups of sliding grooves opened along its circumferential direction, a sliding block slidably arranged inside the sliding groove and having a cutter fixedly connected to the other end, and a rotating ring connecting the cutter and rotatably arranged at the lower end of the fixed ring; Transmission parts, the transmission parts are used to drive several groups of cutting pieces to work simultaneously, and it includes a transmission gear fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotating ring, several intermediate gears rotatably arranged at the lower end of the extrusion plate and used to drive a plurality of transmission gears to rotate simultaneously, and a transmission rack in transmission connection with one of the intermediate gears; Driving part, the driving part includes a telescopic unit fixedly connected with the transmission rack and a sensor connected to the other end of the transmission rack and in point contact with the transmission rack, and the sensor is coupled with the lifting unit.

4. A high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive production device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of feeding holes corresponding to the extrusion holes one by one are opened inside the vertical feeding pipe and the spiral feeding pipe, and the inner diameter of the feeding holes is larger than the inner diameter of the extrusion holes.

5. The production equipment of a high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air supply component includes an air supply device, several groups of air supply pipes corresponding to the feeding holes and respectively connected with the air supply device, and several air supply ports connected to the air supply pipes and having the other ends extending into the feeding holes, and the several air supply ports can blow the granular raw materials along the internal paths of the vertical feeding pipe and the spiral feeding pipe.

6. The high-performance and environmentally friendly emulsion explosive production equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, An annular baffle is arranged at the position of the crushing barrel corresponding to the end of the spiral feeding pipe, at least one partition plate is arranged at the upper end of the annular baffle, and several through holes for the crushed raw materials to pass through are opened on the partition plate; The crushing component includes a driving unit fixedly arranged at the lower end of the annular baffle and several groups of stirring rods connected with the driving unit and arranged at the upper end of the annular baffle or the partition plate; A filter screen is also arranged inside the crushing barrel at the upper end of the uppermost partition plate.

7. A high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperatures in the first step and the second step are both 140 - 160 °C.

8. A high-performance environmental protection emulsion explosive production device according to claim 1, characterized in that The emulsification temperature in the third step is 140 - 155 °C, the emulsification time is 1 - 3 min, and activated carbon is added before the end of emulsification, and mixed and stirred for 15 - 30 s.

9. The production equipment for a high-performance environment-friendly emulsion explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that The maximum particle size of the crushed powder in the sixth step does not exceed 500 µm.

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