An assembled slope protection brick and a device and method for cleaning oil stains thereof
By combining prefabricated slope protection bricks with a cleaning device, high-pressure water guns and fluorinated surfactant solutions are used to achieve efficient cleaning of oil stains on slope protection bricks, solving the problems of high cleaning costs and pollution, and achieving environmental protection and energy saving.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NORTHEAST GASOLINEEUM UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing slope protection bricks are difficult to clean efficiently after absorbing oil, and traditional methods are costly, easily pollute soil and water, and are not convenient for oil separation and recycling.
The oil-absorbing concrete blocks, made of prefabricated slope protection bricks, are combined with a cleaning device consisting of embedded bolts, hinges and hinge accessories, telescopic rods and oil-absorbing cloths. High-pressure water guns and a mixed aqueous solution of fluorinated surfactants are used for cleaning, separating oil and water and reducing soil pollution.
It achieves efficient cleaning of slope protection bricks, reduces cleaning costs, reduces soil and water pollution, and has good environmental protection and energy-saving effects, with a cleaning solution degradation rate of over 99%.
Smart Images
Figure CN117403596B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The technical solutions disclosed herein are applied to the field of building materials, specifically relating to a device and method for adsorbing and removing oil pollution from river and lake slopes. Background Technology
[0002] To address my country's soil erosion problem and improve environmental functions and restore damaged ecological environments, the construction of sponge cities is in full swing. As shown in CN 116217169 A, permeable concrete for slope protection and ecological concrete have been developed by technicians.
[0003] As slope protection bricks capable of absorbing pollutants are continuously developed, a new technical problem arises: how to clean these bricks after they have absorbed oil and other pollutants. Firstly, simply washing the bricks directly results in oil-containing water flowing back into the soil or water body, damaging soil vegetation and polluting the environment. Furthermore, the water used for cleaning the bricks is often difficult to reuse, leading to resource waste. Secondly, when using oil-absorbing cloths to absorb oil in artificial water bodies, the large area and specific location may cause oil leakage. To address this issue, existing technologies offer some possible solutions, such as the oil-absorbing device invented in patent CN 107823916 B, which uses an activated carbon filter layer, an oil filter layer, and a leak-proof layer for zoned filtration and absorption. However, this solution is suitable for large oil volumes, allowing for oil filtration and storage. Since slope protection bricks need to absorb small amounts of oil over a large area, this solution becomes prohibitively costly in practical applications. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This disclosure proposes a prefabricated slope protection brick and a device and method for cleaning oil stains from it. The proposed technical solution is simple and practical, and also brings an aesthetic effect to the slope protection. When the slope protection needs to be cleaned, the oil-absorbing cloth is opened, and when it is not being cleaned, it is retracted, which can directly separate oil stains and water, reduce soil pollution, and has good environmental protection and energy-saving effects.
[0005] The prefabricated slope protection brick disclosed herein comprises several stacked blocks, and its unique feature is that:
[0006] The blocks have vertical planting holes for planting plants and for the roots of plants from the upper blocks to penetrate.
[0007] Furthermore, the blocks are made of oil-absorbing vegetated concrete, and the preparation method of the oil-absorbing vegetated concrete is as shown in CN 116217169 A.
[0008] Furthermore, the outer surface of the block is provided with an embedded part with internal threads, which is used to make a threaded connection with the embedded bolt; the embedded part is made of FRP resin material.
[0009] The device for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks disclosed herein is unique in that:
[0010] The device includes embedded bolts, hinges and hinge accessories, telescopic long rods, telescopic vertical rods, and oil-absorbing cloth;
[0011] The embedded bolts are used to fix the two ends of the telescopic rod horizontally to the outer surface of the prefabricated slope protection brick block;
[0012] The hinge and hinge fittings are hinged to the outer surface of the end of the telescopic rod, and are used to hinge one end of the telescopic vertical rod so that the telescopic vertical rod can rotate in a direction perpendicular to the block.
[0013] The telescopic rod is used to fix one long side of the oil-absorbing cloth;
[0014] The telescopic vertical rod is used to fix the two short sides of the oil-absorbing cloth.
[0015] Furthermore, the front end of the telescopic vertical rod is provided with a hook for hooking the small ring at the front end of the oil-absorbing cloth to fix the front end of the oil-absorbing cloth.
[0016] Furthermore, the oil-absorbing cloth is made primarily of polyester resin and polyester elastomer.
[0017] Another aspect of this disclosure provides a method for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks, using the aforementioned apparatus and following the steps below:
[0018] Fix the hinges and hinge accessories to the outer surface of the prefabricated slope protection brick block; fix one long side of the oil-absorbing cloth to the telescopic long rod;
[0019] The hinge and hinge accessories are used to fix the telescopic rod horizontally to the outer surface of the block, and to fix the two telescopic vertical rods vertically to the outer surface of the block; after fixing, the telescopic vertical rods can rotate along the hinge axis of the hinge under the action of external force.
[0020] Unfold the oil-absorbing cloth and fix the two front ends of the oil-absorbing cloth to the front hooks of the telescopic vertical rod;
[0021] The slope protection bricks are washed from top to bottom with a high-pressure water gun. The washed-out oil stains remain on the oil-absorbing cloth, and the water flows out through the oil-absorbing cloth to irrigate the planted plants.
[0022] Furthermore, when rinsing the slope protection bricks from top to bottom with a high-pressure water gun, the medium inside the high-pressure water gun is a cleaning solution, which is a surfactant mixed aqueous solution, and the surfactant mixed aqueous solution is formed by adding surfactants to water.
[0023] Preferably, the surfactant is any one of anionic surfactant or nonionic surfactant; the anionic surfactant includes one or more of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate or sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate; the nonionic surfactant includes one or more of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether or polyether.
[0024] When using anionic surfactants, the preferred option is to use sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate, with the chemical formula C9F17OC6H4SO3Na. The amount of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate is 0.0001-0.001 parts by weight of water, i.e., 1 part water. Sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate, as a fluorinated surfactant, has a content of 0.0001-0.001 parts.
[0025] The above-described at least one technical solution adopted in one or more embodiments of this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects:
[0026] First, the proposed prefabricated slope protection bricks are made of plantable concrete that can absorb oil stains and have through holes for planting. They are constructed by stacking, which not only absorbs oil stains while protecting the slope, but also increases the aesthetic appeal of the slope protection.
[0027] Secondly, the proposed cleaning device, used in conjunction with the embedded parts inside the slope protection bricks, has a simple structure. The hinge parts are fixed together with hinge nuts, and then the hinge parts are fixed to the long horizontal bar with nuts to ensure the stability of the assembly between the parts. When using it, the length of the horizontal bar and the fixed position and the opening angle of the hinge are set according to the specific size of the oil-absorbing cloth. The operation is simple and the cleaning cost is low.
[0028] Furthermore, the proposed cleaning method, which uses a mixed aqueous solution of fluorinated surfactants as the cleaning fluid for the high-pressure water gun, has the advantage that the fluorinated surfactants can significantly reduce the surface tension of the solvent at extremely low concentrations, thereby significantly reducing the surface energy of the substrate and exhibiting hydrophobic and oleophobic properties, thus improving cleaning ability; the formula is simple, easy to use, and has high degreasing efficiency; the cleaning fluid does not contain volatile organic toxic and harmful chemicals, and the degradation rate is over 99%, which has the advantages of being green and environmentally friendly.
[0029] In summary, the technical solution proposed in this invention is simple and practical. The oil-absorbing cloth can be opened when the slope needs to be cleaned and retracted when not cleaning, which can directly separate oil and water, reduce soil pollution, and has good environmental protection and energy-saving effects.
[0030] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.
[0031] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure.
[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of prefabricated slope protection bricks according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure.
[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning device according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0035] Figure 3 This is a detailed structural diagram of prefabricated slope protection bricks according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure.
[0036] Figure 4 The present disclosure provides a detailed structural diagram of the telescopic rod for placing the oil-absorbing cloth and the hinge accessories under a specific embodiment.
[0037] Figure 5 This is a detailed structural diagram of a telescopic rod under a specific implementation of this disclosure.
[0038] Figure 6 As a specific embodiment of this disclosure, a detailed structural diagram of the hinge is shown from the right.
[0039] Figure 7 As a specific embodiment of this disclosure, a detailed structural diagram of the hinge is shown from the left.
[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lipophilic and hydrophilic groups of sodium fluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate.
[0041] Figure 9 This is a molecular simulation diagram illustrating the mechanism of action of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate on slope protection bricks.
[0042] In the diagram: 1-Plant, 2-Brick block, 3-Slope soil, 4-Oil-absorbing cloth, 5-Telescopic long rod hinge fitting mounted on the brick block to hold the oil-absorbing cloth, 6-Telescopic vertical rod, 7-Small ring, 8-Embedded part, 9-Embedded part bolt, 10-Telescopic long rod, 11-Hinge, 12-Screw hole, 13-Threaded hole, 14-Screw, 15-Hinge leaf, 16-Stainless steel shaft, 17-Spring, 18-Welded part, 19-Hinge nut, 20-Fixed hinge support. Detailed Implementation
[0043] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.
[0044] Furthermore, to better illustrate this disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, and elements well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this disclosure.
[0045] The prefabricated slope protection bricks described in this disclosure, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes several stacked blocks, wherein:
[0046] The blocks have vertical planting holes for planting plants and for the roots of plants from the upper blocks to penetrate.
[0047] The blocks are made of oil-absorbing vegetated concrete. The oil-absorbing vegetated concrete can be manufactured according to the method described in document CN 116217169A.
[0048] The outer surface of the block is provided with an embedded part with internal threads, which is used to connect with the embedded bolt; the embedded part is made of FRP resin material.
[0049] As shown in the figure, the slope protection bricks are stacked in a staggered manner, and the planted plants are those with well-developed root systems whose roots can extend into the slope soil. The embedded parts on the front of the bricks have internal threaded holes for bolt connection, allowing for the assembly of telescopic rods via hinges. In practice, during the casting of the slope protection bricks at the prefabrication plant, 100 mm long FRP bolt holes can be pre-embedded in the 150 mm side cube of permeable concrete specimens with a porosity of less than 25%. The embedded parts are made of fiber-reinforced composite resin materials such as FRP resin, which avoids environmental pollution.
[0050] The cleaning device for prefabricated slope protection bricks disclosed herein includes embedded bolts, hinges and hinge accessories, a telescopic long rod, a telescopic vertical rod, and an oil-absorbing cloth; the embedded bolts are used to fix both ends of the telescopic long rod horizontally to the outer surface of the prefabricated slope protection brick block; the hinges and hinge accessories are hinged to the outer surface of the end of the telescopic long rod, and are used to hinge one end of the telescopic vertical rod so that the telescopic vertical rod rotates in a direction perpendicular to the block; the telescopic long rod is used to fix one long side of the oil-absorbing cloth; the telescopic vertical rod is used to fix two short sides of the oil-absorbing cloth. Figures 4-7 A specific implementation example is given.
[0051] Embedded part 8 is embedded in the embedded part hole in the block brick, and embedded part bolt 9 can be threadedly connected to embedded part 8. Below is the telescopic long rod hinge accessory 5, which is assembled on the block brick to place oil-absorbing cloth. The telescopic long rod 10, assembled on the block brick, can extend and shorten according to the size of the oil-absorbing cloth. The screw hole 12 on the telescopic long rod 10 is used with screw 14 to fix the hinge on the telescopic long rod 10, and the threaded hole 13 is the hole through which the embedded part passes, so that the telescopic long rod 10 can be fixed on the block brick.
[0052] There are small rings 7 on both sides of the front end of the oil-absorbing cloth 4, which are connected to the small hooks at the front end of the telescopic vertical rod 6 welded to the hinge. After the water and oil are completely separated, the remaining oil on the oil-absorbing cloth 3 is removed. After removal, the oil-absorbing cloth is rinsed with a high-pressure water gun and then dried. The small hooks can then be removed, and the oil-absorbing cloth 3 is rolled up onto the telescopic rod for storage. The long rod welded to the hinge is retracted along with the hinge to a position parallel to the telescopic rod.
[0053] Detailed diagram of the hinge is as follows Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the hinge leaf 15 and the telescopic vertical rod 6 fixed on the hinge are connected by a hinge nut. The spring 17 is connected between the stainless steel shaft 16 and the welded part 18 to control the rotation of the telescopic vertical rod 6. A hinge component is connected to each end of the telescopic rod 10 mounted on the slope protection bricks. The spring 17 in the hinge controls the movement of the stainless steel shaft 16. The end of the stainless steel shaft 16 not connected to the spring is connected to the hinge leaf by a fixed hinge support, while the end connected to the spring extends out of the hinge leaf 15. The telescopic rod fixed on the hinge has two grooves at the upper and lower ends on its right side surface to fix the stainless steel shaft 16. When the hinge is open, the stainless steel shaft 16 is embedded in the lower groove of the hinge leaf. When the hinge is closed, the telescopic vertical rod 6 fixed on the hinge falls, and the side of the telescopic rod fixed on the hinge also moves accordingly, causing the stainless steel shaft 16 to be embedded in the upper groove. The side of the hinge leaf 15 will also have a gap to facilitate the stretching of the spring 17, so that the telescopic rod fixed on the hinge can rotate as a whole.
[0054] In this example, the fixed hinge support in the hinge controls one end of the stainless steel shaft to rotate but not move, while the spring in the hinge causes the other end of the stainless steel shaft to move back and forth. A hinge leaf extends from one side of the stainless steel shaft, and the extended part is manually controlled to move the stainless steel shaft. The telescopic rod welded to the hinge has two grooves at the top and bottom of the end near the spring. As the stainless steel shaft moves back and forth, the telescopic rod opens and closes at a 90-degree angle. Both grooves are used to fix the stainless steel shaft. When the upper hinge leaf opens, it forms a 90-degree angle with the slope protection bricks, which, together with the telescopic rod, allows the oil-absorbing cloth 4 to be unfolded to complete the work.
[0055] The main components of the oil-absorbing cloth 4 are polyester resin and polyester elastomer, and it is white in color. Specifically, the polyester resin includes polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyarylates. The polyester elastomer is polymerized from dimethyl terephthalate, 1,4-butanediol, and polybutanol, and contains no other impurities, thus avoiding environmental pollution and facilitating oil filtration.
[0056] The above process requires close cooperation between each part. After the parts are assembled in sequence, the oil stains will be absorbed.
[0057] The method for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks involves using the aforementioned device and following these steps:
[0058] Fix the hinges and hinge accessories to the outer surface of the prefabricated slope protection brick block; fix one long side of the oil-absorbing cloth to the telescopic long rod;
[0059] The hinge and hinge accessories are used to fix the telescopic rod horizontally to the outer surface of the block, and to fix the two telescopic vertical rods vertically to the outer surface of the block; after fixing, the telescopic vertical rods can rotate along the hinge axis of the hinge under the action of external force.
[0060] Unfold the oil-absorbing cloth and fix the two front ends of the oil-absorbing cloth to the front hooks of the telescopic vertical rod;
[0061] The slope protection bricks are washed from top to bottom with a high-pressure water gun. The washed-out oil stains remain on the oil-absorbing cloth, and the water flows out through the oil-absorbing cloth to irrigate the planted plants.
[0062] After the slope protection bricks have been cleaned and the oil-absorbing cloth is no longer wet, remove the oil-absorbing cloth and clean it with a high-pressure water gun, then clean it with detergent. After drying, roll all the oil-absorbing cloth onto the long pole that assembles the slope protection bricks. When rolling, determine the position of the first roll and leave two small holes at the ends of the cloth. Use a rope to pass through the small holes and fix the first roll. Then roll the rest onto the long pole and finally fix the whole thing with a rope so that it can be unfolded and used again.
[0063] Preferably, the cleaning water used in the high-pressure water gun is a mixed aqueous solution of fluorinated surfactants, which is formed by adding anionic fluorinated surfactants to the water. The anionic fluorinated surfactant is one or more of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate and nonionic fluorinated surfactants. The chemical formula of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate is C9F17OC6H4SO3Na, and the amount of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate used is 0.0001-0.001 parts by weight of water, i.e., 0.0001-0.001 parts by weight of fluorinated surfactant for every 1 part of water.
[0064] The reason for choosing such a fluorinated surfactant mixed aqueous solution is that: fluorinated surfactants can significantly reduce the surface tension of the solvent at extremely low concentrations, thereby significantly reducing the surface energy of the substrate, thus exhibiting hydrophobic and oleophobic properties and improving cleaning ability; the formula is simple, easy to use, has high degreasing efficiency, the cleaning solution does not contain volatile organic toxic and harmful chemical agents, and the degradation rate is over 99%, which has the advantages of being green and environmentally friendly.
[0065] Removal mechanism of fluorinated surfactants: such as Figure 9 As shown in Figure a, when a fluorinated surfactant solution cleans the slope protection bricks, its fluorocarbon chains have a "disruptive" effect on the oil film on the bricks, causing the degreasing molecules to disrupt the oil layer and form a fluorocarbon surfactant solution. Figure 9 As shown in b, when the fluorinated surfactant solution seeps into the adsorption channels on the surface of the slope protection bricks, its lipophilic and hydrophilic groups are adsorbed on the surface of the slope protection bricks under electrostatic attraction and intermolecular forces; then, as... Figure 9 As shown in Figure c, the water channels of water molecules expand under the oleophobic effect of the fluorinated surfactant solution, allowing more water molecules to reach the solid surface through these channels and diffuse along the surface, forming a thin film that is both hydrophobic and oleophobic. This lowers the interfacial energy and causes a wettability reversal, where oil-wetted or water-wetted molecules become neutral. Under external force, the oil droplets detach from the surface of the slope protection bricks, completing the wettability reversal. Figure 9 As shown in d, this allows for the removal of oil droplets from the surface of the slope protection bricks.
[0066] The following are specific examples of using sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate, which further illustrate the cleaning effect of using sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate as a fluorinated surfactant in a mixed aqueous solution.
[0067] Table 1. Components and their weight percentages in the material.
[0068]
[0069] In Table 1, Examples 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, and 9-10 all used the same cement stone ratio, and the degreasing performance of the cement stone was tested on saturated machine oil and saturated soybean oil, respectively.
[0070] Degreasing performance test of cleaning fluid:
[0071] S1: The cement stone sample used in the test has a rectangular cross-section, a smooth surface, and is free of defects such as bubbles and cracks. The dimensions of the test sample are 160 mm × 40 mm × 40 mm. Five test samples each were prepared by adsorbing 20 g of soybean oil and machine oil (using a separator).
[0072] S2: Soak 5 saturated machine oil samples in the cleaning solutions of Examples 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 for 120 h; soak 5 saturated soybean oil samples in the cleaning solutions of Examples 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 for 120 h.
[0073] S3: After soaking for 120 hours, remove the sample from the cleaning solution, separate the water and oil in the leachate using a separatory funnel, and record the mass of the precipitated oil.
[0074] Table 2. Results of the degreasing performance test of the cleaning fluid.
[0075]
[0076] As shown in Table 2, in terms of the oil removal effect of the cleaning solution prepared in this invention after soaking the samples for 120 hours, Examples 7-10 showed a greater amount of oil precipitate than Examples 1-6. Examples 8 and 10 showed at least 8.5 times better removal ability for soybean oil stains compared to Examples 2, 4, and 6; Examples 7 and 9 showed at least 7.5 times better removal ability for engine oil stains compared to Examples 1, 3, and 5. This indicates that the cleaning solutions prepared in Examples 7-10 have a better oil removal effect.
[0077] The prefabricated slope protection bricks and cleaning device proposed in this disclosure can be applied to the cleaning of slope protection bricks. Although the structure is simple, the cleaning efficiency is high and the loss is small. Compared with other traditional slope protection brick cleaning solutions, it has better environmental protection and energy-saving effects and has practical value.
Claims
1. A device for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks, characterized in that: The prefabricated slope protection bricks include several stacked blocks; the blocks have vertical planting holes for planting plants and for the roots of plants from the upper blocks to penetrate. The blocks are made of oil-absorbing, vegetation-grown concrete. The outer surface of the block is provided with an embedded part with internal threads, which is used to make a threaded connection with the embedded bolt; the embedded part is made of FRP resin material. The device includes embedded bolts, hinges and hinge accessories, telescopic long rods, telescopic vertical rods, and oil-absorbing cloth; The embedded bolts are used to fix the two ends of the telescopic rod horizontally to the outer surface of the prefabricated slope protection brick block; The hinge and hinge fittings are hinged to the outer surface of the end of the telescopic rod, and are used to hinge one end of the telescopic vertical rod so that the telescopic vertical rod can rotate in a direction perpendicular to the block. The telescopic rod is used to fix one long side of the oil-absorbing cloth; The telescopic vertical rod is used to fix the two short sides of the oil-absorbing cloth.
2. The device for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic vertical rod is equipped with a hook at its front end, which is used to hook the small ring at the front end of the oil-absorbing cloth to fix the front end of the oil-absorbing cloth.
3. The device for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil-absorbing cloth is made of polyester resin and polyester elastomer as raw materials.
4. A method for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks, characterized in that, Apply the apparatus of claim 2 and perform the following steps: Fix the hinges and hinge accessories to the outer surface of the prefabricated slope protection brick block; fix one long side of the oil-absorbing cloth to the telescopic long rod; The hinge and hinge accessories are used to fix the telescopic rod horizontally to the outer surface of the block, and to fix the two telescopic vertical rods vertically to the outer surface of the block; after fixing, the telescopic vertical rods can rotate along the hinge axis of the hinge under the action of external force. Unfold the oil-absorbing cloth and fix the two front ends of the oil-absorbing cloth to the front hooks of the telescopic vertical rod; The slope protection bricks are washed from top to bottom with a high-pressure water gun. The washed-out oil stains remain on the oil-absorbing cloth, and the water flows out through the oil-absorbing cloth to irrigate the planted plants.
5. The method for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks according to claim 4, characterized in that, When rinsing the slope protection bricks from top to bottom with a high-pressure water gun, the medium inside the high-pressure water gun is a cleaning solution, which is a surfactant mixed aqueous solution, and the surfactant mixed aqueous solution is formed by adding surfactants to water.
6. The method for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surfactant is either an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant. The anionic surfactant includes one or more of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate or sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate. The nonionic surfactant includes one or more of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, or polyethers.
7. A method for cleaning oil stains on prefabricated slope protection bricks according to claim 6, characterized in that, The chemical formula of the sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate is C9F17OC6H4SO3Na. The amount of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate used is 0.0001-0.001 parts by weight of water, that is, 0.0001-0.001 parts by weight of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate when water is 1 part.