Equipment and method for attaching or removing a crushing shroud from a bearing cone, and a cone crusher.

Abstract

Apparatus and methods are provided for attaching a cone shroud to a bearing cone of a cone crusher and for removing the shroud from the bearing cone. The apparatus includes a hydraulically actuated pretensioning actuator adapted to press the shroud against the bearing cone in an axial direction during pretensioning before tightening attachment screws in the head region of the bearing cone. The hydraulic pretensioning actuator includes a pressure chamber for receiving pressurized hydraulic medium and a piston for confining the pressure chamber. The hydraulic pretensioning actuator is externally applied to a pressure plate during the pretensioning process such that a piston rod or rod-like element attached thereto extends through a central opening in the pressure plate and attaches to the head region of the bearing cone, wherein the pressure chamber and piston of the hydraulic pretensioning actuator are located on the side of the pressure plate opposite the bearing cone. The hydraulic pretensioning actuator is capable of being released and removed from the pressure plate outside the pretensioning process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for attaching a cone crusher shroud to a bearing cone of a cone crusher and for removing the shroud from the bearing cone, the bearing cone having a bearing cone axis. Background Technology

[0002] A cone crusher is a compression machine that reduces the size of feed material by squeezing or compressing it between a moving part (crushing shroud or inner crushing blades), typically made of steel, and a stationary part (crushing ring or outer crushing blades), also typically made of steel. Feed materials are particularly minerals such as stone, rock, and concrete. Cone crushers typically offer reduction ratios from 4:1 to 6:1, although other reduction ratios are also possible. Because the closed-side setup is set more tightly to produce a finer output, the machine's size or production capacity is reduced.

[0003] The material fed into the cone crusher is crushed between the fixed crushing ring (in other words, the outer crushing blades) and the crushing shroud (in other words, the inner crushing blades) in the upper part of the crusher's shell (or frame). The crushing shroud rests on a conical seat near the bottom of the supporting cone (in other words, the support cone or cone head). The crushing shroud is attached to the supporting cone by a suitable fastening device. Due to the very large forces generated during the crushing process, the fastening device must provide a secure attachment between the crushing shroud and the supporting cone. Simultaneously, the attachment should be torque-resistant, i.e., preventing the crushing shroud from rotating relative to the supporting cone.

[0004] During the operation of a cone crusher, the crushing shroud moves eccentrically relative to a fixed crushing ring. The carrying cone is set to tumbling or vibrating motion by the drive mechanism of the cone crusher. The size of the crushing gap (or chamber) between the fixed crushing ring and the rotating crushing shroud changes continuously at specific points along the circumferential direction. In the crushing chamber, the material to be crushed is broken by compression and squeezing until it leaves the cone crusher as broken material through the crushing gap. In other words, the carrying cone with the crushing shroud is subjected to vibrating or rotary motion around the working axis, wherein the crushing gap between the crushing shroud and the outer crushing ring changes at each point during the cycle.

[0005] The minimum crushing gap that occurs during the cycle is called the closed-side setting (CSS) of the cone crusher, and the difference between the maximum and minimum gap is called the crusher stroke. The crusher settings, crusher stroke, and crusher operating speed can significantly affect the particle size distribution of the crushed material and the crusher's production capacity.

[0006] The outer crushing ring and the inner crushing shroud are worn parts during the operation of a cone crusher and therefore must be replaced periodically. For this purpose, the fastening device must provide a safe, easy, and quick attachment of the crushing shroud to the bearing cone and a detachment of the crushing shroud from the bearing cone. Various types of fastening devices are known in the prior art.

[0007] For example, WO 2015 / 155 205A1 (AU 2015243593 B2) discloses a cone bearing head (12) for a bearing cone (4) equipped with two external threads (25, 26) of different diameters. A manually actuated attachment nut (16) applies an axial attachment force to the crushing shield (3) via a pressure ring (11), which presses the crushing shield (3) against the bearing cone (4). The attachment nut (16) uses the lower thread (25) on the cone bearing head (12) with the larger diameter. A commercially available hydraulically actuated tension nut (15) is screwed onto the upper thread (26) of the cone bearing head (12). The hydraulically actuated tension nut (15) causes the nut to indirectly apply an axial clamping force to the crushing shield (3) via a pressure sleeve (24) and a pressure ring (11), further pressing it against the bearing cone (4). A pressure sleeve (24) surrounds the attachment nut (16). The pressure sleeve (24) has a circumferentially extending cut-through channel through which an actuating rod (18) for manually actuating the attachment nut (16) can pass. The cut-through channel has a circumferential extension to allow the attachment nut (16) to be tightened or loosened when a hydraulically actuated tension nut (15) is loaded. The break guard (3) is attached to the bearing cone (4) by tightening the attachment nut (16) onto the external thread 25. After the tension nut (15) is loosened and removed, a protective cap (22) is fitted to protect the fastening device.

[0008] The disadvantage of the fastening device disclosed in this reference is that the pressure sleeve (24) overlaps with the attachment nut (16) in the radial direction, and the tightening and loosening of the attachment nut (16) can only be achieved at a small angle through the actuating rod (18) engaged by the slit channel in the pressure sleeve (24). In other words, the length of the slit channel in the circumferential direction restricts the tightening and loosening movement of the attachment nut (16).

[0009] Reference WO 2012 / 171778 A2 (US2014110514) discloses a fastening device for removably attaching a crusher shroud to a conical seat of a carrier cone. This fastening device is adapted to fasten itself during operation of a cone crusher, similar to a clamping screw in an angle grinder. Screws (36, 136, 232, 332) are configured to release the clamping connection between the crusher shroud and the carrier cone, which is tightened during operation. The screws can be loosened individually to release the clamping connection. No hydraulic device is provided in this reference for pre-tensioning the crusher shroud relative to the carrier cone. The final attachment force is gradually generated only during operation of the cone crusher. The tightened clamping connection can only be released by loosening the screws (36, 136, 232, 332).

[0010] Reference WO 2020 / 073 077A1 (US2021322995) discloses a fastening device comprising a hydraulic tension nut (115) screwed onto the external thread (130) of a bearing cone. The tension nut (115) presses the crushing shroud (110) downward onto the bearing cone. A locking screw (335) is screwed into the top of the hydraulic tension nut (115) and maintains the attachment force after the hydraulic pressure decreases / releases. A disadvantage of the fastening device disclosed in this reference is that the entire component of the hydraulic tension nut (115) remains within the cone bearing head during operation.

[0011] Reference DE 1 283 654 discloses a fastening device in which an external thread (5) is provided on the head (1, 3) of a bearing cone. A sleeve (4) is screwed onto the external thread (5), which includes another external thread on its outer circumference and contains a hydraulic tensioning device (8, 9) at its lower end. The sleeve (4) is screwed onto the external thread (5), establishing hydraulic pressure, and thus the crushing shield (2) is pressed against the bearing cone (1). An attachment nut (6) is then screwed onto the other external thread of the sleeve (4), the lower side of which is indirectly pressed against the crushing shield (2) via an intermediate ring (7). This allows the hydraulic pressure applied by the sleeve (4) or its hydraulic tensioning device (8, 9) to be released, while the attachment nut (6) provides clamping pressure for attaching the crushing shield (2) to the bearing cone (1). Again, a disadvantage of the fastening device disclosed in this reference is that the entire hydraulic tensioning device (8, 9) remains in the head of the bearing cone during operation.

[0012] Reference WO 2010 / 086 488A1 (US 8944356) begins with the prior art known in previously cited reference DE 1 283 654. It discloses an anti-rotation device for a hydraulic tensioning device (13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24). A screw (14) connects a pressure plate (12) to a bearing cone (4). A first part (11) containing the basic components (18, 19, 20, 21) of the hydraulic tensioning device is correspondingly screwed into an internal thread (15) in the bearing cone (4) or its cone bearing head. The hydraulic pump (24) of the hydraulic tensioning device is removed after the crushing shroud (5) is attached to the bearing cone (4) and before the operation of the cone crusher. However, the basic components of the hydraulic tensioning device, such as the cylinder (18), piston (19), and hydraulic conduit (21), remain in the head of the bearing cone during cone crusher operation, leading to excessive wear of these components and vibration and impact during operation. This reference discloses an apparatus and method for attaching a cone shroud to the bearing cone of a cone crusher and for removing the shroud from the aforementioned bearing cone. Summary of the Invention

[0013] Starting with the prior art cited, one object of the present invention is to provide an alternative apparatus and method for attaching a cone crusher shroud to the bearing cone of a cone crusher and for removing the shroud from the bearing cone.

[0014] To solve this problem, a device comprising the following features is proposed. Specifically, starting with the aforementioned type of device, the following is proposed:

[0015] - A hydraulic pretensioning device is adapted to be externally applied to a pressure plate during the pretensioning process, such that the piston rod of the piston or a rod-like element attached thereto extends through the central opening of the pressure plate and is attached to the head region of the bearing cone, wherein the pressure chamber of the hydraulic pretensioning device...

[0016] The chamber and piston are located on the side of the pressure plate opposite to the bearing cone; and

[0017] -The hydraulic pretensioning device is also adapted to be released and removed from the pressure plate outside of the pretensioning process.

[0018] Furthermore, to address the aforementioned problems, a method comprising the following features is proposed. Specifically, starting with methods of the aforementioned type, the following is proposed:

[0019] - During the pretensioning process, a hydraulic pretensioning device is externally applied to the pressure plate, causing the piston rod or rod-like element attached thereto to extend through the central opening of the pressure plate and attach to the head region of the bearing cone, wherein the pressure chamber of the hydraulic pretensioning device...

[0020] The piston is located on the side of the pressure plate opposite to the bearing cone; and

[0021] - Outside of the pretensioning process, the hydraulic pretensioning device is released and removed from the pressure plate.

[0022] The device may include:

[0023] - Pressure plate, which is suitable for resting on the top surface of the crushing hood;

[0024] - The pressure plate includes a central opening and at least two through holes located around the central opening, preferably the at least two through holes being equidistant from each other in the circumferential direction;

[0025] - At least two attachment screws, wherein one of the screws is assigned to each of the at least two through holes, and each of the screws is adapted to be inserted into the through hole assigned to it and adapted to be screwed into the head region of the bearing cone, thereby pressing the crushing shroud against the bearing cone in an axial direction extending substantially parallel to the axis of the bearing cone.

[0026] Above; and

[0027] - A hydraulically actuated pretensioning device is adapted to press the crushing shroud against the bearing cone in the axial direction during pretensioning, before tightening the screws in the head region of the bearing cone during attachment of the crushing shroud to the bearing cone and before loosening the screws in the head region of the bearing cone during removal of the crushing shroud from the bearing cone. The hydraulic pretensioning device includes a pressure chamber and a piston that limits the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is adapted to receive pressurized hydraulic medium, thereby increasing the volume of the pressure chamber and moving the piston, wherein the movement of the piston causes the crushing shroud to press against the bearing cone.

[0028] Methods for attaching a cone-shaped crushing shroud to the bearing cone of a cone crusher and for removing the crushing shroud from the bearing cone may include the following steps:

[0029] - A pressure plate is placed on the top surface of the crushing shroud, the pressure plate comprising a central opening and at least two through holes positioned around the central opening, preferably at least two through holes in the circumferential direction.

[0030] Positioned upwards at equal intervals relative to each other;

[0031] Insert the attachment screws into each through hole and screw them into the head region of the bearing cone, thereby extending in an axial direction substantially parallel to the axis of the bearing cone.

[0032] Press the crushing shroud against the bearing cone;

[0033] - A hydraulically actuated pretensioning device is used, the hydraulically actuated pretensioning device being adapted to press the crushing shroud against the bearing cone in the axial direction during pretensioning, before tightening the screws in the head region of the bearing cone during attachment of the crushing shroud to the bearing cone and before loosening the screws in the head region of the bearing cone during removal of the crushing shroud from the bearing cone, wherein the hydraulic pretensioning device includes a pressure chamber and a piston that limits the pressure chamber;

[0034] - By supplying pressurized hydraulic fluid to the pressure chamber, the pretensioning device is actuated, thereby increasing the volume of the pressure chamber and moving the piston, causing the crushing shroud to press against the bearing cone; and

[0035] - Tighten the attachment screws to attach the crushing shroud to the bearing cone, or loosen the attachment screws to remove the crushing shroud from the bearing cone.

[0036] Preferably, releasing the pretensioning device from the pressure plate includes removing the piston rod or rod-like element attached thereto from the head region of the bearing cone and pulling it out of the central opening of the pressure plate.

[0037] The main advantage of this invention is that after the attachment screws assigned to the pressure plate are installed (e.g., the attachment screws are screwed into and tightened in the head region of the bearing cone, thereby securely attaching the crushing shroud to the bearing cone), the hydraulic pretensioning device is completely removed from the head region of the bearing cone. During the intended use of the cone crusher (i.e., during the crushing of the feed material), the hydraulic pretensioning device is no longer present in the cone crusher. The hydraulic pretensioning device is not subject to wear or exposure to any mechanical stresses (e.g., friction, impact, vibration, etc.) that may occur during the intended use of the cone crusher.

[0038] Furthermore, a hydraulic pretensioning device can be readily applied to the pressure plate during the pretensioning process (i.e., before pressing the crushing shield against the bearing cone in the axial direction, and before tightening the screws in the head region of the bearing cone during attachment of the crushing shield to the bearing cone, or before loosening the screws in the head region of the bearing cone during removal of the crushing shield from the bearing cone). No separate tool is required to apply the hydraulic pretensioning device to the pressure plate during the pretensioning process. The order of tightening or loosening the screws in the head region of the bearing cone is less important. Once the axial clamping force is applied to the crushing shield, the tightening and loosening of the screws can be achieved without a separate tool (e.g., by hand), thus pressing it against the bearing cone. However, it should be understood that it may be advantageous, even with the pretensioning device, to tighten the screws to a defined torque using appropriate tools (e.g., a torque wrench) to ensure that all screws are uniformly loaded when the pretensioning device is removed. Nevertheless, it is advantageous that even with tools, the torque required to tighten the screws will be significantly lower than the torque required without the pretensioning device. Furthermore, the present invention reduces the risk of screw breakage and damage to screw threads when the breakout cover is attached to / removed from the bearing cone.

[0039] Indirect attachment of the piston rod can be provided by another rod-shaped element, one end of which is attached to the piston rod and the other end to the head region of the bearing cone, for example, by a threaded connection.

[0040] Preferably, the conical crushing shroud has an opening in its top surface. In this case, an attachment screw extends through the opening of the crushing shroud. Through this attachment screw, a pressure plate is attached to the head region of the supporting cone, thereby pressing the pressure plate against the top surface of the crushing shroud. Furthermore, in this case, the piston rod of a hydraulic pretensioning device extends through the central opening of the pressure plate and through the opening in the top surface of the crushing shroud.

[0041] Applying a hydraulic pretensioning device to a pressure plate preferably includes: the housing of the pretensioning device resting on the side of the pressure plate opposite to the bearing cone, and the piston rod of the piston of the pretensioning device extending through the central opening of the pressure plate and attached to the head region of the bearing cone.

[0042] Preferably, the pressure chamber and piston of the pretensioning device are located inside the housing of the pretensioning device, that is, on the side of the pressure plate opposite to the bearing cone.

[0043] The attachment of the piston rod to the head region can be achieved by a threaded connection or any other suitable method. For this purpose, it is proposed that the piston rod include external threads that screw into a threaded hole located in the head region of the bearing cone.

[0044] To obtain a sufficiently strong and uniformly distributed attachment force around the axis of the bearing cone (by which the crushing shield is attached to the bearing cone), it is recommended that the device include at least three, preferably five or seven, and particularly preferably eight attachment screws. The attachment screws are preferably evenly distributed relative to each other in the circumferential direction around the axis of the bearing cone, i.e., all adjacent screws have the same circumferential distance relative to each other.

[0045] During the pre-tensioning process, the pressure plates are always spaced apart from the bearing cone or its head region, so that by activating the pre-tensioning device, the bearing cone or its head region can be pulled toward the pressure plates, and the pressure plates can be pressed onto the top surface of the crushing shroud accordingly, thereby supporting the crushing shroud relative to the bearing cone.

[0046] Furthermore, the pressure plate includes at least two additional holes (e.g., through holes or blind holes) adapted to receive the securing device of the protective cover outside of the pre-tensioning process, after the cone crusher shroud has been securely attached to the carrying cone and after the hydraulic pre-tensioning device has been released and removed from the pressure plate. During the intended use of the cone crusher, the protective cover covers the pressure plate and the attachment screws. The protective cover is preferably made of steel, particularly a particularly hard steel, such as medium or high carbon steel that has been heat-treated and subsequently quenched and possibly subsequently tempered. Preferably, the protective cover is made of the same wear-resistant manganese steel casting as the crusher shroud.

[0047] At least two other holes are preferably threaded holes, and the fixing device for the protective cover is preferably a screw that is screwed into the threaded hole of the pressure plate. The screw head for fastening the protective cover to the pressure plate is preferably recessed into the top surface of the protective cover so as to withstand minimal possible wear during the expected use of the cone crusher.

[0048] A pressure plate is proposed to have an inclined circumferential surface and is adapted to rest on the top surface of a crushing shroud with its inclined circumferential surface. Preferably, the inclined circumferential surface of the pressure plate rests on a similar inclined inner circumferential surface surrounding an opening provided in the top surface of the crushing shroud. For this purpose, a crushing shroud is proposed to have an opening in its top surface, the opening having an inclined inner circumferential surface surrounding the opening, and the pressure plate is adapted to rest on the inclined inner circumferential surface of the crushing shroud with its inclined circumferential surface.

[0049] Furthermore, the pressure plate has a collar-shaped or sleeve-shaped section that extends axially from the plate-shaped portion of the pressure plate toward the crushing shroud. This embodiment of the pressure plate provides additional space between the plate-shaped section of the pressure plate and the top surface or head region of the bearing cone. This additional space can be used by the portion of the bearing cone or its head region extending through an opening in the top surface of the crushing shroud. Particularly advantageously, the head region of the bearing cone comprises multiple portions attached to each other, for example, by friction or one or more threaded connections. An inclined circumferential surface (through which the pressure plate rests on the top surface of the crushing shroud) is preferably provided on the distal circumferential end of the collar-shaped or sleeve-shaped section of the pressure plate opposite the plate-shaped section. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Other advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following description. In this regard, it is emphasized that each feature and characteristic shown in the drawings may be essential to the invention in itself, even if not explicitly shown in the drawings and / or not explicitly described in the following description. Furthermore, it is emphasized that the features and characteristics shown in the drawings can be combined in any possible manner, even if not explicitly shown in the drawings and / or not explicitly described in the following description. The drawings show:

[0051] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention, in which a hydraulically actuated pretensioning device is applied;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a pretensioning device without hydraulic pressure. Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of an embodiment;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a hydraulically actuated pretensioning device is applied;

[0054] Figure 4 It is a pretensioning device without hydraulic pressure. Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the embodiment; and

[0055] Figure 5 The cone crusher according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] Figure 1A device 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown. Device 2 is used for attaching the conical crushing shroud 4 of a cone crusher (particularly a mobile cone crusher) to the supporting cone 6 of the cone crusher and for removing the crushing shroud 4 from the supporting cone 6. The design and function of a cone crusher are described in detail in prior art reference WO 2010 / 086 488A1 (US 8944356), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The mobile cone crusher is mounted on a chassis equipped with wheels, chutes, chains, or tracks for loading the cone crusher onto a transport device to drive the cone crusher to its predetermined operating position and align the cone crusher in its operating position. The mobile cone crusher can be self-propelled or moved by a propelled vehicle.

[0057] The cone crusher 100 according to the present invention is in Figure 5 The details are shown below. The cone crusher 100 is a compression type machine that reduces the size of the feed material by squeezing or compressing it between a moving part (crushing shroud 4 or internal crushing blades), usually made of steel, and a stationary part (crushing ring 102 or external crushing blades), usually made of steel. The feed material is particularly mineral material, such as stone, rock, concrete, etc.

[0058] During operation of the cone crusher 100, the crushing shroud 4 moves eccentrically relative to the fixed crushing ring 102. The drive mechanism 104 of the cone crusher 100 causes the supporting cone 6 to tumble or swing. Figure 5 In this configuration, the drive mechanism 104 includes a drive shaft 106 and a bevel gear 108. However, other embodiments are also conceivable. The drive shaft 106 is also driven by a motor (not shown). The crushing gap 110 (or chamber 112) between the fixed crushing ring 102 and the rotating crushing shroud 4 varies continuously at a point in the circumferential direction. In the crushing chamber 112, the material to be crushed is crushed by squeezing and compression until it can leave the cone crusher 100 as crushed material through the crushing gap 110. In other words, the supporting cone 6 with the crushing shroud 4 is subjected to oscillating or rotary motion about the axis of rotation, wherein the crushing gap 110 between the crushing shroud 4 and the outer crushing ring 102 varies at each point during the cycle.

[0059] The minimum crushing gap 110 that occurs during the cycle is called the closed-side setting (CSS) of the cone crusher 100, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the gap 110 is called the stroke of the crusher 100. The particle size distribution of the crushed material and the production capacity of the crusher 100 can be particularly affected by the crusher settings, the crusher stroke, and the operating speed of the crusher 100.

[0060] The outer crushing ring 102 and the inner crushing shroud 4 serve as wear parts during operation of the cone crusher 100 and therefore must be replaced from time to time. The device 2 according to the invention is configured for easy and quick attachment and removal of the crushing shroud 4 from the bearing cone 6. The device 2 is used in the cone crusher 100 according to the invention.

[0061] Device 2 includes a pressure plate 10 adapted to rest on the top surface 12 of the crushing hood 4. The pressure plate 10 includes a central opening 14 and at least two through holes 16 located around the central opening 14, the at least two through holes 16 preferably positioned equidistant from each other in the circumferential direction. Adjacent through holes 16 may also be positioned relative to each other at different circumferential distances. Preferably, the through holes 16 have the same distance relative to the axis 8 of the bearing cone. The through holes 16 may also be in the form of circular holes and are intended to include not only circular holes but also slots, cuts, etc., of any given cross-sectional area.

[0062] The device 2 also includes at least two attachment screws 18, one of which is assigned to each of at least two through holes 16. Each screw 18 is adapted to be inserted into its assigned through hole 16 and screwed into the head region 20 of the support cone 6. For this purpose, the head region 20 is provided with a threaded blind hole 22, with each screw 18 corresponding to one threaded blind hole. By screwing the screws 18 into and tightening them into the blind holes 22, the pressure plate 10 presses axially downward toward the support cone 6 or its head region 20, and the crushing shield 4 presses against the support cone 6 in an axial direction that extends substantially parallel to the axis 8 of the support cone.

[0063] Furthermore, device 2 includes a hydraulically actuated pretensioning device 24, also referred to as a pretensioning actuator 24, which is adapted to press the crushing shield 4 against the bearing cone 6 in the axial direction during pretensioning, before tightening the attachment screw 18 in the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6 during attachment of the crushing shield 4 to the bearing cone 6, and before loosening the screw 18 in the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6 during removal of the crushing shield 4 from the bearing cone 6. The hydraulically actuated pretensioning device 24 includes a pressure chamber 26 and a piston 28 that confines the pressure chamber 26. The pressure chamber 26 and the piston 28 are disposed within a housing 30 of the pretensioning device 24. The pressure chamber 26 is adapted to receive a pressurized hydraulic medium, such as a fluid medium like oil or water. By supplying hydraulic medium to the pressure chamber 26, the volume of the pressure chamber 26 increases and the piston 28 moves. For this purpose, a port 32 for the hydraulic medium is provided in the housing 30, the port 32 communicating into the pressure chamber 26. A hose or pipe 34 for pressurizing hydraulic medium can be attached to port 32. A hydraulic generating device (not shown), such as a hydraulic pump, can be attached to the end of the hose or pipe 34 opposite to port 32.

[0064] exist Figure 1 In this embodiment, supplying pressurized hydraulic medium to the pressure chamber 26 causes the piston 28 to move upward in a direction substantially parallel to the axis 8 of the bearing cone. Therefore, the movement of the piston 28 causes the crushing shield 4 to press against the bearing cone 6 via the pressure plate 10.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, not shown in the figures, the hydraulic generating device may also form part of the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 and be located within the housing 30. In this case, hydraulic pressure is generated within the device 24, and the internal hydraulic generating device supplies pressurized hydraulic pressure; the hose or pipe 34 and its connection to port 32 will only need to be fluid-tight and resistant to relatively low pressure values. A real high pressure of the hydraulic medium can then be generated within the hydraulic pretensioning device 24. In this case, it is sufficient to attach a simple container (e.g., a fluid tank) for the hydraulic fluid to the hose or pipe 34 opposite port 32.

[0066] The hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is adapted to be applied externally to the pressure plate 10 during the pretensioning process, such that the piston rod 36 of the piston 28 extends through the central opening 14 of the pressure plate 10 and is attached to the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6. Applying the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 to the pressure plate 10 preferably comprises: the housing 30 of the pretensioning device 24 resting on the side of the pressure plate 10 opposite to the bearing cone 6, and the piston rod 36 of the piston 28 of the pretensioning device 24 extending through the central opening 14 of the pressure plate 10 and being attached to the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6.

[0067] When the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is applied to the pressure plate 10, the housing 30 is located on the side of the pressure plate 10 opposite to the bearing cone 6. Therefore, the pressure chamber 26 and piston 28 of the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 are also located on the side of the pressure plate 10 opposite to the bearing cone 6.

[0068] The attachment of the piston rod 36 to the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6 can be achieved directly or indirectly via a threaded connection 38, which includes external threads on the outer circumferential surface of the piston rod 36 and internal threads in the blind hole 40 of the head region 20. Of course, other suitable attachment types are also conceivable. Indirect attachment of the piston rod 36 can be provided by means of another rod-shaped element (not shown) attached at one end to the piston rod 36 and at the other end to the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6, for example, by means of the threaded connection 38.

[0069] The hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is also adapted to be released and removed from the pressure plate 10 outside of the pretensioning process (i.e., before or after the pretensioning process). Releasing the pretensioning device 24 includes removing the piston rod 36 (or, in the case of indirect attachment of the piston rod 36) from the head region 20 of the support cone 6 and pulling it out of the central opening 14 of the pressure plate 10. Alternative embodiments may leave the piston rod 36 in the head region 20 of the support cone 6, or further rotate it into the head region 20 after the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 has been removed.

[0070] According to the invention, a pressure plate 10 presses the crushing shield 4 onto the supporting cone 6. The pressure plate 10 is secured to the head region 20 of the cone 6 by attachment screws 18. The number of screws 18 can be three, preferably five or seven, and particularly preferably eight. The screws 18 are preferably equidistant from the axis 8 of the supporting cone, and adjacent screws 18 are preferably equidistant in the circumferential direction. Ultimately, these screws 18 provide an attachment force for holding the crushing shield 4 onto the supporting cone 6. A hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is used for easy and quick assembly and disassembly of the attachment screws 18.

[0071] Implement the following procedure to install the crushing shroud 4 onto the bearing cone 6:

[0072] - Arrange the crushing hood 4 on the bearing cone 6;

[0073] - Arrange the pressure plate 10 on the crushing hood 4, so that it rests on the top surface of the crushing hood 4.

[0074] Face 12 on;

[0075] - Tighten the mounting screw 18 by hand;

[0076] - Install the hydraulic pretensioning device 24, that is, arrange it on the side of the pressure plate 10 opposite to the bearing cone 6, and attach the piston rod 36 to the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6.

[0077] - By placing the pressure chamber 26 under hydraulic pressure, the bearing cones 6 are pulled towards the pressure chamber.

[0078] Force plate 10 and crushing hood 4;

[0079] -Tighten attachment screw 18 with relatively little force;

[0080] -Release the hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 26;

[0081] -Disassemble the hydraulic pretensioning device 24.

[0082] Disassembling the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 may include: removing the piston rod 36 from the head region 20 of the support cone 6 and removing the piston rod 36 through the central opening 14 of the pressure plate 10. Alternatively, the piston rod 36 may remain in the head region 20 of the support cone 6, or be further moved into the head region 20 after the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 has been removed.

[0083] Retightening of the connecting screw 18 is preferably performed using a suitable tool (e.g., a hand wrench). The screw 18 can be tightened to a specific torque to ensure equal distribution of the load. The torque will be significantly lower than that required without the pre-tensioning device 24.

[0084] To release and disassemble the crushing shroud 4 from the supporting cone 6, the procedure is executed in the opposite direction. Specifically, the following procedure is implemented:

[0085] - Install the hydraulic pretensioning device 24, that is, arrange it on the side of the pressure plate 10 opposite to the bearing cone 6, and attach the piston rod 36 to the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6.

[0086] - By placing the pressure chamber 26 under hydraulic pressure, the bearing cones 6 are pulled towards the pressure chamber.

[0087] Force plate 10 and crushing hood 4;

[0088] - Use relatively little force to loosen and tighten the attachment screw 18;

[0089] -Release the hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 26;

[0090] -Disassemble the hydraulic pretensioning device 24;

[0091] -Remove pressure plate 10 from crusher 4;

[0092] - Remove the crushing shield 4 from the bearing cone 6.

[0093] Disassembling the hydraulic pretensioner 24 may include removing the piston rod 36 from the head region 20 of the support cone 6 and removing the piston rod 36 through the central opening 14 of the pressure plate 10. Alternatively, the piston rod 36 may remain in the head region 20 of the support cone 6, or be further moved into the head region 20 after the hydraulic pretensioner 24 has been removed. It is important to emphasize that the piston rod 36 does not need to be removed until the new crushing shroud 4 is installed.

[0094] Loosening the attachment screw 18 is preferably done by means of a suitable tool (e.g., a hand wrench).

[0095] By using the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 of the type described herein and in the manner described herein, the assembly and disassembly of the crushing shield 4 onto the support cone 6 is quick, easy, and safe. Even in special circumstances where the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is unavailable, the crushing shield 4 can still be assembled or disassembled from the support cone 6 in a conventional manner. In such cases, the attachment screws 18 must be tightened and loosened in a predefined sequence using standard tools (e.g., hand wrenches) to avoid tension and tilting.

[0096] The main advantage of this invention lies in the fact that after the attachment screws 18 assigned to the pressure plate 10 have been screwed into and tightened in the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6, thereby securely connecting the crushing shroud 4 to the bearing cone 6, the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is completely removed from the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6. During the intended use of the cone crusher 100 (i.e., during the crushing of the feed material), the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is no longer present in the cone crusher 100. The hydraulic pretensioning device 24 is not exposed to any mechanical stresses (e.g., friction, impact, vibration, etc.) that may occur during the intended use of the cone crusher 100.

[0097] Preferably, the conical crushing shroud 4 has an opening 42 in its top surface 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the opening 42 is defined and surrounded by an annular inner circumferential surface of the top surface 12, which has an inclined extension when viewed in a section including the axis 8 of the supporting cone. The pressure plate 10 has a correspondingly inclined circumferential surface 44 and is adapted to rest its inclined circumferential surface 44 on the inclined inner circumferential surface of the top surface 12 of the crushing shroud 4. In this case, an attachment screw 18 extends through the opening 42 of the crushing shroud. The pressure plate 10 is attached to the head region 20 of the supporting cone 6 by the attachment screw 18, thereby pressing the pressure plate 10 onto the top surface 12 of the crushing shroud 4. Furthermore, in this case, the piston rod 36 of the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 extends through the central opening 14 of the pressure plate 10 and through the opening 42 in the top surface 12 of the crushing shroud 4.

[0098] During the pre-tensioning process, the pressure plate 10 is always spaced apart from the bearing cone 6 or its head region 20 in the axial direction, so that the crushing shroud 4 can be supported relative to the bearing cone 6 by activating the pre-tensioning device 24, thereby pulling the bearing cone 6 or its head region 20 toward the pressure plate 10 and pressing the pressure plate 10 onto the top surface 12 of the crushing shroud 4 accordingly.

[0099] Furthermore, the pressure plate 10 includes at least two additional holes 46 (e.g., through holes or blind holes). When the conical crushing shroud 4 has been securely attached to the bearing cone 6 and when the hydraulic pretensioning device 24 has been released and removed from the pressure plate 10, the at least two additional holes 46 are adapted to receive the fixing device 48 of the protective cover 50 outside the pretensioning process (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2 During the intended use of the cone crusher 100, the protective cover 50 covers the pressure plate 10 and the attachment screws 18. The protective cover 50 is preferably made of steel, particularly a particularly hard steel, such as medium or high carbon steel, which has been heat-treated and then quenched, possibly followed by tempering. Preferably, the protective cover 50 is made of the same wear-resistant manganese steel casting as the crushing shroud 4.

[0100] At least two other holes 46 are preferably threaded holes, and the fixing device 48 for the protective cover 50 is preferably a screw screwed into the threaded hole 46 of the pressure plate 10. The screw head 52 for fastening the protective cover 50 to the pressure plate 10 is preferably recessed into the top surface 54 of the protective cover 50 so as to withstand minimal possible wear during the intended use of the cone crusher 100.

[0101] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the support cone 6 has an anchoring element 56, which is introduced from below into a corresponding opening in the head region 20 of the support cone 6. The anchoring element 56 has a collar 58 extending in a substantially radial direction, thereby providing a contact surface 60. After being inserted into the opening in the head region 20, the anchoring element 56 abuts against the remainder of the support cone 6 via the contact surface 60. The anchoring element 56 may form part of or the entire head region 20 of the support cone 6. A threaded blind hole 40 is provided in the anchoring element 56. A threaded blind hole 22 is also provided in the anchoring element 56. Of course, the support cone 6 may also be implemented as a single component without a separate anchoring element 56.

[0102] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the bearing cone 6 has a sleeve-shaped element 62 that is inserted into and secured in a hole in the anchoring element 56. Preferably, the sleeve-shaped element 62 is secured in the opening of the anchoring element 56 by a threaded connection 64, the threaded connection 64 including external threads on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve-shaped element 62 and internal threads in the sidewall of the hole in the anchoring element 56. The sleeve-shaped element 62 has a collar 66 that extends substantially radially. The sleeve-shaped element 62 forms part of the head region 20 of the bearing cone 6. A threaded blind hole 40 is provided in the sleeve-shaped element 62. A threaded blind hole 22 is provided in the collar 66 of the sleeve-shaped element 62. Of course, the bearing cone 6 can also be implemented as a single component without a separate anchoring element 56 and sleeve-shaped element 62.

[0103] Furthermore, Figure 3 and 4 The pressure plate 10 has a collar-shaped or sleeve-shaped section 68 extending axially from the plate-shaped section 70 of the pressure plate 10 toward the crushing shroud 4. It is sufficient for the collar-shaped or sleeve-shaped section 68 to have an axially extending component. The collar-shaped or sleeve-shaped section 68 need not extend only in the axial direction. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the middle, the ring-shaped or sleeve-shaped section 68 also has a radial extension component.

[0104] This design of the pressure plate 10 provides additional space between the plate-like section 70 of the pressure plate 10 and the top surface or head region 20 of the supporting cone 6. Figure 3 and 4 In one embodiment, the top surface of the supporting cone 6 is formed by the surface of the sleeve-shaped element 62 facing the plate-shaped section 70 of the pressure plate 10. Particularly advantageous is that the head region 20 of the supporting cone 6 includes multiple components, such as components 6, 56, 62, attached to each other, for example by friction or one or more threaded connections. An inclined circumferential surface 44 (through which the pressure plate 10 rests on the top surface 12 of the crushing shroud 4) is preferably provided on the distal circumferential end of the annular or sleeve-shaped section 68 of the pressure plate 10 opposite to the plate-shaped section 70 of the pressure plate 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the top portion of the sleeve-shaped element 62 (particularly the collar 66) is arranged in additional spaces, which are respectively provided within the pressure plate 10 or its annular or sleeve-shaped section 68.

Claims

1. An apparatus (2) for attaching a conical crushing shroud (4) of a cone crusher (100) to a bearing cone (6) of the cone crusher (100) and for disassembling the crushing shroud (4) from the bearing cone (6), the bearing cone (6) having a bearing cone axis (8), the apparatus (2) comprising: - Pressure plate (10), which is adapted to rest on the top surface (12) of the crushing hood (4); - The pressure plate (10) includes a central opening (14) and at least two through holes (16) positioned around the central opening (14); - At least two attachment screws (18), wherein each of at least two through holes (16) is assigned one of the screws (18), and each of the screws (18) is adapted to be inserted into the through hole (16) assigned to it and screwed into the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6), thereby pressing the crushing shield (4) against the bearing cone (6) in an axial direction that extends substantially parallel to the axis (8) of the bearing cone; as well as - A hydraulically actuated pretensioning device (24) adapted to press the crushing shield (4) against the bearing cone (6) in the axial direction during pretensioning, before tightening the screws (18) in the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6) and before loosening the screws (18) in the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6) during the attachment of the crushing shield (4) to the bearing cone (6), and during the removal of the crushing shield (4) from the bearing cone (6), before loosening the screws (18) in the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6), the hydraulically actuated pretensioning device (24) comprising a pressure chamber (26) and a piston (28) for limiting the pressure chamber (26), the pressure chamber (26) being adapted to receive pressurized hydraulic medium, thereby increasing the volume of the pressure chamber (26) and moving the piston (28), wherein the movement of the piston (28) causes the crushing shield (4) to press against the bearing cone (6); Its features are: - A hydraulic pretensioning device (24) is adapted to be externally applied to a pressure plate (10) during the pretensioning process, such that the piston rod (36) of the piston (28) or a rod-like element attached thereto extends through the central opening (14) of the pressure plate (10) and is attached to the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6), wherein the pressure chamber (26) of the hydraulic pretensioning device (24) and the piston (28) are located on the side of the pressure plate (10) opposite to the bearing cone (6); and -The hydraulic pretensioning device (24) is also adapted to be released from the pressure plate (10) outside of the pretensioning process.

2. The device (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The release of the pretensioning device (24) from the pressure plate (10) includes: removing the piston rod (36) from the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6) and pulling it out of the central opening (14) of the pressure plate (10).

3. The device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pretensioning device (24) includes a housing (30) which rests on the side of the pressure plate (10) opposite to the bearing cone (6) during the pretensioning process.

4. The device (2) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure chamber (26) and piston (28) are located inside the housing (30).

5. The device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The piston rod (36) includes an external thread that is screwed into a threaded hole (40) in the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6) during the pre-tensioning process.

6. The device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The device (2) includes at least three attachment screws (18).

7. The device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pressure plate (10) includes at least two other holes (46) adapted to receive the fixing device (48) of the protective cover (50) outside the pre-tensioning process and when the hydraulic pre-tensioning device (24) has been released from the pressure plate (10).

8. The device (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least two other holes (46) are threaded holes, and the fixing device (48) of the protective cover (50) is a screw.

9. The device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pressure plate (10) has an inclined outer peripheral surface (44) and is adapted to rest on the top surface (12) of the crushing hood (4) with its inclined outer peripheral surface (44).

10. The device (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The crushing shroud (4) has an opening (42) in its top surface (12), which has an inclined inner circumferential surface around the opening (42), and the pressure plate (10) is adapted to rest on the inclined inner circumferential surface of the crushing shroud (4) with its inclined outer circumferential surface (44).

11. The device (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two through holes (16) are positioned equidistant from each other in the circumferential direction.

12. The device (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device (2) includes five or seven attachment screws (18).

13. The device (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device (2) includes eight attachment screws (18).

14. A method for attaching a cone crusher shroud (4) of a cone crusher (100) to a bearing cone (6) of the cone crusher (100) and for removing the shroud (4) from the bearing cone (6), the bearing cone (6) having a bearing cone axis (8), the method comprising: - Place the pressure plate (10) on the top surface (12) of the crushing hood (4). The pressure plate (10) includes a central opening (14) and at least two through holes (16) positioned around the central opening (14). - Insert the attachment screws (18) into each through hole (16) and screw the screws (18) into the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6), thereby pressing the crushing shield (4) against the bearing cone (6) in an axial direction that extends substantially parallel to the axis (8) of the bearing cone; - A hydraulically actuated pretensioning device (24) is used, which is adapted to press the crushing shroud (4) against the bearing cone (6) in the axial direction during pretensioning, before tightening the screws (18) in the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6) and during the removal of the crushing shroud (4) from the bearing cone (6) before loosening the screws (18) in the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6), wherein the hydraulic pretensioning device (24) includes a pressure chamber (26) and a piston (28) that limits the pressure chamber (26); - By supplying pressurized hydraulic medium to the pressure chamber (26) to actuate the pretensioning device (24), the volume of the pressure chamber (26) is increased and the piston (28) is moved, causing the crushing shield (4) to press against the bearing cone (6); and - Tighten the attachment screw (18) to attach the crushing cover (4) to the bearing cone (6), or loosen the attachment screw (18) to remove the crushing cover (4) from the bearing cone (6); Its features are: - During the pre-tensioning process, a hydraulic pre-tensioning device (24) is externally applied to the pressure plate (10) such that the piston rod (36) of the piston (28) or a rod-like element attached thereto extends through the central opening (14) of the pressure plate (10) and is attached to the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6), wherein the pressure chamber (26) of the hydraulic pre-tensioning device (24) and the piston (28) are located on the side of the pressure plate (10) opposite to the bearing cone (6); and - Outside of the pre-tensioning process, the hydraulic pre-tensioning device (24) is released from the pressure plate (10).

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of releasing the pretensioning device (24) from the pressure plate (10) includes removing the piston rod (36) from the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6) and pulling the piston rod (36) out of the center opening (14) of the pressure plate (10).

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The piston rod (36) has external threads and is screwed into a threaded hole (40) in the head region (20) of the bearing cone (6) before the pre-tensioning process.

17. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, Outside of the pre-tensioning process and after the hydraulic pre-tensioning device (24) has been released from the pressure plate (10), a protective cover (50) covering the pressure plate (10) is installed.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The installation of the protective cover (50) includes inserting the fixing device (48) of the protective cover (50) into at least two other holes (46) provided in the pressure plate (10) to attach the protective cover (50) to the pressure plate (10).

19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The installation of the protective cover (50) involves inserting the screws (48) of the protective cover (50) into at least two other threaded holes (46) of the pressure plate (10) to attach the protective cover (50) to the pressure plate (10).

20. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The at least two through holes (16) are positioned equidistant from each other in the circumferential direction.

21. A cone crusher (100) comprising a cone-shaped crushing shroud (4) and a supporting cone (6), characterized in that, The crushing shroud (4) is attached to and / or removed from the bearing cone (6) by means of the device (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

Images