A gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy saving system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of energy conservation and renewable energy utilization technology, and discloses a gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system, including a gas pressure reduction branch, a circulating water heat exchange branch, and a heat pump unit branch. The gas pressure reduction branch includes an emergency shut-off valve, a vortex tube heat separator, a heat exchanger, a condenser, and a pressure regulating valve. The circulating water heat exchange branch includes a heat exchanger, a condenser, an evaporator, a flow valve, and a water distributor. The heat pump unit branch includes a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and a compressor. The vortex tube heat separator is used to convert the gas pressure energy of the upstream gas into two gas paths: hot and cold. The high-temperature gas can directly enter the pressure regulating valve for throttling and pressure reduction, and the excess heat can be used to provide hot water. The low-temperature gas enters the throttling valve for pressure reduction after secondary heat exchange through cooling water and the heat pump unit condenser. The beneficial effect of this invention is that the heat pump unit can be used only to heat the preheated cold-end gas, reducing the heat pump unit's processing and heating load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy conservation and renewable energy utilization technology, and to a gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, high-pressure transmission is commonly used for long-distance natural gas transportation to reduce energy loss during the process. Before the high-pressure gas is delivered from upstream to the downstream gas turbine, it needs to be depressurized according to user requirements. However, during the depressurization process, the gas temperature decreases due to the Joule-Thomson effect. Under the same downstream outlet pressure, the higher the upstream pressure, the more significant the temperature drop, and the more prone the pipeline is to ice blockage, posing a potential threat to the safe operation of the station.

[0003] The existing pressure regulation method is to preheat the gas before pressure regulation by using boilers, heat exchangers, etc. Although this method avoids ice blockage to some extent, it not only wastes a lot of high-quality pressure energy, but also consumes a lot of electricity.

[0004] Existing technologies often employ turbine expansion recovery technology to recover residual gas pressure. However, this technology suffers from a "dynamic seal" design, resulting in short shaft seal lifespan and susceptibility to failure, potentially leading to gas leakage. Furthermore, the turbine expansion unit requires heating the inlet gas during the depressurization process to offset the temperature drop caused by the Joule-Thomson effect. While heating the gas before expansion can meet the depressurization requirements, it increases the heat load of the recovery process. Due to the low energy conversion efficiency of expansion recovery equipment, the heating cost often exceeds the benefits of expansion power generation. Therefore, existing turbine expansion methods are economically unsustainable and difficult to operate long-term. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system. It employs vortex tube thermal separation technology to improve the pressure energy recovery and utilization process. Through its vortex tube thermal separation device flow distribution and regulation system, it can not only meet the pressure regulation needs of the gas turbine operating station, but also convert the originally wasted inlet residual pressure into cold and hot energy, reduce the power consumption of the heat pump unit, and provide additional cold energy, thus having good economic value.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A gas turbine inlet pressure relief energy-saving system includes a gas pressure reduction branch, a circulating water heat exchange branch, and a heat pump unit branch. The gas pressure reduction branch includes a vortex tube heat separator, a heat exchanger, a first pressure regulating valve, a condenser, and a second pressure regulating valve. The upstream gas inlet is split into two paths after passing through the vortex tube heat separator. The hot end of the vortex tube heat separator is connected sequentially to the heat exchanger and the first pressure regulating valve, and the gas after passing through the heat exchanger enters the first pressure regulating valve. The cold end of the vortex tube heat separator is connected sequentially to the condenser and the second pressure regulating valve, and the gas after passing through the condenser enters the second pressure regulating valve. The gas flowing out from the first pressure regulating valve mixes with the gas flowing out from the second pressure regulating valve and is then connected to the gas turbine generator unit. The circulating water heat exchange branch includes a heat exchanger, a condenser, an evaporator, and a water distributor. The circulating water heat exchange branch is divided into three lines: an upper line, a middle line, and a lower line. The circulating water in the upper line is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to provide domestic hot water. The circulating water in the middle line is connected to the vortex tube heat separator and the water distributor in sequence, recovering the cold energy of the low-temperature gas for cooling the plant's air conditioning network, preventing the formation of natural gas hydrates at the cold end of the vortex tube heat separator from blocking the pipeline, and making full use of the waste heat of the circulating water to heat the low-temperature gas, reducing the heating load of the heat pump unit. The circulating water in the lower line is connected to the evaporator and the water distributor in sequence, using the waste heat of the circulating water to provide a heat source for the heat pump unit, and recovering the cold energy of the evaporator to provide cooling water for the plant's air conditioning network. The heat pump unit branch includes a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and a compressor. One end of the evaporator is connected to the downstream compressor, the compressor is connected to the condenser, the condenser is connected to the expansion valve, and the expansion valve is connected to the evaporator, forming a circulation loop. The organic working fluid of the heat pump unit is located on one side of the condenser, absorbing low-temperature waste heat from the circulating water in the evaporator. After the compressor performs work, the temperature of the organic working fluid of the heat pump unit rises, which is used to heat the low-temperature gas on the other side of the condenser, ensuring that the gas temperature before entering the second pressure regulating valve meets the requirements for throttling, pressure reduction, and temperature reduction. The first and second pressure regulating valves are used to protect the gas turbine from the effects of load fluctuations, ensuring that the gas turbine inlet pressure meets the operating requirements under different flow rates and pressures.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas pressure reduction branch also includes a shut-off valve, which is located between the upstream gas and the vortex tube heat separator. The upstream gas inlet is connected to the input end of the shut-off valve, and the output end of the shut-off valve is connected to the vortex tube heat separator. The shut-off valve is used to cut off the passage to the upstream gas in an emergency.

[0009] Furthermore, the circulating water heat exchange branch also includes a first flow valve, a second flow valve, and a third flow valve. The circulating water in the upper branch is connected to the heat exchanger after passing through the first flow valve; the circulating water in the middle branch is connected to the vortex tube heat separator and the water distributor in sequence after passing through the second flow valve; and the circulating water in the lower branch is connected to the evaporator and the water distributor in sequence after passing through the third flow valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the vortex tube heat separator includes a vortex tube and a cold flow ratio adjustment device. The vortex tube includes an outer cylinder, a first air inlet disposed on the outer cylinder, a cold pipe disposed on one side of the outer cylinder, a cold end disposed at the end of the cold pipe, a hot pipe disposed on the other side of the outer cylinder, and a hot end disposed at the end of the hot pipe. The first air inlet is connected to the upstream gas inlet. The vortex tube heat separator is used to convert the gas pressure energy of the upstream gas into cold energy and hot energy. The cold energy is output from the cold end, and the hot energy is output from the hot end. The cold flow ratio adjustment device includes a second air inlet disposed on its side wall. The lower end of the cold flow ratio adjustment device is connected to the hot pipe of the vortex tube, and the upper part of the cold flow ratio adjustment device is connected to the upstream gas inlet through the second air inlet thereon. It is used to adjust the airflow ratio between the cold end and the hot end in the vortex tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the cold flow ratio regulating device is a flow regulating valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the cold flow ratio adjustment device also includes a connecting rod, a cone, a housing, a spring, an upper plate, a lower plate, and a valve body arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the housing; the upper plate and the lower plate are matched with the inner wall of the housing, dividing the interior of the cold flow ratio adjustment device into three cavities: a first cavity formed by the upper plate, the top of the housing, and the inner wall of the housing; a second cavity formed by the upper plate, the lower plate, and the inner wall of the housing; and a third cavity formed by the lower plate, the valve body, and the inner wall of the housing; the spring is located in the first cavity, and its lower end is connected to the upper part of the upper plate; the lower plate has a central hole, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the lower part of the upper plate, and the other end passes through the central hole of the lower plate and connects to the cone; the second air inlet is located on the side wall of the second cavity; the cone is located in the third cavity, and the valve body is connected to the heat pipe of the vortex tube. The cone and the valve body are matched, and the opening between the cone and the valve body is adjusted by the up-and-down movement of the cone to regulate the flow rate of the hot end fluid.

[0013] Furthermore, the vortex tube heat separator also includes baffles, which include a first baffle disposed at the left end of the cold pipe, a second baffle disposed at the left side of the outer cylinder, a third baffle disposed at the right side of the outer cylinder, and a fourth baffle disposed at the right end of the hot pipe. The first baffle, the second baffle, the third baffle, and the fourth baffle are all provided with positioning holes. The cold pipe is installed in the positioning hole of the first baffle, the hot pipe is installed in the positioning hole of the fourth baffle, and the left and right sides of the outer cylinder are respectively installed in the positioning holes of the second baffle and the third baffle.

[0014] Furthermore, there are several vortex tubes arranged in parallel array, and the baffle acts as the skeleton of the vortex tube heat separator, supporting and positioning the vortex tubes; the positioning holes of the baffle correspond one-to-one with the arrangement of the vortex tubes. The cold flow ratio adjustment device is also configured one-to-one with the vortex tubes.

[0015] Furthermore, the vortex tube heat separator also includes a first intake pipe and a second intake pipe; the input end of the first intake pipe is connected to the upstream gas inlet, and the output end is connected to the first intake port; the input end of the second intake pipe is connected to the upstream gas inlet, and the output end is connected to the second intake port.

[0016] Furthermore, when there are multiple vortex tubes and cold flow ratio adjustment devices, the first intake pipeline includes a first intake main pipe, a first intake branch pipe connected to the output port of the first intake main pipe, and a first intake output port disposed on the first intake branch pipe. The first intake output port is connected to the first intake port, and the input port of the first intake main pipe is connected to the upstream gas inlet. There are multiple first intake branch pipes arranged in parallel. There are also multiple first intake output ports arranged in parallel. Similarly, the second intake pipeline includes a second intake main pipe, a second intake branch pipe connected to the output port of the second intake main pipe, and a second intake output port disposed on the second intake branch pipe. The second intake output port is connected to the second intake port, and the input port of the second intake main pipe is connected to the upstream gas inlet. There are also multiple second intake branch pipes arranged in parallel. There are also multiple second intake output ports arranged in parallel.

[0017] Furthermore, the vortex tube heat separator also includes an outer shell, a cold end total outlet, and a hot end total outlet. The outer shell encloses a plurality of vortex tubes, a cold flow ratio adjustment device, and a baffle. The cold ends of the plurality of vortex tubes are combined to form the cold end total outlet, and the hot ends of the plurality of vortex tubes are combined to form the hot end total outlet.

[0018] Furthermore, the vortex tube heat separator also includes a circulating water main inlet and a circulating water main outlet disposed on the outer shell. The circulating water main inlet includes a first circulating water inlet and a second circulating water inlet arranged in parallel. The circulating water main outlet includes a first circulating water outlet and a second circulating water outlet arranged in parallel. The first circulating water inlet and the first circulating water outlet are a pair of inlet and outlet, disposed between a first baffle and a second baffle. After the circulating water flows in from the first circulating water inlet, it exchanges heat with the cold end wall of the vortex tube, recovers the cold energy generated by the vortex tube, and uses the circulating water to preheat the gas, reducing the heat load of the heat pump unit. The second circulating water inlet and the second circulating water outlet are a pair of inlet and outlet, disposed between a second baffle and a third baffle. After the circulating water flows in from the second circulating water inlet, it exchanges heat with the outer cylinder of the vortex tube, and then flows out from the second circulating water outlet to heat the outer cylinder, preventing the gas from expanding and cooling at the internal nozzle to form natural gas hydrate, which would block the pipeline. At the same time, it recovers heat energy and reduces the heat load of the heat pump unit.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The energy-saving system of the present invention combines the vortex tube heat separator with the heat pump unit, so that the heat pump unit is only used to heat the preheated cold end gas, reducing the heat pump unit's processing capacity and heating capacity, and has good economic value.

[0021] (2) The vortex tube heat separator of the present invention uses vortex tube heat separation technology to improve the pressure energy recovery and utilization process, converting pressure energy into cold energy and heat energy, which can reduce the heating load during the pressure regulation process, effectively reduce the heating amount of the heat pump unit, and provide additional cold energy, thereby improving the economic efficiency of gas turbine unit operation and enhancing the maturity of existing gas turbine unit operation, thus enabling the gas turbine unit operation level to develop in a more economical and environmentally friendly direction.

[0022] (3) The residual pressure recovery system of the present invention adopts eddy tube thermal separation technology, which has the advantages of reliable operation, low cost, convenient modification and maintenance, and small footprint. It is suitable for the improvement and energy-saving utilization of small and medium-sized gas turbine generator sets and can be applied to gas turbine power generation and other fields.

[0023] (4) Compared with the existing turbine expansion recovery technology, the residual pressure recovery system of the present invention can avoid gas leakage caused by shaft seal, which helps to improve the safety and reliability of the recovery system. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gas turbine inlet residual pressure recovery system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex tube heat separator in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a single vortex tube heat separator in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This refers to the internal flow channel structure of a single vortex tube heat separator in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined arrangement of several vortex tubes in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet pipes of several vortex tube heat separators in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of several cold flow ratio adjustment devices in this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a single branch pipe assembly of the cold flow ratio adjustment device in this invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cold flow ratio adjustment device in this invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex tube heat separator and the intake and exhaust pipes assembled in this invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is an assembly diagram of the vortex tube heat separator and the baffle used to fix the vortex tube heat separator in this invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vortex tube heat separator in this invention.

[0036] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0037] 1 is a shut-off valve; 2 is a vortex tube heat separator; 2-1 is a vortex tube; 2-1-1 is the first air inlet; 2-1-2 is the outer cylinder; 2-1-3 is the cold pipe; 2-1-3-1 is the cold end; 2-1-4 is the hot pipe; 2-1-4-1 is the hot end; 2-1-5 is a nozzle; 2-2 is the main circulating water inlet; 2-2-1 is the first circulating water inlet; 2-2-2 is the second circulating water inlet; 2-3 is the main circulating water outlet; 2-3-1 is the first circulating water outlet; 2-3-2 is the second circulating water outlet; 2-4-1 is the first baffle; 2-4-2 is the second baffle; 2-4-3 is the third baffle; 2-4-4 is the fourth baffle; 2-5 is a cold flow ratio adjustment device; 2-5-1 is the second air inlet; 2-5- 2 is the spring; 2-5-3 is the upper plate; 2-5-4 is the housing; 2-5-5 is the lower plate; 2-5-6 is the connecting rod; 2-5-7 is the cone; 2-5-8 is the valve body; 2-6 is the cold end main outlet; 2-7 is the hot end main outlet; 2-8 is the first air inlet pipe; 2-8-1 is the first air inlet main pipe; 2-8-2 is the first air inlet branch pipe; 2-8-3 is the first air inlet outlet; 2-9 is the second air inlet pipe; 2-9-1 is the second air inlet main pipe; 2-9-2 is the second air inlet branch pipe; 3 is the heat exchanger; 4 is the condenser; 5 is the expansion valve; 6 is the evaporator; 7 is the compressor; 8 is the first pressure regulating valve; 9 is the second flow valve; 10 is the water distributor; 11 is the second pressure regulating valve; 12 is the first flow valve; 13 is the third flow valve. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may include different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Based on the characteristics of existing gas turbine operating stations and considering the problem of significant waste of gas inlet pressure, this invention proposes a gas turbine inlet waste pressure energy-saving system, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a gas pressure reduction branch, a circulating water heat exchange branch, and a heat pump unit branch. The gas pressure reduction branch includes a vortex tube heat separator 2, a heat exchanger 3, a first pressure regulating valve 8, a condenser 4, and a second pressure regulating valve 11. The upstream gas inlet is split into two paths after passing through the vortex tube heat separator 2. The hot end 2-1-4-1 of the vortex tube heat separator 2 is connected sequentially to the heat exchanger 3 and the first pressure regulating valve 8, allowing the gas after passing through the heat exchanger 3 to enter the first pressure regulating valve 8. The cold end 2-1-3-1 of the vortex tube heat separator 2 is connected sequentially to the condenser 4 and the second pressure regulating valve 11, allowing the gas after passing through the condenser 4 to enter the second pressure regulating valve 11. The gas flowing out from the first pressure regulating valve 8 mixes with the gas flowing out from the second pressure regulating valve 11 and then connects to the gas turbine generator set. The circulating water heat exchange branch includes a heat exchanger 3, a condenser 4, an evaporator 6, and a water distributor 10. The circulating water heat exchange branch is divided into three lines: an upper line, a middle line, and a lower line. The circulating water in the upper line is connected to the heat exchanger 3 and is used to provide domestic hot water. The circulating water in the middle line is connected to the vortex tube heat separator 2 and the water distributor 10 in sequence. It recovers the cold energy of the low-temperature gas for use in the cooling of the plant's air conditioning network, prevents the formation of natural gas hydrates at the cold end 2-1-3-1 of the vortex tube heat separator 2, which would block the pipeline, and makes full use of the waste heat of the circulating water to heat the low-temperature gas, reducing the heating load of the heat pump unit. The circulating water in the lower line is connected to the evaporator 6 and the water distributor 10 in sequence. It uses the waste heat of the circulating water to provide a heat source for the heat pump unit and recovers the cold energy of the evaporator 6 to provide cooling water for the plant's air conditioning network. The heat pump unit branch includes a condenser 4, an expansion valve 5, an evaporator 6, and a compressor 7. One end of the evaporator 6 is connected to the downstream compressor 7, the compressor 7 is connected to the condenser 4, the condenser 4 is connected to the expansion valve 5, and the expansion valve 5 is connected to the evaporator 6, forming a circulation loop. The organic working fluid of the heat pump unit is located on one side of the condenser 4, absorbing the low-temperature waste heat from the circulating water in the evaporator 6. After the compressor 7 performs work, the temperature of the organic working fluid of the heat pump unit rises, which is used to heat the low-temperature gas on the other side of the condenser 4, ensuring that the gas temperature before entering the second pressure regulating valve 11 meets the requirements for throttling, pressure reduction, and temperature reduction. The first pressure regulating valve 8 and the second pressure regulating valve 11 are used to protect the gas turbine from the effects of load fluctuations, ensuring that the gas turbine inlet pressure meets the operating requirements under different flow rates and pressures.

[0042] The circuit of the heat pump unit of this invention is as follows: the temperature of the organic working fluid exiting through the expansion valve 5 is lower than that of the circulating water, absorbing the waste heat of the circulating water. The circulating water absorbs the cold energy of the evaporator 6. After passing through the compressor 7, the temperature of the organic working fluid is higher than that of the low-temperature gas, thus heating the low-temperature gas, and the cycle repeats. This invention improves upon the problem of the original gas heating method relying solely on heat pump heating, reducing the energy consumption of the heat pump unit.

[0043] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the gas pressure reduction branch also includes a shut-off valve 1. The shut-off valve 1 is located between the upstream gas and the vortex tube heat separator 2. The upstream gas inlet is connected to the input end of the shut-off valve 1, and the output end of the shut-off valve 1 is connected to the vortex tube heat separator 2. The shut-off valve 1 is used to cut off the passage with the upstream gas in an emergency.

[0044] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the circulating water heat exchange branch also includes a first flow valve 12, a second flow valve 9, and a third flow valve 13. The circulating water in the upper branch is connected to the heat exchanger 3 after passing through the first flow valve 12; the circulating water in the middle branch is connected to the vortex tube heat separator 2 and the water distributor 10 in sequence after passing through the second flow valve 9; and the circulating water in the lower branch is connected to the evaporator 6 and the water distributor 10 in sequence after passing through the third flow valve 13.

[0045] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the vortex tube heat separator 2 includes a vortex tube 2-1 and a cold flow ratio adjustment device 2-5. The vortex tube 2-1 includes an outer cylinder 2-1-2, a first air inlet 2-1-1 disposed on the outer cylinder 2-1-2, a cold pipe 2-1-3 disposed on one side of the outer cylinder 2-1-2, a cold end 2-1-3-1 disposed at the end of the cold pipe 2-1-3, a hot pipe 2-1-4 disposed on the other side of the outer cylinder 2-1-2, and a hot end 2-1-4-1 disposed at the end of the hot pipe 2-1-4. The first air inlet 2-1-1 is connected to the upstream gas inlet. Device 2 is used to convert the gas pressure energy of the upstream gas into cold energy and hot energy. The cold energy is output from the cold end 2-1-3-1 and the hot energy is output from the hot end 2-1-4-1. The cold flow ratio regulating device 2-5 includes a second air inlet 2-5-1 set on its side wall. The lower end of the cold flow ratio regulating device 2-5 is connected to the hot pipe 2-1-4 of the vortex tube 2-1. The upper part of the cold flow ratio regulating device 2-5 is connected to the upstream gas inlet through the second air inlet 2-5-1 on it. It is used to regulate the airflow ratio between the cold end 2-1-3-1 and the hot end 2-1-4-1 in the vortex tube 2-1.

[0046] like Figure 9As shown, the cold flow ratio regulating device 2-5 also includes a connecting rod 2-5-6, a cone 2-5-7, a housing 2-5-4, a spring 2-5-2, an upper plate 2-5-3, a lower plate 2-5-5, and a valve body 2-5-8 arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the housing 2-5-4. The upper plate 2-5-3 and the lower plate 2-5-5 are matched with the inner wall of the housing 2-5-4, dividing the interior of the cold flow ratio regulating device 2-5 into three cavities: the first cavity formed by the upper plate 2-5-3, the top of the housing 2-5-4, and the inner wall of the housing 2-5-4; the second cavity formed by the upper plate 2-5-3, the lower plate 2-5-5, and the inner wall of the housing 2-5-4; and the third cavity formed by the lower plate 2-5-5, the valve body 2-5-8, and the inner wall of the housing 2-5-4. The three inner cavities are: a spring 2-5-2 is located in the first inner cavity, and its lower end is connected to the upper part of the upper plate 2-5-3; the lower plate 2-5-5 is provided with a central hole, one end of the connecting rod 2-5-6 is connected to the lower part of the upper plate 2-5-3, and the other end passes through the central hole of the lower plate 2-5-5 and is connected to the cone 2-5-7; the second air inlet 2-5-1 is located on the side wall of the second inner cavity; the cone 2-5-7 is located in the third inner cavity, and the valve body 2-5-8 is connected to the hot pipe 2-1-4 of the vortex tube 2-1. The cone 2-5-7 and the valve body 2-5-8 are matched and arranged. The opening between the cone 2-5-7 and the valve body 2-5-8 is adjusted by the up and down movement of the cone 2-5-7, so as to adjust the flow rate of the fluid at the hot end 2-1-4-1.

[0047] The working principle of the cold flow ratio regulating device 2-5 of the present invention is as follows: When the gas pressure at the second air inlet 2-5-1 increases, the upper plate 2-5-3 is subjected to increased force, which compresses the spring 2-5-2 and pushes the connecting rod 2-5-6 upward, thereby increasing the opening between the cone 2-5-7 and the valve body 2-5-8 and increasing the air flow ratio at the hot end 2-1-4-1; When the gas pressure at the second air inlet 2-5-1 decreases, the pressure between the cavity composed of the upper plate 2-5-3, the wall surface and the lower plate 2-5-5 decreases, and the spring 2-5-2 pushes the upper plate 2-5-3 downward, thereby decreasing the opening between the cone 2-5-7 and the valve body 2-5-8 and increasing the air flow ratio at the cold end 2-1-3-1.

[0048] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 11As shown, the vortex tube heat separator 2 also includes baffles, which include a first baffle 2-4-1 located at the left end of the cold pipe 2-1-3, a second baffle 2-4-2 located at the left side of the outer cylinder 2-1-2, a third baffle 2-4-3 located at the right side of the outer cylinder 2-1-2, and a fourth baffle 2-4-4 located at the right end of the hot pipe 2-1-4. The first baffle 2-4-1, the second baffle 2-4-2, the third baffle 2-4-3, and the fourth baffle 2-4-4 are all provided with positioning holes. The cold pipe 2-1-3 is installed in the positioning hole of the first baffle 2-4-1, the hot pipe 2-1-4 is installed in the positioning hole of the fourth baffle 2-4-4, and the left and right sides of the outer cylinder 2-1-2 are respectively installed in the positioning holes of the second baffle 2-4-2 and the third baffle 2-4-3.

[0049] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 5 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 As shown, there are several vortex tubes 2-1 arranged in parallel array. The baffle acts as the skeleton of the vortex tube heat separator 2, supporting and positioning the vortex tubes 2-1. The positioning holes of the baffle correspond one-to-one with the arrangement of the vortex tubes 2-1. The cold flow ratio adjustment device 2-5 is also configured one-to-one with the vortex tubes 2-1.

[0050] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, the vortex tube heat separator 2 also includes a first air inlet pipe 2-8 and a second air inlet pipe 2-9; the input end of the first air inlet pipe 2-8 is connected to the upstream gas inlet, and the output end is connected to the first air inlet 2-1-1; the input end of the second air inlet pipe 2-9 is connected to the upstream gas inlet, and the output end is connected to the second air inlet 2-5-1.

[0051] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figures 6 to 8 , Figures 10 to 11As shown, and when there are multiple vortex tubes 2-1 and cold flow ratio adjustment devices 2-5, the first intake pipe 2-8 includes a first intake main pipe 2-8-1, a first intake branch pipe 2-8-2 connected to the output port of the first intake main pipe 2-8-1, and a first intake output port 2-8-3 provided on the first intake branch pipe 2-8-2. The first intake output port 2-8-3 is connected to the first intake port 2-1-1, and the input port of the first intake main pipe 2-8-1 is connected to the upstream gas inlet. There are multiple first intake branch pipes 2-8-2 arranged in parallel. There are multiple first intake output ports 2-8-3 arranged in parallel. Similarly, the second intake pipe 2-9 includes a second intake main pipe 2-9-1, a second intake branch pipe 2-9-2 connected to the output port of the second intake main pipe 2-9-1, and a second intake output port provided on the second intake branch pipe 2-9-2. The second intake output port is connected to the second intake port 2-5-1, and the input port of the second intake main pipe 2-9-1 is connected to the upstream gas inlet. There are several second intake branch pipes 2-9-2 arranged in parallel. There are several second intake output ports arranged in parallel.

[0052] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 12 As shown, the vortex tube heat separator 2 also includes an outer shell 2-5-4, a cold end total outlet 2-6, and a hot end total outlet 2-7. The outer shell 2-5-4 encloses several vortex tubes 2-1, a cold flow ratio adjustment device 2-5, and a baffle. The cold ends 2-1-3-1 of several vortex tubes 2-1 are combined to form the cold end total outlet 2-6, and the hot ends 2-1-4-1 of several vortex tubes 2-1 are combined to form the hot end total outlet 2-7.

[0053] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 12As shown, the vortex tube heat separator 2 also includes a circulating water inlet 2-2 and a circulating water outlet 2-3 disposed on the outer casing 2-5-4. The circulating water inlet 2-2 includes a first circulating water inlet 2-2-1 and a second circulating water inlet 2-2-2 arranged in parallel. The circulating water outlet 2-3 includes a first circulating water outlet 2-3-1 and a second circulating water outlet 2-3-2 arranged in parallel. The first circulating water inlet 2-2-1 and the first circulating water outlet 2-3-1 are a pair of inlets and outlets, disposed between the first baffle 2-4-1 and the second baffle 2-4-2. After the circulating water flows in from the first circulating water inlet 2-2-1, it interacts with the cold end 2-1-3 of the vortex tube 2-1. Heat exchange occurs within the pipe wall of tube 1, recovering the cold energy generated by the vortex tube 2-1, and the circulating water is used to preheat the gas, reducing the heat load of the heat pump unit. The second circulating water inlet 2-2-2 and the second circulating water outlet 2-3-2 are a pair of inlets and outlets, located between the second baffle 2-4-2 and the third baffle 2-4-3. After the circulating water flows in from the second circulating water inlet 2-2-2, it exchanges heat with the outer cylinder 2-1-2 of the vortex tube 2-1, and then flows out from the second circulating water outlet 2-3-2 to heat the outer cylinder 2-1-2, preventing the gas from expanding and cooling at the internal nozzle 2-1-5 to form natural gas hydrate, which would block the pipeline. At the same time, heat energy is recovered, reducing the heat load of the heat pump unit.

[0054] The working principle of the vortex tube heat separator 2 in this invention is as follows: After the high-pressure gas passes through the shut-off valve 1, it enters the vortex tube heat separator 2 for a pressure reduction. When the gas enters each vortex tube 2-1, the nozzle 2-1-5 of the vortex tube 2-1 induces the gas to rotate and generate a centrifugal force field. The gas near the outer wall of the hot pipe 2-1-4 is compressed and the temperature rises. The central gas expands and the temperature drops. Under the obstruction of the valve body 2-5-8 of the cold flow ratio adjustment device 2-5, it flows out from the cold pipe 2-1-3, realizing the separation of hot and cold gas and converting the gas pressure energy into cold energy and hot energy.

[0055] The working process and principle of this invention are as follows:

[0056] High-temperature gas enters heat exchanger 3 at the hot end 2-1-4-1 of vortex tube heat separator 2, heats the circulating water flowing through heat exchanger 3, and then enters the first pressure regulating valve 8 for secondary pressure reduction.

[0057] The low-temperature gas in the intermediate cooling pipe 2-1-3 of the vortex tube heat separator 2 has a low temperature value. If it directly enters the second pressure regulating valve 11 to reduce the pressure, it will produce natural gas hydrate and cause ice blockage in the pipe. Therefore, the energy-saving system of the present invention first uses the waste heat of the intermediate circulating water for heating, and then uses the heat pump for heating. This can reduce the heat load of the heat pump unit. Specifically, the temperature of the low-temperature gas increases after exchanging heat with the intermediate circulating water in the vortex tube heat separator 2. After passing through the condenser 4 of the heat pump unit, the temperature increases further. After reaching the temperature value before pressure reduction, it enters the second pressure regulating valve 11 for secondary pressure reduction.

[0058] The organic working fluid of the heat pump unit exchanges heat with the low-temperature gas in the condenser 4 and its temperature decreases. After flowing through the expansion valve 5, its temperature decreases further. After passing through the evaporator 6, it absorbs heat from the circulating water in the lower circuit and its temperature rises. After being compressed by the compressor 7, its temperature rises further and it enters the condenser 4 to complete the working cycle, providing heat for the low-temperature gas. The upper path of the circulating water heat exchange branch exchanges heat with heat exchanger 3, and its temperature rises, providing domestic hot water for the station. The middle path of the circulating water heat exchange branch heats the low-temperature gas between the first baffle 2-4-1 and the second baffle 2-4-2 to obtain cold energy. Part of the circulating water enters the cavity between the second baffle 2-4-2 and the third baffle 2-4-3 through the second circulating water inlet 2-2-2 to heat the outer cylinder 2-1-2 and prevent natural gas hydrates from blocking the inlet. The lower path of the circulating water heat exchange branch exchanges heat with evaporator 6 and its temperature drops, providing a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump unit. The cooled circulating water enters the water distributor 10 and, together with the middle path circulating water flowing out from the circulating water outlet, provides cooling water for the plant's air conditioning network.

[0059] After the implementation of the gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system of the present invention, the pressure of the high-pressure gas decreases after the first pressure reduction by the vortex tube heat separator 2, reducing the working pressure ratio before and after the first pressure regulating valve 8 and the second pressure regulating valve 11. The temperature drop caused by the "Joule-Thomson effect" during the pressure reduction of the first pressure regulating valve 8 and the second pressure regulating valve 11 is reduced, and the inlet gas temperature of the first pressure regulating valve 8 is greatly reduced. The heat pump unit only needs to heat the cold end 2-1-3-1 airflow to the predetermined temperature, without needing to heat all the gas before pressure regulation. The gas processing volume and temperature value are reduced, and the waste heat of the circulating water is fully utilized, further reducing the heating load of the heat pump unit, thus greatly reducing the heating load of the heat pump unit. After the circulating water exchanges heat with the cold end 2-1-3-1 of the vortex tube heat separator 2, the temperature decreases, which can improve the thermal efficiency of the generator set or provide cooling water for the air conditioning system; after the circulating water exchanges heat with the hot end 2-1-4-1 of the vortex tube heat separator 2, it can provide domestic hot water for the station, realizing the cascade utilization of energy. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy saving system of the present invention provides a solution to the serious waste of pressure energy and the difficulty in efficient recovery of pressure energy in existing gas turbine pressure regulating stations.

[0060] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gas turbine inlet positive pressure residual energy saving system characterized by: The system includes a gas pressure reduction branch, a circulating water heat exchange branch, and a heat pump unit branch. The gas pressure reduction branch includes a vortex tube heat separator, a heat exchanger, a first pressure regulating valve, a condenser, and a second pressure regulating valve. The upstream gas inlet is split into two paths after passing through the vortex tube heat separator. The hot end of the vortex tube heat separator is connected sequentially to the heat exchanger and the first pressure regulating valve, after which the gas enters the first pressure regulating valve. The cold end of the vortex tube heat separator is connected sequentially to the condenser and the second pressure regulating valve, after which the gas enters the second pressure regulating valve. The gas flowing from the first pressure regulating valve mixes with the gas flowing from the second pressure regulating valve and then flows into the gas turbine. The generator set is connected; the circulating water heat exchange branch includes a heat exchanger, a condenser, an evaporator, and a water distributor. The circulating water heat exchange branch is divided into three paths: an upper path, a middle path, and a lower path. The circulating water in the upper path is connected to the heat exchanger; the circulating water in the middle path is connected to the vortex tube heat separator and the water distributor in sequence; the circulating water in the lower path is connected to the evaporator and the water distributor in sequence. The heat pump unit branch includes a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and a compressor. One end of the evaporator is connected to the compressor, the compressor is connected to the condenser, the condenser is connected to the expansion valve, and the expansion valve is connected to the evaporator, forming a circulation loop. The vortex tube heat separator includes a vortex tube and a cold flow ratio adjustment device. The vortex tube includes an outer cylinder, a first air inlet on the outer cylinder, a cold pipe on one side of the outer cylinder, a cold end at the end of the cold pipe, a hot pipe on the other side of the outer cylinder, and a hot end at the end of the hot pipe. The first air inlet is connected to an upstream gas inlet. The vortex tube heat separator is used to convert the gas pressure energy of the upstream gas into cold energy and hot energy. The cold energy is output from the cold end, and the hot energy is output from the hot end. The cold flow ratio adjustment device includes a second air inlet. The lower end of the cold flow ratio adjustment device is connected to the hot pipe of the vortex tube, and the upper part of the cold flow ratio adjustment device is connected to the upstream gas inlet through the second air inlet thereon. It is used to adjust the airflow ratio between the cold end and the hot end in the vortex tube. The cold flow ratio adjustment device further includes a connecting rod, a cone, a housing, a spring, an upper plate, a lower plate, and a valve body arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the housing; the upper plate and the lower plate are matched with the inner wall of the housing, dividing the interior of the cold flow ratio adjustment device into three inner cavities, namely the first inner cavity formed by the upper plate, the top of the housing, and the inner wall of the housing; the second inner cavity formed by the upper plate, the lower plate, and the inner wall of the housing; and the third inner cavity formed by the lower plate, the valve body, and the inner wall of the housing.

2. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas pressure reduction branch also includes a shut-off valve, which is located between the upstream gas and the vortex tube heat separator. The upstream gas inlet is connected to the input end of the shut-off valve, and the output end of the shut-off valve is connected to the vortex tube heat separator.

3. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating water heat exchange branch also includes a first flow valve, a second flow valve, and a third flow valve. The circulating water in the upper branch is connected to the heat exchanger after passing through the first flow valve; the circulating water in the middle branch is connected to the vortex tube heat separator and the water distributor in sequence after passing through the second flow valve; and the circulating water in the lower branch is connected to the evaporator and the water distributor in sequence after passing through the third flow valve.

4. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring is located in the first inner cavity, and its lower end is connected to the upper part of the upper plate; the lower plate is provided with a central hole, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the lower part of the upper plate, and the other end passes through the central hole of the lower plate and is connected to the cone; the second air inlet is located on the side wall of the second inner cavity; the cone is located in the third inner cavity, the valve body is connected to the heat pipe of the vortex tube, the cone and the valve body are matched and configured, and the opening between the cone and the valve body is adjusted by the up and down movement of the cone to adjust the flow rate of the hot end fluid.

5. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex tube heat separator further includes baffles, which include a first baffle located at the left end of the cold pipe, a second baffle located at the left side of the outer cylinder, a third baffle located at the right side of the outer cylinder, and a fourth baffle located at the right end of the hot pipe. The first, second, third, and fourth baffles are all provided with positioning holes. The cold pipe is installed in the positioning hole of the first baffle, the hot pipe is installed in the positioning hole of the fourth baffle, and the left and right sides of the outer cylinder are respectively installed in the positioning holes of the second and third baffles.

6. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vortex tubes are arranged in a parallel array, and the baffle serves as the skeleton of the vortex tube heat separator to support and position the vortex tubes. The positioning holes of the baffle correspond one-to-one with the arrangement of the vortex tubes.

7. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex tube heat separator further includes a first air inlet pipe and a second air inlet pipe; the input end of the first air inlet pipe is connected to the upstream gas inlet, and the output end is connected to the first air inlet; the input end of the second air inlet pipe is connected to the upstream gas inlet, and the output end is connected to the second air inlet.

8. The gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vortex tube heat separator also includes an outer shell, a cold end total outlet, and a hot end total outlet. The outer shell encloses a number of vortex tubes, a cold flow ratio adjustment device, and a baffle. The cold ends of the number of vortex tubes are combined to form the cold end total outlet, and the hot ends of the number of vortex tubes are combined to form the hot end total outlet.

9. A gas turbine inlet residual pressure energy-saving system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vortex tube heat separator further includes a circulating water main inlet and a circulating water main outlet disposed on the outer shell. The circulating water main inlet includes a first circulating water inlet and a second circulating water inlet arranged in parallel. The circulating water main outlet includes a first circulating water outlet and a second circulating water outlet arranged in parallel. The first circulating water inlet and the first circulating water outlet are a pair of inlet and outlet, disposed between a first baffle and a second baffle. The second circulating water inlet and the second circulating water outlet are a pair of inlet and outlet, disposed between a second baffle and a third baffle.

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