An internal-external mixed type atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of atomized combustion, in particular to an internal-external mixed atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating, comprising an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and an oil delivery pipe arranged in sequence from outside to inside, a spiral heating pipe arranged in the heating channel, an oil delivery regulator arranged inside the oil delivery pipe, an outer nozzle head threadedly connected to the front end of the outer sleeve, an internal mixing chamber arranged inside the outer nozzle head, an outer cyclone chamber formed between the outer nozzle head and the internal mixing chamber and provided with a cyclone at the front end, an air channel communicated with an air inlet pipe at one end and communicated with the outer cyclone chamber and the internal mixing chamber at the other end, the oil delivery pipe communicated with an oil inlet pipe at one end and communicated with the internal mixing chamber at the other end; the present application firstly atomizes a part of compressed air and liquid oil in the internal mixing chamber, then atomizes the other part of air after cyclone and the primary atomized mixed mist in the internal mixing chamber, and improves the atomization quality of high viscosity fuel and saves atomizing agent through internal-external mixed atomization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atomization combustion technology, and more particularly to an internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating. Background Technology

[0002] In the production processes of industries such as petroleum, petrochemicals, food, pharmaceuticals, and environmental protection, large quantities of high-viscosity organic residues, waste liquids, and waste oils are generated. Examples include heavy oil and residual oil from petroleum refining, waste engine oil from lubricating rotating parts of machinery, black liquor from the cooking of long-fiber raw materials in papermaking, leachate from landfills, and waste oil from oil pressing processes. These wastes are high-viscosity liquids or solids at room temperature and, in most cases, require incineration. Incineration is a simple and effective method; however, the unstable sources of these high-viscosity waste liquids sometimes lead to unstable chemical compositions and significant changes in their physicochemical properties. Therefore, to safely, environmentally friendly, and efficiently incinerate these wastes, a highly adaptable, efficient, and stable atomizing nozzle is needed for stable operation. Based on literature review and actual process investigation, the following technical problems exist in the treatment of these waste liquids and waste oils: (1) Due to changes in material composition and type or unreasonable design, the heating temperature of the material often fails to reach the temperature required by the process, resulting in excessively high viscosity of the material, which in turn affects the atomization quality and makes the combustion operation unstable; (2) Due to the unstable source of waste materials, the required treatment volume changes more, or the heat load required for subsequent production varies greatly with day and night and seasons, and the nozzle cannot meet the load change and adjustment functions well; (3) Existing external mixing atomizing nozzles require a large amount of atomizing dosage and consume a lot of energy. At the same time, if the changes in the treated material cannot be effectively tracked, the atomization quality will be seriously affected, which will affect the stable production of the entire system; while internal mixing atomizers generally have a smaller treatment volume and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale production. Therefore, in order to better solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to invent a nozzle that can be self-heating, has strong load adaptability, good atomization, and high efficiency and energy saving, so as to adapt to more complex external environment and process conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an electrically heated internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle that features high atomization quality, low atomizing agent usage, high heating efficiency, and good load adjustability.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating, comprising an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and an oil delivery pipe arranged coaxially from the outside to the inside;

[0005] An air channel is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve, and a heating channel is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the inner sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the oil delivery pipe. A spiral electric heating tube is installed inside the heating channel to heat the liquid oil inside the oil delivery pipe and keep it in a liquid state. The electric heating tube passes through the heating channel and is connected to an external insulated terminal. The power of the electric heating can be adjusted according to the required heating temperature. An oil delivery regulator is installed inside the oil delivery pipe.

[0006] The outer sleeve is threadedly connected to an outer nozzle, which has an inner mixing chamber. An outer swirling chamber is formed between the inner circumferential wall of the outer nozzle and the outer circumferential wall of the inner mixing chamber. A swirler is located at the front end of the outer swirling chamber. One end of the air passage is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to both the outer swirling chamber and the inner mixing chamber. One end of the oil delivery pipe is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to the inner mixing chamber. Liquid oil enters the oil delivery pipe from the oil inlet pipe and is kept in a liquid state within the pipe by heating with an electric heating element. Then... The regulator enters the inner mixing chamber, and compressed air enters the air passage through the intake pipe. It is then divided into two paths. One part of the air enters the inner mixing chamber and collides with the oil film sprayed from the oil splitting ring, undergoing initial atomization in the inner mixing chamber. The other part of the air enters the outer swirl chamber, swirls through the air swirler, and then swirls out from the annular channel between the outer and inner nozzles, undergoing secondary atomization with the first atomized mist sprayed from the inner mixing chamber. Finally, the atomized oil mist enters the combustion tower furnace and mixes with the secondary air for combustion.

[0007] The above technical solution first uses a portion of compressed air and liquid oil for initial atomization in the inner mixing chamber, and then uses another portion of air after swirling to perform secondary atomization with the atomized mixture sprayed from the inner mixing chamber. Through internal and external mixing atomization, the atomization quality of high-viscosity fuel is improved and atomizing agent is saved.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner mixing chamber includes an inner sealing plate, an inner mixing pipe, and an inner nozzle connected sequentially from back to front. The inner sealing plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the inner sleeve, and the inner mixing pipe is connected to the inner nozzle. The inner sealing plate has multiple first tangential swirling holes for air entry along its outer circumference, and the inner mixing pipe has multiple second tangential swirling holes for air entry along its rear end along the circumference. The air entering the inner mixing chamber through the first and second tangential swirling holes can generate swirling flow to strongly mix with the liquid oil entering the inner mixing chamber, exchange mass to form a gas-liquid mixture, and then spray it out from the inner nozzle.

[0009] Furthermore, the oil delivery regulator includes a regulating pipe located between and communicating with the oil delivery pipe and the inner mixing chamber. A flow-dividing cone is slidably disposed inside the regulating pipe. An regulating rod is connected to the rear end of the flow-dividing cone. The regulating rod passes through the inside of the oil delivery pipe, with its front end threaded to the regulating pipe and its rear end threaded to the sealing plate of the oil delivery pipe. An regulating disc is installed at the end of the regulating rod that extends out of the oil delivery pipe. According to the required oil delivery volume, heat power, and heat load, the regulating disc is rotated to the required scale. The flow-dividing cone moves axially through the regulating rod, thereby changing the flow area between the flow-dividing cone and the inner wall of the regulating pipe, and thus changing the amount of oil entering the inner mixing chamber, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid regulation.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating channel is filled with a high-temperature resistant heat transfer medium, which acts as a heat transfer medium to conduct the heat generated by the electric heating tube to the liquid oil, ensuring the oil temperature and atomization quality.

[0011] Furthermore, the oil pipeline has several spaced fin groups arranged along its axial direction inside. Each fin group includes several inner fins distributed circumferentially. The inner fins extend radially and can be rectangular, U-shaped, conical, or other shapes, which can better heat oil or other highly viscous materials. The heating area can be increased by more than 10 times, achieving a better heating effect.

[0012] Furthermore, both the outer and inner nozzles are tapered nozzles, which can accelerate the internal medium. The gas-liquid mixture that is initially atomized in the inner mixing chamber is accelerated by the conical inner nozzle and then ejected from the nozzle. A conical acceleration channel is formed between the outer and inner nozzles. Some of the compressed air enters the conical acceleration channel after being swirled by the cyclone separator and is accelerated. The high-speed swirling air is ejected from the annular outlet and undergoes secondary atomization with the primary atomized mixture ejected from the inner mixing chamber.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0014] 1. The present invention adopts a structure combining internal and external hybrid atomization, which can improve the atomization quality of viscous fuel, reduce the amount of atomizing agent used, and is more suitable for single large-capacity oil atomization combustion, which can further increase the production scale, thereby reducing costs and improving economic benefits;

[0015] 2. This invention uses an automatic control method to adjust the power of electric heating to provide auxiliary heating for highly viscous materials, ensuring that the required temperature is reached, reducing the viscosity of the material, and ensuring the quality of atomization and safe and stable operation;

[0016] 3. This invention uses an internally designed flow-dividing cone to adjust the oil flow rate, which allows for power adjustment while maintaining constant oil pressure, thus adapting to the needs of external heat load. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal mixing chamber of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the oil transfer regulator.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the oil pipeline;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the regulating pipe (BB).

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1. External nozzle; 2. Swirl generator; 3. Internal mixing chamber; 31. Internal sealing plate; 311. First tangential swirling orifice; 32. Internal mixing pipe; 321. Second tangential swirling orifice; 33. Internal nozzle; 4. Oil delivery regulator; 41. Diverting cone; 42. Regulating pipe; 43. Regulating rod; 44. Regulating disc; 5. Outer sleeve; 6. Inner sleeve; 7. Electric heating tube; 8. Heating channel; 9. Air channel; 10. Air inlet pipe; 11. Oil delivery pipe; 12. Oil inlet pipe; 13. Sealing plate; 14. External swirling chamber; 15. Internal fins. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, they only show the components relevant to the invention, and directions and references, such as up, down, left, right, etc., are only used to aid in the description of the features in the drawings. Therefore, the following specific embodiments are not intended to be restrictive, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined solely by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is an internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating, comprising an outer sleeve 5, an inner sleeve 6 and an oil delivery pipe 11 arranged coaxially from the outside to the inside;

[0028] An air channel 9 is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 5 and the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve 6. A heating channel 8 is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the inner sleeve 6 and the outer peripheral wall of the oil pipe 11. A spiral electric heating tube 7 is installed inside the heating channel 8 to heat the liquid oil inside the oil pipe 11 and maintain its liquid state. The electric heating tube 7 passes through the heating channel 8 and connects to an external insulated terminal. The power of the electric heating can be adjusted according to the required heating temperature. The heating channel 8 is filled with a high-temperature resistant heat transfer medium, which acts as a heat transfer medium, conducting the heat generated by the electric heating tube 7 to the liquid oil, ensuring the oil temperature and atomization quality. Figure 5 As shown, the oil pipe 11 has several fin groups spaced apart along its axial direction inside. Each fin group includes several inner fins 15 distributed circumferentially. The inner fins 15 extend radially and can be rectangular, U-shaped, conical, or other shapes, which can better heat oil or other highly viscous materials. The heating area can be increased by more than 3 times, achieving a better heating effect.

[0029] The outer sleeve 5 is threadedly connected to an outer nozzle 1. The outer nozzle 1 has an inner mixing chamber 3 inside. An outer swirling chamber 14 is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer nozzle 1 and the outer peripheral wall of the inner mixing chamber 3. A swirler 2 is provided at the front end of the outer swirling chamber 14. One end of the air passage 9 is connected to the air inlet pipe 10, and the other end is connected to both the outer swirling chamber 14 and the inner mixing chamber 3. One end of the oil supply pipe 11 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 12, and the other end is connected to the inner mixing chamber 3. A portion of the compressed air enters the inner mixing chamber 3 and mixes with the liquid oil inside to form primary atomization. Another portion of the compressed air enters the outer swirling chamber 14 and is swirled by the swirler 2 before mixing with the primary atomized mist sprayed from the inner mixing chamber 3 for secondary atomization.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner mixing chamber 3 includes an inner sealing plate 31, an inner mixing pipe 32, and an inner nozzle 33 connected sequentially from back to front. The inner sealing plate 31 is fixedly connected to the front end of the inner sleeve 6, and the inner mixing pipe 32 is connected to the inner nozzle 33. The inner sealing plate 31 has multiple first tangential swirling holes 311 for air to enter along its circumference. The inner mixing pipe 32 has multiple second tangential swirling holes 321 for air to enter along its circumference at its rear end. The air entering the inner mixing chamber 3 through the first tangential swirling holes 311 and the second tangential swirling holes 321 can generate swirling flow to strongly mix with the liquid oil entering the inner mixing chamber 3. After mass exchange to form a gas-liquid mixture, it is then sprayed out from the inner nozzle 33.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the oil pipeline 11 is equipped with an oil delivery regulator 4. The oil delivery regulator 4 includes a regulating pipe 42 located between the oil pipeline 11 and the inner mixing chamber 3 and communicating with both. A diverting cone 41 is slidably disposed inside the regulating pipe 42. An regulating rod 43 is connected to the rear end of the diverting cone 41. The regulating rod 43 passes through the inside of the oil pipeline 11, and the front end of the regulating rod 43 is threadedly connected to the regulating pipe 42, and the rear end is threadedly connected to the sealing plate 13 of the oil pipeline 11. An regulating disc 44 is installed at the end of the regulating rod 43 that extends out of the oil pipeline 11.

[0032] Both the outer nozzle 1 and the inner nozzle 33 are tapered nozzles, which can accelerate the internal medium. The gas-liquid mixture that is initially atomized in the inner mixing chamber 3 is accelerated by the conical inner nozzle 33 and then ejected from the nozzle. A conical acceleration channel is formed between the outer nozzle 1 and the inner nozzle 33. After some compressed air is swirled by the cyclone separator 2, it enters the conical acceleration channel for acceleration. The high-speed swirling air is ejected from the annular outlet and undergoes secondary atomization with the primary atomized mixture ejected from the inner mixing chamber 3.

[0033] Working principle:

[0034] Heating process: A high-temperature heat transfer medium is filled between the oil pipe 11 and the inner sleeve 6. After the spiral electric heating tube 7 is energized and heated, it first heats the heat transfer medium to a higher temperature, and then transfers the heat to the inner wall of the oil pipe 11 through the heat transfer medium. Then, the liquid oil is heated through the inner fins 15, so that the liquid oil is continuously heated and heated in the flow to reach the temperature required by the process, ensuring the atomization quality of the oil.

[0035] Secondary atomization process: Liquid oil enters the oil delivery pipe 11 from the oil inlet pipe 12. Through the combined heat transfer of the external electric heating pipe 7 and the high-temperature heat medium, it is further heated and kept in a liquid state inside the pipe. Finally, the oil enters the inner mixing chamber 3 from the annular flow channel between the diverting cone 41 and the regulating pipe 42. At the same time, compressed air enters the air channel 9 through the air inlet pipe 10 and is then divided into two paths. One part of the air enters the inner mixing chamber 3 after swirling through the first tangential swirling hole 311 on the inner sealing plate 31 and the second tangential swirling hole 321 on the inner mixing pipe 32. It collides with the oil film sprayed from the oil diverting ring and undergoes primary atomization in the inner mixing chamber 3. The other part of the air enters the outer swirling chamber 14, swirls through the air swirler 2, and is sprayed out from the annular channel between the outer nozzle 1 and the inner nozzle 33. It undergoes secondary atomization again with the primary atomized mist sprayed from the inner nozzle 33 in the inner mixing chamber 3. Finally, the atomized oil mist enters the combustion tower (furnace) and mixes with the secondary air for combustion.

[0036] Oil delivery volume adjustment process: According to the required oil delivery volume heat power and heat load, rotate the adjustment disk 44 to the required scale, and the flow divider cone 41 moves axially through the adjustment rod 43, thereby changing the flow area between the outer peripheral wall of the flow divider cone 41 and the inner peripheral wall of the adjustment pipe 42, thereby changing the oil delivery volume entering the inner mixing chamber 3, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid adjustment.

[0037] The above description, based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention, provides inspiration. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification but must be determined according to the claims.

Claims

1. A hybrid internal and external atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating, characterized in that: It includes an outer casing (5), an inner casing (6), and an oil pipeline (11) arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside; An air passage (9) is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve (5) and the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve (6), and a heating passage (8) is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the inner sleeve (6) and the outer peripheral wall of the oil pipe (11). A spiral electric heating tube (7) is provided inside the heating passage (8), and an oil delivery regulator (4) is provided inside the oil pipe (11). The outer sleeve (5) is provided with an outer nozzle (1) at the front end. The outer nozzle (1) is provided with an inner mixing chamber (3). An outer swirling chamber (14) is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer nozzle (1) and the outer peripheral wall of the inner mixing chamber (3). A swirler (2) is provided at the front end of the outer swirling chamber (14). One end of the air passage (9) is connected to the air inlet pipe (10), and the other end is connected to the outer swirling chamber (14) and the inner mixing chamber (3) respectively. One end of the oil delivery pipe (11) is connected to the oil inlet pipe (12), and the other end is connected to the inner mixing chamber (3). A portion of the compressed air enters the inner mixing chamber (3) and mixes with the liquid oil inside to form primary atomization. Another portion of the compressed air enters the outer swirling chamber (14), swirls through the swirler (2), and then mixes with the primary atomized mist sprayed from the inner mixing chamber (3) for secondary atomization.

2. The electrically heated internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner mixing chamber (3) includes an inner sealing plate (31), an inner mixing pipe (32) and an inner nozzle (33) connected sequentially from back to front. The inner sealing plate (31) has a plurality of first tangential swirling holes (311) for air to enter along its circumferential direction around its periphery. The inner mixing pipe (32) has a plurality of second tangential swirling holes (321) for air to enter along its circumferential direction at its rear end.

3. The internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil delivery regulator (4) includes a regulating pipe (42) located between the oil delivery pipe (11) and the inner mixing chamber (3) and communicating with both. A diversion cone (41) is slidably arranged inside the regulating pipe (42). An regulating rod (43) is connected to the rear end of the diversion cone (41). The regulating rod (43) passes through the inside of the oil delivery pipe (11). The front end of the regulating rod (43) is threaded to the regulating pipe (42), and the rear end is threaded to the sealing plate (13) of the oil delivery pipe (11). An regulating disc (44) is installed at one end of the regulating rod (43) that extends out of the oil delivery pipe (11).

4. The internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating channel (8) is filled with a high-temperature resistant heat medium.

5. The electrically heated internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil pipeline (11) has several fin groups arranged at intervals along its axial direction inside, and each fin group includes several inner fins (15) distributed in the circumferential direction.

6. The internal and external mixing atomizing oil nozzle with electric heating according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the outer nozzle (1) and the inner nozzle (33) are tapered nozzles.

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