Spindle unit and numerical control machine tool
By placing the power supply module coil externally within the ultrasonic spindle unit, the problem of limited power supply module size in existing technologies is solved, meeting the requirements of high-power ultrasonic processing and improving the output power and cooling effect of the ultrasonic transducer.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN MULTIFIELD PRECISION CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
Smart Images
Figure CN117464036B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of spindle technology, and more particularly to a spindle unit and a CNC machine tool. Background Technology
[0002] Existing technologies include ultrasonic spindles, which enable ultrasonic machining of workpieces. Ultrasonic spindles typically consist of an ultrasonic transducer and a power supply module. The power supply module receives power from the ultrasonic power source and then outputs electrical energy to the ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer then applies ultrasonic waves to the cutting tool, causing the tool to vibrate under the influence of the ultrasonic waves and machine the workpiece. However, the structural design of existing ultrasonic spindles is not suitable for spindles with high ultrasonic power. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a spindle unit with an external power supply module, which is suitable for use with a large-volume, high-power power supply module.
[0004] The present invention also proposes a CNC machine tool including the above-mentioned spindle unit.
[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a spindle unit includes: a body; a spindle core, a portion of which is disposed inside the body and is rotatable relative to the body; a vibrator connected to the front end of the spindle core, the front end of the vibrator being used to mount a tool holder or a tool; an ultrasonic transducer connected to the vibrator and used to output ultrasonic waves to the vibrator; and a power supply module including a power supply coil and a power receiving coil magnetically coupled to each other, the power supply coil being used to be electrically connected to an ultrasonic power source, the power receiving coil being electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer, and both the power supply coil and the power receiving coil being located outside the body.
[0006] The spindle unit according to the first aspect of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0007] In existing technologies, the power supply module is typically located inside the main body. Since the main body also needs to accommodate multiple components such as the shaft, bearings, and tie rods, it's difficult to allocate a large enough space for the power supply module. This limits the size of the internal power supply module. Generally, if the power supply module needs to withstand higher power (i.e., higher voltage and current), it requires a larger size. Because the internal power supply module cannot be made large, its power output is limited; consequently, the power of the ultrasonic waves output by the ultrasonic transducer cannot reach a high level. Therefore, the existing built-in power supply module design is unsuitable for high-power ultrasonic spindles.
[0008] In the spindle unit of this invention, the power supply coil and the receiving coil are located outside the main body. This design removes the constraint of the internal space of the main body on the volume of the power supply coil and the receiving coil. This design makes the spindle unit suitable for using larger power supply coils and receiving coils, that is, suitable for using large-volume, high-power power supply modules. Therefore, the spindle unit of this invention is suitable as a high-power spindle unit.
[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spindle unit further includes a front bearing housing and a front bearing, the front bearing housing being connected to the body, the front bearing being installed in the front bearing housing, and the front bearing being sleeved on the outside of the shaft core; the outer diameter of the ultrasonic transducer is larger than the inner diameter of the front bearing.
[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, both the receiving coil and the supply coil are disposed at the front end of the body or both are disposed at the rear end of the body, and the outer diameter of both the receiving coil and the supply coil is larger than the outer diameter of the body.
[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the power supply coil and the power receiving coil are distributed along the axial direction of the shaft core, and the distance between the power supply coil and the power receiving coil in the axial direction of the shaft core is adjustable.
[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spindle unit further includes a power supply housing and a power receiving housing, wherein the power supply coil is installed in the power supply housing and the power receiving coil is installed in the power receiving housing; the power receiving housing is provided with a first fastening hole and an adjusting threaded hole, the spindle core is provided with a second fastening hole, the first fastening hole and the second fastening hole are aligned, the adjusting threaded hole is offset from the second fastening hole, the power receiving housing is provided with a rearward-facing first surface, the spindle core is provided with a forward-facing second surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged facing each other, and the rear end of the adjusting threaded hole is provided on the first surface; the spindle unit further includes: a fastening screw, which passes through the first fastening hole and the second fastening hole and connects the power receiving housing and the spindle core, the second fastening hole is threadedly connected to the fastening screw; an adjusting screw, which passes through the adjusting threaded hole, the rear end of the adjusting screw abuts against the second surface, the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the adjusting threaded hole, and the adjusting screw is rotatable relative to the adjusting threaded hole to change the protrusion distance of the rear end of the adjusting screw relative to the first surface.
[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spindle unit further includes a power supply housing, in which the power supply coil is installed; the power supply housing has a power supply cooling channel, in which a cooling medium for cooling the power supply coil can flow.
[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spindle unit further includes a power receiving housing, in which the power receiving coil is mounted; the power receiving housing includes a plurality of first dynamic balancing holes, the first dynamic balancing holes being formed on the outer peripheral surface of the power receiving housing, the plurality of first dynamic balancing holes being distributed at intervals along the circumference of the power receiving housing; and / or, the power receiving housing includes a plurality of second dynamic balancing holes, the second dynamic balancing holes being formed on the axial end face of the power receiving housing, the plurality of second dynamic balancing holes being distributed at intervals along the circumference of the power receiving housing.
[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spindle unit further includes: a motor, installed inside the body and used to drive the spindle to rotate; a cooling sleeve, installed inside the body and sleeved outside the motor, the cooling sleeve having a motor cooling channel, wherein a cooling medium for cooling the motor can flow in the motor cooling channel.
[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spindle unit further includes: a front bearing housing connected to the body; a front bearing installed in the front bearing housing and sleeved outside the shaft core; a rear bearing housing connected to the body and spaced behind the front bearing housing; and a rear bearing installed in the rear bearing housing and sleeved outside the shaft core; wherein the front bearing housing is provided with a front cooling channel, in which a cooling medium for cooling the front bearing can flow; and / or, the rear bearing housing is provided with a rear cooling channel, in which a cooling medium for cooling the rear bearing can flow.
[0017] A CNC machine tool according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the spindle unit described in the first aspect embodiment.
[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling channel of the spindle unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the spindle unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling channel of the spindle unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the power supply housing in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply housing from another angle in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the power supply housing in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the power receiving housing in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 10 This is a front view of the power receiving housing in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the power receiving housing along section AA;
[0031] Figure 12 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the position adjustment method of the power receiving housing in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle unit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle unit according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle unit according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling channel of the spindle unit in the fourth embodiment.
[0036] Figure label:
[0037] 100-Main spindle unit, 101-Shaft core, 102-Rear bearing, 103-Rear bearing housing, 104-Rear cooling channel, 105-Main channel, 106-Body, 107-Mounting flange, 108-Power supply cooling channel, 109-Power supply housing, 110-Front bearing housing, 111-Front cooling channel, 112-Front bearing, 113-First conductor, 114-Ultrasonic transducer, 115-Vibrator, 116-Electromagnetic core, 117-Electromagnetic coil, 118-Power supply coil, 119-Electromagnetic core, 120-Power supply module, 121-Motor, 122-Stator, 123-Rotor, 124-Cooling jacket, 125-Motor cooling channel, 126-Electromagnetic housing;
[0038] 201-First receiving groove, 202-Fixing hole, 203-Cable outlet hole, 204-Oval groove, 205-First central hole, 206-Crescent groove;
[0039] 301-First dynamic balancing hole, 302-Second center hole, 303-Second receiving groove, 304-Wire passage, 305-Second dynamic balancing hole, 306-First fastening hole, 307-Adjusting threaded hole;
[0040] 401-Fasting screw, 402-Adjusting screw, 403-Second fastening hole, 404-First side, 405-Second side;
[0041] 501 - Mounting cavity, 502 - Middle bearing housing, 503 - Middle bearing, 504 - Rear housing, 505 - Housing cooling channel, 506 - Water inlet connector, 507 - Water outlet connector, 508 - Middle cooling channel. Detailed Implementation
[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.
[0044] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0045] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0046] Figure 1 The spindle unit 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown. The spindle unit 100 includes a body 106, a spindle core 101, a vibrator 115, an ultrasonic transducer 114, a power supply module 120, a power supply housing 109, and a power receiving housing 126.
[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the main body 106 is cylindrical, with a portion of the shaft core 101 passing through the interior of the main body 106. The front and rear ends of the shaft core 101 are located outside the main body 106. The spindle unit 100 also includes a front bearing housing 110, a front bearing 112, a rear bearing housing 103, and a rear bearing 102. The rear bearing housing 103 is spaced apart behind the front bearing housing 110. The front bearing housing 110 is located outside the main body 106 and connected to the front end face of the main body 106. The front bearing 112 is installed inside the front bearing housing 110 and is sleeved on the outside of the shaft core 101. A portion of the rear bearing housing 103 is located inside the main body 106. The rear bearing 102 is installed inside the rear bearing housing 103 and is spaced apart behind the front bearing 112, sleeved on the outside of the shaft core 101. Therefore, the shaft core 101 can rotate relative to the main body 106. It should be noted that the axis of the shaft core 101 extends in the front-to-back direction, and the axial direction of the shaft core 101 corresponds to the front-to-back direction.
[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the rear end of the vibrator 115 is connected to the front end of the shaft core 101. The front end of the vibrator 115 is used to mount a tool holder or cutting tool, and the vibrator 115 can rotate synchronously with the shaft core 101. It should be noted that if the front end of the vibrator 115 is used to mount a tool holder, then the cutting tool used to machine the workpiece is mounted at the front end of the tool holder; if the front end of the vibrator 115 is used to mount a cutting tool, then the vibrator 115 itself acts as a tool holder. Figure 1 As shown, the ultrasonic transducer 114 is disposed in the cavity enclosed by the vibrator 115 and the shaft core 101. The ultrasonic transducer 114 is connected to the vibrator 115 and is used to output ultrasonic waves to the vibrator 115.
[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply module 120 includes a power supply coil 118 and a receiving coil 117. The power supply coil 118 is used for electrical connection to an ultrasonic power source (not shown), and the receiving coil 117 is electrically connected to an ultrasonic transducer 114. More specifically, as... Figure 1 As shown, the spindle unit 100 also includes two first wires 113, through which the receiving coil 117 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 114. The power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 are magnetically coupled. When the ultrasonic power supply supplies power to the power supply coil 118, the change in current in the power supply coil 118 generates an alternating magnetic field. This alternating magnetic field causes the receiving coil 117 to generate an induced electromotive force and an induced current, which can then supply power to the ultrasonic transducer 114. Therefore, the ultrasonic power supply indirectly supplies power to the ultrasonic transducer 114 through the power supply module 120. Under the action of the power supply module 120, the voltage of the ultrasonic transducer 114 may differ from the voltage output by the ultrasonic power supply, or the current of the ultrasonic transducer 114 may differ from the current output by the ultrasonic power supply.
[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply coil 118 is installed in the power supply housing 109, and the power receiving housing 126 is installed in the power receiving housing 126. Furthermore, both the power supply housing 109 and the power receiving housing 126 are located outside the main body 106, and correspondingly, the power supply coil 118 and the power receiving coil 117 are both located outside the main body 106. More specifically, as... Figure 1 As shown, the spindle unit 100 also includes a mounting flange 107, which is sleeved on the outside of the main body 106. The power supply housing 109 is connected to the mounting flange 107 and is sleeved on the outside of the front bearing seat 110. The power receiving housing 126 is sleeved on the outside of the front end of the spindle core 101. The specific structures of the power supply housing 109 and the power receiving housing 126 will be described in detail later.
[0051] To facilitate the explanation of the beneficial effects of the spindle unit 100 of the present invention, a brief introduction to the spindle unit 100 in the prior art is given below. In the prior art, the power supply module 120 is usually located inside the body 106. Since the body 106 also needs to accommodate multiple components such as the shaft core 101, bearings, and tie rods, it is difficult to reserve a large space inside the body 106 for the power supply module 120. This results in the power supply module 120 located inside the body 106 not being able to be made very large. Generally speaking, if the power supply module 120 needs to withstand high power (i.e., withstand high voltage and current), then the power supply module 120 needs to be large. However, as mentioned above, since the volume of the power supply module 120 located inside the body 106 cannot be made large, the power of the power supply module 120 is limited; correspondingly, the power of the ultrasonic waves output by the ultrasonic transducer 114 cannot reach a high level. Therefore, the built-in design of the power supply module 120 in the prior art is not suitable for high-power ultrasonic spindles.
[0052] As for the spindle unit 100 of the present invention, its power supply coil 118 and power receiving coil 117 are arranged outside the body 106. This design removes the constraint of the internal space of the body 106 on the volume of the power supply coil 118 and power receiving coil 117. This design makes the spindle unit 100 suitable for using a larger power supply coil 118 and power receiving coil 117, that is, suitable for using a large-volume, high-power power supply module 120.
[0053] It should be noted that, as Figure 1 As shown, although the power supply coil 118 is disposed in the power supply housing 109 and the receiving coil 117 is disposed in the receiving housing 126, since both the power supply housing 109 and the receiving housing 126 are located outside the main body 106, their volumes are not constrained by the internal space of the main body 106. Therefore, when the power supply coil 118 needs to be made relatively large, the volume of the power supply housing 109 can also be adaptively designed to be relatively large; similarly, when the receiving coil 117 needs to be made relatively large, the volume of the receiving housing 126 can also be adaptively designed to be relatively large.
[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to increase the magnetic field strength, the power supply module 120 also includes a power supply core 119 and a power receiving core 116. The power supply core 119 is connected to the power supply coil 118, and the power receiving core 116 is connected to the power receiving coil 117.
[0055] like Figure 1As shown, the power supply housing 109 and the power receiving housing 126 are distributed along the axial direction of the shaft core 101. The power receiving housing 126 is located in front of the power supply housing 109 and is sleeved on the outside of the front end of the shaft core 101. Since the power receiving coil 117 is located in the power receiving housing 126 and the ultrasonic transducer 114 is located at the front end of the shaft core 101, the aforementioned arrangement helps to shorten the distance between the power receiving coil 117 and the ultrasonic transducer 114, thereby shortening the length of the first conductor 113 and facilitating the electrical connection between the power receiving coil 117 and the ultrasonic transducer 114.
[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply housing 109 is also provided with a power supply cooling channel 108, in which a cooling medium can flow. The cooling medium can be cooling water or other liquids with a low temperature. When the power supply module 120 is running, the power supply coil 118 will generate heat. The cooling medium flowing through the power supply cooling channel 108 will absorb the heat generated by the power supply coil 118, thereby cooling the power supply coil 118 to prevent the power supply module 120 from overheating and causing a decrease in its working efficiency. It should be noted that the cooling medium does not directly contact the power supply coil 118 and the power supply core 119. The heat generated by the power supply coil 118 is transferred to the cooling medium in the power supply cooling channel 108 through the power supply housing 109.
[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the front bearing housing 110 is provided with a front cooling channel 111, which can be located on the outer circumferential surface of the front bearing housing 110, allowing the cooling medium to flow within it. When the spindle 101 rotates at high speed, the front bearing 112 also generates heat due to friction (e.g., friction between the inner and outer rings of the front bearing 112). The heat generated by the front bearing 112 not only increases the safety risk of the spindle unit 100 but also shortens the service life of both the front bearing 112 and the spindle 101. Since the cooling medium can flow through the front bearing housing 110, it can cool the front bearing 112, thereby reducing the safety risk of the spindle unit 100 and increasing the service life of both the front bearing 112 and the spindle 101. It should be noted that the cooling medium does not directly contact the front bearing 112.
[0058] Similarly, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rear bearing housing 103 is provided with a rear cooling channel 104, which can be disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the rear bearing housing 103, allowing the cooling medium to flow within it. Because the cooling medium can flow through the rear bearing housing 103, it can cool the rear bearing 102, thereby reducing the safety risks of the spindle unit 100 and improving the service life of the rear bearing 102 and the spindle core 101. It should be noted that the cooling medium does not directly contact the rear bearing 102.
[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the main body 106 also has a main channel 105, which is connected to the rear cooling channel 104 and the power supply cooling channel 108. The power supply cooling channel 108 is connected to the front cooling channel 111. In this way, after the cooling medium enters the main channel 105 from its rear end, it is diverted into the rear cooling channel 104 and the power supply cooling channel 108; a portion of the cooling medium in the power supply cooling channel 108 flows into the front cooling channel 111. The advantage of this arrangement is that as long as the main channel 105 of the main body 106 is connected to the pipe used to provide the cooling medium, the cooling medium can be diverted to different cooling channels. It is not necessary for each cooling channel to be connected to the pipe used to provide the cooling medium, which helps reduce the number of pipes and improves the ease of connection between the spindle unit 100 and the system providing the cooling medium.
[0060] Figure 2 A spindle unit 100 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. Similar to the first embodiment, the power supply module 120 of the second embodiment is also located outside the main body 106. Compared to the first embodiment, the spindle unit 100 of the second embodiment further includes a motor 121 and a cooling sleeve 124 fitted over the motor 121. A cooling medium can flow through the cooling sleeve 124 to cool the motor 121.
[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the motor 121 includes a stator 122 and a rotor 123, both of which are installed inside the body 106. The stator 122 is relatively fixed to the body 106, and the rotor 123 and the shaft 101 are relatively fixed. When the stator 122 and / or the rotor 123 is energized, the rotor 123 rotates relative to the stator 122, and correspondingly, the shaft 101 also rotates relative to the body 106. A cooling sleeve 124 is disposed inside the body 106 and sleeved on the outside of the stator 122, with its outer circumferential surface abutting against the inner circumferential surface of the body 106. The cooling sleeve 124 has cooling channels for the motor 121, which are located on the outer circumferential surface of the cooling sleeve 124, allowing the cooling medium to flow through them. When motor 121 is powered on, it generates heat. The cooling medium absorbs this heat, preventing the motor from operating at high temperatures and thus improving its operational safety. It should be noted that the cooling medium does not directly contact the stator 122 or the rotor 123.
[0062] like Figure 2As shown, the main body 106 of the spindle unit 100 in the second embodiment also has a main channel 105, which is connected to the cooling channel of the motor 121. A portion of the cooling medium in the main channel 105 can be diverted to the cooling channel of the motor 121. The shape and connection relationship of each cooling channel in the second embodiment are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. It should be noted that the shapes of the power supply cooling channel 108, the front cooling channel 111, the rear cooling channel 104, and the main channel 105 in the first embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment.
[0063] Figure 4 A spindle unit 100 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown. Compared to the first and second embodiments, in the spindle unit 100 of the third embodiment, the outer diameter of the ultrasonic transducer 114 is larger than the inner diameter of the front bearing 112. The power of the ultrasonic waves output by the ultrasonic transducer 114 is related to the volume of the ultrasonic transducer 114. This arrangement, where the outer diameter of the ultrasonic transducer 114 is larger than the inner diameter of the front bearing 112, is beneficial for increasing the volume of the ultrasonic transducer 114, thereby increasing the output power of the ultrasonic transducer 114.
[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, in the third embodiment, a portion of the front bearing housing 110 and the front bearing 112 are housed inside the body 106, while the power supply housing 109 is directly fitted onto the outside of the body 106. Accordingly, please refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 5 The shape of the power supply cooling channel 108 in the third embodiment differs from that in the second embodiment. For example... Figure 4 As shown, in the third embodiment, the power supply cooling channel 108 is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the power supply housing 109, and the front cooling channel 111, the rear cooling channel 104 and the power supply cooling channel 108 are all connected to the main channel 105.
[0065] The structure of the power supply housing 109 and the power receiving housing 126 in the first embodiment will be described below. It should be noted that the power supply housing 109 and the power receiving housing 126 described below are not limited to the first embodiment, and can also be applied to other embodiments.
[0066] Figure 6 and Figure 7 The power supply housing 109 is shown from different perspectives. Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the power supply housing 109. (See attached image.) Figure 6 As shown, the power supply housing 109 includes a first central hole 205, a first receiving groove 201, a fixing hole 202, a cable outlet hole 203, an oblong groove 204, and a crescent groove 206. Please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 6The first central hole 205 is used to accommodate the front bearing housing 110, and the first receiving groove 201 is used to accommodate the power supply coil 118 and the electromagnetic core 119. For example... Figure 6 As shown, a fixing hole 202 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the power supply housing 109. The fixing hole 202 is used to install screws so that the power supply housing 109 and the mounting flange 107 can be connected. A cable outlet hole 203 is also provided on the outer peripheral surface of the power supply housing 109, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, the outlet hole 203 communicates with the first receiving groove 201. The wire used to connect the power supply coil 118 and the ultrasonic power supply is a second wire (not shown), which can be threaded through the outlet hole 203. Please refer to... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The waist-shaped groove 204 is located on the axial end face of the power supply housing 109, and the crescent groove 206 is located on the wall of the first central hole 205. Both the waist-shaped groove 204 and the crescent groove 206 are connected to the power supply cooling channel 108.
[0067] The cooling medium can flow through the crescent groove 206, thus flowing from the power supply cooling channel 108 into the front cooling channel 111 of the front bearing housing 110, or from the front cooling channel 111 into the power supply cooling channel 108. It should be noted that the oblong groove 204 is provided to facilitate the machining of the power supply cooling channel 108 in the power supply housing 109. After the spindle unit 100 is assembled, the oblong groove 204 is blocked (the component used to block the oblong groove 204 is not shown) to prevent the cooling medium from leaking from the end face of the power supply housing 109.
[0068] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The power receiving housing 126 is shown from different perspectives. Figure 11 for Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the power receiving housing 126 along section AA. (See figure) Figure 9 As shown, the power receiving housing 126 includes a second central hole 302, a second receiving groove 303, a wire passage 304, a first dynamic balancing hole 301, and a second dynamic balancing hole 305.
[0069] Please combine Figure 9 and Figure 1 The second central hole 302 is used to accommodate the front end of the shaft core 101, and the second receiving groove 303 is used to accommodate the current receiving coil 117 and the current receiving core 116. For example... Figure 11 As shown, both the second central hole 302 and the second receiving groove 303 are connected to the wire passage 304, which is used to allow the first wire 113 to pass through (the first wire 113 is shown in the image). Figure 1 (As shown).
[0070] like Figure 9As shown, multiple first dynamic balancing holes 301 are provided, and these holes are located on the outer peripheral surface of the power receiving housing 126. The multiple first dynamic balancing holes 301 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the power receiving housing 126. The power receiving housing 126 of this invention is externally mounted; therefore, compared to the prior art, the power receiving housing 126 has a larger volume and greater mass. To improve the dynamic balance performance of the large-volume power receiving housing 126, the power receiving housing 126 is provided with first dynamic balancing holes 301.
[0071] Similarly, such as Figure 10 As shown, the receiving housing 126 may also be provided with a plurality of second dynamic balancing holes 305. The second dynamic balancing holes 305 are disposed on the axial end face of the receiving housing 126, and the plurality of second dynamic balancing holes 305 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the receiving housing 126. The second dynamic balancing holes 305 can also improve the dynamic balance performance of the receiving housing 126. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the receiving housing 126 may only be provided with a first dynamic balancing hole 301 or only with a second dynamic balancing hole 305. In addition, the receiving housing 126 in the second to sixth embodiments may also be provided with a first dynamic balancing hole 301 and / or a second dynamic balancing hole 305.
[0072] In some embodiments, the axial distance between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 on the shaft core 101 (i.e., the gap between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117) is adjustable, which facilitates the user in adjusting the operating state of the power supply module 120. Specifically, if the gap between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 is too small, the air pressure in that gap will be too high, resulting in unstable power transmission between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117; if the gap between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 is too large, the power transmission efficiency between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 will be affected. Therefore, adjusting the gap between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 allows the user to adjust the operating state of the power supply module 120, thereby enabling the power supply module 120 to achieve both good power transmission effect and transmission efficiency.
[0073] In the first embodiment, the front and rear positions of the receiving housing 126 are adjustable, therefore the gap between the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 is adjustable. The following describes the process in conjunction with... Figure 11 and Figure 12 This section details how to adjust the gap, including... Figure 12 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the mating relationship between the shaft core 101 and the power receiving housing 126.
[0074] Please refer to Figure 11 The receiving housing 126 is provided with a first fastening hole 306 and an adjusting threaded hole 307, which are located on the front end face of the receiving housing 126. Figure 12 As shown, the shaft core 101 has a second fastening hole 403. The portion of the shaft core 101 located in the second center hole 302 may have the second fastening hole 403. The second fastening hole 403 is a threaded hole, and the second fastening hole 403 is aligned with the first fastening hole 306. The adjusting threaded hole 307 is offset from the second fastening hole 403.
[0075] like Figure 12 As shown, the spindle unit 100 also includes a fastening screw 401 and an adjusting screw 402. The fastening screw 401 passes through a first fastening hole 306 and a second fastening hole 403, and is threadedly connected to the second fastening hole 403, thereby fixing the power receiving housing 126 and the shaft core 101 to each other. Accordingly, the power receiving housing 126, the power receiving coil 117, and the power receiving core 116 all rotate synchronously with the shaft core 101. The adjusting screw 402 passes through an adjusting threaded hole 307, and is threadedly connected to the adjusting threaded hole 307. The power receiving housing 126 has a first surface 404, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the first surface 404 can specifically be one of the walls of the second center hole 302. The rear end of the adjusting threaded hole 307 is located on the first surface 404, and the rear end of the adjusting screw 402 protrudes rearward relative to the first surface 404. Figure 12 As shown, the shaft core 101 has a forward-facing second surface 405, and the first surface 404 and the second surface 405 are arranged facing each other. Specifically, the second surface 405 can be the front end surface of the shaft core 101.
[0076] Please refer to Figure 12 The adjusting screw 402 can rotate relative to the adjusting threaded hole 307, thereby changing the protrusion distance of the rear end of the adjusting screw 402 relative to the first surface 404. To ensure a stable connection between the receiving housing 126 and the shaft core 101, as the protrusion distance of the rear end of the adjusting screw 402 relative to the first surface 404 changes, the user can also rotate the fastening screw 401, thereby changing the depth of the fastening screw 401 inserted into the second fastening hole 403. This changes the distance between the first surface 404 and the second surface 405, and consequently, the relative position of the receiving housing 126 and the shaft core 101 in the front-rear direction. Since the relative position of the power supply housing 109 and the shaft core 101 in the front-rear direction remains constant, the change in the distance between the first surface 404 and the second surface 405 means that the distance between the receiving housing 126 and the power supply housing 109 will change, and the distance between the receiving coil 117 and the power supply coil 118 will also change.
[0077] More specifically, based on Figure 12In the indicated state, if the protrusion distance of the rear end of the adjusting screw 402 relative to the first surface 404 increases and the depth of the fastening screw 401 inserted into the second fastening hole 403 decreases, then the receiving housing 126 moves forward, and the gap between the receiving coil 117 and the power supply coil 118 will increase; if the protrusion distance of the rear end of the adjusting screw 402 relative to the first surface 404 decreases and the depth of the fastening screw 401 inserted into the second fastening hole 403 increases, then the receiving housing 126 moves backward, and the gap between the receiving coil 117 and the power supply coil 118 will decrease.
[0078] Figures 13 to 15 Spindle units 100 according to the fourth, fifth, and sixth embodiments of the present invention are shown respectively. The spindle units 100 of the fourth to sixth embodiments also satisfy the condition that the power supply module 120 is located outside the body 106. For the spindle units 100 of the first to third embodiments, both the power supply coil 118 and the power receiving coil 117 are disposed at the front end of the body 106; for the spindle units 100 of the fourth to sixth embodiments, both the power supply coil 118 and the power receiving coil 117 are disposed at the rear end of the body 106.
[0079] The spindle unit 100 of the fourth embodiment will be introduced below. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the spindle unit 100 includes a central bearing housing 502 and a central bearing 503. The central bearing housing 502 is located between the rear bearing housing 103 and the front bearing housing 110, and is connected to the rear end of the main body 106. The central bearing 503 is installed inside the central bearing housing 502 and is sleeved on the outside of the shaft core 101. The power supply housing 109 is connected to the central bearing housing 502 and is located behind the central bearing housing 502. The front half of the power supply housing 109 is sleeved on the outside of the power receiving housing 126. The rear bearing 102 is directly installed in the power supply housing 109. The power supply coil 118 and the power receiving coil 117 are distributed along the axial direction of the shaft core 101. The power supply coil 118 is located behind the power receiving coil 117, and both the power supply coil 118 and the power receiving coil 117 are located entirely behind the rear end face of the main body 106.
[0080] like Figure 13 As shown, the main body 106 is provided with a mounting cavity 501, which is used for the shaft core 101 to pass through, and for mounting the front bearing housing 110 and the middle bearing housing 502. Figure 13As shown, the outer diameters of the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 are larger than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity 501. This allows the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 to be designed to be larger, enabling the power supply module 120 to withstand higher power. It should be noted that the first to third embodiments, as well as the fifth embodiment described below, all satisfy the condition that the outer diameters of the power supply coil 118 and the receiving coil 117 are larger than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity 501; in the sixth embodiment described below, the outer diameter of the power supply coil 118 is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity 501.
[0081] like Figure 13 As shown, the power supply housing 109 has a power supply cooling channel 108, the body 106 has a main channel 105, and the front bearing housing 110 has a front cooling channel 111. The outer peripheral surface of the middle bearing housing 502 abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the body 106, and the outer peripheral surface of the middle bearing housing 502 is provided with a middle cooling channel 508. Figure 13 As shown, the inlet connector 506 and the outlet connector 507 can be installed on the power supply housing 109. Please refer to... Figure 13 and Figure 16 The cooling medium can enter the spindle unit 100 from the power supply cooling channel 108, then enter the main channel 105, and then be distributed to the intermediate cooling channel 508 and the front cooling channel 111.
[0082] The spindle unit 100 of the fifth embodiment will now be described. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the main difference between the fifth embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the spindle unit 100 in the fifth embodiment further includes a rear housing 504, which is connected to the rear end of the intermediate bearing housing 502, and the rear bearing 102 is installed in the rear housing 504. The power supply housing 109 and the power receiving housing 126 are both housed inside the rear housing 504. The power supply coil 118 and the power receiving coil 117 are distributed along the axial direction of the shaft core 101, with the power supply coil 118 located in front of the power receiving coil 117. The rear housing 504 has a housing flow channel, which communicates with the main flow channel 105, and the power supply cooling flow channel 108 also communicates with the housing flow channel. Cooling medium can enter the spindle unit 100 from the housing flow channel. A portion of the cooling medium in the housing flow channel enters the main flow channel 105, and another portion flows to the power supply cooling flow channel 108; the cooling medium entering the main flow channel is subsequently diverted to the intermediate cooling flow channel 508 and the front cooling flow channel 111.
[0083] The spindle unit 100 of the sixth embodiment will now be described. For example... Figure 15As shown, the main difference between the sixth embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that, in the sixth embodiment, the receiving coil 117 and the power supply coil 118 of the spindle unit 100 are radially distributed along the shaft core 101, and the power supply coil 118 is located around the receiving coil 117. The spindle unit 100 of the sixth embodiment has a power supply cooling channel 108, a main cooling channel 105, a middle cooling channel 508, and a front cooling channel 111.
[0084] The spindle unit 100 of any of the above embodiments can be applied in CNC machine tools.
[0085] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
Claims
1. A spindle unit, characterized in that, include: The main body has a mounting cavity; A shaft, a portion of which passes through the interior of the body, is rotatable relative to the body; A vibrator, the vibrator being connected to the front end of the shaft core, the front end of the vibrator being used to mount a tool holder or a cutting tool; An ultrasonic transducer is connected to the vibrator and is used to output ultrasonic waves to the vibrator. The ultrasonic transducer is disposed in the cavity enclosed by the vibrator and the shaft. The power supply module includes a power supply coil and a power receiving coil that are magnetically coupled to each other. The power supply coil is used to be electrically connected to the ultrasonic power supply, and the power receiving coil is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer. Both the power supply coil and the power receiving coil are located outside the main body. The front bearing housing is connected to the main body; The front bearing is installed inside the mounting cavity and sleeved on the outside of the shaft core; The outer diameter of the ultrasonic transducer is larger than the inner diameter of the front bearing, and the outer diameters of both the power supply coil and the power receiving coil are larger than the inner diameter of the mounting cavity.
2. The spindle unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the receiving coil and the supply coil are located at the front end of the main body or at the rear end of the main body.
3. The spindle unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply coil and the power receiving coil are distributed along the axial direction of the shaft core, and the distance between the power supply coil and the power receiving coil along the axial direction of the shaft core is adjustable.
4. The spindle unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spindle unit also includes a power supply housing and a power receiving housing, wherein the power supply coil is installed in the power supply housing and the power receiving coil is installed in the power receiving housing; The power receiving housing is provided with a first fastening hole and an adjusting threaded hole, the shaft is provided with a second fastening hole, the first fastening hole and the second fastening hole are aligned, the adjusting threaded hole is offset from the second fastening hole, the power receiving housing is provided with a rearward first surface, the shaft is provided with a forward second surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged facing each other, and the rear end of the adjusting threaded hole is provided on the first surface; The spindle unit also includes: A fastening screw passes through the first fastening hole and the second fastening hole, and connects the power receiving housing and the shaft core. The second fastening hole is threadedly connected to the fastening screw. An adjusting screw is inserted into the adjusting threaded hole, with its rear end abutting against the second surface. The adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the adjusting threaded hole and can rotate relative to the adjusting threaded hole to change the protrusion distance of its rear end relative to the first surface.
5. The spindle unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spindle unit also includes a power supply housing, and the power supply coil is installed in the power supply housing; The power supply housing has a power supply cooling channel, in which a cooling medium for cooling the power supply coil can flow.
6. The spindle unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spindle unit also includes a power receiving housing, and the power receiving coil is installed in the power receiving housing; The power receiving housing includes a plurality of first dynamic balancing holes, which are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the power receiving housing and are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the power receiving housing; and / or, the power receiving housing includes a plurality of second dynamic balancing holes, which are formed on the axial end face of the power receiving housing and are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the power receiving housing.
7. The spindle unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle unit also includes: An electric motor is installed inside the main body and is used to drive the shaft to rotate; A cooling jacket is installed inside the main body and fitted over the outside of the motor. The cooling jacket has a motor cooling channel in which a cooling medium for cooling the motor can flow.
8. The spindle unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle unit also includes: The front bearing housing is connected to the main body; The front bearing is installed in the front bearing housing and sleeved on the outside of the shaft core; The rear bearing housing is connected to the body and spaced apart behind the front bearing housing; The rear bearing is installed in the rear bearing housing and sleeved on the outside of the shaft core; The front bearing housing is provided with a front cooling channel, in which a cooling medium for cooling the front bearing can flow; and / or, the rear bearing housing is provided with a rear cooling channel, in which a cooling medium for cooling the rear bearing can flow.
9. A CNC machine tool, characterized in that, Includes the spindle unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.