Coronary stent

Abstract

This disclosure provides a crown remover, applicable to the field of medical device technology. The crown remover includes: a plate-shaped support portion including a first through hole penetrating the plate-shaped support portion; a cylindrical drive portion disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion, with a second through hole at the axis of the cylindrical drive portion; a crown removal portion including a stretching portion penetrating the first and second through holes, with a force-bearing plate on the side of the stretching portion near the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion, and crown removal grippers on the side of the stretching portion near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion; and a heating coil disposed on the circumferential side of the cylindrical drive portion. The cylindrical drive portion and the crown removal grippers are made of shape memory alloy material, and the austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive portion is... s1 ≥40℃, excluding the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown clamps f1 ≤20℃; When the heating coil is energized, the cylindrical drive part is heated and transforms from martensitic phase to austenitic phase, elongating and pushing the force plate, thereby driving the crown removal claw on the stretching part to move along the axial direction of the cylindrical drive part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of medical device technology, and more specifically, to a crown remover for removing dental crowns. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of related medical devices, crown removal typically employs instruments with curved tips to pry open and remove the crown. However, due to the narrowness of the oral cavity and the sharp hooks on these instruments, the confined space lacks suitable points of force, making crown removal difficult. Furthermore, the sharp hooks pose a risk of further damage to the patient's oral cavity if improper force is applied (e.g., excessive prying causing the crown to suddenly break off), leading to infection and other secondary injuries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this disclosure provides a crown remover that is suitable for the narrow space of the oral cavity and can generate a large force to remove the crown without causing damage to the patient's oral cavity.

[0004] This disclosure provides a crown remover for removing tooth crowns. The crown remover includes: a plate-shaped support portion including an upper surface, a lower surface, and a first through hole penetrating the plate-shaped support portion; a cylindrical drive portion disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion, the cylindrical drive portion having a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole at its axial center; a crown removal portion including a stretching portion penetrating the first through hole and the second through hole, a force-bearing plate fixedly disposed on the side of the stretching portion near the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion, and a crown removal gripper for gripping the tooth crown fixedly disposed on the side of the stretching portion near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion; and a heating coil disposed on the circumferential side of the cylindrical drive portion for heating the cylindrical drive portion; wherein the cylindrical drive portion and the crown removal gripper are made of shape memory alloy material, and the austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive portion is... s1 ≥40℃, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown clamp is... f1 ≤20℃; When the heating coil is energized, the cylindrical driving part is heated and transforms from martensitic phase to austenitic phase, elongating and pushing the force plate, thereby driving the crown removal claw on the stretching part to move along the axial direction of the cylindrical driving part.

[0005] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the stretched portion is made of shape memory alloy material, and the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature of the stretched portion is 20°C ≤ A. f2 ≤40℃.

[0006] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the material used to manufacture the cylindrical drive portion includes a NiMn-based shape memory alloy; the material used to manufacture the stretching portion and the crown removal gripper includes a NiTi-based shape memory alloy.

[0007] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the cylindrical drive portion elongates in the axial direction when it transforms from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase.

[0008] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the stretched portion shortens in the axial direction as it transforms from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase.

[0009] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the crown removal gripper includes: a connecting portion for fixedly connecting to one side of the stretching portion near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion; and gripper portions disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the connecting portion; the connecting portion and the gripper portions are integrally formed.

[0010] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when the crown removal claws are in the martensitic phase, the claw portions are in an open state so that the crown can be placed between the opposing claw portions; when the crown removal claws are in the austenitic phase, the claw portions are in a gripping state so as to grip the crown placed between the opposing claw portions.

[0011] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the crown remover further includes a housing disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion for sealing a portion of the crown removal portion, the cylindrical drive portion, and the heating coil within the housing.

[0012] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the crown remover further includes a sealing ring, which is sleeved around the periphery of the stretching portion and located within the first through hole to seal the first through hole and the stretching portion.

[0013] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the plate-shaped support portion includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, a first support sub-part is disposed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion near the first end, a second support sub-part is disposed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion near the second end, and the first through hole is disposed between the first end and the second end.

[0014] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the crown remover includes a cylindrical drive section and crown removal jaws, both made of shape memory alloy. The cylindrical drive section can generate a large driving force through temperature actuation, and the crown removal jaws generate a large clamping force on the crown being removed through temperature actuation. Furthermore, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown removal jaws is... f1Set to less than or equal to 20°C, so that the crown removal grippers can be driven by body temperature to grasp the crown. The austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive unit is set. s1 Setting the temperature to 40°C or higher effectively avoids the influence of body temperature on the cylindrical drive unit, and the elongation of the cylindrical drive unit can be controlled by a heating coil. Because the cylindrical drive unit uses a shape memory alloy, it can provide a large driving force through temperature alone within a relatively small size. Therefore, it can meet the operational needs of narrow oral cavities and the large driving force required for tooth crown extraction. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The foregoing contents, as well as other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure, will become clearer from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural view of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 2 This schematic diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structure of the crown remover after the housing has been removed, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 This schematic diagram illustrates a perspective view of the plate-shaped support portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 4 This schematic diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural view of the cylindrical drive portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 5 The schematic diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural view of the crown removal section of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 6A The schematic diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural view of the crown removal section of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 6B The diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural schematic of the crown removal portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] It should be noted that, for clarity, the dimensions of structures or regions in the accompanying drawings used to describe embodiments of this disclosure may be enlarged or reduced; that is, these drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0025] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0026] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0027] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C," it should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include, but is not limited to, systems having A alone, having B alone, having C alone, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.). The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0028] In this paper, shape memory alloys undergo phase transformation processes during their transformation, such as the transformation from austenite to martensite, or vice versa. Generally, the phase transformation process in shape memory alloys exhibits a certain lag; for example, the transformation from martensite to austenite occurs at an austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A. s and the austenite phase transformation termination temperature A f The austenitic transformation start temperature As refers to the temperature at which the phase changes from martensite to austenite. The austenitic transformation end temperature At f This refers to the temperature at which the martensitic phase completely transforms into the austenitic phase, above A. f At a certain temperature, shape memory alloys will completely transform from martensite to austenite.

[0029] In existing technologies, when removing tooth crowns, instruments with curved tips are used to pry open and remove the crowns. This method is inconvenient and can easily cause oral trauma to the patient. If other mechanical instruments are used for crown removal, the large driving force required for extraction makes them too large to fit in the narrow oral cavity. Therefore, the process of removing tooth crowns faces the problem of a small oral cavity that cannot accommodate large crown removal devices, or the risk of oral trauma to the patient.

[0030] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of this disclosure provide a crown remover based on shape memory alloy, which can meet the needs of applications with smaller oral cavity sizes. At the same time, the drive unit, made of shape memory alloy material, can generate a large driving force, meeting the requirements for removing crowns in small oral cavity sizes with a large driving force.

[0031] The crown remover disclosed herein is used to remove tooth crowns. The crown remover includes, but is not limited to: a plate-shaped support portion, including an upper surface, a lower surface, and a first through-hole penetrating the plate-shaped support portion; a cylindrical drive portion disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion, the cylindrical drive portion having a second through-hole corresponding to the first through-hole at its axial center; a crown removal portion, including a tension portion penetrating the first through-hole and the second through-hole, a force-bearing plate fixedly disposed on the side of the tension portion near the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion, and crown removal grippers fixedly disposed on the side of the tension portion near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion for gripping the tooth crown; and a heating coil disposed on the circumferential side of the cylindrical drive portion for heating the cylindrical drive portion; wherein the cylindrical drive portion and the crown removal grippers are made of shape memory alloy material, and the austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive portion is... s1 ≥40℃, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown clamp is... f1 ≤20℃; When the heating coil is energized, the cylindrical driving part is heated and transforms from martensitic phase to austenitic phase, elongating and pushing the force plate, thereby driving the crown removal claw on the stretching part to move along the axial direction of the cylindrical driving part.

[0032] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the crown remover includes a cylindrical drive section and crown removal jaws, both made of shape memory alloy. The cylindrical drive section can generate a large driving force through temperature actuation, and the crown removal jaws generate a large clamping force on the crown being removed through temperature actuation. Furthermore, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown removal jaws is... f1 Set to less than or equal to 20°C, so that the crown removal grippers can be driven by body temperature to grasp the crown. The austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive unit is set. s1Setting the temperature to 40°C or higher effectively avoids the influence of body temperature on the cylindrical drive unit, and its elongation can be controlled by a heating coil. Because the cylindrical drive unit uses a shape memory alloy, it can provide significant driving force through temperature alone, despite its relatively small size. Therefore, it can meet the needs of operations requiring greater driving force in narrow oral cavities and for crown extraction. Furthermore, this crown remover uses the gum or other teeth as support, directly contacting the plate-like support unit, thus preventing trauma to the patient's oral cavity.

[0033] The following is combined Figures 1 to 6B The crown remover according to the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The schematic diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structure of the crown remover after the housing has been removed, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the crown remover 100 of this embodiment is used to remove the crown portion of a patient's tooth. The crown remover 100 includes: a plate-shaped support part 10, a cylindrical drive part 20, a crown removal part 30, a heating coil 40, a housing 50, and a power supply 60.

[0036] A cylindrical drive unit 20 is mounted on a plate-shaped support unit 10. A portion of the crown removal unit 30 is disposed within the cylindrical drive unit 20. The crown removal unit 30 is driven by the cylindrical drive unit 20 to move and move the crown removal grippers 33 on the crown removal unit 30, thereby removing the grasped crown. A heating coil 40 surrounds the circumferential side of the cylindrical drive unit 20 and is used to heat the cylindrical drive unit 20, thereby driving the cylindrical drive unit to extend. The heating coil 40 is electrically connected to a power supply 60. In this embodiment, the power supply 60 is disposed outside the housing 50 via a wire, which facilitates a reduction in the volume of the crown remover 100 and meets the requirements of a small oral cavity. The housing 50 covers the upper side of the plate-shaped support unit 10 and houses the cylindrical drive unit 20, the crown removal unit 30, and the heating coil 40 within the housing, thereby avoiding problems such as crown remover failure caused by corrosion or contamination of the components inside the housing 50 by oral fluids during the crown removal process. Specifically, the housing 50 is disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion 10, for sealing a portion of the crown-removing portion 30, the cylindrical drive portion 20, and the heating coil 40 within the housing.

[0037] In some optional embodiments of this disclosure, the power supply may include a current precision control unit, which can achieve precise control of the current in the heating coil to improve control accuracy.

[0038] Figure 3The diagram illustrates a perspective view of the plate-shaped support portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a perspective view of the cylindrical drive portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural schematic of the crown removal portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the plate-shaped support portion 10 includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and a first through hole 101 penetrating the plate-shaped support portion. The plate-shaped support portion 10 includes a first end D1 and a second end D2 disposed opposite to each other. A first support sub-part 11 is disposed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion 10 near the first end D1, and a second support sub-part 12 is disposed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion 10 near the second end D2. The first through hole 101 is disposed between the first end D1 and the second end D2.

[0040] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the length and width of the plate-shaped support portion 10 of the crown remover are the maximum dimensions of the crown remover in length and width. To meet the needs of the limited space in the oral cavity, the length of the plate-shaped support portion 10 can be set to be less than or equal to 35 mm, and the width can be set to be less than or equal to 25 mm, allowing the crown remover to be completely placed inside the oral cavity for crown removal. To avoid damage to the inner wall of the patient's oral cavity caused by the crown remover, chamfers are provided on the outer surface of the crown remover, the plate-shaped support portion, and other locations that are likely to come into contact with the patient's oral cavity.

[0041] The first support sub-part 11 and the second support sub-part 12 are used to contact and support other teeth or gums, so that the tooth whose crown needs to be extracted is located in the middle of the plate-shaped support part 10, so that the crown removal claw of the crown removal part 30 described below can grasp the crown.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a cylindrical drive unit 20 is disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support unit 10, and the cylindrical drive unit 20 has a second through hole 201 corresponding to the first through hole 101 at its axis. When the cylindrical drive unit 20 is mounted on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support unit 10, the axis lines of the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 201 coincide, thereby facilitating the movement of the crown removal part 30 described below through the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 201.

[0043] For example, the cylindrical drive unit 20 is generally cylindrical with a through hole. By setting the cylindrical drive unit, the contact area between the plate-shaped support unit and the crown removal unit in the radial direction can be increased, so that the cylindrical drive unit is subjected to more uniform force when it absorbs heat and elongates, ensuring that the crown remover can maintain stable operation during the process of removing the crown.

[0044] As Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the crown removal portion 30 includes a stretching portion 31 that penetrates the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 201. A force-bearing plate 32 is fixedly provided on the side of the stretching portion 31 near the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion 10, and a crown removal claw 33 for gripping the crown is fixedly provided on the side of the stretching portion 31 near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion 10.

[0045] The side of the force-bearing plate 32 near the plate-shaped support portion contacts the upper surface of the cylindrical drive portion 20. The crown removal gripper 33 is used to grip the crown, and after gripping the crown, it abuts against the force-bearing plate 32 through the cylindrical drive portion 20. The force-bearing plate 32 drives the crown removal gripper 33 to move, thereby removing the crown.

[0046] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the overall length of the crown removal portion 30 is similar to the height of the crown remover. Therefore, in order to meet the operational requirements of the crown remover in the narrow space of the oral cavity, the height of the crown removal portion 30 is set to be less than or equal to 20 mm, thereby satisfying the influence of the opening during the removal of the crown.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, a heating coil 40 is disposed on the circumferential side of the cylindrical drive portion 20 for heating the cylindrical drive portion 20. The heating coil 40 surrounds the cylindrical drive portion 20 on its circumferential side. By passing current through the heating coil, the cylindrical drive portion located within the heating coil is heated, causing it to elongate upon heating, thereby generating a driving force for removing the crown. The heating coil 40 is electrically connected to a power source 60, for example, via a wire.

[0048] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the cylindrical drive unit 20 and the crown removal gripper 33 are made of shape memory alloy material. Since shape memory alloy material will deform during the phase transformation process, for example, when the temperature rises, the shape memory alloy transforms from martensite phase to austenite phase and recovers to the shape of austenite phase. It can drive the shape memory alloy to undergo phase transformation by temperature alone, and generate a large driving force during the phase transformation to the shape of austenite phase at high temperature. Thus, a large driving force can be generated with a simple and small structure to meet the requirements of crown removal.

[0049] The austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive section 20 s1 ≥40℃, that is, the cylindrical drive part 20 has a phase transformation start temperature of greater than or equal to 40℃ when it transforms from martensite to austenite. Since the temperature of the human body is necessarily less than 40℃, the influence of the human body temperature on the cylindrical drive part can be avoided during the removal of the crown, and the cylindrical drive part can be driven by heating coils alone.

[0050] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the cylindrical drive section is heated by a heating coil, since the austenite phase transformation initiation temperature A... s1 ≥40℃. In addition, since there is a certain temperature range between the start temperature and the end temperature of the austenitic phase transformation, the transformation of part or all of the martensite into the austenitic phase can be controlled by precisely controlling the temperature, thereby achieving accurate control of the driving force.

[0051] Specifically, since there is a temperature range, such as 10°C, between the start temperature and the end temperature of the austenitic phase transformation, the proportion of the austenitic phase can be controlled by controlling the temperature. This allows for control of both the driving force of the cylindrical drive and the length change of the cylindrical drive, thereby accurately controlling the force required to remove the crown.

[0052] Furthermore, due to the austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive section s1 If the patient experiences discomfort during the removal of the crown at a temperature of ≥40℃, heating can be stopped. Since there is a certain temperature difference between the austenite phase transformation temperature and the human body temperature, natural heat dissipation can be achieved, eliminating the driving force of the cylindrical drive unit and reducing or even eliminating the discomfort during crown removal.

[0053] Except for the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of crown clamp 33 f1 ≤20℃. Since the crown removal claw 33 directly contacts the tooth crown, and to prevent the crown from falling out during the removal process, the crown removal claw is made of shape memory alloy. It can achieve the purpose of grasping the crown through temperature actuation. The crown removal claw 33 can be made of one-piece molded shape memory alloy, which has the characteristics of simple structure and large grasping force. On the one hand, it avoids more complex structures and meets the application needs of narrow oral cavity. On the other hand, it can generate a large grasping force through temperature actuation, preventing the crown from falling out during the removal process.

[0054] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the crown removal claw 33 directly contacts the human tooth crown. To ensure that the crown removal claw has excellent clamping force, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown removal claw is... f1 ≤20℃, meaning the termination temperature at which the crown removal clamp 33 completely transforms from martensite to austenite is less than or equal to 20℃. That is, when the temperature is above 20℃, the crown removal clamp completely returns to the shape of the austenite phase. When the crown removal clamp 33 is in the austenite phase, it is in a gripping state, that is, it completely clamps the crown. When the temperature is below 20℃, a part of the crown removal clamp 33 transforms from martensite to austenite, providing a smaller clamping force. If the temperature is even lower, below the austenite phase transformation start temperature, the crown removal clamp 33 is in an open state, at which time the crown can be placed between the crown removal clamps.

[0055] The process of using the crown removal clamp 33 is as follows: The crown removal clamp 33 can be placed in ice water or low-temperature alcohol to bring it to the martensitic phase. The clamp can then be manually opened to allow the crown to be inserted between it. After the crown is placed between the clamps, the human body temperature (around 37°C) heats the clamp, transforming it from martensitic to austenitic phase, thus restoring it to its austenitic shape and allowing for proper clamping. The austenitic phase transformation termination temperature of the crown removal clamp is set to A. f1 With a temperature of ≤20℃, the crown removal clamps can be driven by body temperature to grasp the crowns, improving the gripping stability of the crown removal clamps and simplifying the structure of the crown remover.

[0056] When the heating coil 40 is energized, the cylindrical drive part 20 is heated and transforms from martensitic phase to austenitic phase, elongating and pushing the force plate 32, thereby causing the crown removal claw 33 on the stretching part 31 to move along the axial direction of the cylindrical drive part.

[0057] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the cylindrical driving unit 20 is driven by an energized heating coil. If the A of the cylindrical driving unit... s1 If the temperature is below 40℃, an austenitic phase transformation may occur before the crown removal procedure, driven by body temperature, causing the cylindrical drive section 20 to elongate prematurely. Therefore, the austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature of the cylindrical drive section 20 is set to A. s1 The temperature is ≥40℃. At the same time, the cylindrical drive unit uses a heating coil 40 for driving, which can avoid the influence of human body temperature on the cylindrical drive unit and can increase the driving distance of the cylindrical drive unit.

[0058] The deformation during phase transformation of shape memory alloys is generally between 5% and 10%. Therefore, due to the small space in the human oral cavity, if only the cylindrical drive part 20 is used to drive the movement of the crown removal gripper, the length of the cylindrical drive part would be too long, which is not conducive to meeting the requirements of the small space in the human oral cavity. In order to further reduce the size of the crown remover, the stretching part 31 of the crown removal part 30 is made of shape memory alloy material, and the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature of the stretching part 31 is 20℃≤A. f2 The temperature is ≤40℃, which reduces the size of the crown remover and meets the needs of a small oral cavity. The stretching part 31 can be driven to contract by body temperature. When body temperature cannot drive it, since part of the stretching part 31 is located in the cylindrical drive part, when the cylindrical drive part 20 heats up, some heat is transferred to the stretching part 31, which can continue to drive the stretching part to contract.

[0059] In the embodiments of this disclosure, since a portion of the stretching portion 31 of the crown removal portion 30 is exposed in the oral cavity, the stretching portion 31 of the crown removal portion 30 can be heated by the body temperature, thereby driving the stretching portion 31 to transform from martensitic phase to austenitic phase, so as to stretch the crown removal claw 33 of the crown removal portion 30.

[0060] Since the deformation of shape memory alloys undergoing phase transformation is between 5% and 10%, in order to meet the requirement of miniaturization of crown removers, both the cylindrical drive part 20 and the stretching part 31 are set as drive parts with different temperature-driven deformation modes.

[0061] For example, when the cylindrical drive portion 20 transforms from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase, the cylindrical drive portion elongates in the axial direction. When the stretching portion 31 transforms from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase, the stretching portion 31 shortens in the axial direction. Compared to using only the cylindrical drive portion, greater deformation and a smaller crown remover can be achieved, meeting the needs of applications with small oral cavity sizes.

[0062] Since the cylindrical drive section 20 elongates when driven by temperature, and the stretching section 31 shortens when driven by temperature, for example, if the size of the cylindrical drive section before phase change is a1, the elongated size of the cylindrical drive section is a2, the size of the stretching section before phase change is b1, and the shortened size of the stretching section is b2, then the combined change size of the cylindrical drive section and the stretching section is a2+b2. However, the size occupied by the cylindrical drive section and the stretching section of the crown remover described above is b1, not a1+b1. Therefore, by adopting the above design, the size of the crown remover can be significantly reduced while ensuring a large deformation size, thus meeting the requirement for miniaturization of the crown remover.

[0063] In the embodiments of this disclosure, due to the austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive portion 20 s1 The temperature requirement is ≥40℃, and the force received by the cylindrical drive part is compressive. Therefore, a NiMn-based shape memory alloy, such as NiMnTi alloy, is used. This alloy possesses both a high phase transformation temperature and good compressive properties. The stretching part and the crown-removing gripper require good tensile and deformation properties. Furthermore, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the stretching part and the crown-removing gripper is also important. f1 Since the temperature is ≤20℃, the materials for the stretching part and the crown-removing gripper are NiTi-based shape memory alloys, such as NiTi alloys and NiTiCu alloys. This satisfies both the requirements for good mechanical properties and the requirement for phase transition temperature.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, the crown removal gripper 33 includes: a connecting portion 331 for fixed connection with the side of the stretching portion 31 near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion; gripper portions 332 are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the connecting portion 331; the connecting portion 331 and the gripper portions 332 are integrally formed.

[0065] When the crown removal clamp 33 is in the martensitic phase, the clamp portion 332 is in the open state so that the crown can be placed between the opposing clamp portions. When the crown removal clamp is in the austenitic phase, the clamp portion 332 is in the gripping state so as to grip the crown placed between the opposing clamp portions.

[0066] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the crown removal claw 33 is made of shape memory alloy, and the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown removal claw 33 is... f1 At ≤20℃, the crown removal gripper can be driven by the body temperature, while ensuring a large gripping force and good gripping stability during the process of removing the crown.

[0067] For example, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown clamps f1 If the patient experiences discomfort during the crown removal process and needs to stop the process, ice water at a temperature of less than 20°C can be sprayed onto the crown removal clamps to eliminate the force of the clamps gripping the crowns, thereby allowing the clamps to be removed.

[0068] Furthermore, since the crown removal clamp is connected to the stretching part, the stretching force of the stretching part can be eliminated during the spraying of ice water, thus making it easier to remove the crown removal clamp from the crown.

[0069] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the crown remover further includes a sealing ring (not shown in the figures), which is sleeved around the periphery of the stretching portion and located within the first through hole to seal the first through hole and the stretching portion.

[0070] The sealing ring prevents liquid from entering the crown remover housing through the first through-hole, thus preventing damage to components such as the heating coil inside the housing.

[0071] Figure 6A The diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural schematic of the crown removal portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6B The diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structural schematic of the crown removal portion of a crown remover according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0072] The following is combined Figure 6A and Figure 6B The operation process of the crown remover according to the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail.

[0073] like Figure 6AAs shown, the cylindrical drive section 20, the stretching section 31, and the crown removal gripper 33 in the crown remover 100 are all in the martensitic phase. The length of the cylindrical drive section 20 in the martensitic phase is L. 11 The length dimension of the stretched section 31 in the martensitic phase is L. 21 The crown removal clamp 33 is in the open state in the martensitic phase, and the crown M can be inserted between the clamp portions 332 of the crown removal clamp 33.

[0074] like Figure 6B As shown, when the crown M is placed between the jaws 332 of the crown removal clamp 33, the temperature of the crown removal clamp 33 rises due to the influence of body temperature, and it begins to transform from martensite to austenite. This causes the jaws 332 of the crown removal clamp 33 to be in a gripping state, thus gripping the crown M. The stretching portion 31, also affected by body temperature, transforms from martensite to austenite, and its length changes from L... 21 Shortened to L 22 To further remove the crown, current is passed through the heating coil to heat the cylindrical drive section 20. After heating, the cylindrical drive section 20 transforms from martensitic to austenitic phase, and the length of the cylindrical drive section changes from L... 11 Elongation is L 12 This supports the force plate 32 on the upper side of the crown removal portion 30, thereby moving the stretching portion and the crown removal gripper 332 to remove the crown M. The total moving distance for crown removal is (L... 12 -L 11 )+(L 21 -L 22 This means that it has a large moving distance, while the overall size of the crown remover is small.

[0075] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the crown remover includes a cylindrical drive section and crown removal jaws, both made of shape memory alloy. The cylindrical drive section can generate a large driving force through temperature actuation, and the crown removal jaws generate a large clamping force on the crown being removed through temperature actuation. Furthermore, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown removal jaws is... f1 Set to less than or equal to 20°C, so that the crown removal grippers can be driven by body temperature to grasp the crown. The austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive unit is set. s1 Setting the temperature to 40°C or higher effectively avoids the influence of body temperature on the cylindrical drive unit, and the elongation of the cylindrical drive unit can be controlled by a heating coil. Because the cylindrical drive unit uses a shape memory alloy, it can provide a large driving force through temperature alone within a relatively small size. Therefore, it can meet the operational needs of narrow oral cavities and the large driving force required for tooth crown extraction.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this disclosure can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this disclosure. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this disclosure can be combined or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this disclosure. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this disclosure.

[0077] The embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this disclosure, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A crown remover for removing a tooth crown, the crown remover comprising: A plate-shaped support portion includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and a first through hole penetrating the plate-shaped support portion; A cylindrical drive unit is disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support unit, and the cylindrical drive unit has a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole at its axis. The crown removal part includes a stretching part that penetrates the first through hole and the second through hole. A force-bearing plate is fixedly provided on the side of the stretching part near the upper surface of the plate-shaped support part, and a crown removal claw for gripping the crown is fixedly provided on the side of the stretching part near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support part. A heating coil is disposed on the circumferential side of the cylindrical drive part for heating the cylindrical drive part; The cylindrical drive unit and the crown removal gripper are made of shape memory alloy material. The austenitic phase transformation initiation temperature A of the cylindrical drive section s1 ≥40℃, the austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the crown clamp is... f1 ≤20℃; When the heating coil is energized, the cylindrical driving part is heated and transforms from martensitic to austenitic phase, elongating and pushing the force plate, thereby causing the crown-removing gripper on the stretching part to move along the axial direction of the cylindrical driving part. The stretching part is made of shape memory alloy material. The austenitic phase transformation termination temperature A of the stretched section f2 ≤20℃.

2. The crown remover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials used to manufacture the cylindrical drive unit include NiMn-based shape memory alloys; The materials used to manufacture the stretching section and the crown removal gripper include NiTi-based shape memory alloys.

3. The crown remover according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the cylindrical driving part transforms from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase, the cylindrical driving part elongates in the axial direction.

4. The crown remover according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the stretched portion transforms from the martensitic phase to the austenitic phase, the stretched portion shortens along the axial direction.

5. The crown remover according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crown removal gripper includes: A connecting portion is used to be fixedly connected to the side of the stretching portion near the lower surface of the plate-shaped support portion; The gripper portions are arranged oppositely on both sides of the connecting portion; The connecting part and the gripper part are manufactured as a single piece.

6. The crown remover according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the crown removal clamps are of the martensitic phase, the clamp portions are in an open state, allowing the crown to be inserted between the opposing clamp portions. When the crown removal jaws are in the austenitic phase, the jaws are in a gripping state to grip and place the crown between the opposing jaws.

7. The crown remover according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A housing is disposed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped support portion for sealing a portion of the crown portion, the cylindrical drive portion, and the heating coil within the housing.

8. The crown remover according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes sealing rings, The sealing ring is fitted around the periphery of the stretching portion and is located inside the first through hole to seal the first through hole and the stretching portion.

9. The crown remover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plate-shaped support includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other. A first support sub-part is disposed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped support near the first end, and a second support sub-part is disposed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped support near the second end. The first through hole is disposed between the first end and the second end.

Images