A method and apparatus for detecting excessive radial dimensions of boring tools

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for detecting when the radial dimension of a boring tool exceeds its limit. Before boring, the workpiece is mounted on the machine tool table, and the boring tool is mounted on the machine tool spindle. A signal light, power supply, machine tool spindle, and machine tool table are connected in series to form a circuit. A quick-positioning element is used to precisely adjust the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device to the maximum diameter of the workpiece's inner hole. The quick-positioning element is removed, and the machine tool spindle is reversed. If the signal light does not illuminate after the boring tool passes the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device, the machine tool spindle is returned to forward rotation and normal cutting speed to begin boring. After one pass, the boring tool diameter is increased to boring the remaining material on the inner hole wall of the workpiece. Each time the boring tool diameter is adjusted, the reverse detection process is repeated. If the signal light illuminates, machining must be stopped immediately, and the boring tool diameter must be checked again. This method can detect when the boring tool diameter exceeds the maximum diameter of the inner hole before boring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the boring of internal holes in aerospace product parts, and in particular to a method and apparatus for detecting that the radial dimension of the boring tool exceeds the limit. Background Technology

[0002] In aerospace product parts, the diameter of the bore is a crucial fitting dimension. Out-of-tolerance bore diameters often severely impact product strength, interchangeability, and assembly quality. In aerospace product manufacturing, if bore diameters exceed tolerances, subsequent processes cannot remedy the situation, directly leading to product scrap. Bore diameter out-of-tolerance is often caused by an excessively large boring bar diameter. Reasons for this include incorrect radial dimension adjustment of the boring bar, mismatch between the insert locating surface and the boring bar mounting surface, and malfunction of the boring bar radial dimension adjustment mechanism.

[0003] In traditional machining plants with low levels of digitalization and intelligence, such quality problems are often indirectly controlled through methods such as operator skills training. Without effective error prevention methods, these quality problems are difficult to eradicate, causing not only huge economic losses to the factory but also delaying production nodes and ultimately weakening the factory's competitiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that, in view of the inadequacy of boring tools, which can easily cause the hole diameter to exceed the tolerance due to excessively large machining diameter, this invention provides a reliable and versatile method and device for detecting the radial dimension of boring tools exceeding the limit. This method is used to detect whether the diameter of the boring tool exceeds the maximum inner hole diameter before boring, thereby avoiding the quality risk of hole diameter exceeding the tolerance.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for detecting that the radial dimension of a boring tool exceeds the limit includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Manufacturing a boring tool diameter detection device: The boring tool diameter detection device includes a first body, a detection head, an indicator light, a power supply and a fine-tuning mechanism. The detection head is telescopically mounted on the first body, and the fine-tuning mechanism is installed between the detection head and the first body. The front end of the detection head has a detection surface.

[0008] S2: Fabrication of a rapid positioning element: The rapid positioning element includes a second body, on which a first contact surface is attached to the detection surface and a second contact surface is attached to the inner wall of the part. The length of the first contact surface extending beyond the second contact surface is equal to half the difference between the final theoretical size of the inner hole diameter of the part and the size before boring.

[0009] S3: Before boring, first install the part on the machine tool worktable, install the boring tool on the machine tool spindle, and connect the indicator light, power supply, machine tool spindle and machine tool worktable in series to form a circuit;

[0010] S4: Fit the second contact surface of the quick positioning element with the inner hole wall of the part, install the boring tool diameter detection device at the edge of the hole on the end face of the inner hole of the part, make the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device contact the first contact surface of the quick positioning element, and rotate the quick positioning element to determine that the contact point between the first contact surface and the detection surface is unique, and then precisely adjust the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device to the maximum diameter of the inner hole of the part;

[0011] S5: Remove the quick-positioning element and run the boring program: First, reverse the machine spindle. If the indicator light does not illuminate after the boring tool passes the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device, then restore the machine spindle to forward rotation and normal cutting speed to start boring. After one machining operation is completed, increase the boring tool diameter to bore the remaining material of the inner hole wall of the part. Each time the boring tool diameter is adjusted, repeat the reverse detection process. If the indicator light illuminates, stop machining immediately and recheck the boring tool diameter.

[0012] It should be noted that the boring tool diameter mentioned in this invention refers to the diameter of the cutting part of the tool during boring; the final theoretical size of the inner hole diameter of the part refers to the hole diameter determined during design without tolerance; the maximum inner hole diameter of the part refers to the hole diameter with the maximum tolerance. For example, if the inner hole diameter of the part is φ45H8, the final theoretical size of the inner hole diameter of the part is φ45, the tolerance of H8 is (0 to +0.039), and the maximum inner hole diameter of the part is φ45 + 0.039 = 45.039.

[0013] Preferably, in S4, the method for precisely adjusting the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device to the maximum diameter of the inner hole of the part is as follows: first, use a lever dial indicator to measure the actual distance between the center of the unmachined inner hole and the detection surface; then, move the dial indicator head until the detection value of the lever dial indicator is equal to half of the maximum diameter of the inner hole of the part; and then adjust the detection surface to just contact the dial indicator head through the fine-tuning mechanism of the boring tool diameter detection device.

[0014] Preferably, in S5, during the boring program, the parameters for reversing the machine tool spindle are a rotational speed of 10-15 rad / min and an axial feed rate of 5-10 mm / min.

[0015] Preferably, the boring tool diameter detection device is fixed to the part by magnetic attraction or adhesive bonding.

[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a device for detecting the radial dimension of a boring tool exceeding the limit, which includes a part, a machine tool for machining the part, a boring tool diameter detection device and a rapid positioning element. The boring tool diameter detection device includes a first body, a detection head, an indicator light, a power supply and a fine adjustment mechanism. The detection head is telescopically mounted on the first body, and the fine adjustment mechanism is installed between the detection head and the first body. The front end of the detection head has a detection surface.

[0017] The rapid positioning element includes a second body, on which a first contact surface is attached to the detection surface and a second contact surface is attached to the inner hole wall of the part. The length of the first contact surface extending beyond the second contact surface is equal to half the difference between the final theoretical size of the inner hole diameter of the part and the size of the inner hole before boring.

[0018] The part is mounted on the machine tool worktable, and a boring tool is mounted on the machine tool spindle. The indicator light, power supply, machine tool spindle, and machine tool worktable are connected in series to form a circuit.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The application of this invention does not require the processing equipment to have automatic monitoring or other automation functions, and it can be applied to internal boring of equipment such as ordinary boring machines, vertical machining centers, and horizontal machining centers;

[0021] 2. Since the diameter of the boring tool exceeds the maximum diameter of the inner hole, it will cause the diameter to be out of tolerance. However, if the diameter of the boring tool is smaller than the diameter of the inner hole, it will not cause the diameter to be out of tolerance. Therefore, this invention only limits the detection to whether the diameter of the boring tool exceeds the maximum diameter of the inner hole. The boring tool diameter smaller than the diameter of the hole is not detected, so as not to interfere with the boring process.

[0022] 3. The boring tool diameter detection device in this invention is easy to install, and the installation position is at the edge of the inner hole to be processed, that is, it can follow the inner hole to be processed to any position on the equipment;

[0023] 4. This invention cleverly utilizes the equipment itself and the cutting tool to form a circuit loop, which is not limited by the diameter of the hole. It is simple to operate, highly versatile, and provides a conspicuous flashing light reminder before processing in case of abnormal boring tool diameter.

[0024] 5. This invention enables real-time detection of the boring bar diameter during the boring process, allowing the phenomenon of the boring bar diameter exceeding the maximum inner hole diameter to be detected before boring. Furthermore, it provides a prompt to the operator via a signal light, transforming the non-real-time measurability of the boring bar diameter into a monitorable and displayable quantitative control. This effectively avoids quality problems caused by the boring bar diameter exceeding the maximum inner hole diameter. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the boring tool diameter detection principle of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section I in the middle.

[0028] Figure 3 A simplified structural diagram of a fast positioning element.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the boring tool diameter detection device.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the boring tool diameter detection device.

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point K.

[0032] In the figure: 1-Machine tool worktable; 2-Clamp; 3-Part; 4-Bore tool; 5-Bore tool diameter detection device; 6-Bore tool tip; 7-Detection surface; 8-Indicator light; 9-Power supply; 11-Machine tool spindle; 12-Fine adjustment mechanism; 51-First body; 52-Detection head; 101-Second body; 102-First contact surface; 103-Second contact surface. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, one embodiment of the method for detecting excessive radial dimensions of a boring tool according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Manufacturing a boring tool diameter detection device 5: The boring tool diameter detection device 5 includes a first body 51, a detection head 52, an indicator light 8, a power supply 9, and a fine-tuning mechanism 12. The detection head 52 is telescopically installed inside the first body 51, and the fine-tuning mechanism is installed between the detection head 52 and the first body 51. The front end of the detection head 52 has the detection surface 7.

[0038] S2: Fabrication of rapid positioning element 10: The rapid positioning element 10 includes a second body 101, on which a first contact surface 102 is attached to the detection surface 7 and a second contact surface 103 is attached to the inner hole wall of the part. The length of the first contact surface 102 extending out of the second contact surface 103 is equal to half the difference between the final theoretical size of the inner hole diameter of the part and the size before the inner hole boring.

[0039] S3: Before boring, first install part 3 on the machine tool worktable 1, install boring tool 4 on machine tool spindle 11, and connect signal light 8, power supply 9, machine tool spindle 11 and machine tool worktable 1 in series to form a circuit;

[0040] S4: The second contact surface 103 of the quick positioning element 10 is fitted against the inner hole wall of the part. The boring tool diameter detection device 5 is installed on the edge of the hole on the end face of the inner hole of the part, and the detection surface 7 of the boring tool diameter detection device 5 is in contact with the first contact surface 102 of the quick positioning element 10. The quick positioning element 10 is rotated to determine that the contact point between the first contact surface 102 and the detection surface 7 is unique. Then, a lever dial indicator is used to measure the actual size of the distance between the center of the hole of the unmachined part and the detection surface. The detection data of the lever dial indicator is adjusted to be equal to half of the maximum diameter of the inner hole of the part. Then, the detection surface 7 of the boring tool diameter detection device 5 is adjusted to be in contact with the head of the lever dial indicator through the fine adjustment mechanism 12 of the boring tool diameter detection device 5.

[0041] S5: Remove the quick positioning element 10 and run the boring program: The machine tool spindle first rotates at a speed of 10-15 rad / min and an axial feed of 5-10 mm / min, then reverses and passes the detection surface 7 of the boring tool diameter detection device 5. During this process, the operator observes whether the indicator light 8 is lit or flashing. If the light is not lit, the machine tool spindle 11 resumes forward rotation and normal cutting speed and axial feed to start boring. After one machining operation is completed, the boring tool diameter is increased to bore the remaining material of the inner hole wall of the part. Each time the boring tool diameter is adjusted, the reverse detection process is repeated. When the indicator light 8 is lit, the machining must be stopped immediately and the boring tool diameter must be checked again.

[0042] The principle of the method for detecting the radial dimension exceeding the limit of a boring tool in this invention is as follows: When the diameter of the boring tool is adjusted to be larger than the maximum diameter of the inner hole of the part, when the boring tool tip 6 reverses and passes through the detection surface, the boring tool tip 6 comes into contact with the detection surface 7. At the moment of contact, i.e. Figure 4 When switch S is closed, indicator light 8 is lit. As the boring bar 4 rotates, indicator light 8 will flash. Flashing indicator light 8 indicates that the current diameter of the boring bar has exceeded the maximum diameter of the inner hole.

[0043] The machining plant can design and manufacture the boring bar diameter detection device 5 and the quick positioning element 10 of the diameter detection device according to its own product structure and characteristics. The boring bar diameter detection device 5 can be fixed on the part 3 by magnetic attraction or adhesive bonding, etc. The detection surface 7 needs to be chrome plated to ensure surface hardness and extend the durability of the detection surface 7. The detection surface 7 is connected to the first body 51 by a spring to avoid scratching when detecting the size of the boring bar tip.

[0044] Experiments have shown that, in the boring process of aerospace products, the method of this invention can prevent an average of more than 10 quality accidents per year caused by the boring tool diameter exceeding the maximum diameter of the part's inner hole.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting excessive radial dimensions of a boring tool, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Manufacturing a boring tool diameter detection device: The boring tool diameter detection device includes a first body, a detection head, an indicator light, a power supply and a fine-tuning mechanism. The detection head is telescopically mounted on the first body, and the fine-tuning mechanism is installed between the detection head and the first body. The front end of the detection head has a detection surface. S2: Fabrication of a rapid positioning element: The rapid positioning element includes a second body, on which a first contact surface is attached to the detection surface and a second contact surface is attached to the inner wall of the part. The length of the first contact surface extending beyond the second contact surface is equal to half the difference between the final theoretical size of the inner hole diameter of the part and the size before boring. S3: Before boring, first install the part on the machine tool worktable, install the boring tool on the machine tool spindle, and connect the indicator light, power supply, machine tool spindle and machine tool worktable in series to form a circuit; S4: Fit the second contact surface of the quick positioning element with the inner hole wall of the part. Install the boring tool diameter detection device at the edge of the hole on the end face of the inner hole of the part, so that the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device contacts the first contact surface of the quick positioning element, and rotate the quick positioning element to determine that the contact point between the first contact surface and the detection surface is unique. Then, precisely adjust the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device to the maximum diameter of the inner hole of the part: first, use a lever dial indicator to measure the actual distance between the center of the unmachined inner hole and the detection surface, then move the dial indicator head until the detection value of the lever dial indicator is equal to half of the maximum diameter of the inner hole of the part, and then adjust the detection surface to just contact the dial indicator head through the fine adjustment mechanism of the boring tool diameter detection device. S5: Remove the quick-positioning element and run the boring program: First, reverse the machine spindle. If the indicator light does not illuminate after the boring tool passes the detection surface of the boring tool diameter detection device, then restore the machine spindle to forward rotation and normal cutting speed to start boring. After one machining operation is completed, increase the boring tool diameter to bore the remaining material of the inner hole wall of the part. Each time the boring tool diameter is adjusted, repeat the reverse detection process. If the indicator light illuminates, stop machining immediately and recheck the boring tool diameter.

2. The method for detecting excessive radial dimensions of a boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, during the boring program, the parameters for reversing the machine tool spindle are a speed of 10-15 rad / min and an axial feed rate of 5-10 mm / min.

3. The method for detecting excessive radial dimensions of a boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boring bar diameter detection device is fixed to the part by magnetic attraction or adhesive bonding.

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