Underground excavation lining apparatus and method without ground destruction

Abstract

This invention provides an underground excavation and lining device and method that does not damage the ground surface, belonging to the field of underground construction, and is used for excavating tunnels and lining circular pipes underground. In conventional construction, an excavator digs a trench along a route, lining or laying circular pipes in the trench, and finally backfilling to restore the ground surface. Because this requires damaging the ground surface, it has many drawbacks and limitations. The device of this invention includes a jacking section, a pulling section, and an excavating section. The jacking section is located at the starting end, the pulling section at the target end, and the excavating section in the middle. A circular pipe unit is spliced ​​between the excavating section and the jacking section, and a double-layer drill rod is spliced ​​between the excavating section and the pulling section. As the excavating section advances towards the pulling section, the jacking section simultaneously pushes the circular pipe unit into the tunnel. When the excavation is completed, the lining work is also completed. This device, combined with this method, has a wide range of applications, does not damage the road surface or affect traffic, and has high construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground construction, and in particular relates to an underground excavation lining device and method that does not damage the ground surface. Background Technology

[0002] In municipal construction activities, it is often necessary to excavate and line underground passages. For example, in municipal construction, it is necessary to construct underground passages for sewage or water supply and drainage. In conventional construction methods, excavators or other trenching equipment are used to dig trenches along a planned route. Then, the trenches are lined or large-diameter manholes are laid. Finally, the lining structure or manholes are backfilled to restore the original surface condition.

[0003] The above-mentioned construction methods have many drawbacks and limitations due to the need to damage the ground. For example, when it is necessary to excavate underground in urban areas, especially when it is necessary to cross buildings or roads, there are problems such as the lack of conditions for surface trenching or the significant impact on the surrounding environment and traffic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an underground excavation and lining device and method that does not damage the ground, in order to solve the problem that in the prior art, it is necessary to damage the ground when excavating and lining underground passages, which has a significant impact on road traffic.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides an underground excavation lining device and method that does not damage the ground surface.

[0006] One type of underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground surface is used to excavate a tunnel and line a circular pipe unit between a starting end with a pre-drilled hole and a target end, comprising:

[0007] The pushing part, pulling part, and digging part are arranged in a straight line with their center lines coinciding with the axis of the initial hole;

[0008] The jacking part is located at the starting end. The jacking part includes a jacking frame and a jacking mechanism. An arc-shaped positioning piece is provided on the jacking frame. The arc center axis of the arc positioning piece coincides with the axis of the initial hole. The jacking mechanism is located at the tail end of the jacking frame.

[0009] The drawing section is located at the target end. The drawing section includes a drawing frame and a drawing mechanism. The drawing mechanism is slidably disposed on the drawing frame. The drawing mechanism is provided with a rotary structure and a rotary sealing structure. The rotary structure is hollow and its axis coincides with the initial hole. The hollow inner wall of the rotary structure is provided with a clamping block. The rotary sealing structure is disposed on the rear side of the rotary structure.

[0010] The excavation section is located in the initial hole between the starting end and the target end. The excavation section includes a tailstock facing the pushing section and a cutting head facing the pulling section. The cutting head is rotatably mounted on the tailstock. The pushing section and the tailstock are connected by the spliced ​​circular tube unit. The pulling section and the cutting head are connected by the spliced ​​double-layer drill rod. The other end of the double-layer drill rod passes through the rotary structure and is clamped by the clamping block. The end of the double-layer drill rod is rotatably connected to the rotary sealing structure.

[0011] The rotary sealing structure includes a water inlet and a mud outlet. The double-layer drill pipe includes an inner layer and an outer layer. The water inlet and the mud outlet are respectively connected to the inner layer and the outer layer. Water is ejected from the nozzle at the cutterhead and then flows back with mud.

[0012] Optionally, the jacking part further includes a connecting part, which is disposed at the end of the jacking frame facing the initial hole, and the connecting part includes:

[0013] A sliding seat that is slidably connected to the jacking frame;

[0014] A connecting disc that is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat and whose axis coincides with the axis of the initial hole;

[0015] A gear ring fixedly installed on the connecting plate;

[0016] A power source installed on the sliding seat and driving the connecting plate to rotate;

[0017] The connecting plate includes a shell, heating elements, an elastic bladder, and a telescopic component. Multiple heating elements are arranged in a ring in the middle layer of the shell, and the two sides of the heating elements slide in cooperation with the shell. A guide plate is provided between two connected heating elements. The telescopic component and the elastic bladder are connected between the back side of the heating elements and the inner wall of the shell.

[0018] The outer side of the housing is also provided with an annular groove, in which an annular receiving electrode is embedded; the sliding seat is provided with a supply electrode, which cooperates with the receiving electrode.

[0019] The elastic bladder is filled with liquid.

[0020] Optionally, the elastic bladder is made of rubber.

[0021] Optionally, it further includes a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprising:

[0022] Two guide rails fixed to the starting end wall and facing the arc-shaped positioning piece;

[0023] A material rack that slides in cooperation with the two guide rails, the material rack and the guide rails forming a "V" shape;

[0024] A rod connected to the upper part of the two guide rails;

[0025] And a flexible cable, the end of which is fixed to the material rack, then passes around the rod and is led to the bottom of the unloading mechanism, driven by a motor connected to a winding reel.

[0026] Optionally, the jacking mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder and a force-sharing plate, one side of which is connected to the circular tube unit, and the other side is driven by the telescopic cylinder.

[0027] Optionally, the three clamping blocks are circumferentially distributed on the hollow inner wall of the rotating structure, and the clamping blocks are electromagnets.

[0028] Optionally, the heating element has metal on both sides and a heating element in the middle layer.

[0029] Optionally, the upper and lower surfaces of the housing that contact the heating element and the elastic bladder are smooth metal surfaces.

[0030] Optionally, a support ring is provided between the two layers of the double-layer drill pipe, and the support ring is provided with a mud hole for mud to flow through.

[0031] One method for underground excavation lining that does not damage the ground surface, employing the aforementioned underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground surface, includes the following steps:

[0032] Geological exploration steps: Investigate the underground conditions located between the starting point and the target point;

[0033] Drilling the initial hole: The initial hole is drilled between the starting end and the target end using a small-diameter drilling rig. The double-layer drill rod is used during drilling. A new double-layer drill rod is spliced ​​at the end of the drill rod according to the drilling depth. Drilling is stopped when the drill bit breaks through the soil at the target end. The drill bit at the target end and the small-diameter drilling rig at the starting end are removed. The spliced ​​double-layer drill rod is left in the initial hole.

[0034] Excavation and lining steps:

[0035] The jacking part is installed into the starting end, the digging part is connected to the double-layer drill rod located at the starting end, the round tube unit is placed on the jacking frame, the jacking mechanism abuts the end face of the round tube unit, and the other end of the round tube unit abuts the tail plate;

[0036] The pulling part is inserted into the target end, the outlet end of the double-layer drill rod passes through the rotary structure and then the end is inserted into the rotary sealing structure, and the clamping block clamps the double-layer drill rod;

[0037] The water inlet of the rotary sealing structure is fed with tunneling fluid, which flows into the cutterhead through the inner layer of the double-layer drill rod, and then flows back to the mud outlet through the outer layer of the double-layer drill rod.

[0038] The rotary structure starts and rotates, the pulling mechanism starts and pulls the double-layer drill rod outward, the jacking mechanism pushes the tailstock at the other end, and the tunneling cutterhead tunnels in the soil.

[0039] Circular tube unit connection steps:

[0040] At the starting end, after the circular pipe unit is lined into the soil layer, the excavation work is suspended, and the new circular pipe unit is placed on the jacking frame, aligned with the end of the original circular pipe unit but with a gap.

[0041] The connecting part is adjusted to a certain position, the connecting plate is located in the middle area of ​​the two circular tube units, the telescopic member drives the heating element to slide in the housing, the inner diameter of the connecting plate becomes smaller, and the heating element contacts the end of the circular tube unit;

[0042] The pushing mechanism presses against the end face of the circular tube unit, and the two sides of the heating element contact the end faces of the two circular tube units respectively. The power source drives the connecting plate to rotate, and the two sides of the heating element grind the end faces of the circular tube units. After the grinding is completed, the connecting plate stops rotating.

[0043] The heating element is activated and heats and keeps the end face of the circular tube unit warm. After the warming is completed, the telescopic component drives the heating element to retract, and the pushing mechanism pushes the outer circular tube unit to move to another circular tube unit. The end faces of the two circular tube units directly contact and connect together.

[0044] Completion steps: Repeat the above steps until the excavation unit reaches the target end, remove the relevant equipment, and restore the road surface at the starting end and the target end.

[0045] As described above, the underground excavation and lining device and method of the present invention, which does not damage the ground, has at least the following beneficial effects: when it is necessary to excavate and line underground passages, there is no need to dig trenches from the ground surface to lay pipes or carry out lining. Instead, it is only necessary to construct the passage at both ends or to divide a longer passage into sections. Combined with the device and method of the present invention, the excavation and lining effect without damaging the ground surface can be achieved. It is particularly suitable for scenarios with limited ground conditions, such as passing through roads or buildings. It can complete underground excavation and lining work without damaging ground facilities or affecting road traffic. In simple terms, this device includes a jacking section, a pulling section, and a digging section arranged in a straight line with their center lines coinciding with the axis of the initial hole. The jacking section is located at the starting end, the pulling section at the target end, and the digging section between the two. Between the digging section and the jacking section are spliced ​​circular tube units, and between the digging section and the pulling section are spliced ​​double-layer drill rods. The pulling section provides the digging power for the digging section. As the digging section gradually advances towards the pulling section, the jacking section simultaneously pushes the circular tube units into the channel. When the digging is completed, the lining work is also completed accordingly. This device, combined with this method, has a wide range of construction applications, will not damage the road surface or affect traffic, and has high construction efficiency and good construction quality. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 The diagram shown is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the pushing part of this invention.

[0048] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the drawing part of this invention.

[0049] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the excavation section of this invention.

[0050] Figure 5 The image shown is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the excavation section of this invention.

[0051] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the drawing part of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a vertical cross-sectional view of the drawing part of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the connection portion of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 9 This invention is shown as Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0055] Figure 10 The diagram shown is an internal schematic of the connecting disk of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 11 This invention is shown as Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0057] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a schematic of the feeding mechanism of this invention.

[0058] The components include: initial hole 92, starting end 91, target end 93, circular tube unit 901, double-layer drill rod 902, support ring 9020, mud hole 90201, inner layer 9021, outer layer 9022, jacking part 1, jacking frame 10, arc-shaped positioning plate 101, jacking mechanism 11, telescopic cylinder 112, force distribution plate 113, connecting part 12, sliding seat 120, connecting plate 121, shell 1210, guide plate 12101, and annular groove. 12102, heating element 1211, elastic bladder 1212, telescopic component 1213, gear ring 122, power source 123, drawing section 2, drawing frame 20, drawing mechanism 21, rotary structure 210, clamping block 2101, rotary sealing structure 211, water inlet 2111, mud outlet 2112, excavation section 3, tail plate 30, tunneling cutterhead 31, unloading mechanism 4, guide rail 41, material rack 42, rod 43, flexible cable 44. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0060] Please see Figures 1 to 12 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0061] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0062] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 1-7This invention provides an embodiment of an underground excavation and lining device that does not damage the ground surface, used for excavating a tunnel and lining a circular pipe unit 901 between a starting end 91 and a target end 93 with an initial hole 92 drilled. It includes: a jacking section 1, a pulling section 2, and an excavating section 3 arranged in a straight line with their center lines coinciding with the axis of the initial hole 92; the jacking section 1 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 The jacking part 1 is located at the starting end 91. The jacking part 1 includes a jacking frame 10 and a jacking mechanism 11. An arc-shaped positioning piece 101 is provided on the jacking frame 10. The arc axis of the arc positioning piece 101 coincides with the axis of the initial hole 92. The jacking mechanism 11 is located at the tail end of the jacking frame 10. The pulling part 2 can be referred to. Figure 3 The drawing section 2 is located at the target end 93. The drawing section 2 includes a drawing frame 20 and a drawing mechanism 21. The drawing mechanism 21 is slidably disposed on the drawing frame 20. The drawing mechanism 21 is provided with a rotary structure 210 and a rotary sealing structure 211. The rotary structure 210 is hollow and its axis coincides with the initial hole 92. The hollow inner wall of the rotary structure 210 is provided with a clamping block 2101. The clamping block 2101 can be referred to in [reference needed]. Figure 6 The rotary sealing structure 211 is located on the rear side of the rotary structure 210 and can be combined with... Figure 6 and Figure 7 Please refer to the following: Excavation Department 3. Figure 4 The excavation section 3 is located in the initial hole 92 between the starting end 91 and the target end 93. The excavation section 3 includes a tailstock 30 facing the jacking section 1 and a cutting head 31 facing the pulling section 2. The cutting head 31 is rotatably mounted on the tailstock 30. The jacking section 1 and the tailstock 30 are connected by a spliced ​​circular tube unit 901. The pulling section 2 and the cutting head 31 are connected by a spliced ​​double-layer drill rod 902. The other end of the double-layer drill rod 902 passes through the rotary structure 210 and is held by the clamping block 21. 01. The end of the double-layer drill rod 902 is rotatably connected to the rotary sealing structure 211. The rotary sealing structure 211 includes a water inlet 2111 and a mud outlet 2112. The double-layer drill rod 902 includes an inner layer 9021 and an outer layer 9022. The water inlet 2111 and the mud outlet 2112 are respectively connected to the inner layer 9021 and the outer layer 9022. The water is ejected from the nozzle 9023 at the cutterhead 31, and then flows back with mud and flows out from the mud outlet 2112.

[0063] The apparatus described above can be used to excavate and line a channel under a road without damaging the road surface. For example, when a municipal water supply and drainage channel needs to cross a highway, this apparatus can be used to directly excavate and line the channel underground, avoiding damage to the road surface and affecting the passage of vehicles and pedestrians, while also eliminating the need for excavation and backfilling, thus improving construction efficiency. The main construction steps are as follows: (1) Two local construction pits are dug on both sides of the highway as the starting end 91 and the target end 93; (2) The initial hole is drilled between the starting end 91 and the target end 93. The drill rod is a double-layer drill rod 902. The length of the double-layer drill rod 902 is much smaller than the width of the road, so the splicing mode can be used. After the first section of the drill rod enters the soil layer, a new drill rod is spliced ​​at the end of the drill rod to continue drilling. In order to simplify the construction, the double-layer drill rod 902 can be threaded together, but the direction of tightening should be consistent with the direction of drilling of the drill rod, so as to avoid the connection from loosening due to the rotation of the drill rod; (3) After the double-layer drill rod 902 passes through the starting end 91 and the target end 93, the drill and drill bit at both ends of the drill rod are removed, the jacking part 1 is installed into the starting end 91, the excavation part 3 is connected to the end of the drill rod, the excavation cutter head 31 faces the soil layer, and the tail plate 30 faces the jacking part 1. Then, the pull-out part 2 is inserted into the head end of the drill rod, and the pull-out part 2 clamps the double-layer drill rod 902. The end of the double-layer drill rod 902 is inserted into the rotary sealing structure 211. When the rotary structure 210 rotates with the double-layer drill rod 902, the double-layer drill rod 902 and the rotary sealing structure 211 rotate and cooperate with each other, and seal each other; (4) the tunneling fluid is introduced from the water inlet 2111 into the inner layer 9021 of the double-layer drill rod 902. The tunneling fluid can be water or cement slurry. When cement slurry is used, the cement slurry contacts the soil layer at the tunneling cutterhead 31 and penetrates into the soil layer, which can be used to treat the soil layer. The excavated channel is reinforced by grouting. After the grout solidifies, it can reduce the stress on the lining structure. The excavation fluid also has the functions of cooling the cutting tools, removing the mud and sand cut out, and reducing the difficulty of cutting. (5) During the process of the pulling part 2 driving the excavation part 3 to rotate and move towards the target end 93, the jacking part 1 lifts the circular tube unit 901 at the other end. During the movement of the excavation part 3, more circular tube units 901 are continuously spliced ​​at the tail end, thus forming continuous excavation and lining work. When the excavation part 3 reaches the other end, the double-layer drill rod 902 is completely recovered, and the circular tube unit 901 is used to line the entire channel. In summary, this device has the advantages of high efficiency, no need to break the soil, and no impact on road traffic.

[0064] The above embodiment is more suitable for situations where the circular pipe unit 901 is a cement pipe or where construction requirements are not high. The following embodiment is suitable for scenarios where sealing of the lining is required, or where the circular pipe unit 901 is a plastic pipe. Compared to the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the jacking part 1 further includes a connecting part 12. Please refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 8-11The connecting part 12 is located at the end of the pusher frame 10 facing the initial hole 92. The connecting part 12 includes: a sliding seat 120 slidably connected to the pusher frame 10; a connecting plate 121 rotatably mounted on the sliding seat 120 with its axis coinciding with the axis of the initial hole 92; a gear ring 122 fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 121; and a power source 123 mounted on the sliding seat 120 and driving the connecting plate 121 to rotate. The connecting plate 121 includes a housing 1210, heating elements 1211, an elastic bladder 1212, and a telescopic member 1213. Multiple heating elements 1211 are arranged in a ring in the middle layer of the housing 1210. The two sides of the 1211 are slidably fitted with the housing 1210. A guide plate 12101 is provided between the two connected heating elements 1211. The telescopic member 1213 and the elastic bladder 1212 are connected between the back side of the heating element 1211 and the inner wall of the housing 1210. The outer side of the housing 1210 is also provided with an annular groove 12102. An annular receiving electrode is embedded in the annular groove 12102. A supply electrode is provided on the sliding seat 120. The supply electrode and the receiving electrode cooperate to transfer electrical energy to each other. This electrical energy is used to drive the extension and retraction of the telescopic member 1213 and to heat the heating elements. It should be noted that due to the power supply... The contact between the electrode and the receiving electrode is sliding. To ensure safety and reliability, the voltage should not be too high; it can be set to 12 volts or 24 volts. It is best to disconnect the power output during the rotation of the connecting plate 121. The heating state of the heating element and the movement state of the telescopic component 1213 should preferably not occur simultaneously with the rotation of the connecting plate 121. The elastic bladder 1212 is filled with liquid and is located between the heating element 1211 and the housing 1210. The elastic bladder 1212 has a certain contraction capacity and can automatically fill the heating element 1211 and the housing 1210 as the heating element 1211 moves. The area between them provides support for the heating element 1211, making its movement relatively smooth. Especially when the heating element 1211 retracts, the fan-shaped area of ​​the housing 1210 becomes larger, and a larger gap is generated between the two connected heating elements 1211. The interval between the heating element 1211 and the housing 1210 will decrease. The elastic bladder 1212 will deform and fill the side area between the two connected heating elements 1211 when squeezed by the heating element 1211. When the connecting plate 121 rotates, vibration may occur, affecting the reliability of the overall structure. The elastic bladder 1212 has the function of buffering and absorbing energy.

[0065] In the above embodiment, the connecting part 12 is used to connect the circular tube units 901, so that the various circular tube units 901 are connected into a sealed whole, rather than just being in contact with each other segment by segment. When the circular tube unit 901 is a plastic tube, its ends may not be flat, and if directly aligned, gaps may appear at the connection surfaces of the ends. In this embodiment, the heating element 1211 is located in the middle of the housing 1210 and is in sliding contact with each other. The telescopic member 1213 is disposed between the heating element 1211 and the housing 1210. Through the telescopic movement of the telescopic member 1213, the heating element 1211 can be pushed towards or away from the center of the entire connecting plate 121. When the telescopic member 1213 retracts, the corresponding part of the heating element 1211 is retracted into the housing 1210. At this time, the inner diameter of the connecting plate 121 is larger than the outer diameter of the circular tube unit 901, and the connecting plate 121 can move along the axis of the circular tube unit 901. The connecting plate 121 moves to the middle of the two circular tube units 901, and then the telescopic member 1213 extends, pushing the heating element 1211 towards the outside of the housing. At this time, the heating element 1211 extends beyond the end of the circular tube unit 901. Next, the position of the circular tube unit 901 on the pusher frame 10 is adjusted so that both sides of the heating element 1211 contact the two circular tube units 901 respectively. This allows the pusher mechanism 11 to appropriately lift the circular tube unit 901, creating appropriate pressure between the circular tube unit 901 and the heating element 1211. Next, the power source 123 is turned on, driving the connecting plate 121 to rotate. The side of the heating element 1211 grinds the end face of the circular tube unit 901, ensuring that the opposing end faces of the two circular tube units 901 are flat. Finally, stop the connecting plate 121 from rotating and start the heating state of the heating element. During heating, the pushing mechanism 11 can continue to press the round tube unit 901 tightly so that the round tube unit 901 and the heating element 1211 are in close contact, thereby improving the heating effect. When the end of the round tube unit 901 begins to soften and form a rolled edge, the pushing mechanism 11 is loosened appropriately. Then, the telescopic member 1213 retracts and the heating element 1211 is separated from the end of the round tube unit 901. Then, the pushing mechanism 11 presses against the round tube unit 901 so that the end faces of the two round tube units 901 are in direct contact and fuse together to form a reliable heat fusion connection. After waiting a few minutes for the connection of the round tube units 901 to cool and harden, continue drilling in the manner described in the previous embodiment.

[0066] In the above embodiments, not only can the plastic circular tube units 901 be lined into the excavated channel, but also the segments of circular tube units 901 can form a sealed connection, improving the quality of the constructed channel. In the above embodiments, the elastic bladder 1212 is made of rubber, but it should not be made too thick to ensure good deformation capacity under pressure. Rubber has poor thermal conductivity, which not only allows the elastic bladder 1212 to automatically expand and fill the space between the heating element 1211 and the shell 1210, but also has a heat insulation effect, improving the temperature rise rate and heating speed of the heating element 1211, and saving energy.

[0067] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 12 The system also includes a feeding mechanism 4, which comprises: two guide rails 41 fixed to the wall of the starting end 91 and facing the arc-shaped positioning piece 101; a material rack 42 that slides with the two guide rails 41, the material rack 42 and the guide rails 41 forming a "V" shape, in which the round tube unit 901 can be placed; a rod 43 connected to the upper part of the two guide rails 41; and a flexible cable 44, the end of which is fixed to the material rack 42, then passes around the rod 43 and is led to the bottom of the feeding mechanism 4. Driven by a motor connected to a winding disc, the motor winds the flexible cable 44, allowing the material rack 42 to rise. Conversely, when the motor slowly reverses, it allows the material rack 42 to slowly move downwards. In the above embodiment, the feeding mechanism 4 can conveniently place the round tube unit 901 from outside the working pit into the pushing and connecting station, reducing labor intensity and improving work efficiency.

[0068] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 2 The jacking mechanism 11 includes a telescopic cylinder 112 and a force-distributing plate 113. One side of the force-distributing plate 113 is connected to the circular tube unit 901, and the other side is driven by the telescopic cylinder 112. The length of the telescopic cylinder 112 can be designed according to the required stroke length of the jacking operation. The function of the force-distributing plate 113 is to make the jacking force act evenly on the end of the circular tube unit 901, thereby improving the balance of force.

[0069] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 6 Three clamping blocks 2101 are equidistantly distributed on the hollow inner wall of the rotating structure 210. Each clamping block 2101 is an electromagnet. Before energization, the drill rod can pass through the center of the rotating structure 210, and the three clamping blocks 2101 can slide against the drill rod. After energization, the clamping blocks 2101 generate attraction, and the rotating structure 210 is tightly fixed to the drill rod. When the rotating structure 210 rotates, it drives the drill rod to rotate. In this embodiment, the electromagnet method is simple in structure and relatively convenient to operate. Of course, a conventional three-jaw chuck can also be used, but the clamping and unclamping process is more complicated. In addition, the rotation of the rotating structure 210 can be driven by a motor, for example, using a drive method similar to that of the connecting plate 121, with the motor and gear pair mounted on the sliding seat 120.

[0070] In this embodiment, the heating element 1211 has metal on both sides and a heating element in the middle. The metal contacts the end of the circular tube unit 901. During rotation, the end of the circular tube unit 901 can be polished to ensure that there are no gaps when the two circular tube units 901 are joined. The heating element is located in the middle and transfers heat to the metal on both sides, which can ensure heat transfer efficiency and temperature uniformity on both sides, thereby improving the reliability of the connection of the circular tube unit 901.

[0071] This embodiment can be referred to. Figure 10 and 11 The upper and lower surfaces of the housing 1210 that contact the heating element 1211 and the elastic bladder 1212 are smooth metal surfaces. The purpose of this arrangement is to reduce the friction between the heating element 1211 and the housing when it extends or retracts, thereby improving stability.

[0072] This embodiment can be referred to. Figure 5-7 A support ring 9020 is provided between the two layers of the double-layer drill pipe 902, and the support ring 9020 is provided with mud holes 90201 for mud to flow through. The function of the support ring 9020 is to connect the inner and outer layers of the drill pipe into a whole, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the drill pipe.

[0073] This embodiment can be referred to. Figure 1 This embodiment is an example of an underground excavation lining method that does not damage the ground surface. Using the aforementioned underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground surface, the method includes the following steps:

[0074] Geological exploration steps: Explore the underground conditions between the starting end 91 and the target end 93, identify existing pipelines and geological soil layers, avoid damage to existing pipelines, and this method is not suitable if there are large hard rocks.

[0075] Drilling the initial hole: A small-diameter drilling rig is used to drill the initial hole 92 between the starting end 91 and the target end 93. A double-layer drill rod 902 is used during drilling. According to the drilling depth, a new double-layer drill rod 902 is spliced ​​at the end of the drill rod. Drilling is stopped when the drill bit breaks through the soil at the target end 93. The drill bit at the target end 93 and the small-diameter drilling rig at the starting end 91 are removed. The spliced ​​double-layer drill rod 902 is left in the initial hole 92.

[0076] Excavation and lining steps: The jacking part 1 is installed into the starting end 91, the excavation part 3 is connected to the double-layer drill rod 902 located at the starting end 91, the round tube unit 901 is placed on the jacking frame 10, the jacking mechanism 11 abuts against the end face of the round tube unit 901, and the other end of the round tube unit 901 abuts against the tail plate 30; the pulling part 2 is installed into the target end 93, the outlet end of the double-layer drill rod 902 passes through the rotary structure 210 and then the end is inserted into the rotary sealing structure 211, and the clamping block 2101 clamps the double-layer drill rod 902. The inlet 2111 of the rotary sealing structure 211 introduces tunneling fluid, which flows into the cutterhead 31 through the inner layer 9021 of the double-layer drill rod 902, and then flows back to the mud outlet 2112 through the outer layer 9022 of the double-layer drill rod 902. The rotary structure 210 starts and rotates, the pulling mechanism 21 starts and pulls the double-layer drill rod 902 outward, and the jacking mechanism 11 pushes the tailstock 30 at the other end, and the cutterhead 31 tunnels in the soil.

[0077] The circular tube unit connection steps are as follows: At the target end, after a section of double-layer drill rod 902 is exposed, the drill rod is removed and the end of the drill rod assembly is reconnected to the pull-out section; at the starting end 91, after the circular tube unit 901 is lined into the soil, the excavation work is paused, and the new circular tube unit 901 is placed on the jacking frame 10, aligned with the end of the original circular tube unit 901 but with a gap; the connecting part 12 is adjusted to a position, with the connecting plate 121 located in the middle area of ​​the two circular tube units 901, and the telescopic component 1213 drives... The heating element 1211 slides in the housing 1210, the inner diameter of the connecting plate 121 decreases, and the heating element 1211 contacts the end of the circular tube unit 901; the pushing mechanism 11 presses against the end face of the circular tube unit 901, and the two sides of the heating element 1211 contact the end faces of the two circular tube units 901 respectively; the power source 123 drives the connecting plate 121 to rotate, and the two sides of the heating element 1211 polish the end faces of the circular tube units 901; after polishing, the connecting plate 121 stops rotating.

[0078] The heating element 1211 is activated and heats and keeps the end face of the circular tube unit 901 warm. After the warming is completed, the telescopic component 1213 drives the heating element 1211 to retract, and the pushing mechanism 11 pushes the outer circular tube unit 901 to move to another circular tube unit 901. The end faces of the two circular tube units 901 directly contact and connect together.

[0079] Completion steps: Repeat the above steps until the excavation unit 3 reaches the target end 93, remove the relevant equipment, and restore the road surface at the starting end 91 and the target end 93.

[0080] In summary, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art. When excavating and lining underground tunnels, there is no need to damage the road surface, and there is no need to excavate, line, and fill the tunnels as in traditional construction. This device, combined with this method, has high construction efficiency and will not affect the normal traffic of surrounding roads.

[0081] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground surface, used for excavating a tunnel and lining a circular pipe unit (901) between a starting end (91) and a target end (93) with a drilled initial hole (92), characterized in that, include: The push part (1), pull part (2) and digging part (3) are arranged in a straight line and their center lines coincide with the axis of the initial hole (92); The jacking part (1) is located at the starting end (91). The jacking part (1) includes a jacking frame (10) and a jacking mechanism (11). An arc-shaped positioning piece (101) is provided on the jacking frame (10). The arc axis of the arc-shaped positioning piece (101) coincides with the axis of the initial hole (92). The jacking mechanism (11) is located at the tail end of the jacking frame (10). The drawing part (2) is located at the target end (93). The drawing part (2) includes a drawing frame (20) and a drawing mechanism (21). The drawing mechanism (21) is slidably disposed on the drawing frame (20). The drawing mechanism (21) is provided with a rotary structure (210) and a rotary sealing structure (211). The rotary structure (210) is hollow and its axis coincides with the initial hole (92). The hollow inner wall of the rotary structure (210) is provided with a clamping block (2101). The rotary sealing structure (211) is disposed on the rear side of the rotary structure (210). The excavation section (3) is located in the initial hole (92) between the starting end (91) and the target end (93). The excavation section (3) includes a tail plate (30) facing the pushing section (1) and a tunneling cutterhead (31) facing the pulling section (2). The tunneling cutterhead (31) is rotatably mounted on the tail plate (30). The pushing section (1) and the tail plate (30) are connected by the spliced ​​circular tube unit (901). The pulling section (2) and the tunneling cutterhead (31) are connected by the spliced ​​double-layer drill rod (902). The other end of the double-layer drill rod (902) passes through the rotary structure (210) and is clamped by the clamping block (2101). The end of the double-layer drill rod (902) is rotatably connected to the rotary sealing structure (211). The rotary sealing structure (211) includes a water inlet (2111) and a mud outlet (2112). The double-layer drill pipe (902) includes an inner layer (9021) and an outer layer (9022). The water inlet (2111) and the mud outlet (2112) are respectively connected to the inner layer (9021) and the outer layer (9022). Water is ejected from the nozzle (9023) at the cutterhead (31) and then flows back with mud.

2. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The jacking part (1) further includes a connecting part (12), which is disposed at the end of the jacking frame (10) facing the initial hole (92). The connecting part (12) includes: A sliding seat (120) is slidably connected to the pusher frame (10); A connecting disc (121) is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat (120) and whose axis coincides with the axis of the initial hole (92); A gear ring (122) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (121); A power source (123) installed on the sliding seat (120) and driving the connecting plate (121) to rotate; The connecting plate (121) includes a housing (1210), heating elements (1211), an elastic bladder (1212), and a telescopic component (1213). A plurality of heating elements (1211) are arranged in a ring in the middle layer of the housing (1210), and the two sides of the heating elements (1211) are slidably engaged with the housing (1210). A guide plate (12101) is provided between two connected heating elements (1211). The telescopic component (1213) and the elastic bladder (1212) are connected between the back side of the heating elements (1211) and the inner wall of the housing (1210). The outer side of the housing (1210) is also provided with an annular groove (12102), in which an annular receiving electrode is embedded, and a supply electrode is provided on the sliding seat (120), which cooperates with the receiving electrode. The elastic bladder (1212) is filled with liquid.

3. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic bladder (1212) is made of rubber.

4. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a feeding mechanism (4), which includes: Two guide rails (41) are fixed to the wall of the starting end (91) and face the arc-shaped positioning piece (101); A material rack (42) that slides in cooperation with the two guide rails (41) forms a "V" shape with the guide rails (41); A rod (43) connected to the upper part of the two guide rails (41); And a flexible cable (44), the end of which is fixed to the material rack (42), and then passes around the rod (43) to the bottom of the unloading mechanism (4), which is driven by a motor connected to a winding reel.

5. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The jacking mechanism (11) includes a telescopic cylinder (112) and a force-sharing plate (113). One side of the force-sharing plate (113) is connected to the circular tube unit (901), and the other side is driven by the telescopic cylinder (112).

6. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The three clamping blocks (2101) are circumferentially distributed on the hollow inner wall of the rotating structure (210), and the clamping blocks (2101) are electromagnets.

7. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The heating element (1211) has metal on both sides and a heating element in the middle.

8. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground surface as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the housing (1210) that are in contact with the heating element (1211) and the elastic bladder (1212) are smooth metal surfaces.

9. The underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A support ring (9020) is provided between the two layers of the double-layer drill pipe (902), and a mud hole (90201) is provided on the support ring (9020) for mud to flow through.

10. A method for underground excavation lining that does not damage the ground surface, characterized in that, The method of using an underground excavation lining device that does not damage the ground as described in claim 2 includes the following steps: Geological exploration steps: Investigate the underground conditions located between the starting end (91) and the target end (93); Drilling initial hole steps: The initial hole (92) is drilled between the starting end (91) and the target end (93) using a small-diameter drilling rig. The double-layer drill rod (902) is used during drilling. A new double-layer drill rod (902) is spliced ​​at the end of the drill rod according to the drilling depth. Drilling is stopped when the drill bit breaks through the soil at the target end (93). The drill bit at the target end (93) and the small-diameter drilling rig at the starting end (91) are removed. The spliced ​​double-layer drill rod (902) is left in the initial hole (92). Excavation and lining steps: The jacking part (1) is installed into the starting end (91), the digging part (3) is connected to the double-layer drill rod (902) located at the starting end (91), the round tube unit (901) is placed on the jacking frame (10), the jacking mechanism (11) abuts against the end face of the round tube unit (901), and the other end of the round tube unit (901) abuts against the tail plate (30); The pulling part (2) is inserted into the target end (93), the outlet end of the double-layer drill rod (902) passes through the rotary structure (210) and then the end is inserted into the rotary sealing structure (211), and the clamping block (2101) clamps the double-layer drill rod (902). The inlet (2111) of the rotary sealing structure (211) is used to introduce tunneling fluid. The tunneling fluid flows into the tunneling cutterhead (31) through the inner layer (9021) of the double-layer drill rod (902), and then flows back to the mud outlet (2112) through the outer layer (9022) of the double-layer drill rod (902). The rotary structure (210) starts and rotates, the pulling mechanism (21) starts and pulls the double-layer drill rod (902) outward, the jacking mechanism (11) pushes the tailstock (30) at the other end, and the tunneling cutterhead (31) tunnels in the soil layer; Circular tube unit connection steps: At the starting end (91), after the circular tube unit (901) is lined into the soil, the excavation work is suspended, and the new circular tube unit (901) is placed on the jacking frame (10), aligned with the end of the original circular tube unit (901) but with a gap. The connecting part (12) is adjusted to a different position. The connecting plate (121) is located in the middle area between the two circular tube units (901). The telescopic member (1213) drives the heating element (1211) to slide in the housing (1210). The inner diameter of the connecting plate (121) becomes smaller, and the heating element (1211) contacts the end of the circular tube unit (901). The pushing mechanism (11) presses against the end face of the circular tube unit (901), and the two sides of the heating element (1211) contact the end faces of the two circular tube units (901) respectively. The power source (123) drives the connecting plate (121) to rotate. The two sides of the heating element (1211) grind the end face of the circular tube unit (901). After the grinding is completed, the connecting plate (121) stops rotating. The heating element (1211) is activated and heats and keeps the end face of the circular tube unit (901) warm. After the heat preservation is completed, the telescopic member (1213) drives the heating element (1211) to retract, and the pushing mechanism (11) pushes the outer circular tube unit (901) to move to the other circular tube unit (901). The end faces of the two circular tube units (901) directly contact and connect together. Completion steps: Repeat the above steps until the excavation unit (3) reaches the target end (93), remove the relevant equipment, and restore the road surface of the starting end (91) and the target end (93).

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