A centralized treatment method of kitchen waste capable of harmless treatment and energy recovery

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of kitchen waste centralized processing method of harmless processing and energy recovery.The kitchen waste centralized processing method of harmless processing and energy recovery includes: S1.during the night, by kitchen waste collection and transportation vehicle to collect and transport kitchen waste, and transport to designated waste treatment center, then carry out unloading work, and carry out metering work, and after unloading is completed, need to carry out deodorization work;S2.after the above S1 is completed, by pre-treatment mechanical sorting equipment to carry out sorting work to kitchen waste, and the article that cannot be biodegraded is rejected, such as plastic, glass, stone, bone, various metals, and wood etc.The kitchen waste centralized processing method of harmless processing and energy recovery provided by the present application is simple to operate, can reduce the step of hydrolysis reaction in the process of producing gas fermentation, so as to improve the advantages of gas production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of centralized treatment methods for kitchen waste, and particularly relates to a centralized treatment method for kitchen waste that can harmlessly treat and recover energy. Background Technology

[0002] Because the impurities and toxins produced by fermentation in food waste accumulate in pigs' bodies, it can adversely affect the health of consumers and may also cause the spread of zoonotic diseases. Unscrupulous individuals use food waste to extract cooking oil, which then circulates in the oil market and enters the food chain of urban residents. There have been numerous reports in China of residents being poisoned after consuming food processed with cooking waste oil. When food waste is discharged into urban drainage systems, it easily causes blockages. Furthermore, in the sewers, it can decompose under the action of microorganisms, breeding mosquitoes and flies, spreading diseases, and producing large amounts of toxic and harmful gases. Methane and other gases produced can accumulate and explode under certain conditions. Landfilling food waste not only occupies a large amount of land but also wastes resources such as biogas. A method for centralized treatment of food waste has been disclosed in related technologies, which includes: (A) sorting of food waste, (B) oil-water separation, (C) oil treatment, (D) wastewater treatment, and (E) odor treatment. Compared with existing landfilling methods, this method not only saves a large amount of land but also generates usable biogas resources. This method achieves 100% harmlessness, over 95% resource recovery, and over 95% volume reduction of food waste, truly realizing the harmless treatment of waste and the recycling of energy.

[0003] However, the above structure still has shortcomings. It is inadequate in the process of producing methane, and its gas production efficiency is low.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new method for centralized treatment of food waste that can harmlessly process and recover energy to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a centralized treatment method for kitchen waste that is simple to operate, reduces the hydrolysis reaction steps in the methanogenic fermentation process, thereby improving gas production efficiency, and can harmlessly treat and recover energy.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a centralized treatment method for kitchen waste that enables harmless treatment and energy recovery, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. During the night, food waste is collected and transported by food waste collection trucks to designated waste treatment centers, where it is unloaded and weighed. After unloading, deodorization is required.

[0008] S2. After S1 is completed, the kitchen waste is sorted by pre-processing mechanical sorting equipment to remove non-biodegradable items such as plastics, glass, stones, bones, various metals, and wood, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the kitchen waste resource utilization process.

[0009] S3. The items rejected in S2 are subjected to pyrolysis, while the qualified remaining kitchen waste is subjected to solid-liquid separation to better recover energy.

[0010] S4. The liquid obtained in S3 above is subjected to oil-water separation treatment to obtain two liquids: wastewater and oil-water. The oil-water mixture is then subjected to esterification, dehydration, transesterification, and distillation to produce biodiesel. The wastewater is then subjected to anaerobic fermentation, also known as anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic fermentation refers to the biochemical process in which organic matter in waste is degraded and converted into biogas (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and stable substances under the action of anaerobic microorganisms. The biogas is a mixed gas, with a biogas content of 50-70% and a carbon dioxide content of 30-40%. The anaerobic fermentation mainly consists of two processes: anaerobic decomposition and biochemical reaction. The organic matter molecules contain sulfur (S) and carbon dioxide (C). a H b O e N a S e Therefore, anaerobic fermentation can be represented as:

[0011]

[0012] The anaerobic decomposition process includes two stages: an acidification stage and a methanogenesis stage.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the acidification stage is the degradation and acidification of organic matter, during which H2 and CO2 are generated.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, in the methanogenic stage, the acidified substances produced in the acidification stage are decomposed into methane by methanogenic bacteria.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention, the acidification stage first employs an acidifier for acidification treatment, and then proceeds to a methanogenic fermenter for further processing. This process avoids hydrolysis reactions, thereby improving gas production efficiency.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention, S5. The waste separated in S3 is subjected to solid-state fermentation treatment, and microbial agents are added for further treatment. Then, the waste is dried, cooled, screened, and metered and packaged to produce biological feed or biological fertilizer.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the centralized treatment method for kitchen waste that can harmlessly treat and recover energy provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This invention has the advantages of simple operation, reducing the hydrolysis reaction steps in the methanogenic fermentation process, thereby improving gas production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention. The centralized treatment method for kitchen waste capable of harmless treatment and energy recovery includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. During the night, food waste is collected and transported by food waste collection trucks to designated waste treatment centers, where it is unloaded and weighed. After unloading, deodorization is required.

[0023] S2. After S1 is completed, the kitchen waste is sorted by pre-processing mechanical sorting equipment to remove non-biodegradable items such as plastics, glass, stones, bones, various metals, and wood, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the kitchen waste resource utilization process.

[0024] S3. The items rejected in S2 are subjected to pyrolysis, while the qualified remaining kitchen waste is subjected to solid-liquid separation to better recover energy.

[0025] S4. The liquid obtained in S3 above is subjected to oil-water separation treatment to obtain two liquids: wastewater and oil-water. The oil-water mixture is then subjected to esterification, dehydration, transesterification, and distillation to produce biodiesel. The wastewater is then subjected to anaerobic fermentation, also known as anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic fermentation refers to the biochemical process in which organic matter in waste is degraded and converted into biogas (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and stable substances under the action of anaerobic microorganisms. The biogas is a mixed gas, with a biogas content of 50-70% and a carbon dioxide content of 30-40%. The anaerobic fermentation mainly consists of two processes: anaerobic decomposition and biochemical reaction. The organic matter molecules contain sulfur (S) and carbon dioxide (C). a H b O e N a S e Therefore, anaerobic fermentation can be represented as:

[0026]

[0027] The anaerobic decomposition process includes two stages: an acidification stage and a methanogenesis stage.

[0028] The acidification stage is the degradation and acidification of organic matter, during which H2 and CO2 are generated.

[0029] In the methanogenesis stage, the acidified substances produced in the acidification stage are decomposed into methane by methanogenic bacteria.

[0030] The acidification stage first uses an acidifier for acidification, and then the gas is processed in a methanogenic fermenter. This process avoids hydrolysis, thereby improving gas production efficiency.

[0031] During the decomposition process to produce methane, H2 also mixes with CO2 to produce methane.

[0032] S5. The waste separated in S3 above is subjected to solid-state fermentation and microbial agents are added for further treatment. Then, it is dried, cooled, screened, and metered and packaged to produce biological feed or biological fertilizer.

Claims

1. A method for centralized treatment of kitchen waste that enables harmless disposal and energy recovery, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. During the night, food waste is collected and transported by food waste collection trucks to designated waste treatment centers, where it is unloaded and weighed. After unloading, deodorization is required. S2. After S1 is completed, the kitchen waste is sorted by pre-processing mechanical sorting equipment to remove non-biodegradable items, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the kitchen waste resource utilization process. S3. The items rejected in S2 are subjected to pyrolysis, while the qualified remaining kitchen waste is subjected to solid-liquid separation to better recover energy. S4. The liquid obtained in S3 above is subjected to oil-water separation treatment to obtain two liquids: wastewater and oil-water. The oil-water mixture is then subjected to esterification, dehydration, transesterification, and distillation to produce biodiesel. The wastewater is then subjected to anaerobic fermentation, also known as anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic fermentation refers to the biochemical process in which organic matter in waste is degraded and converted into biogas (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and stable substances under the action of anaerobic microorganisms. The biogas is a mixed gas, with a biogas content of 50-70% and a carbon dioxide content of 30-40%. The anaerobic fermentation includes two processes: anaerobic decomposition and biochemical reaction. The organic matter molecules contain sulfur (S) and carbon dioxide (C). a H b O e N a S e Therefore, anaerobic fermentation can be represented as: The anaerobic decomposition process includes two stages: an acidification stage and a methanogenesis stage. The acidification stage is the degradation and acidification of organic matter, during which H2 and CO2 are generated. The acidification stage first uses an acidifier for acidification, and then the gas is processed in a methanogenic fermenter. This process avoids hydrolysis, thereby improving gas production efficiency.

2. The centralized treatment method for kitchen waste capable of harmless treatment and energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the methanogenesis stage, the acidified substances produced in the acidification stage are decomposed into methane by methanogenic bacteria.

3. The centralized treatment method for kitchen waste capable of harmless treatment and energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: S5. The waste separated in S3 above is subjected to solid-state fermentation and microbial agents are added for further treatment. Then, it is dried, cooled, screened, and metered and packaged to produce biological feed or biological fertilizer.

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