Wide flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management

Abstract

The present application aims at providing a wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with heat management, belonging to the technical field of internal combustion engines, comprising an ammonia injector body, a two-stage pressurization module, a sleeve type heat management pressure accumulation module, an ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline cooperative control module, an ultra-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limiting module and a control valve assembly, wherein the two-stage pressurization module, the sleeve type heat management pressure accumulation module, the ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline cooperative control module, the ultra-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limiting module and the control valve assembly are all arranged inside the ammonia injector body in sequence from top to bottom. The present application can effectively control the phase state of the ammonia fuel injected into the cylinder, reduce the adverse effects of the heat absorption caused by the vaporization of liquid ammonia in the cylinder on the power system, adopt a method of cooperative control of the injection pressure and the needle valve lift to realize the injection of ammonia fuel with wide flow, meet the needs of the engine under different working conditions, and also realize the high-response closing of the needle valve to prevent the secondary opening of the needle valve caused by pressure fluctuation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an engine fuel system, specifically an ammonia fuel injector. Background Technology

[0002] With the current power equipment already highly developed, achieving carbon reduction goals by improving the efficiency of existing power equipment has become extremely difficult. This makes developing carbon-free and low-carbon power equipment an important way to achieve carbon reduction goals in the power sector.

[0003] Ammonia, as a low-cost, easily stored and transportable, high-energy-density, high-hydrogen-content carbon-free fuel, has become a research hotspot and is considered an ideal fuel for achieving carbon reduction goals in the power sector. However, the high ignition point, low calorific value, poor flammability, and slow flame propagation speed of ammonia fuel limit its application in engines. Currently, high-pressure direct injection of ammonia fuel into the cylinder, along with the mixing of some easily combustible fuels for combustion assistance, is a powerful measure to mitigate its drawbacks. However, existing fuel injectors are insufficient to meet the requirements of high-pressure direct injection of ammonia fuel, nor can they achieve a wide flow rate injection of ammonia fuel to meet the needs of ammonia-fueled engines under different operating conditions. Furthermore, because ammonia has an extremely high latent heat of vaporization, when it is directly injected into the cylinder and evaporates and atomizes, it absorbs a large amount of heat, which greatly reduces the engine's thermal efficiency and can cause excessively low cylinder temperatures, posing a risk of misfire. Therefore, effective thermal management of ammonia fuel before it enters the cylinder is extremely important. In addition, faster response speed is also a major future development trend for ammonia fuel injectors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management that can effectively control the phase state of ammonia fuel injected into the cylinder through the synergistic effect of pressure and temperature, and reduce the adverse effects of ammonia fuel vaporization and heat absorption in the cylinder on the power system.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management, characterized in that it includes a two-stage pressurization module arranged from top to bottom, a pressure accumulator, a pressure accumulator intermediate block, a coordinated control module for ammonia inlet control oil return oil pipeline, a super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module, and a control valve assembly.

[0007] The two-stage booster module includes an ammonia injector body, a fastening cap, a control valve block seat, a first solenoid valve, an armature No. 1, an inner control valve stem, an outer control valve block, and a dual booster piston. The fastening cap is fixed above the ammonia injector body. The armature No. 1 is located inside the ammonia injector body and fixed to the top of the inner control valve stem. The first solenoid valve is installed inside the fastening cap. The armature No. 1 return spring is installed inside the first solenoid valve and is located above the armature No. 1. The outer control valve block is sleeved on the lower part of the inner control valve stem and is located inside the control valve block seat. The dual booster piston is installed below the control valve block seat, and a booster piston return spring is sleeved on the outside of the dual booster piston.

[0008] The control valve block seat is equipped with a main booster oil return line, a first-stage booster oil return line, a second-stage booster oil return line, a booster oil inlet, and a second-stage booster oil inlet. The dual booster pistons and the control valve block seat form a first-stage booster oil chamber and a second-stage booster oil chamber, respectively. The inner control valve stem is equipped with a through hole, and the main booster oil return line and the first-stage booster oil return line are connected or disconnected with the through hole. The first-stage booster oil chamber is connected to the first-stage booster oil return line and the booster oil inlet. The second-stage booster oil inlet is connected to the second-stage booster oil chamber. The upper space of the outer control valve block is connected to the second-stage booster oil return line and the main booster oil return line. A check valve is provided between the second-stage booster oil return line and the main booster oil return line. Sealing surfaces are provided at the mating positions inside the outer control valve block and the inner control valve stem, as well as between the upper and lower contact surfaces of the outer control valve block and the control valve block seat.

[0009] The present invention may also include:

[0010] 1. The pressure accumulator is equipped with a sleeve-type thermal management chamber and an ammonia fuel pressure accumulator chamber. The sleeve-type thermal management chamber is connected to the inlet and outlet of the sleeve-type thermal management chamber, respectively. The ammonia fuel pressure accumulator chamber is connected to a one-way ammonia inlet.

[0011] 2. The coordinated control module for the ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline includes an upper coordinated module, a lower coordinated module, a second solenoid valve, an armature No. 2, and a dual-passage valve stem. The upper coordinated module is installed above the lower coordinated module. The upper coordinated module contains the second solenoid valve and the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline. The No. 2 armature return spring is installed in the second solenoid valve. The lower coordinated module contains the No. 2 armature, the dual-passage valve stem, the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline, the No. 1 control oil return pipeline, and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline. The No. 2 armature is fixed to the top of the dual-passage valve stem. The No. 2 armature return spring is located above the No. 2 armature. The dual-passage valve stem has a structure that is thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom. Semi-circular passages are provided on both sides of the lower part. A limiting block is provided above the shoulder of the dual-passage valve stem. The No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline is connected to the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber. The No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 1 control oil return pipeline are both connected to the passages.

[0012] 3. The super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limiting module includes a super hysteresis upper module, a super hysteresis lower module, super hysteresis material, a piston, main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a hysteresis seat, and a lower convex needle valve limiting block. The super hysteresis upper module is installed above the super hysteresis lower module. The main and auxiliary magnetic poles are set in the super hysteresis upper module, and coils are set in the main and auxiliary magnetic poles. The super hysteresis material is installed inside the main and auxiliary magnetic poles. A magnetic yoke and a hysteresis seat are respectively set above and below the super hysteresis material. The piston is installed below the hysteresis seat. The lower convex needle valve limiting block is located below the piston, and the two form an intermediate cavity. A lower convex needle valve return spring is sleeved on the lower part of the lower convex needle valve limiting block. The super hysteresis upper module is provided with a lubricating oil inlet, a lubricating oil passage, a one-way intermediate cavity inlet, and an intermediate cavity oil passage. The lubricating oil inlet is connected to the lubricating oil passage, and the one-way intermediate cavity inlet is connected to the intermediate cavity through the intermediate cavity oil passage.

[0013] 4. The control valve assembly includes a needle valve and an intermediate block. The needle valve passes through the intermediate block in the middle. The needle valve has an annular cavity in the middle. The space formed by the annular cavity and the lower surface of the intermediate block is a control oil chamber. A control oil inlet pipeline is formed below the intermediate block. The control oil inlet pipeline, the control oil chamber, and the No. 1 control oil return pipeline are in a connected state.

[0014] 5. The radii of the inlet and outlet of the semi-circular passages on both sides of the dual-pass valve stem are consistent with the outlet radii of the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 1 control oil return pipeline, as well as the inlet radii of the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline. The distance between the inlet of the semi-circular passages on both sides of the dual-pass valve stem and the outlet of the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline, and the distance between the inlet of the semi-circular passages on both sides of the dual-pass valve stem and the inlet of the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 1 control oil return pipeline, are consistent.

[0015] 6. When the base pressure mode is selected, the two-stage booster module is not powered on, the No. 1 armature is seated, the first-stage booster oil return circuit and the main booster oil return circuit are connected through the through hole on the inner control valve stem, the outer control valve block is seated on the lower contact surface of the control valve block seat, forming a sealed cavity between them, the first-stage booster oil return circuit and the second-stage booster oil inlet circuit are not connected, the second-stage booster oil return circuit and the main booster oil return circuit are connected, neither the first-stage booster oil chamber nor the second-stage booster oil chamber can build pressure, and the dual booster piston does not have a boosting effect.

[0016] 7. When the low boost mode is selected, the two-stage boost modules are at a low potential. The No. 1 armature is driven by electromagnetic force to move the internal control valve rod upward, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first-stage boost oil return circuit and the main boost oil return circuit. The external control valve block sits on the lower contact surface of the control valve block seat, forming a sealed cavity. The first-stage boost oil return circuit and the second-stage boost oil inlet circuit are not connected, but the second-stage boost oil return circuit and the main boost oil return circuit are connected. At this time, the second-stage boost oil chamber cannot build pressure, and the first-stage boost oil chamber begins to build pressure. The dual boost piston moves downward, and the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator increases until the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator reaches a certain level. Multiply by the area of ​​the lower surface of the twin-charged piston Plus the elastic force of the dual-pressure piston return spring Equal to the pressure of the booster oil in the first-stage booster oil chamber Multiplied by the area it acts on the twin-charged piston When the dual-boost piston stops moving, that is... .

[0017] 8. When the high boost mode is selected, the two-stage boost modules are at a high potential. The No. 1 armature is driven by electromagnetic force to move the inner control valve rod upward, which in turn drives the outer control valve block upward, cutting off the connection between the first-stage boost oil return circuit and the main boost oil return circuit. The first-stage boost oil chamber begins to build up pressure. The second-stage boost oil inlet circuit is connected to the first-stage boost oil return circuit, but disconnected from the upper space of the outer control valve block. The second-stage boost oil chamber begins to build up pressure. The dual boost pistons move downward, and the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator increases until the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator reaches a certain level. Multiply by the area of ​​the lower surface of the twin-charged piston Plus the elastic force of the dual-pressure piston return spring equal to the pressure of the booster oil chamber and the internal booster oil. Multiplied by the area it acts on the twin-charged piston When the dual-boost piston stops moving, that is... .

[0018] 9. When selecting low needle valve lift injection, the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module is energized, the super hysteresis material elongates, the hysteresis seat presses the piston downward, causing the pressure in the intermediate cavity formed by the piston and the lower convex needle valve limit block to increase, thereby causing the lower convex needle valve limit block to overcome the elastic force of the reset spring and move downward; the ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline co-control module is energized, the No. 2 armature is driven by electromagnetic force to move the double passage valve rod upward until the double passage valve rod contacts the limit block, the double passage valve rod no longer moves, at this time the semi-circular passages on both sides of the double passage valve rod are simultaneously connected to the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline, (1) control oil return pipeline and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline, and the ammonia fuel that has fully exchanged heat with the heating liquid in the sleeve-type heat management chamber flows from the accumulator chamber through the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline into the pressure chamber, and the control oil in the control oil chamber The oil flows back to the oil tank through the No. 1 and No. 2 control oil return lines. When the combined force of the pressure in the control oil chamber and the spring force of the needle valve return spring is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber, the needle valve lifts upward until the upper surface of the needle valve contacts the lower surface of the lower convex needle valve limit block. The needle valve stops moving, the injection channel opens, and ammonia is injected. When the injection ends, the control oil return line and the control module are de-energized. Under the action of the No. 2 armature return spring, the No. 2 armature sits down, driving the dual-pass valve stem downward. At the same time, the No. 1 and No. 2 ammonia inlet lines and the No. 1 and No. 2 control oil return lines are cut off, and no more ammonia fuel flows into the pressure chamber. The control oil chamber gradually builds up pressure. When the pressure in the control oil chamber and the spring force of the needle valve return spring are greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber, the needle valve sits down again.

[0019] 10. When selecting high needle valve lift injection, the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module is not energized, the piston does not move, and the lower convex needle valve limit block is in the highest position under the action of the return spring; the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipeline coordinated control module is energized, and the No. 2 armature is driven by electromagnetic force to move the dual-passage valve rod upward until the dual-passage valve rod contacts the limit block, at which point the dual-passage valve rod stops moving. At this time, the semi-circular passages on both sides of the dual-passage valve rod simultaneously connect the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline, and the No. 1 control oil return pipeline and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline. The ammonia fuel, which has fully exchanged heat with the heating liquid in the sleeve-type heat management chamber, flows from the accumulator chamber into the pressure chamber through the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline. The control oil in the control oil chamber flows through the No. 1 control oil return pipeline and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline. The return oil flows back to the oil tank. When the combined force of the pressure in the control oil chamber and the spring force of the needle valve return spring is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber, the needle valve lifts up until the upper surface of the needle valve contacts the lower surface of the lower convex needle valve limit block. The needle valve stops moving, the injection channel opens, and ammonia is injected. When the injection ends, the ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline and the control module are de-energized. Under the action of the No. 2 armature return spring, the No. 2 armature sits down, driving the dual-pass valve stem to move downward. At the same time, the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline, as well as the No. 1 control oil return pipeline and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline are cut off. No more ammonia fuel flows into the pressure chamber. The control oil chamber gradually builds up pressure. When the pressure in the control oil chamber and the spring force of the needle valve return spring are greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber, the needle valve sits down again.

[0020] The advantages of this invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention employs a method of coordinated control of injection pressure and needle valve lift to achieve flexible control of ammonia fuel injection patterns. This not only allows for more flexible control of injection quantity and timing, but also enables the combination of several boosting modes and multiple needle valve lifts to achieve a wide flow rate injection of ammonia fuel, meeting the needs of different engine operating conditions.

[0022] 2. This invention combines a sleeve-type thermal management chamber and an ammonia fuel accumulator chamber to perform thermal management of ammonia fuel in the ammonia injector, which enables the ammonia fuel to achieve more sufficient heat exchange. The phase state of the ammonia fuel can be controlled by adjusting the temperature of the heating liquid in the thermal management chamber and the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the accumulator chamber. Furthermore, it enables the injector to inject supercritical ammonia fuel, thereby accelerating the atomization of ammonia fuel in the cylinder and overcoming the adverse effects caused by excessive latent heat of vaporization of liquid ammonia.

[0023] 3. This invention can simultaneously cut off the supply of ammonia fuel to the pressure chamber and build up pressure in the control oil chamber by using a coordinated control module of the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipelines at the end of ammonia injection. This ensures that the needle valve sets quickly and cuts off the oil cleanly and neatly, and also ensures that the needle valve will not be opened a second time due to pressure fluctuations in other components such as high-pressure oil pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a two-stage booster module.

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the collaborative control module for the ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the limit module structure of the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control valve assembly structure;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. Two-stage pressurization module; 2. One-way ammonia inlet; 3. Sleeve-type thermal management chamber inlet; 4. Ammonia injector body; 5. Ammonia fuel accumulator chamber; 6. Sleeve-type thermal management chamber; 7. Sleeve-type thermal management chamber outlet; 8. Injection control pipeline coordination control module; 9. Hyperhysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module; 10. One-way control oil inlet; 11. Needle valve return spring; 12. Intermediate block; 13. Control valve assembly; 14. Pressure chamber; 15. Injection orifice; 16. Fastening cap; 17. Fastening sleeve; 18. First solenoid valve 1-1; Armature No. 1; 1-2; Inner control valve stem; 1-3; Outer control valve block; 1-4; Outer control valve block return spring; 1-5; Boost oil inlet; 1-6; First-stage boost oil chamber; 1-7; First-stage boost oil return line; 1-8; Main boost oil return line; 1-9; Second-stage boost oil inlet; 1-10; Second-stage boost oil chamber; 1-11; Second-stage boost oil return line; 1-12; Check valve; 1-13; Dual boost piston; 1-14; Boost piston return spring; 1-1 5; Armature return spring 1-16; Through hole 1-17; Control valve block seat 1-18; Second solenoid valve 8-1; Armature 2 8-2; Dual-pass valve stem 8-3; Ammonia inlet pipe 1 8-4; Ammonia inlet pipe 2 8-5; Control oil return pipe 1 8-6; Control oil return pipe 2 8-7; Armature return spring 8-8; Two-section semi-circular passage 8-9; Limiting block 8-10; Magnetic yoke 9-1; Main and auxiliary magnetic poles 9-2; Hysteresis seat 9-3; Piston 9-4; Intermediate cavity 9-5; Lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6; Lubricating oil passage 9-7; Intermediate cavity oil passage 9-8; Lubricating oil inlet 9-9; One-way intermediate cavity oil inlet 9-10; Coil 9-11; Hypermagnetic hysteresis material 9-12; Return spring 9-13; Hypermagnetic hysteresis limiting block 9-14; Needle valve 13-1; Control oil inlet pipeline 13-2; Control oil cavity 13-3; Needle valve No. 1 control oil return pipeline 13-4; Needle valve intermediate block 13-5. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Combination Figure 1-6 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the present invention shows a wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management, comprising a two-stage pressurization module 1, a one-way ammonia inlet 2, a sleeve-type thermal management chamber inlet 3, an ammonia injector body 4, an ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 5, a sleeve-type thermal management chamber 6, a sleeve-type thermal management chamber outlet 7, an ammonia inlet and control oil return pipeline collaborative control module 8, a super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module 9, a one-way control oil inlet 10, a needle valve reset spring 11, an intermediate block 12, a control valve assembly 13, a pressure chamber 14, a nozzle 15, a fastening cap 16, and a fastening sleeve 17. The two-stage pressurization module 1, the one-way ammonia inlet 2, the sleeve-type thermal management chamber inlet 3, the ammonia injector body 4, the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 5, the sleeve-type thermal management chamber 6, the sleeve-type thermal management chamber outlet 7, the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipeline collaborative control module 8, the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module 9, and the control valve assembly 3 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A wide flow rate of ammonia fuel is achieved by coordinating the injection pressure and needle valve lift to meet the needs of different engine operating conditions. The sleeve-type thermal management chamber 6 is arranged around the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 5 to ensure that the ammonia fuel is fully and effectively heat-exchanged in the place with the slowest flow rate and the largest heat exchange area in the injector. The phase state of the ammonia fuel is controlled by adjusting the temperature of the heating fluid in the thermal management chamber 6 and the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the accumulator chamber 5, and the injector is equipped with the ability to inject supercritical ammonia fuel, so that the ammonia fuel is atomized faster in the cylinder and overcomes the disadvantages caused by the excessive latent heat of vaporization of ammonia fuel. It can also cut off the supply of ammonia fuel at the end of the injection to ensure that the needle valve sits down quickly and will not open again due to pressure fluctuations. The fastening cap 16 and the ammonia injector body 4, as well as the fastening sleeve 17 and the ammonia injector body 4, are fixed by threads.

[0033] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a two-stage booster module, mainly including solenoid valve 1-1, armature 1-2, internal control valve stem 1-3, external control valve block 1-4, external control valve block return spring 1-5, booster oil inlet 1-6, first-stage booster oil chamber 1-7, first-stage booster oil return line 1-8, main booster oil return line 1-9, second-stage booster oil inlet line 1-10, second-stage booster oil chamber 1-11, second-stage booster oil return line 1-12, check valve 1-13, dual booster piston 1-14, and booster piston return spring 1-15. The No. 1 armature is fixed to the top of the inner control valve stem, and a No. 1 armature return spring 1-16 is provided above it. A through hole 1-17 is provided at the lower part of the inner control valve stem 1-3. The primary booster oil return line 1-8 and the main booster oil return line 1-9 are separated by the inner control valve stem 1-3. When the solenoid valve 1-1 is not energized, they can be connected through the through hole 1-17 on the inner control valve stem. The outer control valve block 1-4 is a hollow structure, fitted onto the inner control valve stem 1-3. Sealing surfaces are provided between the interior of the outer control valve block 1-4 and the exterior of the inner control valve stem 1-3, as well as between the upper and lower contact surfaces of the outer control valve block 1-4 and the control valve block seat 1-18. The booster oil inlet 1- 6. The first-stage booster oil chamber 1-7 and the first-stage booster oil return line 1-8 are connected. The upper space of the external control valve block 1-4 is connected to the second-stage booster oil return line 1-12 and the main booster oil return line 1-9. A one-way valve 1-13 is provided between the second-stage booster oil return line 1-12 and the main booster oil return line 1-9 to prevent oil in the main booster oil return line from entering the second-stage booster oil chamber 1-11 and interfering with the precise control of the two-stage booster modules. The dual booster piston 1-14 is located below the inner control valve stem 1-3. A booster piston return spring 1-15 is provided below the protrusion in the middle of the dual booster piston. The booster oil can be selected from diesel or ammonia and other carbon-free or low-carbon fuels.

[0034] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the coordinated control module for ammonia inlet and control oil return pipelines. It mainly includes solenoid valve 8-1, armature 8-2, dual-pass valve stem 8-3, ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 (No. 1), ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5 (No. 2), control oil return pipeline 8-6 (No. 1), and control oil return pipeline 8-7 (No. 2). Control oil return pipeline 8-7 is located to the right of ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 (No. 1). Ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5 (No. 2) and control oil return pipeline 8-6 (No. 1) are respectively located to the right of ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 (No. 1). Below the return oil lines 8-7 of control oil -4 and 2, a return spring 8-8 is provided on the upper part of armature 8-2. The dual-pass valve stem 8-3 is fixed on armature 8-2 and can move up and down with armature 8-2. The dual-pass valve stem 8-3 has a structure that is thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom, and two semi-circular passages 8-9 are provided on both sides of the lower part. A limit block 8-10 is provided above the shoulder of the dual-pass valve stem 8-3. The radii of the inlet and outlet of the semi-circular passages 8-9 on both sides are the same as the outlet radii of the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4, the No. 1 control oil return pipeline 8-6, and the inlet radii of the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5 and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline 8-7. Furthermore, the distance between the inlet of the semi-circular passages 8-9 on both sides of the double-pass valve stem and the outlet of the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline 8-7, and the distance between the inlet of the semi-circular passages 8-9 on both sides of the double-pass valve stem and the outlet of the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5, the double-pass valve stem 8-6, and the outlet of the No. 2 control oil return pipeline 8-7, and the distance between the inlet of the semi-circular passages 8-9 on both sides of the double-pass valve stem and the outlet of the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5, the double-pass valve stem 8-6, the double-pass valve stem 8-7, the double-pass valve stem 8-9, the double-pass valve stem ... The spacing between the inlets of pipelines 8-5 and 8-6 (control oil return pipeline 8-6) is the same. This means that the semi-circular passages 8-9 on both sides of the dual-passage valve stem can simultaneously connect and disconnect ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5, as well as control oil return pipeline 8-6 and control oil return pipeline 8-7. This allows for the simultaneous disconnection of ammonia fuel supply to the pressure chamber at the end of ammonia injection, and the pressure build-up of the control oil chamber, enabling the needle valve to quickly seat and cut off the oil supply cleanly and decisively.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limiting module, mainly including a magnetic yoke 9-1, main and auxiliary magnetic poles 9-2, hysteresis seat 9-3, piston 9-4, intermediate cavity 9-5, lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6, lubricating oil passage 9-7, intermediate cavity oil passage 9-8, lubricating oil inlet 9-9, one-way intermediate cavity oil inlet 9-10, coils wound in the main and auxiliary magnetic poles 9-11, and super hysteresis material 9-12 placed in the through holes of the main and auxiliary magnetic poles. Both piston 9-4 and lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6 are located within the super hysteresis... Below material 9-12, the intermediate cavity 9-5 is located between piston 9-4 and lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6. A return spring 9-13 is provided below the lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6, and a super hysteresis limiting block 9-14 is provided above it. The area of ​​the upper surface of the lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6 is much larger than the area of ​​the equivalent surface of the lower end of the needle valve that bears the upward hydraulic force. This allows the pressure of the oil in the intermediate cavity 9-5 on the lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6 to be much greater than the pressure of the needle valve on the needle valve limiting block 9-6.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control valve assembly structure, which mainly includes needle valve 13-1, control oil inlet line 13-2, control oil chamber 13-3, control oil return line 13-4 for needle valve 1, and needle valve intermediate block 13-5. The needle valve has an annular cavity in the middle. The space formed by the annular cavity and the lower surface of the needle valve intermediate block 13-5 is the control oil chamber 13-3. The control oil inlet line 13-2, control oil chamber 13-3, and control oil return line 13-4 for needle valve 1 are in a connected state.

[0037] This invention relates to a wide-flow-rate ammonia fuel injector with thermal management, capable of achieving three basic pressurization modes and two basic needle valve lift injection modes. These can be combined to create six basic injection modes: base pressure low needle valve lift, base pressure high needle valve lift, low pressurization low needle valve lift, low pressurization high needle valve lift, high pressurization low needle valve lift, and high pressurization high needle valve lift. Furthermore, by applying different levels of current to the hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module, different needle valve lift levels between low and high needle valve lift can be obtained, thus achieving even more injection modes. Combining these injection modes enables injection of ammonia fuel over a wide flow range. The implementation process of the three basic pressurization modes and two basic needle valve lift injection modes is as follows:

[0038] When the base pressure mode is selected, the two-stage booster module 1 is not powered, armature 1-2 is seated, the first-stage booster oil return line 1-8 and the main booster oil return line 1-9 are connected through the through hole 1-17 on the inner control valve stem, the outer control valve block 1-4 is seated on the lower contact surface of the control valve block seat 1-18, forming a sealed cavity between them, the first-stage booster oil return line 1-8 and the second-stage booster oil inlet line 1-10 are not connected, the second-stage booster oil return line 1-12 is connected to the main booster oil return line 1-9, the first-stage booster oil chamber 1-7 and the second-stage booster oil chamber 1-11 cannot build pressure, and the dual booster piston 1-14 does not have a boosting effect.

[0039] When the low boost mode is selected, the two-stage boost module 1 is at a low potential. Armature 1-2, under electromagnetic force, moves the inner control valve stem 1-3 upwards, thus disconnecting the connection between the first-stage boost oil return line 1-8 and the main boost oil return line 1-9. Meanwhile, the outer control valve block 1-4 remains seated on the lower contact surface of the control valve block seat 1-18, forming a sealed cavity. The first-stage boost oil return line 1-8 and the second-stage boost oil inlet line 1-10 are not connected, while the second-stage boost oil return line 1-12 and the main boost oil return line 1-9 are connected. At this time, the second-stage boost oil chamber 1-11 cannot build pressure, while the first-stage boost oil chamber 1-7 begins to build pressure. The dual boost piston 1-14 moves downwards, increasing the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 5 until the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 5 reaches a certain level. Multiply by the area of ​​the lower surface of the twin-boost piston 1-14 With the added force of the dual-pressure piston return springs 1-15 Equal to the pressure of the booster oil in the first-stage booster oil chambers 1-7 Multiplied by the area it acts on the twin-charged pistons 1-14 When the dual-boost pistons 1-14 stop moving, that is... .

[0040] When the high boost mode is selected, the two-stage boost module 1 is at a high potential. Armature 1-2, under electromagnetic force, moves the inner control valve stem 1-3 upwards, further driving the outer control valve block 1-4 upwards. This disconnects the primary boost oil return line 1-8 from the main boost oil return line, causing the primary boost oil chamber 1-7 to begin pressurizing. Simultaneously, the secondary boost oil inlet line 1-10 connects with the primary boost oil return line 1-8, disconnecting from the upper space of the outer control valve block 1-4, allowing the secondary boost oil chamber 1-11 to begin pressurizing. The dual boost piston 1-14 moves downwards, increasing the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 5 until the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 5 reaches a certain level. Multiply by the area of ​​the lower surface of the twin-boost piston 1-14 With the added force of the dual-pressure piston return springs 1-15 Equal to the pressure of the booster oil in booster oil chambers 1-7 and 1-11 Multiplied by the area it acts on the twin-charged pistons 1-14 When the dual-boost pistons 1-14 stop moving, that is... .

[0041] When low needle valve lift injection is selected, the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module 9 is energized, the super hysteresis material 9-12 elongates, and the hysteresis seat 9-3 presses the piston 9-4 downward, causing the pressure in the intermediate cavity 9-5 formed by the piston 9-4 and the lower convex needle valve limit block 9-6 to increase, thereby causing the lower convex needle valve limit block 9-6 to move downward against the elastic force of the return spring 9-13. When the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipeline coordinated control module 8 is energized, armature 8-2, driven by electromagnetic force, moves the dual-passage valve stem 8-3 upward until it contacts the limit block 8-10. At this point, the valve stem 8-3 stops moving. Simultaneously, the semi-circular passages 8-9 on both sides of the valve stem connect ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5, and control oil return pipeline 8-6 and control oil return pipeline 8-7. Ammonia fuel, having undergone sufficient heat exchange with the heating liquid in the sleeve-type heat management chamber 6, flows from the accumulator chamber 5 through ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5 into the pressure chamber 14. Control oil in the control oil chamber 13-3 flows through control oil return pipeline 8-7. -6. The return oil from control oil line 8-7 flows back to the oil tank. When the combined force of the pressure in control oil chamber 13-3 and the elastic force of needle valve return spring 11 is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 14, needle valve 13-1 is lifted up until the upper surface of needle valve 13-1 contacts the lower surface of lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6. Because the area of ​​the upper surface of lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6 is much larger than the area of ​​the equivalent surface of needle valve 13-1 bearing the upward hydraulic force, the hydraulic pressure applied to the upper surface of lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6 is also much greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 14 at the lower end of needle valve 13-1. At this time, needle valve 13-1 stops moving, and the injection channel opens to inject ammonia. When the injection ends, the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipeline coordinated control module 8 is de-energized. Under the action of armature return spring 8-8, armature 8-2 sits down, driving the dual-pass valve stem 8-3 to move downward. At the same time, it cuts off ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5, control oil return pipeline 8-6 and control oil return pipeline 8-7. No more ammonia fuel flows into pressure chamber 14, the pressure decreases rapidly, and control oil chamber 13-3 gradually builds up pressure. When the pressure in control oil chamber 13-3 and the elastic force of needle valve return spring 11 are greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 14, needle valve 13-1 sits down again.

[0042] When high needle valve lift injection is selected, the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module 9 is not energized, the piston 9-4 is stationary, and the lower convex needle valve limit block 9-6 is in the highest position under the action of the return spring 9-14. At this time, the distance between the needle valve 13-1 and the lower convex needle valve limit block 9-6 is the largest. When the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipeline coordinated control module 8 is energized, armature 8-2, driven by electromagnetic force, moves the dual-passage valve stem 8-3 upward until it contacts the limit block 8-10. At this point, the valve stem 8-3 stops moving. Simultaneously, the semi-circular passages 8-9 on both sides of the valve stem connect ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5, and control oil return pipeline 8-6 and control oil return pipeline 8-7. Ammonia fuel, having undergone sufficient heat exchange with the heating liquid in the sleeve-type heat management chamber 6, flows from the accumulator chamber 5 through ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5 into the pressure chamber 14. Control oil in the control oil chamber 13-3 flows through control oil return pipeline 8-7. -6. The return oil from control oil line 8-7 flows back to the oil tank. When the combined force of the pressure in control oil chamber 13-3 and the elastic force of needle valve return spring 11 is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 14, needle valve 13-1 is lifted up until the upper surface of needle valve 13-1 contacts the lower surface of lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6. Because the area of ​​the upper surface of lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6 is much larger than the area of ​​the equivalent surface of needle valve 13-1 bearing the upward hydraulic force, the hydraulic pressure applied to the upper surface of lower convex needle valve limiting block 9-6 is also much greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 14 at the lower end of needle valve 13-1. At this time, needle valve 13-1 stops moving, and the injection channel opens to inject ammonia. When the injection ends, the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipeline coordinated control module 8 is de-energized. Under the action of armature return spring 8-8, armature 8-2 sits down, driving the dual-pass valve stem 8-3 to move downward. At the same time, it cuts off ammonia inlet pipeline 8-4 and ammonia inlet pipeline 8-5, control oil return pipeline 8-6 and control oil return pipeline 8-7. No more ammonia fuel flows into pressure chamber 14, the pressure decreases rapidly, and control oil chamber 13-3 gradually builds up pressure. When the pressure in control oil chamber 13-3 and the elastic force of needle valve return spring 11 are greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in pressure chamber 14, needle valve 13-1 sits down again.

[0043] As described above, this invention controls the injection pressure and needle valve lift through a two-stage pressurization module and a super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limiting module. This means it achieves flexible control of the ammonia fuel injection pattern through coordinated control of fuel pressure and fuel flow area, while simultaneously meeting the demand for a wide flow rate of ammonia fuel injection. Furthermore, it utilizes a sleeve-type thermal management chamber and a pressure accumulator chamber to ensure sufficient heat exchange for the ammonia fuel in the injector. By adjusting the temperature of the heating fluid in the thermal management chamber and the pressure of the ammonia fuel in the pressure accumulator chamber, the phase state of the ammonia fuel is controlled, enabling the injector to inject supercritical ammonia fuel. This accelerates atomization of the ammonia fuel within the cylinder and overcomes the drawbacks caused by excessive latent heat of vaporization of liquid ammonia. Simultaneously, a coordinated control module for the ammonia inlet and control oil return pipelines is designed to ensure a clean cut-off at the end of fuel supply and prevent secondary opening of the needle valve.

Claims

1. A wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management, characterized by: It includes a two-stage booster module (1) arranged from top to bottom, a pressure accumulator, a pressure accumulator intermediate block, a coordinated control module for ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline (8), a super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module (9), and a control valve assembly (13). The two-stage booster module (1) includes an ammonia injector body (4), a fastening cap (16), a control valve block seat (1-18), a first solenoid valve (1-1), an armature (1-2), an inner control valve stem (1-3), an outer control valve block (1-4), an outer control valve block reset spring (1-5), and a dual booster piston (1-14). The fastening cap (16) is fixed above the ammonia injector body (4), and the armature (1-2) is located inside the ammonia injector body (4) and fixed to the top of the inner control valve stem (1-3). The fastening cap (16) is equipped with a first solenoid valve (1-1), and the first solenoid valve (1-1) is equipped with a No. 1 armature return spring. The No. 1 armature return spring is located above the No. 1 armature. The lower part of the inner control valve rod (1-3) is fitted with an outer control valve block (1-4). The outer control valve block (1-4) is located in the control valve block seat (1-18). The double pressure boosting piston (1-14) is installed below the control valve block seat (1-18). The double pressure boosting piston (1-14) is fitted with a pressure boosting piston return spring (1-15). The control valve block seat (1-18) is equipped with a main booster oil return line (1-9), a first-stage booster oil return line (1-8), a second-stage booster oil return line (1-12), a booster oil inlet (1-6), and a second-stage booster oil inlet line (1-10). The dual booster piston (1-14) and the control valve block seat (1-18) respectively form a first-stage booster oil chamber (1-7) and a second-stage booster oil chamber (1-11). The inner control valve stem (1-3) is equipped with a through hole (1-17). The main booster oil return line (1-9) and the first-stage booster oil return line (1-8) are connected or disconnected from the through hole (1-17). The first-stage booster oil chamber (1-7) is divided into... The first-stage booster oil return line (1-8) and booster oil inlet (1-6) are connected. The second-stage booster oil inlet line (1-10) is connected to the second-stage booster oil chamber (1-11). The upper space of the external control valve block (1-4) is connected to the second-stage booster oil return line (1-12) and the main booster oil return line (1-9). A check valve (1-13) is provided between the second-stage booster oil return line (1-12) and the main booster oil return line (1-9). Sealing surfaces are provided between the internal part of the external control valve block (1-4) and the external part of the internal control valve stem (1-3), as well as between the upper and lower contact surfaces of the external control valve block (1-4) and the control valve block seat (1-18). The accumulator is provided with a sleeve-type thermal management chamber (6) and an ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5). The sleeve-type thermal management chamber (6) is connected to the sleeve-type thermal management chamber inlet (3) and the sleeve-type thermal management chamber outlet (7). The ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5) is connected to a one-way ammonia inlet (2). The coordinated control module (8) for the ammonia inlet control oil return pipeline includes an upper coordinated module, a lower coordinated module, a second solenoid valve (8-1), an armature (8-2), and a dual-passage valve stem (8-3). The upper coordinated module is installed above the lower coordinated module. The upper coordinated module contains the second solenoid valve (8-1) and the ammonia inlet pipeline (8-4). The second solenoid valve (8-1) contains the armature return spring (8-8). The lower coordinated module contains the armature (8-2), the dual-passage valve stem (8-3), the ammonia inlet pipeline (8-5), the control oil return pipeline (8-6), and the control oil return pipeline (8-4). The control oil return line (8-7) has a No. 2 armature (8-2) fixed on the top of the double-pass valve stem (8-3). The No. 2 armature return spring (8-8) is located above the No. 2 armature (8-2). The double-pass valve stem (8-3) has a structure that is thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom. There are semi-circular passages (8-9) on both sides of the lower part. There is a limit block (8-10) above the shoulder of the double-pass valve stem (8-3). The No. 1 ammonia inlet line (8-4) is connected to the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5). The No. 2 ammonia inlet line (8-5) and the No. 1 control oil return line (8-6) are both connected to the passage (8-9). The super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limiting module (9) includes a super hysteresis upper module, a super hysteresis lower module, super hysteresis material (9-12), a piston (9-4), main and auxiliary magnetic poles (9-2), a hysteresis seat (9-3), and a lower convex needle valve limiting block (9-6). The super hysteresis upper module is installed above the super hysteresis lower module. The main and auxiliary magnetic poles (9-2) are located in the super hysteresis upper module. A coil (9-11) is installed in the main and auxiliary magnetic poles (9-2). The super hysteresis material (9-12) is installed inside the main and auxiliary magnetic poles (9-2). A magnetic yoke (9-1) and a hysteresis seat (9-3) are respectively installed above and below the super hysteresis material (9-12). The piston (9-4) is installed below the hysteresis seat (9-3), and the lower convex needle valve limiting block (9-6) is located below the piston (9-4), and the two form an intermediate cavity (9-5). The lower part of the lower convex needle valve limiting block (9-6) is fitted with a return spring (9-13). The upper module of the super hysteresis is equipped with a lubricating oil inlet (9-9), a lubricating oil passage (9-7), a one-way intermediate cavity inlet (9-10), and an intermediate cavity oil passage (9-8). The lubricating oil inlet (9-9) is connected to the lubricating oil passage (9-7), and the one-way intermediate cavity inlet (9-10) is connected to the intermediate cavity (9-5) through the intermediate cavity oil passage (9-8). The control valve assembly (13) includes a needle valve (13-1) and a needle valve intermediate block (13-5). The middle part of the needle valve (13-1) passes through the needle valve intermediate block (13-5). The middle part of the needle valve (13-1) has an annular cavity. The space formed by the annular cavity and the lower surface of the needle valve intermediate block (13-5) is a control oil chamber (13-3). A control oil inlet pipe (13-2) is formed below the needle valve intermediate block (13-5). The control oil inlet pipe (13-2), the control oil chamber (13-3), and the No. 1 control oil return pipe (8-6) are in a connected state. The radii of the inlet and outlet of the semi-circular passages (8-9) on both sides of the dual-pass valve stem are consistent with the outlet radii of the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-4) and the No. 1 control oil return pipeline (8-6), as well as the inlet radii of the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-5) and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline (8-7). The spacing between the inlet of the semi-circular passages (8-9) on both sides of the dual-pass valve stem and the outlet of the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-4) and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline (8-7), as well as the spacing between the inlet of the semi-circular passages (8-9) on both sides of the dual-pass valve stem and the inlet of the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-5) and the No. 1 control oil return pipeline (8-6), are consistent.

2. The wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the base pressure mode is selected, the two-stage booster module (1) is not powered on, armature No. 1 (1-2) is seated, the first-stage booster oil return line (1-8) and the main booster oil return line (1-9) are connected through the through hole (1-17) on the inner control valve stem, the outer control valve block (1-4) is seated on the lower contact surface of the control valve block seat (1-18), forming a sealed cavity between them, the first-stage booster oil return line (1-8) and the second-stage booster oil inlet line (1-10) are not connected, the second-stage booster oil return line (1-12) is connected to the main booster oil return line (1-9), the first-stage booster oil chamber (1-7) and the second-stage booster oil chamber (1-11) cannot build pressure, and the dual booster piston (1-14) does not have a boosting effect.

3. The wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the low boost mode is selected, the two-stage boost module (1) is at a low potential. The No. 1 armature (1-2) is driven by electromagnetic force to move the inner control valve rod (1-3) upward, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first-stage boost oil return circuit (1-8) and the main boost oil return circuit (1-9). The outer control valve block (1-4) sits on the lower contact surface of the control valve block seat (1-18), forming a sealed cavity. The first-stage boost oil return circuit (1-8) and the second-stage boost oil inlet circuit (1-10) are not connected. The second-stage boost oil return circuit (1-12) is connected to the main boost oil return circuit (1-9). At this time, the second-stage boost oil chamber (1-11) cannot build pressure, and the first-stage boost oil chamber (1-7) begins to build pressure. The dual boost piston (1-14) moves downward, and the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5) increases until the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5) increases. Multiply by the area of ​​the lower surface of the twin-boosting piston (1-14) With the added elastic force of the dual-pressure piston return spring (1-15) Equal to the pressure of the booster oil in the first-stage booster oil chamber (1-7) Multiply by the area it acts on the twin-charged piston (1-14) When the dual-boost piston (1-14) stops moving, that is... .

4. The wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the high boost mode is selected, the two-stage boost module (1) is connected to a high potential. The No. 1 armature (1-2) is driven by electromagnetic force to move the inner control valve rod (1-3) upward and further drive the outer control valve block (1-4) upward, cutting off the connection between the first-stage boost oil return circuit (1-8) and the main boost oil return circuit. The first-stage boost oil chamber (1-7) begins to build pressure. The second-stage boost oil inlet circuit (1-10) is connected to the first-stage boost oil return circuit (1-8) and disconnected from the upper space of the outer control valve block (1-4). The second-stage boost oil chamber (1-11) begins to build pressure. The dual boost piston (1-14) moves downward, and the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5) increases until the pressure in the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5) increases. Multiply by the area of ​​the lower surface of the twin-boosting piston (1-14) With the added elastic force of the dual-pressure piston return spring (1-15) It equals the pressure of the booster oil in the first-stage booster oil chamber (1-7) and the second-stage booster oil chamber (1-11). Multiply by the area it acts on the twin-charged piston (1-14) When the dual-boost piston (1-14) stops moving, that is... .

5. The wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management according to claim 1, characterized in that: When selecting low needle valve lift injection, the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limiting module (9) is energized, the super hysteresis material (9-12) elongates, and the hysteresis seat (9-3) presses the piston (9-4) downward, causing the pressure in the intermediate cavity (9-5) formed by the piston (9-4) and the lower convex needle valve limiting block (9-6) to increase, thereby causing the lower convex needle valve limiting block (9-6) to move downward against the elastic force of the return spring (9-13); the ammonia control oil return pipeline co-control module (8) is energized, and the No. 2 armature (8-2) is driven by electromagnetic force to move the dual-pass valve stem (8-3) upward, directly When the dual-pass valve stem (8-3) contacts the limit block (8-10), the dual-pass valve stem (8-3) stops moving. At this time, the semi-circular passages (8-9) on both sides of the dual-pass valve stem are simultaneously connected to the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipe (8-4) and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipe (8-5), the No. 1 control oil return pipe (8-6) and the No. 2 control oil return pipe (8-7). The ammonia fuel, which has fully exchanged heat with the heating liquid in the sleeve-type heat management chamber (6), flows from the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5) through the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipe (8-4) and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipe (8-5) into the pressure chamber (14), and the control oil chamber (13-3) flows into the pressure chamber (14). The control oil in the control oil chamber (13-3) flows back to the oil tank through the No. 1 control oil return line (8-6) and the No. 2 control oil return line (8-7). When the combined force formed by the pressure in the control oil chamber (13-3) and the elastic force of the needle valve reset spring (11) is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber (14), the needle valve (13-1) is lifted upward until the upper surface of the needle valve (13-1) contacts the lower surface of the lower convex needle valve limit block (9-6). The needle valve (13-1) stops moving, the injection channel opens, and ammonia is injected. When the injection ends, the ammonia inlet control oil return line coordinated control module (8) is de-energized. Under the action of the return spring (8-8) of armature No. 2, armature No. 2 (8-2) sits down, driving the double-pass valve stem (8-3) to move downwards. At the same time, it cuts off the ammonia inlet pipe No. 1 (8-4) and the ammonia inlet pipe No. 2 (8-5), the control oil return pipe No. 1 (8-6) and the control oil return pipe No. 2 (8-7). No more ammonia fuel flows into the pressure chamber (14). The control oil chamber (13-3) gradually builds up pressure. When the pressure in the control oil chamber (13-3) and the elastic force of the needle valve return spring (11) are greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber (14), the needle valve (13-1) sits down again.

6. The wide-flow ammonia fuel injector with thermal management according to claim 1, characterized in that: When selecting high needle valve lift injection, the super hysteresis electromagnetic control needle valve limit module (9) is not energized, the piston (9-4) does not move, and the lower convex needle valve limit block (9-6) is in the highest position under the action of the return spring (9-13); the ammonia control oil return pipeline coordination control module (8) is energized, and the No. 2 armature (8-2) is driven by electromagnetic force to move the dual-pass valve rod (8-3) upward until the dual-pass valve rod (8-3) contacts the limit block (8-10), and the dual-pass valve rod (8-3) stops moving. At this time, both sides of the dual-pass valve rod The semi-circular passage (8-9) simultaneously connects the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-4) and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-5), the No. 1 control oil return pipeline (8-6) and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline (8-7). The ammonia fuel, which has fully exchanged heat with the heating liquid in the sleeve-type heat management chamber (6), flows from the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber (5) through the No. 1 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-4) and the No. 2 ammonia inlet pipeline (8-5) into the pressure chamber (14). The control oil in the control oil chamber (13-3) flows through the No. 1 control oil return pipeline (8-6) and the No. 2 control oil return pipeline. (8-7) Flows back into the oil tank. When the combined force of the pressure in the control oil chamber (13-3) and the elastic force of the needle valve return spring (11) is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber (14), the needle valve (13-1) lifts upward until the upper surface of the needle valve (13-1) contacts the lower surface of the lower convex needle valve limit block (9-6). The needle valve (13-1) stops moving, the injection channel opens, and ammonia is injected. When the injection ends, the ammonia control oil return pipeline co-control module (8) is de-energized, and the No. 2 armature return spring (8-8) operates. When the armature (8-2) is in place, it drives the double-pass valve stem (8-3) to move downwards, and at the same time cuts off the ammonia inlet pipe (8-4) and the ammonia inlet pipe (8-5), the control oil return pipe (8-6) and the control oil return pipe (8-7). No more ammonia fuel flows into the pressure chamber (14), and the control oil chamber (13-3) gradually builds up pressure. When the pressure in the control oil chamber (13-3) and the elastic force of the needle valve reset spring (11) are greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber (14), the needle valve (13-1) is repositioned.

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