A method for adjusting the combustion of a boiler of a waste power plant

Abstract

The application discloses a waste power station boiler combustion adjusting method and relates to the technical field of boiler combustion, and comprises the following steps: establishing a waste stacking pool and carrying out stacking and fermentation treatment on waste; starting the waste power station boiler, uniformly accelerating the hearth from a cold state to at least 850 DEG C, and feeding the fermented waste mixed with combustion improver into the hearth in multiple times; controlling the grate to make each section of the fed waste pass through multiple treatment sections in the hearth in turn, and adopting a stirring mechanism to turn over each section of the waste to make the internal waste fully burn; controlling the primary air volume and adopting multiple points to pass in the primary air to make the waste burning surface in the hearth uniformly contact the primary air and make the oxygen content of the flue gas at the hearth outlet be ensured to be 3%-6%. The application can solve the problem that in the prior art, the uniformity of the mixture of the activated carbon powder and the flue gas is affected by the smoke dust, which directly affects the adsorption rate of dioxin, and causes the poor dioxin treatment effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of boiler combustion, in particular to a waste power station boiler combustion adjustment method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of technologies in various links such as waste recycling, transportation and comprehensive utilization, in order to reduce volume and pollution, more and more small and medium-sized waste incineration power stations have been established in China. However, when waste is incinerated in a waste power station, a large amount of harmful substances such as chlorides, sulfides and dioxins will be produced, which not only destroys the environment but also is harmful to the human body.

[0003] At present, in order to reduce the harm of flue gas during waste incineration, a flue gas purification system is used to treat the combustion flue gas. In the prior art, lime is mainly used to react with chlorides and sulfides to generate solid salt substances, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating chlorides and sulfides; and activated carbon powder is used to adsorb dioxins, so as to achieve the purpose of removing dioxins.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned technology, the activated carbon powder in the flue gas purification system is sprayed into the flue gas containing a large amount of smoke dust through a pipeline, and the smoke dust will affect the uniformity of the mixture of the activated carbon powder and the flue gas, which will directly affect the adsorption rate of dioxins, causing poor treatment effect of dioxins.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a waste power station boiler combustion adjustment method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a waste power station boiler combustion adjustment method, which can efficiently and fully combust the waste in the boiler furnace, not only reducing the production of harmful substances due to insufficient combustion and relieving the treatment pressure of the subsequent flue gas purification system, but also improving the efficiency of the boiler to save fuel and reduce costs.

[0007] At the same time, the dust removal module can first remove the smoke dust in the flue gas, and then perform chemical purification and adsorption purification, thereby greatly reducing the adverse effects of the smoke dust in the flue gas on chemical purification and adsorption purification, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the smoke dust affects the uniformity of the mixture of the activated carbon powder and the flue gas, which directly affects the adsorption rate of dioxins and causes poor treatment effect of dioxins.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a waste power station boiler combustion adjustment method, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, establishing a waste stacking pool and stacking and fermenting the waste;

[0010] S2, start the garbage power station boiler, accelerate the hearth from cold state to at least 850℃, and put the fermented garbage mixed with combustion improver into the hearth in multiple times;

[0011] S3, control the grate to make each section of garbage pass through multiple treatment sections in the hearth in turn, and use the stirring mechanism to turn over each section of garbage to make the internal garbage fully burn;

[0012] S4, control the amount of primary air, and use multiple points to pass in the primary air to make the garbage burning surface in the hearth uniformly contact the primary air, and make the oxygen content of the flue gas at the outlet of the hearth be ensured at 3%-6%;

[0013] S5, pass in the secondary air, and make it stay in the hearth with the flue gas after the garbage burns at least 1 minute in the environment of at least 850℃ to decompose dioxin;

[0014] S6, perform cooling treatment on the combustion flue gas, and discharge it into the flue gas purification system;

[0015] S7, the flue gas purification system is composed of a dust removal module, a first purification module and a second purification module arranged in turn, respectively removes the smoke dust in the flue gas through the dust removal module, removes the chlorides and sulfides in the flue gas through the first purification module, removes the dioxin in the flue gas through the second purification module, and then discharges the treated flue gas.

[0016] As a further preferred scheme, in the S1, a dedicated garbage vehicle is used to transport and stack the garbage into a garbage stacking pool for 5-7 days, and the stacked garbage is stirred to dry the internal moisture of the garbage during the stacking process.

[0017] As a further preferred scheme, in the S2, the starting ignition combustion system of the garbage power station is used for combustion heating, so that the entire hearth is uniformly heated from cold state to more than 850℃, then the fermented garbage is put into the incinerator in batches by the garbage grab bucket, and is stacked on the grate in the hearth by the pushing device.

[0018] As a further preferred scheme, the pushing speed of the pushing device and the material layer baffle are reasonably adjusted to control the thickness of each grate material layer, and the material layer baffle is pre-adjusted to the horizontal position, and the thickness of the grate material layer is controlled by the feeding speed of the pushing device.

[0019] As a further preferred scheme, the treatment sections in the hearth in the S3 include a drying section, an incineration section and a burnout section in turn, and each section of garbage stays on each treatment section in the hearth for at least 1 hour.

[0020] As a further preferred scheme, the fire line position on the grate is controlled to prevent the hearth temperature from being too high and the load from fluctuating greatly, and the upper grate at least circulates 15 times.

[0021] As a further preferred scheme, in the S4, a plurality of air inlets are distributed on the top of the furnace and are arranged in a ring shape, so that the primary air is introduced from multiple points to uniformly contact the waste combustion surface, so as to ensure the oxygen amount and achieve further sufficient combustion.

[0022] As a further preferred scheme, the S6 is provided with a water cooling pipe outside the flue gas discharge channel and is closely installed, heat exchange is carried out between the water cooling pipe and the flue gas through the inner wall of the flue gas discharge channel, so that the high-temperature flue gas is rapidly reduced in temperature and the temperature is controlled to be at most 200 DEG C, the residence time of the flue gas in the temperature range of 250 DEG C to 500 DEG C is reduced, and the generation of dioxin is controlled.

[0023] As a further preferred scheme, the dust removal module in the S7 includes spray dust removal, and the flue gas enters from the bottom of the spray area on both sides after deceleration, and a direct communication pollution discharge device is arranged directly below the spray area.

[0024] As a further preferred scheme, the first purification module in the S7 reacts and eliminates the chlorides and sulfides in the flue gas by uniformly spraying lime powder around, and the second purification module removes the remaining dioxin in the flue gas by uniformly spraying activated carbon powder around.

[0025] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0026] 1. The present application can ensure the efficient combustion of the waste in the boiler furnace by the batch feeding of the waste in the boiler furnace and the mixing of the combustion aid after the fermentation of the waste, and the waste is further stirred by the stirring mechanism in the boiler furnace, so that the waste in the boiler furnace is fully and efficiently combusted, the production of harmful substances due to insufficient combustion is reduced, the treatment pressure of the subsequent flue gas purification system is reduced, and the purification effect of the flue gas purification system is ensured.

[0027] 2. The present application can reduce the amount of harmful substances produced by insufficient combustion by further fully combusting the waste, so as to reduce the treatment pressure of the subsequent flue gas purification system and ensure the purification effect of the flue gas purification system.

[0028] 3. The present application can remove the dust in the flue gas and then perform chemical purification and adsorption purification by sequentially arranging the dust removal module, the first purification module and the second purification module in the flue gas purification system, so as to greatly reduce the adverse effects of the dust on the chemical purification and adsorption purification, and to facilitate the adsorption and removal effect of the activated carbon powder on the dioxin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only represent some embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort based on these drawings belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of the flue gas purification system of the present application.

[0032] In the figure: 1, purification cylinder; 2, purification column; 201, adsorption cavity; 202, chemical cavity; 203, dust reduction cavity; 3, material conveying pipe; 301, first conveying branch pipe; 302, second conveying branch pipe; 303, third conveying branch pipe; 4, nozzle; 5, flue gas inlet pipe; 6, pollution discharge port; 7, pollution discharge mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] Embodiment: Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A waste power station boiler combustion adjusting method shown in the figure, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1, a waste storage pool is established, and a dedicated waste vehicle is used to transport waste and stack it in the waste storage pool for 5-7 days. During the stacking process, the stacked waste is stirred to dry the internal moisture of the waste, thereby improving the calorific value of the waste.

[0036] S2, a waste power station starting ignition combustion supporting system is used for combustion heating to start the waste power station boiler, so that the hearth is uniformly accelerated from cold state to at least 850℃. Subsequently, the fermented waste is mixed with combustion supporting agent and then is put into the hearth in multiple batches to avoid excessive accumulation of waste affecting the combustion effect. After the combustion supporting agent is mixed with the waste, the fermented waste is put into the incinerator in batches by the waste grab bucket and is stacked on the grate in the hearth by the pushing device.

[0037] In the process of S2, the pushing speed of the pushing device and the layer baffle are reasonably adjusted, the thickness of the layer of each grate is controlled, the layer baffle is pre-adjusted to the horizontal position, and the thickness of the layer of each grate is controlled by the feeding speed of the pushing device.

[0038] S3, the grate is controlled to convey the input garbage in each section to pass through the multiple treatment sections in the hearth in sequence, the treatment sections in the hearth include a drying section, a burning section and a burning-out section in sequence, each garbage stays on each treatment section in the hearth for at least 1 hour, and the fire line position on the grate is controlled to prevent the hearth temperature from being too high and the load from fluctuating greatly, and the grate is circulated at least 15 times.

[0039] In the process of garbage burning, the stirring mechanism can be used to turn over each section of garbage to make the internal garbage fully burn and avoid the production of a large amount of harmful substances due to the internal insufficient burning caused by garbage accumulation.

[0040] S4, the amount of primary air is controlled, multiple air inlets are distributed on the top of the hearth and arranged in a surrounding manner to realize the multi-point entry of primary air to uniformly contact the garbage burning surface to ensure the oxygen amount and realize further sufficient burning, and in the specific implementation, the oxygen amount can be judged by detecting the oxygen content of the flue gas at the outlet of the hearth to be 3%-6%.

[0041] S5, secondary air is introduced, and the flue gas after garbage burning stays in the hearth for at most 1 minute at an environment of at least 850℃ to decompose dioxin.

[0042] S6, a water cooling pipeline is arranged outside the flue gas discharge channel and closely installed, the water cooling pipeline exchanges heat with the flue gas through the inner wall of the flue gas discharge channel to rapidly reduce the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas, realize the cooling treatment of the burning flue gas, control the temperature to be at most 200℃, reduce the residence time of the flue gas in the temperature range of 250℃-500℃ to control the generation of dioxin, and then discharge the cooled flue gas into the flue gas purification system.

[0043] S7, the flue gas purification system is composed of a dust removal module, a first purification module and a second purification module arranged in sequence, the dust in the flue gas is removed by the dust removal module, the chlorides and sulfides in the flue gas are removed by the first purification module, and the dioxin in the flue gas is removed by the second purification module, and then the treated flue gas is discharged.

[0044] In the implementation, the dust removal module comprises spray dust removal, and the flue gas enters from the bottom of the spray area on both sides after deceleration, a direct communication pollution discharge device is arranged directly below the spray area, the first purification module reacts with and eliminates chlorides and sulfides in the flue gas by uniformly spraying lime powder around, and the second purification module removes dioxins remaining in the flue gas by uniformly spraying activated carbon powder around.

[0045] In the embodiment, the cooperation Figure 2 The flue gas purification system mainly comprises a purification cylinder 1, the purification cylinder 1 is a flue-shaped structure long enough, a vertical purification column 2 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the purification cylinder 1, an adsorption cavity 201, a chemical cavity 202 and a dust removal cavity 203 are sequentially arranged in the purification column 2 from top to bottom, and the interiors of the purification column 2 are communicated through nozzles 4 arranged on the outer side of the purification column 2 in correspondence, and a feeding pipe 3 extends into the top of the purification column 2, the feeding pipe 3 comprises three pipes, i.e., a first conveying branch pipe 301, a second conveying branch pipe 302 and a third conveying branch pipe 303, activated carbon powder can be conveyed into the adsorption cavity 201 through the first conveying branch pipe 301, lime powder can be conveyed into the chemical cavity 202 through the second conveying branch pipe 302, and water can be conveyed into the dust removal cavity 203 through the third conveying branch pipe 303.

[0046] Meanwhile, two flue gas inlet pipes 5 for introducing flue gas are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the purification cylinder 1, so that the flue gas can be dusted by the water mist sprayed from the dust removal cavity 203, the chlorides and sulfides can be removed by the lime powder sprayed from the chemical cavity 202, and the dioxins can be removed by the activated carbon powder sprayed from the adsorption cavity 201, thereby solving the problem that, in the prior art, the uniformity of the mixture of the activated carbon powder and the flue gas is affected by the dust, which directly affects the adsorption rate of the dioxins.

[0047] The working principle of the garbage power station boiler combustion adjustment method is that, by batch feeding of garbage in the boiler furnace, the garbage is mixed with the mixed combustion aid after fermentation, and the garbage in the boiler furnace is turned over by the stirring mechanism to make it burn efficiently and sufficiently, which not only can reduce the production of harmful substances due to insufficient combustion, relieve the processing pressure of the subsequent flue gas purification system, but also can improve the boiler efficiency, save fuel and reduce costs.

[0048] Meanwhile, the dust in the flue gas can be removed by the dust removal module before chemical purification and adsorption purification, thereby greatly reducing the adverse effects of the dust in the flue gas on the chemical purification and the adsorption purification, solving the problem that, in the prior art, the uniformity of the mixture of the activated carbon powder and the flue gas is affected by the dust, which directly affects the adsorption rate of the dioxins and causes poor treatment effect of the dioxins.

[0049] It should be pointed out finally that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some of the technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the combustion of a boiler of a waste power plant, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a garbage dump pool, and stacking and fermenting the garbage; S2, starting the garbage power station boiler, accelerating the hearth from cold state to at least 850℃, and feeding the fermented garbage mixed with combustion improver into the hearth in multiple times; S3, controlling the grate to make each section of the garbage fed in turn pass through multiple treatment sections in the hearth, and using the stirring mechanism to turn over each section of the garbage to make the internal garbage burn fully; S4, controlling the primary air volume, and using multiple points to pass in the primary air to make the garbage burning surface in the hearth contact the primary air uniformly, and make the oxygen content of the flue gas at the hearth outlet ensure 3%-6%; S5, passing in the secondary air, and making it stay in the hearth with the flue gas after the garbage burns at least 1 minute under the environment of at least 850℃ to decompose dioxin; S6, cooling the combustion flue gas, and discharging it into the flue gas purification system; S7, the flue gas purification system comprises a dust removal module, a first purification module and a second purification module arranged in sequence, respectively removes the smoke dust in the flue gas through the dust removal module, removes the chlorides and sulfides in the flue gas through the first purification module, removes the dioxin in the flue gas through the second purification module, and discharges the treated flue gas; The dust removal module in S7 comprises spray dust removal, and the flue gas enters from the bottom of the spray area on both sides after deceleration, and a direct communication blowdown device is arranged directly below the spray area; The first purification module in S7 reacts with and eliminates the chlorides and sulfides in the flue gas by uniformly spraying lime powder around, and the second purification module removes the remaining dioxin in the flue gas by uniformly spraying activated carbon powder around; The flue gas purification system mainly comprises a purification cylinder, a vertical purification column is rotatably installed in the middle of the purification cylinder, an adsorption cavity, a chemical cavity and a dust falling cavity are sequentially arranged in the purification column from top to bottom, and are communicated with the inside of the purification column through the nozzles arranged on the outside of the purification column correspondingly, and a feeding pipe extends into the top of the purification column, the feeding pipe comprises three pipes, i.e. a first conveying branch pipe, a second conveying branch pipe and a third conveying branch pipe, activated carbon powder can be conveyed into the adsorption cavity through the first conveying branch pipe, lime powder can be conveyed into the chemical cavity through the second conveying branch pipe, and water body can be conveyed into the dust falling cavity through the third conveying branch pipe; two smoke inlet pipes for passing in flue gas are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the purification cylinder, so that the flue gas can be dusted by the water mist sprayed from the dust falling cavity, the chlorides and sulfides can be removed by the lime powder sprayed from the chemical cavity, and the dioxin can be removed by the activated carbon powder sprayed from the adsorption cavity.

2. A method of adjusting the combustion of a waste-to-energy plant boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: In S1, a dedicated garbage vehicle is used to transport and stack the garbage into the garbage dump pool for 5-7 days, and the stacked garbage is stirred to dry the internal moisture of the garbage during the stacking process.

3. A method of adjusting the combustion of a waste-to-energy plant boiler as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the garbage power station starting and ignition combustion supporting system is used for combustion heating, so that the whole hearth is uniformly heated from cold state to more than 850℃, then the fermented garbage is fed into the incinerator in batches by the garbage grab bucket, and is stacked on the grate in the hearth by the pushing device.

4. A method of combustion adjustment of a waste-to-energy plant boiler as claimed in claim 3, wherein: Reasonable adjustment of the pushing device pushing speed and layer baffle, control each grate layer thickness, the layer baffle is pre-adjusted to the horizontal position, by the pushing device feeding speed control grate layer thickness.

5. A method of adjusting the combustion of a waste-to-energy plant boiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: The in-furnace processing section in S3 includes drying section, incineration section and burnout section in sequence, and each section of garbage stays on each processing section in the furnace for at least 1 hour.

6. A method of combustion adjustment of a waste-to-energy plant boiler as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The fire line position on the grate is controlled to prevent the furnace temperature from being too high and the load from fluctuating greatly, and the upper grate at least circulates 15 times.

7. A method of adjusting the combustion of a waste-to-energy plant boiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: In S4, multiple air inlets are distributed on the top of the furnace and arranged in a ring shape, so that the primary air is introduced from multiple points to uniformly contact the garbage combustion surface, so as to ensure the oxygen amount and achieve further sufficient combustion.

8. A method of adjusting the combustion of a waste-to-energy plant boiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: In S6, a water cooling pipeline is arranged outside the flue gas discharge channel and closely installed, the water cooling pipeline exchanges heat with the flue gas through the inner wall of the flue gas discharge channel, so as to rapidly reduce the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas and control the temperature to be at most 200℃, reduce the residence time of the flue gas in the temperature range of 250℃-500℃, and control the generation of dioxin.

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