A fully synthetic cutting fluid and its preparation method and application

Abstract

This application relates to a fully synthetic cutting fluid, its preparation method, and its application. The fully synthetic cutting fluid comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts organic acid; 10-20 parts organic base; 1-5 parts rust inhibitor; 10-30 parts polyether; 5-15 parts polyether ester; 0.1-0.3 parts flocculant; 0.1-0.5 parts bactericide; 0.1-0.5 parts wetting agent; and 8.7-63.7 parts water. The fully synthetic cutting fluid provided by this application exhibits excellent lubricity, cooling properties, defoaming properties, non-corrosiveness to metals, and biodegradability, making it environmentally friendly and cost-effective.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting fluid technology, and in particular to a fully synthetic cutting fluid, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Cutting fluid is an industrial liquid used to cool and lubricate cutting tools and workpieces during metal cutting and grinding processes. It is scientifically formulated with various functional additives, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional soap-based emulsions, such as easy odor in summer, difficulty in dilution in winter, and poor rust prevention. It also has no adverse effects on lathe paint. Fully synthetic cutting fluids, because they do not contain mineral oils, have many advantages such as cooling, cleaning, stability, and long service life. Furthermore, being oil-free, fully synthetic cutting fluids do not produce oil mist or smoke, are transparent, and have excellent antibacterial properties, which helps extend equipment life, improve processing efficiency, and protect the environment. The cutting and grinding of ferrous metals places higher demands on fully synthetic cutting fluids, requiring higher lubrication performance as well as excellent cooling, rust prevention, defoaming, and cleaning properties.

[0003] Ferrous metals, including iron and iron-based alloys such as steel and cast iron, are among the most important metals in industry, playing a vital role in the national economy. Their superior physical and chemical properties make them widely used in numerous fields, including but not limited to machinery manufacturing, defense, petrochemicals, metallurgy, automobile manufacturing, construction, aerospace, and energy. However, the high hardness, strong wear resistance, and poor thermal conductivity of ferrous metals make their machining processes challenging and demanding.

[0004] The cutting fluid formulations reported so far have certain problems in terms of environmental protection, lubrication, and stability. These problems mainly stem from the use of additives that are not easily biodegradable, corrode reactive metals, easily generate foam, and alter the properties of the cutting fluid. These additives can affect the performance and cost of the cutting fluid, as well as harm human health or damage the environment.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a new fully synthetic cutting fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a fully synthetic cutting fluid, its preparation method, and its application.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a fully synthetic cutting fluid, wherein, by weight, the constituent raw materials of the fully synthetic cutting fluid include:

[0008]

[0009] The fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in this application possesses excellent lubricity, cooling properties, defoaming properties, non-corrosiveness to metals, and biodegradability, making it environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Specifically:

[0010] The fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in this application, through the compound combination of polyether and polyether ester, possesses both excellent cooling properties and superior extreme pressure lubrication. This application does not use corrosion inhibitors or defoamers, and its own system can achieve a non-corrosive effect on ferrous metals, etc., and has excellent anti-foaming properties. In addition, all components in the formulation of this application are biodegradable, which can reduce pollution to the environment and human health, save resources, and reduce waste liquid treatment costs.

[0011] in,

[0012] The organic acid can be 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, etc.

[0013] The organic base may be 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, etc.

[0014] The rust inhibitor can be 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, etc.

[0015] The polyether can be in quantities of 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, 26 parts by weight, 28 parts by weight, etc.

[0016] The polyether ester can be 6 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, etc.

[0017] The settling agent can be 0.15 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight, 0.25 parts by weight, etc.

[0018] The bactericide can be 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight, etc.

[0019] The wetting agent can be 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight, etc.

[0020] The water can be in quantities of 10 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, etc.

[0021] This application must strictly limit the content of polyether and polyether ester within the scope of this application. Since both polyether and polyether ester have strong polarity, when the content of polyether or polyether ester is too high, the electronic polarity is enhanced, which seriously affects the stability of the rust inhibitor in the cutting fluid on the protective film on the metal surface, causing the metal surface to oxidize and rust rapidly, and thus the rust prevention performance deteriorates. In addition, the excessive content of polyether or polyether ester will also lead to increased costs; when the content of polyether or polyether ester is too low, the lubrication performance of the cutting fluid will decrease.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the polyether is selected from polypropylene ether and / or polyether polyol.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the polypropylene ether is selected from any one or a combination of two or more of polyether 1740, polyether 1720 or polyether 2520.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the polyether is selected from a combination of polypropylene ether and polyether polyol.

[0025] The polyether provided in this application has good solubility, lubricity, and anti-wear properties. The polyether provided in this application is composed of multiple ether bonds (-O-). The ether bonds on the polyether molecular chain can form a stable lubricating film at high temperatures, effectively reducing the coefficient of friction and wear rate, and improving cutting efficiency and quality.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the polyether ester is selected from any one or a combination of two or more of polyethylene malonic acid, hexanediol malonic acid, and butylene malonic acid.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the polyether ester is selected from polyethylene malonic acid ester.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the polyether ester is selected from polyethylene malonic acid ester with a molecular weight of 2110, such as smin polyether ester 2110.

[0029] The molecular weights mentioned in this application all refer to the average molecular weight.

[0030] The polyether ester provided in this application has good solubility, lubricity, and wear resistance. The polyether ester provided in this application is composed of multiple alternating ether bonds (-O-) and ester groups (-COO-). The strongly polar ester bonds in the polyether ester molecular chain can form hydrogen bonds with hard segments, acting as elastic crosslinking points, thereby enhancing the rigidity and wear resistance of the material.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the mass ratio of the polyether to the polyether ester is (1-6):(1-3), such as 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 2:3, 3:2, 4:3, 5:2, 5:3, etc., preferably 4:1.

[0032] This application utilizes a compound of polyether and polyether ester to create a cutting fluid that can form a stable lubricating film at high temperatures, effectively reducing the coefficient of friction and wear rate, and improving cutting efficiency and quality. Simultaneously, the polyether ester provided in this application exhibits excellent extreme pressure properties, resisting wear under high loads and extending tool life. The combination of these two additives gives the fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in this application excellent lubricity and extreme pressure anti-wear properties, meeting the requirements of various machining conditions for metals, especially ferrous metals.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the organic acid is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of the following: tricarboxylic acid, neodecanoic acid, isodecanoic acid, or sebacic acid.

[0034] This application uses organic acids to adjust the pH value of the cutting fluid within a suitable range, thus preventing changes in the pH value of the cutting fluid due to external factors during the cutting process, thereby maintaining the stability and rust prevention properties of the cutting fluid.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the organic acid is selected from a combination of tricarboxylic acid, neodecanoic acid, isodecanoic acid and sebacic acid.

[0036] This application utilizes the compounding of organic acids to give the cutting fluid excellent buffering and rust-preventing properties.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the organic base is selected from 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and / or triethanolamine.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the organic base is selected from a combination of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and triethanolamine.

[0039] This application uses organic alkali to adjust the pH value of the cutting fluid within a suitable range to ensure the stability and rust prevention of the cutting fluid. Through the compounding of organic alkalis, this application enables the cutting fluid to possess buffering and rust-preventing properties, while simultaneously improving its lubrication and cooling performance.

[0040] The fully synthetic cutting fluid formulation of this application does not contain corrosion inhibitors. By selecting optimal organic bases and organic acids and controlling their content ratio, the cutting fluid itself achieves non-corrosiveness to ferrous metals such as iron, chromium, and manganese, which can save costs and is environmentally friendly.

[0041] To improve the wettability of cutting fluid, this application employs a wetting agent. During use, the wetting agent must ensure the cutting fluid maintains good wettability to facilitate sufficient contact between the cutting fluid and the metal surface, thereby improving cutting efficiency and quality.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the wetting agent is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of the C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene propylene ethers.

[0043] The wetting agent provided in this application contains both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups, enabling it to form a monolayer at the water / oil interface, reducing interfacial tension and allowing water or oil to more easily contact the metal surface, thereby increasing wetting effect. Simultaneously, this wetting agent can form a bridging layer between the cutting fluid and the metal surface, increasing compatibility and adhesion. By combining with polyethers and polyether esters, it improves the lubricity and extreme pressure performance of the cutting fluid. Furthermore, this wetting agent can form a thin film on the cutting fluid surface, preventing external contaminants from entering and thus improving its anti-fouling ability.

[0044] During machining, metal materials and equipment workpieces are subject to corrosion from external factors such as air, moisture, acids, and alkalis, leading to surface oxidation or corrosion, which affects the metal's performance and appearance, and reduces machining quality and lifespan. Therefore, this application introduces a rust inhibitor into the fully synthetic cutting fluid formulation, which can form a protective film on the metal surface, preventing external factors from reacting with the metal and achieving rust prevention and protection.

[0045] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the rust inhibitor is selected from acyl amino acids and / or benzotriazole.

[0046] The rust inhibitor provided in this application can effectively prevent metals, especially ferrous metals, from being oxidized and corroded during the cutting process, thereby improving the surface quality and smoothness of the workpiece.

[0047] During machining, friction and wear between the cutting fluid and the metal material generate a large amount of metal shavings and dust. These solid particles are suspended in the cutting fluid, affecting its fluidity and cleanliness, and reducing cutting efficiency and quality. Therefore, this application introduces a flocculant into the fully synthetic cutting fluid formulation. This flocculant can combine with metal shavings and dust to form large particle agglomerates, which then settle to the bottom of the cutting fluid under gravity, achieving sedimentation and separation.

[0048] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the settling agent is selected from polyquaternary ammonium salt-2.

[0049] The settling agent provided in this application can effectively remove metal chips and dust generated during the cutting process, ensuring the fluidity and cleanliness of the cutting fluid, and improving cutting efficiency and quality.

[0050] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the bactericide is selected from 3-iodo-2-propynyl-N-n-butylcarbamate, which can effectively promote reagglomeration and sedimentation in the cutting fluid, thereby improving the stability and lifespan of the cutting fluid.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the total mass of the fully synthetic cutting fluid is 100 parts by weight.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the fully synthetic cutting fluid further includes 0.4-0.6 parts by weight of a corrosion inhibitor.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the corrosion inhibitor is selected from copper corrosion inhibitors.

[0054] When the fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in this application is used for cutting non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, titanium, copper, and magnesium, or when non-ferrous metal tools are used in the machining process, copper corrosion inhibitors are added to prevent corrosion of the workpiece or tools. This application does not require the addition of phosphate ester-based aluminum corrosion inhibitors to achieve good aluminum corrosion inhibition performance, which can effectively prevent corrosion of non-ferrous metals, especially aluminum or aluminum alloys.

[0055] The fully synthetic cutting fluid formulation provided in this application uses additives such as polyether, polyether ester, organic base, and organic acid, which are easily decomposed by microorganisms into harmless substances and water. It will not cause persistent pollution in the natural environment, can naturally disappear, and has biodegradability. At the same time, by controlling the content of each component and reducing the amount of surfactant in the formulation, it has excellent antifoaming properties without the addition of defoamer.

[0056] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing the fully synthetic cutting fluid described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0057] (1) Mix the prescribed amounts of organic base, organic acid and water to obtain the first solution;

[0058] (2) Mix the remaining components to obtain a second solution;

[0059] (3) The first solution and the second solution are mixed to obtain the fully synthetic cutting fluid.

[0060] As a preferred technical solution of this application, step (1) further includes mixing polyether ester, organic base and water, adding organic acid to obtain a first solution.

[0061] In this application, polyether ester and organic base are first mixed, and an acid-base neutralization reaction can occur between them, making the acidic part of the polyether ester molecular chain neutral, thereby reducing the content of acidic substances in the cutting fluid, reducing the ionic strength of the liquid, increasing the intermolecular repulsion, making the liquid more stable at high temperatures, less prone to phase separation or precipitation, thereby increasing the cloud point, which helps to ensure that the cutting fluid maintains its performance during high-temperature cutting and avoids problems or affecting the cutting quality.

[0062] As a preferred technical solution of this application, step (3) further includes filtering and sterilizing the mixture of the first solution and the second solution obtained.

[0063] The filtration process in this application removes impurities and particles from the cutting fluid, and the sterilization process ensures the quality and safety of the product.

[0064] Thirdly, this application provides the application of the fully synthetic cutting fluid described in the first aspect in metal cutting processes.

[0065] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0066] 1. This application achieves excellent lubrication and cooling properties in the prepared fully synthetic cutting fluid through the compounding of polyether and polyether ester.

[0067] 2. The fully synthetic cutting fluid formulation of this application uses biodegradable components, which is environmentally friendly, pollution-free, resource-saving, and reduces waste liquid treatment costs.

[0068] 3. The fully synthetic cutting fluid formulation of this application does not use aluminum corrosion inhibitors and defoamers. Through its own system, it can achieve the effect of being non-corrosive to ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals, and has excellent biological stability and anti-foaming performance. Attached Figure Description

[0069] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0070] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0071] Figure 1 The SRV test results are for the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 1-5. Figure 1 ;

[0072] Figure 2The SRV test results are for the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 1-5. Figure 2 ;

[0073] Figure 3 The tapping torque results of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 6-11 on the 316Ti test block are shown.

[0074] Figure 4 The tapping torque results of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 6-11 on the high-temperature alloy test blocks are shown.

[0075] Figure 5 SRV test results of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 6-11 Figure 1 ;

[0076] Figure 6 SRV test results of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 6-11 Figure 2 ;

[0077] Figure 7 The results are from the circulating foam test of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Example 12 and Comparative Examples 3-6. Detailed Implementation

[0078] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the solution of this application will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0079] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0080] The sources of some of the raw materials involved in the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0081] Tribasic acid: Haoruisen (Beijing) Energy Technology Co., Ltd.; Neodecanoic acid: Mobil Corporation; Isomerized decanoic acid: Nanjing Gutian Chemical Co., Ltd.; Rust inhibitor 685-2: Nuotai Biotechnology; Polyether 1740: BASF; Polyether 1720: BASF; Polyether 2520: BASF; EPA1500: Tianjin Zuanquan Technology Development Co., Ltd.; Simin 2110: Simin Oil Chemical Co., Ltd.; Simin 3260: Simin Oil Chemical Co., Ltd.; Polybutylene propylene glycol TP-435: Sanhe Runyi New Materials (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd.; WT: Runlin Chemical Materials (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.; Bactericide IPBC: Suzhou Haerte Chemical Co., Ltd.; GT90: Nanjing Gutian Chemical Co., Ltd.; Corrosion inhibitor 714: Nuotai Biotechnology.

[0082] Examples 1-5

[0083] This embodiment provides a fully synthetic cutting fluid and its preparation method. The raw materials and their contents of the fully synthetic cutting fluid are shown in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0088] (1) Add the prescribed amounts of organic base, polyether ester and water to the first reaction vessel, stir and mix evenly, add organic acid, and mix evenly to obtain the first solution;

[0089] (2) Add the remaining components to the second reaction vessel and stir to mix evenly to obtain the second solution;

[0090] (3) Slowly add the first solution to the second solution, stir and mix evenly until the solution becomes a pale yellow transparent liquid, filter and sterilize to obtain the fully synthetic cutting fluid.

[0091] Performance Test 1

[0092] Friction and wear tests were conducted on the cutting fluids obtained in Examples 1-5.

[0093] The experimental materials and testing methods are as follows:

[0094] Test block: A high-temperature alloy is used as the test block. Its chemical formula is Ni-Cr-Mo-V-Fe, its hardness is HRC 40-45, and its density is 8.2 g / cm³.

[0095] Cutting tool: A type of YG8 microsphere is used as the cutting tool. Its chemical formula is WC-Co, its hardness is HRA89.5-90.5, and its density is 14.6-14.9 g / cm³.

[0096] Testing instrument: SRV-5 friction and wear testing machine manufactured by Optimal GmbH, Germany;

[0097] Test parameters: load 100N, distance 2mm, frequency 20Hz, temperature 30℃, time 5min.

[0098] The SRV test results of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 1-5 are as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, where Figure 2 This is a magnified view of the first 50 seconds.

[0099] Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be observed that the fully synthetic cutting fluids obtained in Examples 1-5 all have excellent lubrication performance. Among them, the fully synthetic cutting fluid obtained in Example 1 stabilizes the fastest in the first 50 seconds of wear period and has a lower maximum coefficient of friction during the break-in period, resulting in the best lubrication effect.

[0100] Examples 6-11

[0101] This embodiment provides a fully synthetic cutting fluid and its preparation method. The raw materials and their contents of the fully synthetic cutting fluid are shown in Table 2.

[0102] Table 2

[0103]

[0104] The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0105] (1) Add the prescribed amounts of organic base, polyether ester and water to the first reaction vessel, stir and mix evenly, add organic acid, and mix evenly to obtain the first solution;

[0106] (2) Add the remaining components to the second reaction vessel and stir to mix evenly to obtain the second solution;

[0107] (3) Slowly add the first solution to the second solution, stir and mix evenly until the solution becomes a pale yellow transparent liquid, filter and sterilize to obtain the fully synthetic cutting fluid.

[0108] Performance Test 2

[0109] Tapping experiments were conducted on the fully synthetic cutting fluids obtained in Examples 6-11.

[0110] (1) The experimental materials and testing methods are as follows:

[0111] Test block: 316Ti stainless steel was used as the test block. Its chemical formula is Ni-Cr-Mo-Fe-Ti, its hardness is HRC-30-35, and its density is 8.0 g / cm³. 316Ti stainless steel is a derivative of 316 stainless steel with titanium stability, exhibiting excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion and high-temperature strength.

[0112] Cutting tool: Carbide TTT T_M4F-T high-precision extruded tap;

[0113] Testing instrument: TTTsystem G8 tapping torque tester manufactured by Microtap GmbH, Germany;

[0114] Test parameters: speed 400rpm, depth 10mm, maximum torque 400Ncm.

[0115] The test results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The tapping torque results of the fully synthetic cutting fluid prepared in Examples 6-11 on the 316Ti test block are shown.

[0116] Table 3

[0117] sample Maximum torque / Ncm Average torque / Ncm ΔT / ℃ Example 6 288 230.50 20.83 Example 7 258 219.92 17.83 Example 8 278 229.37 21.77 Example 9 245 206.14 18.17 Example 10 206 174.58 15.20 Example 11 220 188.51 17.07

[0118] From Table 3 and Figure 3 It is evident that by compounding different types of polyethers and polyether esters, the lubrication and cooling performance of fully synthetic cutting fluids can be effectively improved, meeting cutting requirements. A comparison of Examples 6-8 shows that when the polyether is a compound of polypropylene ether and polyether polyol, the resulting fully synthetic cutting fluid exhibits the lowest average torque and the lowest tool temperature rise ΔT, indicating that the fully synthetic cutting fluid obtained by compounding different types of polyethers possesses excellent lubrication and cooling performance. A comparison of Examples 9-11 shows that when the polyether ester is polyethylene malonate, especially Smin 2110, the resulting fully synthetic cutting fluid exhibits the lowest average torque and temperature rise, indicating that when the polyether ester is polyethylene malonate, the resulting fully synthetic cutting fluid possesses excellent lubrication and cooling performance.

[0119] (2) The experimental materials and testing methods are as follows:

[0120] Test block: A high-temperature alloy is used as the test block. Its chemical formula is Ni-Cr-Mo-V-Fe, its hardness is HRC-40-45, and its density is 8.2 g / cm³.

[0121] Cutting tool: Carbide TTTT_M4F-T high-precision extruded tap;

[0122] Testing instrument: TTTsystem G8 tapping torque tester manufactured by Microtap GmbH, Germany;

[0123] Test parameters: speed 400rpm, depth 10mm, maximum torque 400Ncm.

[0124] The test results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The tapping torque results of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 6-11 on the high-temperature alloy test blocks are as follows:

[0125] Table 4

[0126] sample Maximum torque / Ncm Average torque / Ncm ΔT / ℃ Example 6 321 253.26 27.37 Example 7 345 252.45 27.63 Example 8 318 253.84 27.63 Example 9 310 247.47 24.97 Example 10 275 215.22 27.13 Example 11 320 241.52 31.00

[0127] From Table 4 and Figure 4It is evident that by compounding different types of polyethers and polyether esters, the lubrication performance of fully synthetic cutting fluids can be effectively improved, meeting the cutting requirements of high-temperature alloys. A comparison of Examples 6-11 shows that the average torque of the fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in Example 10 is significantly lower than that of the other examples, indicating that when the polyether is a compound of polypropylene ether and polyether polyol, and the polyether ester is polyethylene malonic acid ester, especially when it is Simin 2110, the fully synthetic cutting fluid exhibits the best lubrication performance.

[0128] Performance Test 3

[0129] Friction and wear tests were conducted on the fully synthetic cutting fluids obtained in Examples 6-11.

[0130] (1) The experimental materials and testing methods are as follows:

[0131] Test specimens: Four Class II steel balls of the GB / T 308-2002 standard for rolling bearing steel balls were used as test specimens. The material was CGr15, the diameter was 12.7 mm, and the hardness was between HRC64 and 66.

[0132] Testing instrument: Four-ball friction and wear tester;

[0133] Test parameters: speed 1450rpm, leverage ratio 20x.

[0134] The test results are shown in Table 5:

[0135] Table 5

[0136] sample PB / kgf PD / kgf Example 6 47 120 Example 7 50 120 Example 8 50 126 Example 9 52 126 Example 10 54 200 Example 11 50 160

[0137] As shown in Table 5, the fully synthetic cutting fluid prepared in this application has excellent extreme pressure resistance. When the polyether is a compound of polypropylene ether and polyether polyol, and the polyether ester is polyethylene malonic acid ester, especially when it is Simin 2110 (Example 10), the fully synthetic cutting fluid has the best extreme pressure resistance.

[0138] (2) The experimental materials and testing methods are as follows:

[0139] Test block: A high-temperature alloy is used as the test block. Its chemical formula is Ni-Cr-Mo-V-Fe, its hardness is HRC 40-45, and its density is 8.2 g / cm³.

[0140] Cutting tool: A type of YG8 microsphere is used as the cutting tool. Its chemical formula is WC-Co, its hardness is HRA89.5-90.5, and its density is 14.6-14.9 g / cm³.

[0141] Testing instrument: SRV-5 friction and wear testing machine manufactured by Optimal GmbH, Germany;

[0142] Test parameters: load 100N, distance 2mm, frequency 20Hz, temperature 30℃, time 5min.

[0143] The SRV test results of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Examples 6-11 are as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0144] Depend on Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be observed that the fully synthetic cutting fluid prepared in this application has excellent lubrication performance. When the polyether is a compound of polypropylene ether and polyether polyol, and the polyether ester is polyethylene malonic acid ester, especially when it is Simin 2110 (Example 10), the obtained fully synthetic cutting fluid tends to stabilize the fastest in the first 50 seconds of wear period, has the best lubrication effect, and can reduce the wear period.

[0145] Performance Test 4

[0146] The biostability and degradation properties of the fully synthetic cutting fluids obtained in Examples 6-11 were tested.

[0147] The test method was performed in accordance with GB / T 21803-2008, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

[0148] Table 6

[0149]

[0150] As shown in Table 6, the fully synthetic cutting fluid prepared in this application has excellent biodegradability. Among them, the fully synthetic cutting fluid prepared in Example 10 has a biodegradability rate of 98%.

[0151] Examples 12-13 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0152] This embodiment and comparative example provide a fully synthetic cutting fluid and its preparation method. The raw materials and their contents of the fully synthetic cutting fluid are shown in Table 7.

[0153] Table 7

[0154]

[0155] The preparation method is the same as in Examples 6-11.

[0156] Performance Test 5

[0157] Rust and corrosion resistance tests.

[0158] The fully synthetic cutting fluids obtained in Examples 12-13 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were diluted with water at a ratio of 95:5, and the diluents were subjected to corrosion and rust prevention tests in accordance with GB / T6144-2010.

[0159] The test results are shown in Table 8:

[0160] Table 8

[0161]

[0162] As shown in Table 8, the fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in this application, by selecting appropriate organic acids and organic bases and limiting their content, and combining the two, makes the prepared cutting fluid have excellent rust prevention and slow-release properties. Through the balance of acid and base, the cutting fluid system is non-corrosive to various metals that may be present during the processing without the addition of aluminum corrosion inhibitors.

[0163] Comparative Examples 3-6

[0164] This comparative example provides a fully synthetic cutting fluid and its preparation method, wherein the raw materials and contents of the fully synthetic cutting fluid and the preparation method are the same as those in Example 12;

[0165] The difference between this comparative example and Example 12 is that, in this comparative example, 0.1 parts by weight of defoamer MS575 (Comparative Example 3), 0.2 parts by weight of defoamer MS575 (Comparative Example 4), 0.1 parts by weight of defoamer DF-682 (Comparative Example 5), and 0.2 parts by weight of defoamer DF-682 (Comparative Example 6) were added respectively. The contents of other effective components remained unchanged, and the water content was reduced accordingly, so that the total weight of the fully synthetic cutting fluid was 100 parts by weight.

[0166] Performance Test 6

[0167] The antifoaming properties of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Example 12 and Comparative Examples 3-6 were tested in accordance with GB / T6144-2010.

[0168] The test results are shown in Table 9 and Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The results are from the circulating foam test of the fully synthetic cutting fluids prepared in Example 12 and Comparative Examples 3-6.

[0169] Table 9

[0170] project Defoaming time Example 12 6 Comparative Example 3 12 Comparative Example 4 8 Comparative Example 5 18 Comparative Example 6 7

[0171] From Table 9 and Figure 7 It is evident that the fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in this application exhibits excellent anti-foaming properties, with foam suppression comparable to or even faster than that achieved with the addition of 0.2 parts by weight of MS-575 and DF-682 defoamers, even without the addition of defoamer. This demonstrates that the fully synthetic cutting fluid provided in this application can effectively prevent the generation of bubbles during the cutting process, improve cutting efficiency and quality, and reduce cutting costs and environmental pollution.

[0172] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0173] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fully synthetic cutting fluid, characterized in that, The constituent raw materials of the fully synthetic cutting fluid, by weight, include: 10-20 parts by weight of organic acids; 10-20 parts by weight of organic base; Rust inhibitor 1-5 parts by weight; 10-30 parts by weight of polyether; 5-15 parts by weight of polyether ester; 0.1-0.3 parts by weight of settling agent; 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of bactericide; Wetting agent 0.1-0.5 parts by weight; Water 8.7-63.7 parts by weight; The polyether is selected from a combination of polypropylene ether and polyether polyol; The polyether ester is selected from polyethylene malonic acid ester; The mass ratio of the polyether to the polyether ester is 4:1; The organic acid is selected from a combination of tribasic acid, neodecanoic acid, isodecanoic acid and sebacic acid; The organic base is selected from a combination of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and triethanolamine; The rust inhibitor is selected from acyl amino acids and / or benzotriazole.

2. The fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyether ester is selected from polyethylene malonic acid ester with a molecular weight of 2110.

3. The fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wetting agent is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene propylene ethers. And / or, the settling agent is selected from polyquaternium salt-2; And / or, the bactericide is selected from 3-iodo-2-propynyl- N - n-Butylcarbamate.

4. The fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fully synthetic cutting fluid also includes 0.4-0.6 parts by weight of corrosion inhibitor.

5. The fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corrosion inhibitor is selected from copper corrosion inhibitors.

6. The method for preparing the fully synthetic cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Mix the prescribed amounts of organic base, organic acid and water to obtain the first solution; (2) Mix the remaining components to obtain a second solution; (3) The first solution and the second solution are mixed to obtain the fully synthetic cutting fluid.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step (1) also includes mixing polyether ester, organic base and water, adding organic acid to obtain a first solution.

8. The application of the fully synthetic cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-5 in metal cutting.

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