Near-earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention proposes a near-earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue and its preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing the coal gangue, soil, matrix quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite, and red clay, sieving them, and uniformly mixing them according to a mass ratio. Biochemical potassium fulvic acid is then added in a proportional amount, mixed evenly, and color confirmed to obtain a near-earth-colored soil matrix. This invention improves the near-earth-colored surface characteristics of the coal gangue-containing soil matrix, making the color of the coal gangue-containing soil matrix more similar to that of local soil. This method effectively supports the market application of coal gangue soil utilization technology and increases market acceptance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of coal-based solid waste, and in particular to a nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The matrix-based utilization of coal gangue soil has multiple benefits, including a large absorption capacity and potential for both ecological and agricultural utilization, and thus has broad market application prospects. In actual implementation, although some technologies have achieved the water and fertilizer retention functions of the artificial soil matrix of coal gangue through comprehensive measures such as coal gangue modification and the application of functional materials, effectively supporting the normal growth of ecological vegetation and crops, the visible differences between it and the soil limit its application in farmland reclamation around coal mines and in gangue production areas. Specifically, the acceptance of the return of reclaimed land to farmers is generally low. The existence of this problem has greatly restricted the local promotion of the matrix-based utilization technology of coal gangue soil. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a near-earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue and a preparation method thereof. These methods can enhance the near-earth-colored surface characteristics of the soil matrix containing coal gangue, making the color of the soil matrix containing coal gangue closer to that of local soil.

[0004] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue, comprising: a uniformly mixed base material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay, wherein the mass ratio of the base material, the red soil, the vermiculite and the red clay is 100:(10-30):(5-15):(0.5-1.5), wherein the base material comprises coal gangue and soil.

[0005] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the soil is (5-7): (3-4).

[0006] In some embodiments, the base material further comprises a matrix quality improving material.

[0007] In some embodiments, the substrate quality improvement material includes one or more of organic fertilizer, biochar, humic acid, bacterial fertilizer, and water retaining agent.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the base material, the mass ratio of coal gangue, soil and matrix quality improvement material is (50-70): (30-40):12.

[0009] In some embodiments, the base material, red soil, vermiculite, and red clay have a particle size of less than 3 mm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the gangue-based earth-colored soil matrix further includes biochemical potassium fulvic acid.

[0011] In some embodiments, the mass of the biochemical potassium fulvic acid accounts for 1-3% of the mass of the base material.

[0012] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned coal gangue-based earth-colored soil matrix, comprising the following steps: crushing the coal gangue, soil, matrix quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay, sieving them, mixing them evenly according to the mass ratio, and then adding biochemical potassium humate in proportion, mixing them evenly, and obtaining the earth-colored soil matrix after color confirmation.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method for color confirmation includes the following steps: visually or using a colorimeter to measure the color of the prepared soil matrix, and comparing it with the color of the local soil. If there is a large color difference, the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite, red clay and biochemical potassium fulvic acid powder or solution is adjusted. If the color is close to the local soil, the soil matrix is ​​soaked with water and fully mixed to form a muddy state, and then air-dried; after the soil matrix is ​​air-dried, the color is measured again by visual inspection or a colorimeter, or the air-dried soil matrix is ​​first crushed and then visually inspected or colorimetered. Carry out color measurement. If there is a large color difference, adjust the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement materials, red soil, vermiculite, red clay and biochemical potassium humate powder or solution. If it is close to the color of local soil, use simulated rainfall and / or simulated irrigation on the initially prepared soil matrix, then carry out surface tillage disturbance treatment, and then measure the color. If there is a large color difference, continue to adjust the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement materials, red soil, vermiculite, red clay and biochemical potassium humate powder or solution. If it is close to the color of local soil, it indicates that the prepared soil matrix is ​​a near-earth-colored soil matrix. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0015] in:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a photo of a nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue prepared by the preparation method of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a photo of a nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue prepared by the preparation method of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3This is a physical comparison diagram of a soil matrix with surface tillage disturbance treatment (lower half) and a soil matrix without surface tillage disturbance treatment (upper half) in the color confirmation method of an embodiment of the present invention after simulated irrigation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The gangue-based earth-colored soil matrix and its preparation method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue, comprising: a uniformly mixed base material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay, wherein the mass ratio of the base material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay is 100:(10-30):(5-15):(0.5-1.5), wherein the base material comprises coal gangue and soil.

[0022] By adding gangue, red soil, vermiculite, and red clay to the soil, the present invention improves the near-soil surface characteristics of the gangue-containing soil matrix, making the color of the gangue-containing soil matrix more similar to that of local soil. This effectively supports the market application of gangue soil utilization technology and improves its market acceptance. Furthermore, the red soil, vermiculite, and red clay used are all mineral materials, resulting in stable results.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the base material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay is limited to 100: (10-30): (5-15): (0.5-1.5) because within this ratio range, the color adjustment effect of the soil matrix is ​​more obvious, making the color of the soil matrix closer to the color of the soil (khaki), and the cost can also be controlled.

[0024] It should be noted that red soil, vermiculite, and red terracotta were chosen as color-adjusting materials because they are all red or yellow, which more closely resembles the natural color of the soil and facilitates color adjustment. Furthermore, colorimetric measurements show that the main difference between the color of the soil matrix and the local soil lies in the a and b values. The gangue itself has lower a and b values, indicating that adjusting the a and b values ​​of the soil matrix can adjust soil color. The a value represents red-green, and the b value represents yellow-blue. Therefore, red soil, vermiculite, and red terracotta were selected as color-adjusting materials. However, some other materials offer poor color-adjusting effects, while others are relatively expensive and impractical. For example, even at relatively low concentrations, ferric oxide can cause the soil to turn red, significantly different from the yellow color of typical soil. Colorimetric measurements show that ferric oxide has a significant effect on the a value, exceeding that of local soil at a concentration of 100:1. However, its effect on the b value is limited, resulting in a relatively stable total color difference of above 8. However, due to its high unit price, its use is not recommended. For example, even at a high dosage of 20% of the base material weight, yellow zeolite powder and yellow calcium-based bentonite had a weak effect on the soil matrix's background color, making it difficult to exert a regulatory effect. Colorimetric measurements showed that yellow zeolite powder and yellow calcium-based bentonite had a limited impact on the a-value of the mixed matrix. At a dosage of 100:20, neither reached the a-value level of local soil. Their impact on the b-value was also relatively limited, showing no significant advantage, and their use is not recommended.

[0025] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of gangue to soil is (5-7):(3-4), preferably 3: 2. More gangue is used than soil because a large amount of gangue solid waste is consumed to be made into soil for reuse.

[0026] In some embodiments, the base material further comprises a matrix quality improvement material, which not only enhances the near-soil surface characteristics of the soil matrix but also improves the soil quality, thereby achieving coordinated regulation of soil characteristics and soil quality.

[0027] In some embodiments, the substrate quality improvement material includes one or more of organic fertilizer, biochar, humic acid, bacterial fertilizer, and water retaining agent.

[0028] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of coal gangue, soil, and matrix quality improvement material in the base material is (50-70):(30-40):12, preferably 60:40:12. More coal gangue is used than soil because a large amount of coal gangue solid waste is consumed and converted into soil for reuse.

[0029] In some embodiments, the particle size of the base material, red soil, vermiculite, and red clay is less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2 mm.

[0030] Furthermore, the particle size of the base material, red soil, vermiculite, and red clay is controlled by sieving. Controlling the particle size to less than 2 mm facilitates mixing, improves the uniformity of the mixture, and achieves a better mixing effect. It also reduces the amount of mechanical crushing required.

[0031] It should be noted that if the particle size is controlled too small, such as controlled at less than 1mm, the amount of mechanical crushing required will be large and the crushing will need to be finer; if the particle size is controlled too large, such as controlled at less than 5mm, the volume of the material particles will be large, reducing the uniformity of the mixing and resulting in a poor mixing effect.

[0032] In some embodiments, the gangue-based earth-colored soil matrix further includes biochemical potassium fulvate. Biochemical potassium fulvate is a chemical toning material used to supplement and consolidate the toning effect. Biochemical potassium fulvate is also a good soil conditioner without any toxic side effects.

[0033] In some embodiments, the mass of biochemical potassium fulvic acid accounts for 1-3% of the mass of the base material. Limiting the amount to 1-3% can make the toning effect more significant without causing excessive costs.

[0034] Furthermore, the biochemical potassium fulvic acid may be in the form of powder or solution. If it is a solution, the mass of the solute accounts for 1 to 3% of the mass of the base material.

[0035] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned coal gangue-based earth-colored soil matrix, comprising the following steps: crushing the coal gangue, soil, matrix quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay, sieving them, mixing them evenly according to the mass ratio, and then adding biochemical potassium humate in proportion, mixing them evenly, and obtaining the earth-colored soil matrix after color confirmation.

[0036] The preparation method adopted in the embodiment of the present invention can improve the near-soil surface characteristics of the soil matrix containing coal gangue, making the soil matrix containing coal gangue closer in color to the local soil, providing effective guarantees for the market application of coal gangue soil utilization technology, improving market recognition, and is simple to operate. It can be used in combination with other coal gangue artificial soil matrix preparation technologies.

[0037] Furthermore, the crushed and sieved coal gangue, soil, matrix quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay are mixed evenly using dry powder mixing equipment.

[0038] Furthermore, the particle sizes of the coal gangue, soil, substrate quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay screened out during screening are less than 3 mm.

[0039] In some embodiments, the method of color confirmation includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Dry color measurement: Measure the color of the prepared soil matrix visually or with a colorimeter and compare it with the color of the local soil. If there is a large color difference, adjust the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement materials, red soil, vermiculite, red clay and biochemical potassium humate powder or solution. If the color is close to the local soil, perform wet color measurement.

[0041] S2, Wet Color Measurement: The soil matrix from step S1 is soaked with water and thoroughly mixed to form a sludge, then air-dried. After air-drying, the soil matrix is ​​color-measured again using visual inspection or a colorimeter. Alternatively, the air-dried soil matrix is ​​first pulverized and then color-measured using visual inspection or a colorimeter. If significant color difference is observed, the amounts of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite, red clay, and biochemical potassium fulvic acid powder or solution are adjusted. If the color of the soil matrix approximates the color of local soil, the soil matrix is ​​color-measured under simulated rainfall irrigation.

[0042] S3. Color measurement under simulated rainfall and irrigation conditions: The soil matrix is ​​subjected to simulated rainfall and / or simulated irrigation, followed by surface tillage and disturbance treatment, and then color measurement is performed (using a colorimeter or visual inspection throughout the process). If there is a large color difference, the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement material, red soil, vermiculite, red pottery clay, and biochemical potassium humate powder or solution is further adjusted. If the color is close to that of the local soil, it indicates that the prepared soil matrix is ​​a near-earth-colored soil matrix.

[0043] It should be noted that the need for surface tillage and disturbance treatment mentioned in step S3 is because after the soil matrix has been subjected to simulated rainfall and / or simulated irrigation, the surface particle components of the soil matrix are separated under the action of water, and each material will show its own color separately, rather than the color after the dry mixture, so surface tillage and disturbance treatment is required. For a comparison of the before and after surface tillage and disturbance treatment, see Figure 3 . Figure 3 The upper part of the image shows clearly separated particles. Figure 3 From the lower part, it can be seen that after the surface tillage and disturbance treatment, the various materials of the soil matrix are evenly mixed and show the color of the mixture.

[0044] It should be noted that, mentioned in step S2, soil matrix is ​​soaked with water and then mixed and air-dried again, is to consider the color change situation of soil matrix under the influence of water.Because find that different materials are different to the impact of immersion stirring in process of the test, after wherein some material application, the dry state of soil matrix and the colorimetric state and the color perception after immersion stirring have large differences, therefore need to carry out this step.Back mentioned adopts simulated rainfall and / or simulated irrigation to soil matrix, then carries out surface layer plowing disturbance process, closer to field actual application state, under the state of field irrigation and natural precipitation, is the step that does not have to mix, but owing to may cause the granular state of some mineral materials to separate, therefore need adopt surface layer plowing disturbance process (gently turning over), further observe the effect after surface layer plowing disturbance process.

[0045] The soil matrix used in step S3 is not a further treatment of the air-dried soil matrix from step S2. Instead, it is the soil matrix initially prepared in step S1, subjected to simulated irrigation and precipitation. Only after the colorimetric measurement of the soil matrix prepared in step S1 meets the requirements for both the dry state in step S1 and the wet state in step S2 is the colorimetric measurement of the soil matrix prepared in step S1 performed under simulated rainfall irrigation in step S3.

[0046] The color confirmation method of the embodiment of the present invention comprehensively considers the color conditions under various scenarios, such as the dry state, the influence of water immersion disturbance, and the influence of natural and artificial water replenishment, avoids the characterization error under a single condition, and performs final confirmation with engineering-oriented chromaticity characterization as the core. The steps are clear, the scenarios are comprehensive, the results are reliable, and it is operational.

[0047] Furthermore, when simulated rainfall and irrigation are applied to the soil matrix, the water content of the soil matrix is ​​set to 75%-95%.

[0048] Furthermore, when the surface of the soil matrix after the simulated rainfall and the simulated irrigation is subjected to a tillage disturbance treatment, the soil matrix with a depth of less than 10 cm is manually or mechanically disturbed.

[0049] Furthermore, the method of simulating rainfall is to use a watering can to simulate the watering method. The method of simulating irrigation is to use a watering can to simulate the watering method.

[0050] The present invention is further described below through specific examples.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] S1, crushing coal gangue, soil, biochar, humic acid, bacterial fertilizer, water retaining agent, and diammonium phosphate to a particle size of less than 2 mm, and mixing them to form a base matrix;

[0053] S2, crushing red soil, vermiculite and red clay into particles less than 2 mm for later use;

[0054] S3, the base material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay are mixed in a mass ratio of 100:15:10:1 to form a soil matrix of nearly earth color, such as Figure 1 As shown, the color has been confirmed and meets the requirements.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] S1, crushing coal gangue, soil, biochar, humic acid, bacterial fertilizer, water retaining agent, diammonium phosphate, etc. to a particle size of less than 2 mm, and mixing them to form a base matrix;

[0057] S2, crushing red soil, vermiculite and red clay into particles less than 2 mm for later use;

[0058] S3, mixing the base material, red soil, vermiculite, and red clay in a mass ratio of 100:20:8:0.5 to form a soil matrix A.

[0059] S4, dissolve the biochemical potassium fulvic acid accounting for 2% of the base material mass, spray it completely on the soil matrix A, and mix to form the soil matrix B, such as Figure 2 As shown, after color confirmation, it meets the requirements and soil matrix B is a soil matrix close to earth color.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0061] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue, characterized in that: include: A uniformly mixed base material, red soil, vermiculite and red clay, wherein the mass ratio of the base material, the red soil, the vermiculite and the red clay is 100:(10-30):(5-15):(0.5-1.5), wherein the base material includes coal gangue and soil, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the soil is (5-7):(3-4), and the base material also includes a matrix quality improvement material, wherein the matrix quality improvement material includes one or more of organic fertilizer, biochar, humic acid, bacterial fertilizer and water retaining agent, and in the base material, the mass ratio of the coal gangue, soil and matrix quality improvement material is (50-70):(30-40):

12.

2. The nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the base material, the red soil, the vermiculite and the red clay are less than 3 mm.

3. The nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes biochemical potassium fulvate.

4. The gangue-based earth-colored soil matrix according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass of the biochemical potassium fulvic acid accounts for 1-3% of the mass of the basic material.

5. A method for preparing a nearly earth-colored soil matrix based on coal gangue according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: crushing coal gangue, soil, matrix quality improvement materials, red soil, vermiculite and red clay, sieving them, mixing them evenly according to a mass ratio, then adding biochemical potassium fulvic acid powder or solution in proportion, mixing them evenly, and obtaining a soil matrix with a near earth color after color confirmation.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The color confirmation method includes the following steps: Measure the color of the prepared soil matrix visually or with a colorimeter and compare it with the color of the local soil. If there is a large color difference, adjust the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement materials, red soil, vermiculite, red clay, and biochemical potassium fulvic acid powder or solution. If the color is close to the local soil, saturate the soil matrix with water and mix it thoroughly to form a muddy state, and then air-dry it. After the soil matrix is ​​air-dried, the color is measured again by visual inspection or a colorimeter, or the air-dried soil matrix is ​​first crushed and then the color is measured by visual inspection or a colorimeter. If there is a large color difference, the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement materials, red soil, vermiculite, red clay and biochemical potassium humate powder or solution is adjusted. If the color is close to that of the local soil, the initially prepared soil matrix is ​​subjected to simulated rainfall and / or simulated irrigation, and then the surface is plowed and disturbed, and then the color is measured. If there is a large color difference, the amount of coal gangue, matrix quality improvement materials, red soil, vermiculite, red clay and biochemical potassium humate powder or solution is continued to be adjusted. If the color is close to that of the local soil, it indicates that the prepared soil matrix is ​​a near-earth-colored soil matrix.

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