A high-speed electroslag remelting device and a remelting smelting method

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-speed electroslag remelting apparatus and remelting method, belonging to the field of electroslag metallurgical technology. The electroslag remelting apparatus of this invention includes a magnetic field generating and moving device, a metal consumable electrode and its blowing system, an ultrasonic generator, and a crystallizer. During the remelting process, argon gas is introduced through pores in the core of the metal consumable electrode. Ultrasonic treatment affects the vibration of the metal consumable electrode. Under the combined effect of these two factors, the formation and dripping of droplets at the end of the consumable electrode can be accelerated. Simultaneously, by setting up the magnetic field generating device, the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field and the remelting current ensures that the droplets drip evenly onto the molten metal pool, rather than the core. The remelting method adopted by the remelting apparatus of this invention accelerates the remelting speed without reducing the solidification quality of the remelted ingot, which is beneficial for improving production efficiency and reducing energy consumption per ton of steel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electroslag metallurgy technology, and more specifically, relates to a high-speed electroslag remelting device and remelting method that couples electrode blowing, ultrasonic vibration and electromagnetic stirring. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag remelting, as a special metallurgical method, plays an important role in the preparation of high-quality metallic materials, especially iron-based and nickel-based alloys. However, electroslag remelting also has many drawbacks that limit its application. The most prominent of these is its slow remelting rate and low production efficiency. In the electroslag remelting process, the remelting rate of the consumable electrode and the solidification quality are contradictory. Increasing the remelting rate of the consumable electrode leads to a deeper molten pool, thus deteriorating the solidification quality of the metal and reducing its various properties. Conversely, decreasing the remelting rate of the consumable electrode, while improving solidification quality, reduces production efficiency and increases power consumption, thereby increasing the cost per ton of steel and reducing market competitiveness. Therefore, maximizing the remelting rate while ensuring the solidification quality of the metal has been a long-standing challenge for the electroslag metallurgy industry.

[0003] A search revealed existing patents addressing the aforementioned issues. For example, Chinese patent application number 201510888712.6, entitled "A High-Speed, Low-Inclusion Electroslag Remelting Device and Method Thereof," addresses this problem by vertically installing an ultrasonic waveguide rod at the center of the water tank at the bottom of the crystallizer. Its purpose is to break up molten metal droplets through ultrasonic vibration, promoting the absorption of inclusions by the slag. Another example is Chinese patent application number 201520137985.2, entitled "A Device for Introducing Ultrasonic Waves in Electroslag Remelting." This application simultaneously arranges ultrasonic devices at the bottom and sides of the crystallizer, primarily aiming to remove inclusions and improve crystallization quality. Both applications utilize a combination of ultrasonic waves and electroslag remelting to address the relatively poor solidification quality of traditional electroslag remelting, but still suffer from drawbacks in production efficiency.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent application number 200910010241.3, entitled "An Electroslag Remelting Device and Method with External Electromagnetic Stirring," aims to improve the solidification structure of the cast billet by adding external electromagnetic stirring during the electroslag remelting process, but it has no effect on promoting the remelting speed. Other similar patents concerning the combination of electroslag remelting and magnetic fields, such as Chinese patent applications numbered 200910050347.7, 201310017421.0, 201510178541.8, 201910760149.2, 201320838387.9, and 201320727046.4, all mention using magnetic fields or electromagnetic stirring to improve the solidification quality of materials or purify molten steel, but they do not mention improving the remelting speed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. The problem to be solved

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of low efficiency, high power consumption, and difficulty in guaranteeing the solidification quality of metal in the existing electroslag remelting process, and to provide a high-speed electroslag remelting device. Using this device for electroslag remelting can effectively solve the above problems.

[0007] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a smelting method for electroslag remelting using the above-mentioned device, which accelerates the remelting speed without reducing the solidification quality of the remelted ingot, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing energy consumption per ton of steel.

[0008] 2. Technical Solution

[0009] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] Firstly, this invention provides a high-speed electroslag remelting device, including a crystallizer and a metal consumable electrode, characterized in that it further includes an ultrasonic waveguide and a magnetic field generating device, wherein:

[0011] One end of the metal consumable electrode is inserted below the liquid surface of the slag pool in the crystallizer, and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic waveguide rod. An argon gas channel is machined through the center of the cross-section of the metal consumable electrode along its length.

[0012] A magnetic field generating device is installed around the outer wall of the crystallizer at the location of the slag pool, and there is a gap between the magnetic field generating device and the outer wall of the crystallizer.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the aperture of the argon gas channel is 5-20 mm, and the argon gas channel is connected to the argon gas access system.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, one end of the ultrasonic waveguide is vertically disposed on the side of the metal consumable electrode, and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic generator.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic field generating device is movably installed on the outer wall of the crystallizer via a vertical adjustment mechanism, and the gap between the magnetic field generating device and the outer wall of the crystallizer is 5-10 mm.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the vertical adjustment mechanism includes a vertical rod, a horizontal arm, and a lead screw. The magnetic field generating device is fixedly installed on the horizontal arm, and the horizontal arm is movably installed on the vertical rod via the lead screw. The drive end of the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the speed-regulating motor.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention also provides a high-speed electroslag remelting smelting method, which uses the remelting device described in the present invention for electroslag remelting, specifically including the following steps:

[0018] Step 1, Slag Formation: Slag is formed by graphite electrodes in the crystallizer of the electroslag remelting device. After the slag system is completely melted, the graphite electrodes are removed and the metal consumable electrode is sent into the crystallizer to start smelting.

[0019] Step 2: Gas supply and ultrasonic vibration of the metal consumable electrode: After the metal consumable electrode has been remelted and stabilized, adjust the argon gas supply to enter the working mode; at the same time, turn on the ultrasonic generator to emit ultrasonic waves and enter the normal remelting mode.

[0020] Step 3: When the height of the remelted ingot reaches the diameter of the crystallizer, start the magnetic field generator. At the same time, as the remelting process proceeds, gradually adjust the position of the magnetic field generator upwards.

[0021] Step 4: After remelting, turn off the power, ultrasonic generator, and magnetic field generator, and stop the argon gas supply. Remelting is now complete.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step one, argon gas is introduced in advance before the metal consumable electrode is fed into the crystallizer, with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.15 MPa and a flow rate of 10 to 50 L / h.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step two, when the height of the remelted ingot reaches 20-50 mm, the argon gas flow rate is adjusted and the vibration device is turned on; the argon gas pressure is adjusted to 0.1-0.15 MPa, the flow rate to 20-100 L / h, and the ultrasonic power to 10-20 W / cm. 2 The frequency is 10-20kHz.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step three, the top of the magnetic field generating device is always located 10 to 30 mm below the liquid surface of the slag pool in the crystallizer, and the magnetic field strength is set to 10 to 200 mT.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step three, during the remelting process, the upward movement speed of the magnetic field generating device satisfies the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] Where V: the upward speed of the magnetic field generating device, in mm / min; v: the remelting rate of the remelted ingot, in g / min; ρ: the density of the remelted ingot, in g / mm³. 3 D: Inner diameter of the metal consumable electrode, in mm.

[0028] 3. Beneficial effects

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The high-speed electroslag remelting apparatus of the present invention, by setting an ultrasonic waveguide, a magnetic field generating device, and processing an argon gas channel in the middle of the metal consumable electrode, can improve the melting speed and production efficiency without reducing the solidification quality during electroslag remelting by blowing gas into the electrode, ultrasonic vibration, and applying a magnetic field. Specifically, during electroslag remelting, the ultrasonic waveguide can promote the convergence of the molten metal film around the end of the metal consumable electrode to the cone of the electrode; at the same time, processing an argon gas channel at the center of the metal consumable electrode can cause the molten metal droplets that have converged at the cone to fall off earlier, thereby increasing the melting speed and reducing energy consumption. In addition, by setting a magnetic field around the slag pool, the electromagnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnetic field and the remelting current can cause the molten metal droplets that have fallen off earlier to fall evenly into the molten metal pool, rather than the core, thereby avoiding the formation of a deep molten metal pool.

[0031] (2) The high-speed electroslag remelting device of the present invention, by designing the aperture of the argon gas channel to be 5-20 mm, can make the molten metal droplets drip down quickly without causing excessive fluctuations in the slag pool, thereby affecting the remelting process.

[0032] (3) In a high-speed electroslag remelting device of the present invention, the gap between the magnetic field generating device and the outer wall of the crystallizer is controlled to be 5-10 mm, thereby ensuring that the magnetic field can be transmitted to the slag pool and the molten metal droplets to the maximum extent, ensuring that the molten metal droplets fall evenly into the molten metal pool, and facilitating the smooth up-and-down movement of the magnetic field generating device along the outer wall of the crystallizer. More optimized, the electroslag remelting device of the present invention also provides a vertical adjustment mechanism to realize real-time automatic adjustment of the position of the magnetic field during the electroslag remelting process, so as to ensure that the magnetic field applies electromagnetic force to the molten metal droplets in real time and ensures that the molten metal droplets fall completely and evenly into the molten pool.

[0033] (4) The high-speed electroslag remelting smelting method of the present invention uses the remelting device of the present invention for electroslag remelting. By optimizing its operation steps and control parameters, the efficiency of electroslag remelting can be significantly improved and the solidification quality of metal can be guaranteed.

[0034] (5) In a high-speed electroslag remelting smelting method of the present invention, the magnetic field generating device moves upward at a certain speed during the remelting process, so that the top position of the magnetic field generating device is always 10-30mm below the surface of the slag pool, and the height of the magnetic field generating device is set to 1 / 2 of the depth of the slag pool. This arrangement can achieve two beneficial effects: 1) The electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field is mainly located in the upper part of the slag pool, avoiding the generation of electromagnetic force in the lower part of the slag pool to prevent the molten slag from being drawn into the molten metal pool; 2) The electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field is located below the slag surface, avoiding excessive fluctuation of the slag surface that could lead to air entrainment. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electroslag remelting apparatus of the present invention;

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 1. Ultrasonic waveguide; 2. Argon gas inlet system; 3. Metal consumable electrode; 4. Power supply; 5. Magnetic field generator; 6. Crystallizer; 7. Horizontal arm; 8. Column; 9. Slag pool; 10. Molten metal pool; 11. Ultrasonic generator; 12. Speed-regulating motor; 13. Lead screw; 14. Molten metal droplet; 15. Remelted ingot. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0039] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," "connection," "fixing," "screw connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various components shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale; for example, the thickness or width of some layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-speed electroslag remelting device, which includes a crystallizer 6, a metal consumable electrode 3, a power supply 4, and an ultrasonic generator 11. The two ends of the power supply 4 are connected to the bottom of the crystallizer 6 and the metal consumable electrode 3, respectively. Specifically, the metal consumable electrode 3 in this embodiment is a hollow electrode structure. One end of it is inserted below the liquid surface of the slag pool 9 in the crystallizer 6, and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic waveguide rod 1. An argon gas channel is machined through the center of the cross-section of the metal consumable electrode 3 along its length. The argon gas channel is connected to the argon gas access system 2. The metal consumable electrode 3 as a whole forms a hollow electrode structure with a self-blowing structure.

[0044] One end of the ultrasonic waveguide 1 is vertically welded to the side of the metal consumable electrode 3, and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic generator 11. The ultrasonic waveguide 1 causes the metal consumable electrode 3 to vibrate slightly, thereby promoting and accelerating the convergence of the liquid metal film around the end of the metal consumable electrode 3 towards the cone portion of the electrode. Argon gas introduced into the middle of the metal consumable electrode 3 causes the liquid metal droplets 14 that have converged at the cone portion to detach earlier, thus increasing the melting rate and reducing energy consumption.

[0045] Meanwhile, a magnetic field generating device 5 is installed around the outer wall of the crystallizer 6 at the location of the slag pool 9. The magnetic field generating device 5 is movably installed on the outer wall of the crystallizer 6 via a vertical adjustment mechanism, and a gap is left between the magnetic field generating device 5 and the outer wall of the crystallizer 6. This arrangement ensures that the magnetic field can be transmitted to the slag pool 9 and the molten metal droplets 14 to the maximum extent, ensuring that the molten metal droplets 14 drip evenly into the molten metal pool 10. It also allows the magnetic field generating device 5 to move smoothly up and down along the outer wall of the crystallizer 6. Through the arrangement of the magnetic field generating device 5, the electromagnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnetic field around the slag pool 9 and the remelting current can cause the prematurely detached molten metal droplets 14 to drip evenly into the molten metal pool, rather than into the core, thereby avoiding the formation of a deep molten metal pool. When in use, the magnetic field generating device 5 can be moved and installed on the outer wall of the crystallizer 6 via a vertical adjustment mechanism as the remelting operation proceeds. Specifically, during the remelting process, the magnetic field generating device 5 moves upward at a certain speed, so that the upper part of the magnetic field generating device 5 is always 10-30mm below the surface of the slag pool 9, and the height of the magnetic field generating device 5 is only 1 / 2 of the depth of the slag pool 9. This arrangement can achieve two beneficial effects: 1) The electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field is mainly located in the upper part of the slag pool 9, avoiding the generation of electromagnetic force in the lower part of the slag pool 9 that would cause the molten slag to be drawn into the molten metal pool; 2) The electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field is located below the slag surface, avoiding excessive fluctuation of the slag surface that would cause air to be drawn in.

[0046] In this embodiment of the electroslag remelting apparatus, through the aforementioned structural design, the melting rate of the metal consumable electrode 3 is significantly increased under the action of ultrasound and argon, thus improving the efficiency of electroslag remelting. However, this also brings new challenges: molten droplets will directly drip into the core of the molten metal pool, resulting in a deeper molten metal pool and poorer solidification quality. Therefore, it is necessary to further study this problem. Through extensive experimental research, the applicant discovered that further optimization of the electroslag remelting apparatus of this invention, by installing a magnetic field generating device 5 around the outer wall of the crystallizer 6 at the location of the slag pool 9, allows the molten metal droplets 14 to drip evenly into the molten metal pool rather than the core under the action of the magnetic field, thereby avoiding the formation of a deep molten metal pool. Therefore, under the combined action of ultrasound, argon, and magnetic field, the melting rate can be accelerated without affecting the solidification quality of the remelted ingot 15.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-speed electroslag remelting device, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1. The main difference between the two is that the aperture of the argon gas channel is 5-20 mm, and the argon gas channel is connected to the argon gas inlet system. Under the action of the argon gas flow, the metal droplets at the cone can fall off in advance, thereby increasing the melting speed. In this embodiment, the aperture size is designed to allow the molten metal droplets to fall quickly without causing excessive fluctuations in the slag pool, thus affecting the remelting process. If the aperture is too small, the blown argon gas cannot promote the falling of the molten metal droplets at the electrode cone in time; if the aperture is too large, although it can promote the falling of the droplets, the large argon bubbles will cause the slag pool to tumble, making the remelting process unstable or even interrupted. Therefore, the aperture setting of 5-20 mm can both promote the rapid falling of the molten metal droplets and ensure that the remelting process proceeds smoothly.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-speed electroslag remelting device, whose structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2. The main difference between the two embodiments is that the vertical adjustment mechanism includes a vertical rod 8, a horizontal arm 7, and a lead screw 13. The magnetic field generating device 5 is fixedly installed on the horizontal arm 7, and the horizontal arm 7 is movably installed on the vertical rod through the lead screw 13. The driving end of the lead screw 13 is connected to the output shaft of the speed-regulating motor 12. By setting the speed of the speed-regulating motor 12, the rotation speed of the lead screw 13 is adjusted, thereby driving the horizontal arm 7 and the magnetic field generating device 5 to move upward. The main purpose of moving the magnetic field generating device 5 is to ensure that the magnetic field is always 10-30 mm below the surface of the slag pool 9. This can prevent the electromagnetic force from causing excessive fluctuations in the slag surface, which would lead to air entrapment, and can also prevent the generation of excessively strong electromagnetic force at the bottom of the slag pool, which would cause the molten slag to be drawn into the molten metal pool, thus effectively ensuring the solidification quality of the metal.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, based on the remelting apparatus of Examples 1-3, this embodiment discloses a high-speed electroslag remelting smelting method using electrode blowing, ultrasonic vibration, and magnetic field coupling. The electroslag remelting using the remelting apparatus of this invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1, Slag Formation: Slag is formed in the crystallizer 6 of the electroslag remelting device using graphite electrodes. After the slag system is completely melted, the graphite electrodes are removed, and the metal consumable electrode 3 is sent into the crystallizer 6 to start smelting. In this step, argon gas is introduced in advance before the metal consumable electrode 3 is sent into the crystallizer 6. The argon gas channel has a diameter of 5 mm, an argon gas pressure of 0.12 MPa, and an argon gas flow rate of 20 L / h.

[0054] Step 2: Gas supply and ultrasonic vibration of metal consumable electrode 3: After the metal consumable electrode 3 is remelted and stabilized, adjust the argon gas supply to enter the working mode. The argon gas pressure is 0.12 MPa and the argon gas flow rate is 40 L / h. At the same time, turn on the ultrasonic generator 11 to emit ultrasonic waves with an ultrasonic power of 10 W / cm². 2 It enters normal remelting mode;

[0055] Step 3: When the height of the remelted ingot 15 reaches the diameter of the crystallizer 6, turn on the magnetic field generator 5. The top of the magnetic field generator 5 is located 10mm below the surface of the slag pool, and the magnetic field strength is controlled at 50mT. At the same time, the longitudinal moving structure of the magnetic field generator 5 gradually moves upward as the remelting progresses. The moving speed is determined by the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] Where V: the upward movement speed of the magnetic field generating device 5, in mm / min; v: the remelting speed of the remelted ingot 15, in g / min; ρ: the density of the remelted ingot 15, in g / mm³. 3 D: Inner diameter of metal consumable electrode 3, in mm.

[0058] Step 4: After remelting, turn off the power, argon gas, ultrasonic vibration device, magnetic field generator and its longitudinal movement mechanism. Remelting is now complete.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] The high-speed electroslag remelting method in this embodiment has the same basic steps as in Embodiment 4, except that: in this embodiment, during the normal remelting stage, the argon flow rate is adjusted to 60 L / h and the ultrasonic power is adjusted to 14 W / cm. 2 The magnetic field strength is 80 mT.

[0061] Example 6

[0062] The high-speed electroslag remelting method in this embodiment has the same basic steps as that in Embodiment 4, except that:

[0063] In step one, the argon gas channel has an aperture of 15 mm, the argon gas pressure is 0.12 MPa, and the argon gas flow rate is 20 L / h.

[0064] In step two, the argon gas pressure is 0.15 MPa and the argon gas flow rate is 50 L / h; simultaneously, the ultrasonic generator 11 is turned on to emit ultrasonic waves with a power of 15 W / cm². 2 ;

[0065] In step three, the top of the magnetic field generating device 5 is located 30 mm below the surface of the slag pool, and the magnetic field strength is controlled at 200 mT.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] The high-speed electroslag remelting method in this embodiment has the same basic steps as that in Embodiment 4, except that:

[0068] In step one, the argon gas channel has an aperture of 20 mm, the argon gas pressure is 0.1 MPa, and the argon gas flow rate is 10 L / h.

[0069] In step two, the argon gas pressure is 0.15 MPa and the argon gas flow rate is 100 L / h; simultaneously, the ultrasonic generator 11 is turned on to emit ultrasonic waves with a power of 20 W / cm². 2 ;

[0070] In step three, the top of the magnetic field generating device 5 is located 15mm below the surface of the slag pool, and the magnetic field strength is controlled at 10mT.

[0071] Example 8

[0072] The basic steps of the high-speed electroslag remelting smelting method in this embodiment are as follows:

[0073] Step 1, Slag Formation: Slag is formed in the crystallizer 6 of the electroslag remelting device using graphite electrodes. After the slag system is completely melted, the graphite electrodes are removed, and the metal consumable electrode 3 is sent into the crystallizer 6 to start smelting. In this step, argon gas is introduced in advance before the metal consumable electrode 3 is sent into the crystallizer 6. The argon gas channel has a diameter of 10 mm, an argon gas pressure of 0.14 MPa, and an argon gas flow rate of 40 L / h.

[0074] Step 2: Gas supply and ultrasonic vibration of metal consumable electrode 3: After the metal consumable electrode 3 is remelted and stabilized, adjust the argon gas supply to enter the working mode. The argon gas pressure is 0.14 MPa and the argon gas flow rate is 100 L / h. At the same time, turn on the ultrasonic generator 11 to emit ultrasonic waves with an ultrasonic power of 18 W / cm². 2 It enters normal remelting mode;

[0075] Step 3: When the height of the remelted ingot 15 reaches the diameter of the crystallizer 6, turn on the magnetic field generator 5. The top of the magnetic field generator 5 is located 20mm below the surface of the slag pool, and the magnetic field strength is controlled at 100mT. At the same time, the longitudinal moving structure of the magnetic field generator 5 gradually moves upward as the remelting progresses. The moving speed is determined by the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Where V: the upward movement speed of the magnetic field generating device 5, in mm / min; v: the remelting speed of the remelted ingot 15, in g / min; ρ: the density of the remelted ingot 15, in g / mm³.3 D: Inner diameter of metal consumable electrode 3, in mm.

[0078] Step 4: After remelting, turn off the power, argon gas, ultrasonic vibration device, magnetic field generator and its longitudinal movement mechanism. Remelting is now complete.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] This comparative example of an electroslag remelting method uses a conventional metal consumable electrode. This metal consumable electrode is not hollow and does not have an argon gas channel. During the remelting process, only ultrasonic waves are applied, and no magnetic field is applied. The ultrasonic control parameters are the same as in Example 4.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] This comparative example is an electroslag remelting method that does not apply a magnetic field, but the remaining operation steps and control parameters are the same as in Example 4.

[0083] Comparative Example 3

[0084] This comparative example is an electroslag remelting method that does not use ultrasound; the remaining operation steps and control parameters are the same as in Example 4.

[0085] Comparative Example 4

[0086] In this comparative example, an electroslag remelting method is implemented using the metal consumable electrode 3 of the present invention. The magnetic field generating device 5 is turned on, and the control parameters of the magnetic field generating device 5 are the same as those in Example 4. Ultrasonic waves are not applied, and the magnetic field generating device 5 maintains its initial position and does not move during the remelting process.

[0087] Comparative Example 5

[0088] In this comparative example, an electroslag remelting method is implemented using the metal consumable electrode 3 of the present invention, ultrasonic waves are applied, and the magnetic field generating device 5 is turned on. The control parameters of the ultrasonic waves and the magnetic field generating device 5 are the same as those in Example 4. During the remelting process, the magnetic field generating device 5 maintains its initial position and does not move.

[0089] Comparative Example 6

[0090] In this comparative example, an electroslag remelting method is implemented using the metal consumable electrode 3 of the present invention, ultrasonic waves are applied, and a magnetic field generating device 5 is turned on. The control parameters of the ultrasonic waves and the magnetic field generating device 5 are the same as those in Example 4. During the remelting process, the magnetic field generating device 5 moves upward at a uniform speed (3 mm / min).

[0091] The relevant detection indicators in the electroslag remelting smelting of Examples 4-8 and Comparative Examples 1-6 are shown in the table below:

[0092] Table 1. Detection index results of Examples 4-8 and Comparative Examples 1-6

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] As shown in Table 1, the technical solution of the present invention can significantly improve the melting speed, which is higher than 500 kg / h. At the same time, the depth of the molten metal pool is relatively shallow, which is less than 180 mm. Compared with comparative examples 1-6, not only is the melting speed significantly improved, but also excellent metal solidification quality is guaranteed.

[0096] More specifically, although exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described herein, the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but includes any and all embodiments modified, omitted, such as combinations between various embodiments, adaptive changes, and / or substitutions, as would be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing detailed description. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly as used in the language of the claims and are not limited to the examples described in the foregoing detailed description or during the implementation of this application, which should be considered non-exclusive. Any step listed in any method or process claim may be performed in any order and is not limited to the order set forth in the claims. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined solely by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, and not by the description and examples given above.

[0097] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In case of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail. When a rate, pressure, temperature, time, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or a range defined by a series of upper and lower preferred values, this shall be understood to specifically disclose all ranges formed by any pair of any upper or preferred value with any lower or preferred value, regardless of whether such range is disclosed individually. For example, the range 1-50 should be understood to include any number, combination of numbers, or subrange selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50, as well as all decimal values ​​between the integers mentioned above, such as 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9. Regarding subranges, specifically consider "nested subranges" extending from any endpoint of the range. For example, nested sub-ranges of the exemplary range 1-50 may include 1-10, 1-20, 1-30 and 1-40 in one direction, or 50-40, 50-30, 50-20 and 50-10 in another direction.

Claims

1. A high-speed electroslag remelting apparatus, comprising a crystallizer (6) and a metal consumable electrode (3), characterized in that, It also includes an ultrasonic waveguide (1) and a magnetic field generator (5), wherein: One end of the metal consumable electrode (3) is inserted below the liquid surface of the slag pool (9) of the crystallizer (6), and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic waveguide rod (1). An argon gas channel is processed through the center of the cross-section of the metal consumable electrode (3) along its length. A magnetic field generating device (5) is installed around the outer wall of the crystallizer (6) at the location of the slag pool (9), and there is a gap between the magnetic field generating device (5) and the outer wall of the crystallizer (6); The argon channel has a diameter of 5~20mm and is connected to the argon inlet system (2); One end of the ultrasonic waveguide rod (1) is vertically disposed on the side of the metal consumable electrode (3), and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic generator (11). The magnetic field generating device (5) is movably installed on the outer wall of the crystallizer via a vertical adjustment mechanism, and the gap between the magnetic field generating device (5) and the outer wall of the crystallizer (6) is 5~10mm; During the remelting process, the magnetic field generating device (5) moves upward at a certain speed, so that the top position of the magnetic field generating device (5) is always 10~30mm below the surface of the slag pool (9), and the height of the magnetic field generating device (5) is set to 1 / 2 of the depth of the slag pool (9).

2. The high-speed electroslag remelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical adjustment mechanism includes a vertical rod (8), a horizontal arm (7) and a lead screw (13). The magnetic field generating device (5) is fixedly installed on the horizontal arm (7). The horizontal arm (7) is movably installed on the vertical rod (8) through the lead screw (13). The driving end of the lead screw (13) is connected to the output shaft of the speed regulating motor (12).

3. A high-speed electroslag remelting method, characterized in that: Electroslag remelting using the remelting apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 1, Slag formation: Slag is formed by graphite electrodes in the crystallizer (6) of the electroslag remelting device. After the slag system is melted, the graphite electrodes are removed and the metal consumable electrode (3) is sent into the crystallizer (6) to start smelting. Step 2, gas supply and ultrasonic vibration of metal consumable electrode (3): After the metal consumable electrode (3) is remelted and stabilized, adjust the argon gas supply to enter the working mode; at the same time, turn on the ultrasonic generator (11) to emit ultrasonic waves and enter the normal remelting mode. Step 3: When the height of the remelted ingot (15) reaches the height of the crystallizer (6) diameter, start the magnetic field generator (5). At the same time, as the remelting process proceeds, gradually adjust the position of the magnetic field generator (5) upwards. During the remelting process, the upward movement speed of the magnetic field generating device (5) satisfies the following formula: in, V The upward movement speed of the magnetic field generating device (5) is expressed in mm / min. :Remelting rate of remelted ingot (15), in g / min; ρ Density of remelted ingot (15), in g / mm³ 3 ; D : Inner diameter of the metal consumable electrode (3), in mm; Step 4: After remelting, turn off the power supply (4), ultrasonic generator (11) and magnetic field generator (5), and stop the argon gas supply. Remelting is now complete.

4. The high-speed electroslag remelting method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step one, before the metal consumable electrode (3) is fed into the crystallizer (6), argon gas is introduced in advance at a pressure of 0.1~0.15MPa and a flow rate of 10~50L / h.

5. The high-speed electroslag remelting method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step two, when the height of the remelted ingot reaches 20-50mm, adjust the argon gas flow rate and turn on the ultrasonic generator (11); adjust the argon gas pressure to 0.1-0.15MPa and the flow rate to 20-100L / h; adjust the ultrasonic power to 10-20W / cm. 2 The frequency is 10~20kHz.

6. The high-speed electroslag remelting method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step three, the top of the magnetic field generating device (5) is always located 10-30 mm below the liquid surface of the slag pool (9) in the crystallizer (6), and the magnetic field strength is set to 10-200 mT.

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