High-efficiency floating breakwater based on helmholtz water wave resonator

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of offshore engineering equipment design and manufacturing, and discloses a high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz water wave resonance cavity, which comprises a Helmholtz resonance cavity breakwater main body, a pile foundation and a non-powered lifting limiting auxiliary device. The breakwater main body is affected by tides or waves, and the change in sea level height leads to a change in buoyancy. The non-powered lifting limiting auxiliary device is used to realize lifting adjustment and self-position adjustment to ensure the wave-absorbing effect. The limiting hole and the limiting platform on the pile foundation constrain the position of the breakwater main body. The present application uses a Helmholtz resonance cavity and a local resonance type artificial periodic structure formed by the periodic arrangement of multiple Helmholtz resonance cavities, which can increase the wave-absorbing frequency band. The periodic arrangement of the Helmholtz resonance principle is an effective way to reduce and absorb long waves, and has the advantages of simple structure, excellent performance, strong modularization and significantly improved wave-absorbing performance when the Helmholtz resonance cavities with the same volume are arranged periodically.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of near-shore engineering equipment design and manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz wave resonant cavity. Background Technology

[0002] A breakwater is a port engineering structure used to resist the intrusion of waves, ice, and silt from the open sea, maintain the stability of the harbor waters, and ensure a safe operating environment for ships. Traditional breakwater types can be broadly categorized as sloping, vertical, and hybrid. The design concept primarily relies on the weight of the breakwater's cross-section to resist waves, minimizing wave height in the harbor basin behind the breakwater to meet normal ship operating standards. However, traditional breakwaters suffer from drawbacks such as high cost, high material consumption, complex technology, and significant environmental impact. Furthermore, the breakwater itself hinders water exchange between the open sea and the harbor basin, creating a closed waterway that deteriorates seawater quality and damages the nearby marine ecosystem. The shift towards "green development" in coastal and port development concepts makes traditional breakwaters unsuitable for current port development. Therefore, floating breakwater structures, due to their superior ecological characteristics and economic efficiency, are increasingly being used in breakwater projects.

[0003] As port construction gradually extends offshore, some overseas port areas are affected by medium- and long-period waves. These waves are characterized by long periods (generally over 10 seconds), high wave energy, and difficulty in being blocked by breakwaters, posing a significant threat to vessels within the port area. However, current design specifications for the stability of moored vessels within port areas primarily focus on limiting wave height and wind speed. Therefore, fully considering the influence of external loads and mooring systems, and studying the stability of moored vessels under the influence of medium- and long-period waves, is of great significance for improving the efficiency and safety of vessel operations at port terminals.

[0004] The Helmholtz resonator, the first sound "spectrum analyzer" in history, has become a commonly used instrument for amplification, sound reinforcement, and sound absorption thanks to continuous theoretical development and rapid advancements in sound technology. Today, in addition to its significant role in traditional fields such as musical instrument manufacturing, building noise control, and industrial technology optimization, the Helmholtz resonator is finding wider applications, either individually or in arrays, in breakwater damping, energy harvesting, automotive exhaust systems, jet engines, and air conditioning duct systems. Localized resonant artificial periodic structures formed by periodically arranging multiple Helmholtz resonators can increase the damping frequency band, and with their excellent vibration reduction and damping effects, they are gradually becoming a research hotspot in the field of medium- and long-wave damping control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to enhance the protection of operations in near-shore areas and surrounding waters of ports, and to improve the vibration reduction and wave dissipation effect for medium and long waves, this invention aims to propose a high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz wave resonant cavity.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz wave resonant cavity includes a Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater body, pile foundation, and a non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device.

[0008] The Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater body includes a Helmholtz resonant cavity main structure, a main body limiter, and an upper perforated cover. The upper perforated cover is placed on the pre-prepared mounting opening and reinforcing ribs on the Helmholtz resonant cavity main structure. The main body limiter is a stepped column with a large cylinder in the middle and small cylinders at both ends, and it is installed at the four corners of the Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater body. The Helmholtz resonant cavity main structure is separated from the upper perforated cover. Due to long-term operation, it is necessary to clean the marine organisms and marine pollutants accumulated inside the Helmholtz resonant cavity of the breakwater body. Separating the upper perforated cover from the Helmholtz resonant cavity main structure makes maintenance easier. The perforated holes on the upper perforated cover can ensure the airflow inside the Helmholtz resonant cavity of the breakwater body and can also serve as lifting holes for disassembly.

[0009] The main structure of the Helmholtz resonator includes the breakwater main structure cavity reinforcing ribs and steel plate skin, the breakwater main structure longitudinal reinforcing ribs and steel plate skin, and the breakwater main Helmholtz resonator. The main structure of the Helmholtz resonator is a breakwater main Helmholtz resonator enclosed by a square frame structure. Reinforcing ribs and steel plate skins are set at the four corners of the breakwater main Helmholtz resonator, and reinforcing ribs and steel plate skins are set on the top of the breakwater main Helmholtz resonator.

[0010] The breakwater body with a Helmholtz resonant cavity has a Helmholtz resonant cavity. Waves are transmitted to the Helmholtz resonant cavity of the breakwater body. Utilizing the energy reduction principle of inter-wave interference and turbulent wave dissipation, the fluid in the Helmholtz resonant cavity of the breakwater body undergoes mass vibration. The wall reflection generates a restoring force on the fluid, which increases the diffusion and dissipation of waves on the wave dissipation basis of the Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater body.

[0011] The pile foundation mainly consists of vertical piles, inclined reinforcing piles, a breakwater lifting and limiting platform, and a pile cap. The pile foundation is formed by inserting vertical piles and inclined reinforcing piles into the seabed and fixing them in the working area. The breakwater lifting and limiting platform is divided into an upper lifting and limiting platform and a lower lifting and limiting platform. The lower lifting and limiting platform and the vertical piles are integrally cast with reinforced concrete, while the upper lifting and limiting platform and the pile cap are integrally formed. The inclined reinforcing piles are installed on the upper lifting and limiting platform as an overall reinforcing support structure for the pile foundation, ensuring the reliable and stable position of the Helmholtz resonant cavity permeable breakwater. The pile cap is equipped with sliding tracks and rails.

[0012] The main limiter is installed in conjunction with the breakwater lifting and limiting platform. The two small cylinders at both ends of the main limiter pass through the limiting holes on the upper and lower lifting and limiting platforms, respectively, restricting the movement of the breakwater in the horizontal direction. The large cylinder of the main limiter is constrained by the breakwater lifting and limiting platform, limiting the breakwater's sway range. When the nearshore sea level is affected by tides or waves, under the action of buoyancy, the breakwater can freely adjust its vertical displacement and limitation through the main limiter and the non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device, playing a good role in maintaining and regulating the wave dissipation work.

[0013] The non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device includes two pairs of long connecting rods, namely the first pair and the third pair, a pair of short connecting rods, the second pair, bearings, steel wheels, and transmission rods. The first pair of connecting rods is connected to the hinged support on the pile foundation and the slide rail with a sliding rail. The third pair of connecting rods is connected to the hinged support on the main body and the slide rail with a sliding rail. The first pair and the third pair of connecting rods are respectively connected to the second pair of connecting rods. The steel wheel is mounted on the connecting rod on the same side of the first pair and the third pair of connecting rods through bearings. The three pairs of connecting rods are connected by transmission rods. When the non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device is working, it is adjusted through three pairs of connecting rods. The first pair of connecting rods and the third pair of connecting rods are respectively connected to the breakwater body and the breakwater lifting and limiting platform. The second pair of connecting rods is shorter. When the second pair of connecting rods is close to the first pair of connecting rods, the highest position limit is achieved. The maximum extension of the non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device is limited by the pile foundation and the slide rail of the breakwater body to achieve the lowest position limit. This prevents the large cylinder from excessively impacting the upper and lower lifting and limiting platforms during the heaving motion, and disperses the force to protect the pile foundation body.

[0014] Furthermore, during the operation of this Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater, the working height can be adjusted by utilizing changes in its own buoyancy, allowing the entire breakwater structure to operate without power.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. Existing breakwaters are insufficient for medium and long wave dissipation. The Helmholtz resonator adds wave train interference energy reduction and turbulent wave dissipation to the breakwater itself, thereby enhancing wave diffusion and dissipation.

[0017] 2. In addition to enabling the breakwater to rise and fall freely, the invention also features a limiting device that constrains the working area of ​​the breakwater, which helps reduce the collision between the breakwater and the column base, reduces the impact of the breakwater's heaving motion on the column base, and ensures the safety and stability of the working structure.

[0018] 3. The permeable breakwater does not obstruct the exchange of water between the open sea and the harbor basin, and has better ecological characteristics and economic benefits compared with the traditional fixed breakwater.

[0019] The present invention provides a high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz wave resonant cavity, which can freely adjust the working height range. The Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater, in combination with a permeable structure, can effectively dampen medium and long waves, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of nearshore and port areas. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall assembly of a Helmholtz resonant cavity permeable breakwater;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater described in this invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the permeable cover structure on the upper part of the breakwater according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of the Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater described in this invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pile foundation structure described in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device described in this invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device of the present invention, showing the two ends of the short connecting rod close to the minimum extension height after rotation.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater main body; 1-1 Helmholtz resonant cavity main structure; 1-1-1 Breakwater main structure cavity reinforcing ribs and steel plate skin; 1-1-2 Breakwater main structure longitudinal reinforcing ribs and steel plate skin; 1-1-3 Breakwater main body Helmholtz resonant cavity; 1-2 Main body limiter; 1-3 Hinge support and slide rail on the main body; 1-4 Breakwater upper perforated cover; 1-5 Breakwater upper perforated hole; 2 2-1 Vertical pile column, 2-2 Inclined reinforced pile column, 2-3 Pile foundation cap, 2-4 Breakwater lifting and limiting platform, 2-5 Hinged support on the column foundation cap, 2-6-1 Slide rail on the column foundation cap, 2-6-2 Slide rail on the slide rail, 3 Non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device, 3-1-1 First pair of connecting rods length, 3-1-2 Second pair of connecting rods short, 3-1-3 Third pair of connecting rods length, 3-2 Bearing and rotating rod, 3-3 Bearing and steel wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This invention allows for free adjustment of the working height range of the breakwater, improving the effective wave attenuation effect for medium and long waves.

[0029] This invention provides a high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz wave resonator. The breakwater comprises a main body 1, a main structure 1-1 of the Helmholtz resonator, a main body limiter 1-2, a hinged support and a slide rail 1-3 on the main body, and an upper perforated cover 1-4. The main structure of the breakwater is made of steel plate skin with reinforcing ribs. The breakwater is lightweight and has a low strength requirement for the main body limiter. To facilitate cleaning of the resonator's interior, the upper perforated cover is detachable and can be hoisted through the upper perforated hole 1-5. The Helmholtz resonator enhances the breakwater's wave-train interference energy reduction and turbulent wave dissipation, strengthening wave diffusion and dissipation, and improving the wave dissipation effect for medium and long waves.

[0030] The open-type breakwater pile foundation 2 is connected to the vertical pile column 2-1, the inclined reinforcing pile column 2-2, the pile foundation cap 2-3, and the breakwater lifting and limiting platform 2-4. The breakwater lifting and limiting platform 2-4 is connected to the main limiter 1-2. The pile foundation cap 2-3 is connected to the hinged support 2-5 on the pile foundation cap and the slide rail 2-6-2 on the slide rail. The hinged support is installed on the lower surface of the pile foundation cap. The breakwater lifting and limiting platform restricts the vertical movement range of the breakwater. The small-radius limiting column of the main limiter passes through the limiting hole on the limiting platform, restricting the movement of the breakwater in the horizontal direction. The large-radius limiting column of the breakwater is constrained by the limiting platform, restricting the heave range of the breakwater.

[0031] The non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device 3 consists of a first pair of connecting rods (long 3-1-1), a second pair of connecting rods (short 3-1-2), and a third pair of connecting rods (long 3-1-3). The connecting rods are connected by bearings and rotating rods 3-2. The bearings and steel wheels 3-3 are installed on the rotating rods at the top of the connecting rods on the same side as the first and third pairs of connecting rods. The device moves in conjunction with the hinged support on the main body and the slide rail 1-3 with the slide rail 2-6-2 on the slide rail. When the short connecting rods rotate and their two ends are close together, the minimum extension height of the structure is reached, which is the maximum sag height of the breakwater. When the top of the steel wheel of the long connecting rod is at the end of the slide rail away from the column, the maximum extension height of the structure is reached, which is the minimum sag height of the breakwater. The specific length of the connecting rods can be adjusted according to the specific sea conditions.

[0032] Working principle: When the sea state is medium to long wave, the Helmholtz resonant cavity is used to project the transmitted waves penetrating the front wall of the breakwater a second time and reflect them inside the cavity. The fluid inside the cavity undergoes mass vibration, and the wall reflection generates a restoring force on the fluid, enhancing wave diffusion and dissipation, effectively reducing the transmission of medium to long waves. Since tides and waves will change the water depth in the working area of ​​the breakwater or cause sea surface fluctuations, the breakwater itself can freely adjust its working area under the action of buoyancy. The range of movement is limited by the pile foundation structure to ensure its effective working range.

[0033] In this example, the Helmholtz resonant cavity permeable breakwater can also have multiple identical breakwater structures installed side-by-side according to the length of the protected sea area, achieving the same effect. In this example, the localized resonant artificial periodic structure formed by the periodic arrangement of multiple Helmholtz resonant cavity permeable breakwaters can increase the wave-damping frequency band.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz wave resonator, characterized in that, The high-efficiency floating breakwater based on the Helmholtz wave resonator includes the Helmholtz resonator breakwater body, pile foundation and non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device; The main body of the Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater includes the main structure of the Helmholtz resonant cavity, the main body limiter, and the upper open cover of the breakwater. The upper open cover of the breakwater is placed on the mounting opening and reinforcing ribs prepared on the main structure of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. The main body limiter is a stepped column with a large cylinder in the middle and small cylinders at both ends, which is installed at the four corners of the main body of the Helmholtz resonant cavity breakwater. The pile foundation mainly consists of vertical piles, inclined reinforcing piles, a breakwater lifting and limiting platform, and a pile cap. The pile foundation is formed by inserting vertical piles and inclined reinforcing piles into the seabed and fixing them in the working area. The breakwater lifting and limiting platform is divided into an upper lifting and limiting platform and a lower lifting and limiting platform. The lower lifting and limiting platform and the vertical piles are integrally cast with reinforced concrete, while the upper lifting and limiting platform and the pile cap are integrally formed. The inclined reinforcing piles are installed on the upper lifting and limiting platform as an overall reinforcing support structure for the pile foundation, ensuring the reliable and stable position of the Helmholtz resonant cavity permeable breakwater. The pile cap is equipped with sliding tracks and rails. The non-powered lifting and limiting auxiliary device includes two pairs of long connecting rods (the first and third pairs), a pair of short connecting rods (the second pair), bearings, steel wheels, and transmission rods. The first pair of connecting rods is connected to the hinged support on the pile foundation and the slide rail with a sliding rail. The third pair of connecting rods is connected to the hinged support on the main body and the slide rail with a sliding rail. The first and third pairs of connecting rods are respectively connected to the second pair of connecting rods. The steel wheel is mounted on the connecting rod on the same side of the first and third pairs of connecting rods through bearings. The three pairs of connecting rods are connected by transmission rods. The main structure of the Helmholtz resonator includes the breakwater main structure cavity reinforcing ribs and steel plate skin, the breakwater main structure longitudinal reinforcing ribs and steel plate skin, and the breakwater main Helmholtz resonator. The main structure of the Helmholtz resonator is a breakwater main Helmholtz resonator enclosed by a square frame structure. Reinforcing ribs and steel plate skins are set at the four corners of the breakwater main Helmholtz resonator, and reinforcing ribs and steel plate skins are set on the top of the breakwater main Helmholtz resonator.

2. The high-efficiency floating breakwater based on a Helmholtz wave resonator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main limiter is installed in conjunction with the breakwater lifting and limiting platform. The two small cylinders at both ends of the main limiter pass through the limiting holes on the upper and lower lifting and limiting platforms, respectively, to restrict the movement of the breakwater in the horizontal direction. The large cylinder of the main limiter is constrained by the breakwater lifting and limiting platform, thus limiting the breakwater's sway range.

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