Laser cutting tool retraction method, apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a laser cutting tool retraction method, device, equipment and storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting. The laser cutting tool retraction method comprises the following steps: acquiring a critical thickness of a plate corresponding to a preset laser cutting power used by a to-be-cut plate; determining a blowing time length at a tool retraction position based on an actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the critical thickness of the plate; and performing cutting processing on the to-be-cut plate, and blowing the tool retraction position according to the blowing time length when the cutting at the tool retraction position of the to-be-cut plate is completed. The application provides a laser cutting tool retraction strategy to improve the processing quality of laser cutting at the tool retraction position of the plate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of laser cutting, and particularly relates to a laser cutting tool retracting method, device, equipment and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Laser cutting is generally used to cut different shapes of profiles on a to-be-cut plate according to laser cutting requirements, wherein the intersection of the laser cutting path is the profile tool retracting position of laser cutting.

[0003] At present, the laser cutting method for cutting stainless steel by using nitrogen mainly relies on the principle of laser melting. During cutting, the laser beam energy makes the irradiation area of the stainless steel plate into a molten state, and then the molten material is blown away by using nitrogen gas pressure coaxial with the laser beam to form a cut on the plate. When the laser cuts to the profile tool retracting position, the cutting speed starts to slow down at a distance before the tool retracting position of the profile track, and the cutting speed just reduces to zero at the tool retracting position. Since the energy released by the laser beam is the same as that during high-speed cutting during the reduction of the cutting speed, the heat of the laser beam per unit length increases sharply, which causes the heat accumulated at the tool retracting position of the profile to be unable to be effectively diffused when the cutting head stops emitting light and moving, and the molten stainless steel plate reacts with the air in the environment to cause the profile tool retracting position to appear yellow and black after oxidation.

[0004] In summary, how to provide a laser cutting tool retracting strategy to improve the processing quality of laser cutting at the tool retracting position of the plate has become a technical problem to be solved in the technical field of laser cutting. SUMMARY

[0005] The main purpose of the application is to provide a laser cutting tool retracting method, device, equipment and storage medium. The purpose is to improve the processing quality of laser cutting at the tool retracting position of the plate.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a laser cutting tool retracting method, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] Obtaining the plate critical thickness corresponding to the preset laser cutting power used by the to-be-cut plate;

[0008] Determining the blowing time at the tool retracting position based on the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness;

[0009] Cutting the to-be-cut plate, and blowing the tool retracting position according to the blowing time when the cutting at the tool retracting position of the to-be-cut plate is completed.

[0010] Optionally, the step of determining the blowing time at the tool retracting position based on the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness comprises:

[0011] subtracting the critical thickness of the plate from the actual thickness of the plate to obtain a difference value;

[0012] multiplying the difference value by a preset time coefficient to obtain a blowing time, wherein the time coefficient is greater than zero.

[0013] Optionally, the step of cutting the plate to be cut, the method further comprises:

[0014] determining a retraction length based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate;

[0015] determining a retraction path based on the retraction length and a cutting end position of the plate to be cut, wherein an end position of the retraction path is the cutting end position, and a length of the retraction path is the retraction length;

[0016] cutting the plate to be cut according to the retraction path.

[0017] Optionally, the step of determining the retraction length based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate, comprises:

[0018] subtracting the critical thickness of the plate from the actual thickness of the plate to obtain a difference value;

[0019] multiplying the difference value by a preset length coefficient to obtain the retraction length, wherein the length coefficient is greater than zero.

[0020] Optionally, the cutting process parameters of the plate to be cut include a regular cutting speed, a regular cutting duty ratio and a regular cutting frequency, and the step of cutting the plate to be cut according to the retraction path, comprises:

[0021] determining a starting duty ratio based on the regular cutting speed, the regular cutting duty ratio and a preset starting cutting speed, wherein a ratio of the regular cutting speed to the starting cutting speed is greater than a ratio of the regular cutting duty ratio to the starting duty ratio;

[0022] determining a retraction cutting frequency based on the regular cutting frequency;

[0023] cutting the plate to be cut according to the retraction path based on the starting cutting speed, the starting duty ratio and the retraction cutting frequency.

[0024] Optionally, the step of determining the retraction cutting frequency based on the regular cutting frequency, comprises:

[0025] determining whether the normal cutting frequency is less than or equal to a preset frequency threshold value;

[0026] if the normal cutting frequency is less than or equal to the preset frequency threshold value, determining the tool retraction cutting frequency as the normal cutting frequency;

[0027] if the normal cutting frequency is greater than the preset frequency threshold value, determining the tool retraction cutting frequency as the preset frequency threshold value.

[0028] Optionally, the step of cutting the to-be-cut plate according to the tool retraction segment path based on the starting cutting speed, the starting duty cycle and the tool retraction cutting frequency comprises:

[0029] controlling the cutting speed on the tool retraction segment path to linearly decrease from the starting cutting speed to zero, controlling the cutting duty cycle on the tool retraction segment path to linearly decrease from the starting duty cycle to a preset ending duty cycle, and taking the tool retraction cutting frequency as the cutting frequency of the tool retraction segment path to cut the to-be-cut plate according to the tool retraction segment path.

[0030] Optionally, the cutting process parameter of the normal cutting of the to-be-cut plate comprises a normal cutting air pressure, and the operation of blowing air at the tool retraction position according to the blowing time comprises:

[0031] multiplying the normal cutting air pressure by a preset air pressure coefficient to obtain a blowing pressure at the tool retraction position;

[0032] blowing air at the tool retraction position according to the blowing time and the blowing pressure.

[0033] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides a tool retraction device for laser cutting, which comprises the following steps:

[0034] an acquisition module, configured to acquire a plate critical thickness corresponding to a preset laser cutting power used by a to-be-cut plate;

[0035] a determination module, configured to determine a blowing time at a tool retraction position based on an actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness;

[0036] a blowing module, configured to cut the to-be-cut plate, and blow air at the tool retraction position according to the blowing time when the cutting at the tool retraction position of the to-be-cut plate is completed.

[0037] In addition, to achieve the above object, the application further provides a laser cutting tool collecting device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a laser cutting tool collecting program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the laser cutting tool collecting program of the laser cutting tool collecting device implements the steps of the laser cutting tool collecting method as described above when executed by the processor.

[0038] In addition, to achieve the above object, the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a laser cutting tool collecting program, and the laser cutting tool collecting program implements the steps of the laser cutting tool collecting method as described above when executed by a processor.

[0039] The embodiment of the application obtains the plate critical thickness corresponding to the preset laser cutting power used by the to-be-cut plate, calculates the blowing duration at the tool collecting position based on the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness, performs cutting processing on the to-be-cut plate, and blows the tool collecting position according to the blowing duration when the cutting at the tool collecting position of the to-be-cut plate is completed. In this way, compared with the traditional tool collecting position where the heat accumulated at the tool collecting position cannot be effectively diffused, the embodiment of the application controls the laser head to blow the tool collecting position when the cutting at the tool collecting position of the plate is completed, and blows for a certain duration, so as to isolate the contact between air and the tool collecting position and quickly take away the heat accumulated at the tool collecting position, thereby reducing the oxidation and yellowing at the tool collecting position of the profile, and improving the processing quality of the tool collecting position of the plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a device structure schematic diagram of a hardware running environment of a laser cutting tool collecting device involved in an embodiment of the application;

[0041] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a step flow schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a laser cutting tool collecting method of the application;

[0042] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a laser cutting flow schematic diagram involved in an embodiment of the laser cutting tool collecting method of the application;

[0043] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a plate cutting schematic diagram involved in an embodiment of the laser cutting tool collecting method of the application;

[0044] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a tool collecting effect comparison schematic diagram involved in an embodiment of the laser cutting tool collecting method of the application;

[0045] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a functional module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the laser cutting tool collecting device of the application.

[0046] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein merely exemplify the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 The device structure diagram of the hardware running environment of the laser cutting tool collecting device according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0049] It should be noted that the laser cutting tool collecting device according to the embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting. Specifically, the laser cutting tool collecting device can be a laser cutting machine, a smart phone, a PC (Personal Computer), a tablet computer, a portable computer, etc.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, the laser cutting tool collecting device can include a processor 1001, such as a CPU, a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to realize the connection and communication between the components. The user interface 1003 can include a display screen (DiSplay), an input unit such as a keyboard (Keyboard), and can also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 can optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface). The memory 1005 can be a high-speed RAM memory, or a stable memory (non-volatile memory) such as a disk memory. The memory 1005 can also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001. The following is for the convenience of description, and the execution subject of the method steps in each embodiment is omitted.

[0051] Those skilled in the art can understand Figure 1 that the structure of the laser cutting tool collecting device shown in the above embodiments does not constitute a limitation on the laser cutting tool collecting device, and can include more or fewer components than the diagram, or combine certain components, or different component arrangements.

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, the memory 1005 as a computer storage medium can include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a laser cutting tool collecting program.

[0053] In Figure 1In the terminal shown, the network interface 1004 is mainly used to connect to a background server and communicate data with the background server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used to connect to a client and communicate data with the client; and the processor 1001 can be used to call the laser cutting retraction program stored in the memory 1005 and perform the following operations:

[0054] Obtaining a plate critical thickness corresponding to a preset laser cutting power used by the to-be-cut plate;

[0055] Determining a blowing time length at the retraction position based on the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness;

[0056] Performing cutting processing on the to-be-cut plate, and blowing the retraction position according to the blowing time length when the cutting at the retraction position of the to-be-cut plate is completed.

[0057] Further, the operation of determining the blowing time length at the retraction position based on the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness comprises:

[0058] Subtracting the plate critical thickness from the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate to obtain a difference value;

[0059] Multiplying the difference value by a preset time length coefficient to obtain the blowing time length, wherein the time length coefficient is greater than zero.

[0060] Further, the step of performing cutting processing on the to-be-cut plate, the processor 1001 can also be used to call the laser cutting retraction program stored in the memory 1005 and perform the following operations:

[0061] Determining a retraction segment length based on the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness;

[0062] Determining a retraction segment path based on the retraction segment length and the cutting end position of the to-be-cut plate, wherein an end position of the retraction segment path is the cutting end position, and a length of the retraction segment path is the retraction segment length;

[0063] Performing cutting processing on the to-be-cut plate according to the retraction segment path.

[0064] Further, the operation of determining the retraction segment length based on the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate and the plate critical thickness comprises:

[0065] Subtracting the plate critical thickness from the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate to obtain a difference value;

[0066] Multiplying the difference value by a preset length coefficient to obtain the retraction segment length, wherein the length coefficient is greater than zero.

[0067] Further, the cutting process parameter of the to-be-cut plate material comprises a regular cutting speed, a regular cutting duty cycle and a regular cutting frequency, and the operation of cutting the to-be-cut plate material according to the tool retraction segment path comprises:

[0068] determining a starting duty cycle based on the regular cutting speed, the regular cutting duty cycle and a preset starting cutting speed, wherein a ratio of the regular cutting speed to the starting cutting speed is greater than a ratio of the regular cutting duty cycle to the starting duty cycle;

[0069] determining a tool retraction cutting frequency based on the regular cutting frequency;

[0070] cutting the to-be-cut plate material according to the tool retraction segment path based on the starting cutting speed, the starting duty cycle and the tool retraction cutting frequency.

[0071] Further, the operation of determining the tool retraction cutting frequency based on the regular cutting frequency comprises:

[0072] determining whether the regular cutting frequency is less than or equal to a preset frequency threshold;

[0073] if the regular cutting frequency is less than or equal to the preset frequency threshold, determining the tool retraction cutting frequency as the regular cutting frequency;

[0074] if the regular cutting frequency is greater than the preset frequency threshold, determining the tool retraction cutting frequency as the preset frequency threshold.

[0075] Further, the operation of cutting the to-be-cut plate material according to the tool retraction segment path based on the starting cutting speed, the starting duty cycle and the tool retraction cutting frequency comprises:

[0076] controlling the cutting speed on the tool retraction segment path to linearly decrease from the starting cutting speed to zero, controlling the cutting duty cycle on the tool retraction segment path to linearly decrease from the starting duty cycle to a preset ending duty cycle, and taking the tool retraction cutting frequency as the cutting frequency of the tool retraction segment path to cut the to-be-cut plate material according to the tool retraction segment path.

[0077] Further, the cutting process parameter of the regular cutting of the to-be-cut plate material comprises a regular cutting air pressure, and the operation of blowing air at the tool retraction position according to the blowing time length comprises:

[0078] multiplying the regular cutting air pressure by a preset air pressure coefficient to obtain a blowing pressure at the tool retraction position;

[0079] blowing air at the tool retraction position according to the blowing time length and the blowing pressure.

[0080] Based on the above structure, various embodiments of the laser cutting tool retraction method are proposed.

[0081] In the prior art, the conventional process of laser cutting is to first draw a CAD drawing of the pre-cut workpiece pattern, then use computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software to program the drawing pattern to obtain NC code for machine tool machining, and the laser cutting control system controls the cutting head to perform interpolation and perforation of the predetermined trajectory of the cutting plate, light emission and other actions through reading the NC code, and finally obtains the ideal cutting workpiece.

[0082] In the laser cutting process, nitrogen is often used as an auxiliary gas for cutting stainless steel plate, that is, the cutting principle of using high-pressure nitrogen to blow away the molten waste material makes the cut smooth and delicate, showing a white cross section. Since nitrogen cannot react with stainless steel, it achieves the effect of the cut cross section that cannot be achieved with other auxiliary gases. As is known, due to the small laser spot and high energy, at a certain cutting speed and high nitrogen pressure, the cutting heat is generally quickly released to the entire plate, and most of the laser heat is taken away with the molten waste material by the high-pressure nitrogen, thus achieving the white cutting cross section effect. However, when the laser cuts to the retraction of the contour, the cutting speed will certainly start to gradually decrease at a distance before the retraction of the contour track, and when the cutting reaches the end of the contour, the speed is just reduced to zero. However, at this time, the existing laser beam still releases the same energy as when cutting at high speed, and the heat of the laser beam per unit length increases sharply at the retraction of the contour, which is easy to accumulate at the retraction of the contour. At this time, the auxiliary nitrogen gas blown from the cutting head is often not sufficient to act on the retraction, and it will proceed to the cutting of the next contour. Then, the remaining heat accumulated at the retraction of the contour is not taken away, and it cannot be effectively and quickly dispersed, which will react with the air in the environment, causing the retraction of the contour to appear yellow and black after oxidation, affecting the aesthetics of the cutting workpiece. Moreover, the high-temperature state also causes the grains at the retraction of the stainless steel to become coarse, seriously affecting the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel product.

[0083] At present, some laser manufacturers have considered that the oxygen cutting of carbon steel will cause the problem of hanging slag at the retracted cutting edge, and the method of reducing the laser power at the retracted cutting edge is used to reduce the heat accumulation at the retracted cutting edge. The present application solves the problem of retracted cutting of stainless steel nitrogen cutting. The difference is that the nitrogen cutting of stainless steel relies on the principle of laser melting. During cutting, the laser beam energy makes the irradiation area of the plate become molten state, and the strong gas pressure of the nitrogen coaxial with the laser blows away the molten material to form a cut. Nitrogen does not oxidize with the plate during cutting. If the laser power at the retracted cutting edge is reduced by a similar method, the cutting melting effect may be poor, and even the cutting may not be transparent. Secondly, the present application solves the technical problem of oxidation and yellowing of stainless steel at the retracted cutting edge by a certain control method.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a flowchart of the first embodiment of the retracted cutting method of the present application. It should be noted that although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the retracted cutting method of the present application can also execute the steps shown or described in a different order from here. In this embodiment, the execution subject of the retracted cutting method of the laser cutting can be a numerical control system, a personal computer, a smart phone and the like. In this embodiment, it is not limited. The retracted cutting method of the laser cutting comprises S10-S30:

[0085] Step S10, acquiring the plate critical thickness corresponding to the preset laser cutting power of the plate to be cut.

[0086] It should be noted that if the current laser can be configured to 3KW-30KW, the higher the laser cutting power, the greater the laser beam energy, and the faster the melting cutting speed of the nitrogen cutting of stainless steel. At this time, the energy of the plate retracted cutting edge is also easy to release. However, when the thickness of the plate increases, the cutting speed also decreases, the energy of the retracted cutting edge is accumulated for a long time and cannot be effectively released, resulting in oxidation and blackening at the retracted cutting edge. Of course, this situation mainly exists in medium-thick plates. In order to better utilize the retracted cutting scheme, the plate thickness critical value (i.e. the above-mentioned plate critical thickness) is proposed.

[0087] In this embodiment, the laser cutting power configured by the laser machine for cutting the plate to be cut is determined, and the plate critical thickness corresponding to the preset laser cutting power is acquired.

[0088] In the specific embodiment, when the laser cutting power of the currently used laser machine is 3KW-30KW, the critical plate thickness range corresponding to the retraction of the tool is 4mm-16mm. When the cutting power is higher, the critical stainless steel plate thickness at the retraction of the tool will be thicker. The reason is that when the cutting power is higher, the cutting speed for the same thickness of the plate is faster, and the heat of the plate at the retraction of the tool is relatively faster, which is not easy to be oxidized, so the critical thickness at the retraction of the tool will be thicker. Taking 3KW as an example, the corresponding critical thickness at the retraction of the tool is 4mm, and the plate with a thickness less than 4mm almost does not have the oxidation problem caused by the laser energy aggregation at the retraction of the tool. It should be understood that other cutting powers also have corresponding critical plate thicknesses.

[0089] In step S20, the blowing time length at the retraction of the tool is determined based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate.

[0090] In the embodiment, after the plate critical thickness corresponding to the current laser cutting power is obtained, the actual thickness of the plate to be cut is obtained, and the blowing time length is calculated based on the actual thickness and the critical thickness of the plate.

[0091] It should be noted that when the actual thickness of the plate to be cut is less than the critical thickness of the plate, there is almost no obvious heat aggregation at the retraction of the tool. However, when the actual thickness of the stainless steel plate to be cut is greater than the critical thickness of the stainless steel plate, the oxidation problem begins to appear at the retraction of the tool, and as the thickness of the plate increases, the oxidation condition becomes more obvious. When the actual thickness of the plate to be cut is greater than the critical thickness corresponding to the cutting power, the oxidation condition appears at the retraction of the plate, and as the thickness of the plate increases, the cutting speed decreases, and the heat aggregation at the retraction of the tool is more obvious, so longer retraction length and blowing time are needed to weaken the oxidation problem at the retraction of the tool.

[0092] In the embodiment, the step S20 includes steps S201-S202.

[0093] In step S201, the actual thickness of the plate to be cut is subtracted from the critical thickness of the plate to obtain a difference value.

[0094] In step S202, the difference value is multiplied by a preset time length coefficient to obtain the blowing time length, wherein the time length coefficient is greater than or equal to zero.

[0095] In the embodiment, after the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate are obtained, the actual thickness is subtracted by the critical thickness of the plate to obtain a difference value, and the difference value is multiplied by a preset time length coefficient to obtain the blowing time length, wherein the time length coefficient is greater than zero, that is, when the cutting power is the same, the thicker the plate, the longer the set blowing time, and when the thickness of the plate is the same, the higher the cutting power, the shorter the set blowing time. It should be understood that when the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate are certain, the greater the time length coefficient, the longer the obtained blowing time length.

[0096] In the specific embodiment, T represents the blowing time length (unit: second) after the end point of the tool retraction stops shining, and H is the actual thickness (unit: millimeter) of the stainless steel plate. The blowing time length can be calculated by the following formula: T=(H-5K)*0.1*N, wherein 5K represents the critical thickness of the plate, and (0.1*N) represents the time length coefficient (which is an empirical value) obtained in advance. It should be understood that for different laser cutting power P0, the K and N values of the above formula have different variable sizes.

[0097] In step S30, the plate to be cut is cut, and when the cutting at the tool retraction of the plate to be cut is completed, the tool retraction is blown according to the blowing time length.

[0098] In the embodiment, when the cutting at the tool retraction of the plate to be cut is completed, the laser head continues to blow the tool retraction within the blowing time length.

[0099] In the embodiment, the cutting process parameters of the conventional cutting of the plate to be cut include the conventional cutting gas pressure. The step S30 includes steps S301-S302.

[0100] In step S301, the conventional cutting gas pressure is multiplied by a preset gas pressure coefficient to obtain the blowing pressure of the tool retraction.

[0101] In step S302, the tool retraction is blown according to the blowing time length and the blowing pressure.

[0102] In the embodiment, the cutting process parameters of the conventional cutting of the plate to be cut are obtained, wherein the cutting process parameters include the conventional cutting gas pressure (represented as PR0). The nitrogen blowing pressure is represented as PR1. The nitrogen blowing pressure PR1 can be directly associated with the gas pressure PR0 of the conventional cutting. Tests show that when the blowing pressure value is 0.3 times the conventional cutting gas pressure, the oxidation problem at the tool retraction can be solved with the highest efficiency and the lowest gas cost, that is, the blowing pressure PR1 at the end point of the tool retraction is equal to 0.3 times the conventional cutting gas pressure PR0 (unit: second). The calculation formula of the nitrogen blowing pressure is PR1=0.3×PR0.

[0103] In the specific embodiment, when the cutting power is 3KW

[0104] Exemplarily, when the thickness of the stainless steel to be cut is 25mm and the laser cutting power is 22KW, K=3 and N=0.6, then T=(H-5K) x 0.1 x N=(25-5x3) x 0.1 x 0.6=0.6s, that is, the blowing time at the end point is set to 0.6s.

[0105] Thus, the present application obtains the critical thickness of the plate to be cut corresponding to the preset laser cutting power, calculates the blowing time at the end of cutting based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate, and cuts the plate to be cut, and blows air at the end of cutting according to the blowing time at the end of cutting. Thus, compared with the traditional profile cutting method, the present application controls the laser head to blow air at the end of cutting and continues to blow air for a certain period of time to isolate the contact between air and the end of cutting and quickly remove the heat accumulated at the end of cutting, thereby reducing the oxidation and yellowing of the profile end of cutting, and improving the processing quality of the plate end of cutting.

[0106] Further, based on the first embodiment of the laser cutting end cutting method of the present application, a second embodiment of the laser cutting end cutting method of the present application is provided.

[0107] In the present embodiment, the step S20 comprises steps S201-S203:

[0108] Step S201, determining the length of the end cutting section based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate.

[0109] In the embodiment, after the plate critical thickness corresponding to the current laser cutting power preset and the actual thickness of the plate to be cut are obtained, the length of the retraction cutting section is calculated based on the actual thickness and the plate critical thickness.

[0110] It should be noted that the profile cutting path of the plate to be cut is divided into a conventional cutting section and a retraction cutting section connected in sequence, wherein the conventional cutting section of the profile is quickly cut at a laser power and speed that can meet the product machining precision requirement; the retraction cutting section still uses the laser power, nozzle height, and gas pressure value of the conventional cutting section, and only reduces the laser pulse frequency and pulse duty cycle of the retraction cutting section to reduce the heat input to the plate retraction section. Before the cutting head cuts close to the start point of the retraction cutting section, the conventional cutting speed gradually decreases to the initial retraction speed of the laser, and when cutting the retraction cutting length, the retraction speed gradually linearly decreases, and at the end point of the retraction cutting section, the cutting speed decreases to zero. The initial duty cycle of the retraction cutting section and the duty cycle at the end point (i.e., the retraction point) are set, and when the cutting speed decreases to zero, the cutting head stops emitting light and moving, and nitrogen gas is blown into the retraction end point for a certain time according to the blowing gas pressure and blowing time set in the retraction parameters.

[0111] It should be noted that the length of the retraction section is the length of the retraction cutting section.

[0112] In the embodiment, the step S201 includes steps S2011-S2012.

[0113] In step S2011, the actual thickness of the plate to be cut is subtracted by the plate critical thickness to obtain a difference value.

[0114] In step S2012, the difference value is multiplied by a preset time coefficient to obtain a blowing time, wherein the time coefficient is greater than or equal to zero.

[0115] In the embodiment, after the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the plate critical thickness are obtained, the actual thickness is subtracted by the plate critical thickness to obtain a difference value, and the difference value is multiplied by a preset length coefficient to obtain a blowing time, wherein the length coefficient is greater than zero. That is, when the cutting power is the same, the thicker the plate, the longer the set length of the retraction cutting section, and when the thickness of the plate is the same, the higher the cutting power, the shorter the set length of the retraction section.

[0116] In the specific embodiment, L represents the length of the retraction section of the profile, and the length of the retraction section can be calculated by the following formula: L=(H-5K)×0.2×N, wherein 5K represents the plate critical thickness, and (0.2*N) represents a length coefficient (which is an empirical value) obtained in advance. It should be understood that for different laser cutting power P0, the K and N values of the above formula have different variable sizes.

[0117] Exemplarily, for the power of the current mainstream laser: 3KW-30KW, the size of the retraction length L (mm) can be preferably in the range of 1mm-6mm, wherein the retraction length can be further set according to the actual thickness of the plate, and the present scheme does not limit this.

[0118] In step S202, the retraction segment path is determined based on the retraction segment length and the cutting end position of the plate to be cut, wherein the end position of the retraction segment path is the cutting end position, and the length of the retraction segment path is the retraction segment length.

[0119] In the present embodiment, the retraction segment path is determined based on the retraction segment length of the plate to be cut and the cutting end position of the overall cutting path, specifically, the cutting end position is determined as the end position of the retraction segment path, and the retraction segment length is determined as the path length of the retraction segment path.

[0120] In step S203, the plate to be cut is cut according to the retraction segment path.

[0121] In the present embodiment, based on the retraction segment length of the plate to be cut and the cutting end position of the overall cutting path, the retraction segment path in the overall cutting path is determined, and then the plate to be cut is cut according to the retraction segment path.

[0122] It can be understood that based on the retraction segment length of the plate to be cut and the cutting end position of the overall cutting path, the overall cutting path is divided into two segments, one of which is a conventional cutting segment and the other of which is a retraction segment, the cutting path on the conventional cutting segment is referred to as a conventional cutting path, and the cutting path on the retraction segment is referred to as a retraction segment path, the conventional cutting segment is cut according to the conventional cutting segment path, and the retraction segment is cut according to the retraction segment path.

[0123] In the present embodiment, the cutting process parameters of the plate to be cut include a conventional cutting speed, a conventional cutting duty cycle and a conventional cutting frequency, and the laser cutting segment retraction method further includes steps A10-A30:

[0124] In step A10, a starting duty cycle is determined based on the conventional cutting speed, the conventional cutting duty cycle and a preset starting cutting speed, wherein the ratio of the conventional cutting speed to the starting cutting speed is greater than the ratio of the conventional cutting duty cycle to the starting duty cycle.

[0125] It should be noted that the process parameter window of the conventional cutting section includes but is not limited to: the laser cutting power P0 in the conventional cutting, the conventional cutting speed V0, the conventional cutting frequency f0, the conventional cutting duty cycle D0, the nozzle cutting height C0, the nitrogen gas pressure PR0, etc. The process parameters of the conventional cutting section refer to the laser process parameters that can meet the product machining precision and fast cutting of the profile conventional cutting section. The process parameter window of the tool retraction cutting section includes but is not limited to: the laser tool retraction starting cutting speed V1, the laser tool retraction cutting frequency f1, the laser tool retraction pulse starting duty cycle D1, the laser tool retraction pulse ending duty cycle D2, the nitrogen gas blowing pressure PR1 and the blowing time T when the laser is turned off at the end point of the profile cutting, etc.

[0126] The starting cutting speed V1 of the tool retraction cutting section is set in advance according to actual needs, wherein the starting cutting speed V1 is less than the cutting speed V0.

[0127] In this embodiment, the starting duty cycle is determined based on the conventional cutting speed, the conventional cutting duty cycle and the preset starting cutting speed in the cutting process parameters, wherein the result value of the conventional cutting speed divided by the starting cutting speed is greater than the result value of the conventional cutting duty cycle divided by the starting duty cycle. Specifically, the laser tool retraction starting duty cycle D1 also needs to meet the following condition: V0:V1>D0:D1. Thus, the problem of not being able to cut through in the tool retraction cutting is avoided.

[0128] Step B20, determining the tool retraction cutting frequency based on the conventional cutting frequency.

[0129] In this embodiment, after obtaining the conventional cutting frequency in the cutting process parameters, the tool retraction cutting frequency is determined based on the conventional cutting frequency, wherein the conventional cutting frequency is the cutting frequency when the conventional cutting section is cut, and the tool retraction cutting frequency is the cutting frequency when the tool retraction section is cut.

[0130] In this embodiment, the step B20 includes steps B201-B203.

[0131] Step B201, determining whether the conventional cutting frequency is less than or equal to a preset frequency threshold.

[0132] Step B202, if the conventional cutting frequency is less than or equal to the preset frequency threshold, determining the tool retraction cutting frequency as the conventional cutting frequency.

[0133] Step B203, if the conventional cutting frequency is greater than the preset frequency threshold, determining the tool retraction cutting frequency as the preset frequency threshold.

[0134] The cutting frequency threshold corresponding to the tool-retraction path of the to-be-cut plate is set in advance according to actual needs, and the specific size of the cutting frequency threshold is not limited in the application.

[0135] In the embodiment, it is determined whether the conventional cutting frequency in the process parameter is less than or equal to the preset frequency threshold. If the conventional cutting frequency is less than or equal to the preset frequency threshold, the tool-retraction cutting frequency is determined as the conventional cutting frequency. If the conventional cutting frequency is greater than the preset frequency threshold, the tool-retraction cutting frequency is determined as the preset frequency threshold. That is, the preset frequency threshold is the maximum value of the tool-retraction cutting frequency.

[0136] In the specific embodiment, the frequency threshold is set as 1 KHz. When the conventional cutting frequency f0≤1000HZ, f1=f0 is set.

[0137] In step A30, the to-be-cut plate is cut according to the tool-retraction path based on the initial cutting speed, the initial duty cycle and the tool-retraction cutting frequency.

[0138] In the embodiment, the tool-retraction cutting segment is cut according to the initial cutting speed, the initial duty cycle and the tool-retraction cutting frequency of the tool-retraction cutting segment. It should be noted that the initial cutting speed is the cutting speed corresponding to the starting point of the tool-retraction cutting segment, the cutting speed of the ending point (i.e. the tool-retraction point) of the tool-retraction cutting segment is 0; the initial duty cycle is the duty cycle corresponding to the starting point of the tool-retraction cutting segment, the duty cycle of the ending point (i.e. the tool-retraction point) of the tool-retraction cutting segment is the above-mentioned terminal duty cycle D2; and the tool-retraction cutting frequency is the cutting frequency of the tool-retraction cutting segment.

[0139] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1, a laser cutting process schematic diagram is shown. First, the actual thickness of the to-be-cut plate, the laser cutting path and the cutting process parameter are obtained. Then, the tool-retraction segment length is determined based on the actual thickness and the critical thickness. The laser cutting path (i.e. the above-mentioned overall cutting path) is divided into a conventional cutting segment and a tool-retraction cutting segment based on the tool-retraction segment length. The tool-retraction process parameter of the tool-retraction segment path is determined based on the cutting process parameter. Specifically, compared with the cutting process parameter, the tool-retraction process parameter has a smaller cutting frequency, a slower cutting speed and a smaller cutting duty cycle. In addition, the tool-retraction process parameter further includes the nitrogen blowing pressure and the blowing time length after the cutting of the plate at the tool-retraction point is completed. The conventional cutting segment is cut according to the cutting process parameter, and the tool-retraction cutting segment is cut according to the tool-retraction process parameter. As shown in FIG. 2, Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 2, a plate cutting schematic diagram is shown. L1 represents the conventional cutting segment in the laser cutting path on the to-be-cut plate, L2 represents the tool-retraction cutting segment in the laser cutting path on the to-be-cut plate, and the thickness of the plate is H.

[0140] In the embodiment, the step A30 includes step A301:

[0141] Step A301, linearly reducing the cutting speed on the retraction path from the initial cutting speed to zero, linearly reducing the cutting duty cycle on the retraction path from the initial duty cycle to a preset final duty cycle, and taking the retraction cutting frequency as the cutting frequency of the retraction path to perform cutting processing on the retraction path.

[0142] In this embodiment, the cutting speed on the retraction path is linearly reduced from the initial cutting speed to zero, the cutting duty cycle on the retraction path is linearly reduced from the initial duty cycle to a preset final duty cycle (i.e. the above-mentioned final duty cycle D2), and the retraction cutting frequency is taken as the cutting frequency of the retraction path to perform cutting processing on the retraction path.

[0143] In the specific embodiment, within the retraction cutting length, the speed is linearly reduced from the retraction initial speed V1 to zero with a certain acceleration; at the same time, within the retraction cutting length, the initial duty cycle D1 of the laser retraction is linearly changed to the final duty cycle D2 of the laser retraction. It should be noted that the specific size of the above-mentioned final duty cycle is not limited in the present application, and the final duty cycle can be any value greater than or equal to 0 and less than the above-mentioned initial duty cycle.

[0144] Exemplarily, as Figure 5 The retraction effect comparison diagram is shown in the figure, and the traditional retraction effect obviously exists oxidation phenomenon at the retraction position, while the retraction method provided by the present application obviously improves the oxidation condition at the retraction position.

[0145] Therefore, based on the cutting comparison of different power lasers and different thicknesses of stainless steel plates, when the plate reaches a certain thickness, a certain amount of retraction length is set, and the mode of laser pulse cutting is adopted. Based on the speed of retraction and the frequency and pulse duty cycle of laser cutting, the precise control within the proportion is carried out, specifically, the conventional cutting frequency is reduced to increase the laser cutting peak value, the laser duty cycle is reduced to increase the cooling time of the plate cut, and the laser energy output of the laser beam at the contour retraction position is reduced to weaken the heat accumulation at the contour retraction position.

[0146] In addition, the present application also provides a retraction device for laser cutting.

[0147] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The functional module diagram of an embodiment of the retraction device for laser cutting of the present application is shown in the figure, and the retraction device for laser cutting of the present application comprises: Figure 6

[0148] The acquisition module 10 is configured to acquire a plate critical thickness corresponding to a preset laser cutting power used by the plate to be cut.​

[0149] The determining module 20 is configured to determine the blowing duration at the retraction position based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate.

[0150] The blowing module 30 is configured to perform cutting processing on the plate to be cut, and perform blowing on the retraction position according to the blowing duration when the cutting on the retraction position of the plate to be cut is completed.

[0151] Further, the determining module 20 is further configured to subtract the critical thickness of the plate from the actual thickness of the plate to be cut to obtain a difference value, and multiply the difference value by a preset duration coefficient to obtain the blowing duration, wherein the duration coefficient is greater than zero.

[0152] Further, the determining module 20 comprises:

[0153] The length determining unit is configured to determine the retraction segment length based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate.

[0154] The path determining unit is configured to determine the retraction segment path based on the retraction segment length and the cutting end position of the plate to be cut, wherein the end position of the retraction segment path is the cutting end position, and the length of the retraction segment path is the retraction segment length.

[0155] The cutting processing unit is configured to perform cutting processing on the plate to be cut according to the retraction segment path.

[0156] Further, the length determining unit is further configured to subtract the critical thickness of the plate from the actual thickness of the plate to be cut to obtain a difference value, and multiply the difference value by a preset length coefficient to obtain the retraction segment length, wherein the length coefficient is greater than zero.

[0157] Further, the cutting process parameters of the plate to be cut include a conventional cutting speed, a conventional cutting duty cycle and a conventional cutting frequency, and the cutting processing unit comprises:

[0158] The duty cycle determining subunit is configured to determine a starting duty cycle based on the conventional cutting speed, the conventional cutting duty cycle and a preset starting cutting speed, wherein the ratio of the conventional cutting speed to the starting cutting speed is greater than the ratio of the conventional cutting duty cycle to the starting duty cycle.

[0159] The frequency determining subunit is configured to determine a retraction cutting frequency based on the conventional cutting frequency.

[0160] The cutting processing subunit is configured to perform cutting processing on the plate to be cut according to the retraction segment path based on the starting cutting speed, the starting duty cycle and the retraction cutting frequency.

[0161] Further, the frequency determining sub-unit is further configured to determine whether the normal cutting frequency is less than or equal to a preset frequency threshold; if the normal cutting frequency is less than or equal to the preset frequency threshold, determine the tool retraction cutting frequency as the normal cutting frequency; if the normal cutting frequency is greater than the preset frequency threshold, determine the tool retraction cutting frequency as the preset frequency threshold.

[0162] Further, the cutting processing sub-unit is further configured to control the cutting speed on the tool retraction segment path to linearly decrease from the starting cutting speed to zero, control the cutting duty cycle on the tool retraction segment path to linearly decrease from the starting duty cycle to a preset ending duty cycle, and take the tool retraction cutting frequency as the cutting frequency of the tool retraction segment path to perform the cutting processing on the to-be-cut plate according to the tool retraction segment path.

[0163] Further, the cutting process parameter of the normal cutting of the to-be-cut plate includes a normal cutting air pressure, and the air blowing module 30 is further configured to multiply the normal cutting air pressure by a preset air pressure coefficient to obtain the air blowing pressure at the tool retraction position; perform air blowing at the tool retraction position according to the air blowing time length and the air blowing pressure.

[0164] The application further provides a computer storage medium, which stores a laser cutting tool retraction program, and the laser cutting tool retraction program is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the laser cutting tool retraction program method according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0165] The specific embodiments of the computer storage medium of the application are basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiments of the laser cutting tool retraction program method of the application, and are not described here.

[0166] The application further provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the laser cutting tool retraction method according to any one of the above embodiments, which are not described here.

[0167] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or system. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0168] The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0169] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand the above-mentioned embodiment method can be realized by means of software and the necessary general hardware platform, of course, it can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes a plurality of instructions for enabling a laser cutting device (which can be a TWS earphone) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0170] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the content of the specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of retracting a laser cutting head, characterized by, The laser cutting retraction method comprises the following steps: Obtaining a critical thickness of a plate corresponding to a preset laser cutting power used by the plate to be cut; Determining a blowing time length at the retraction position based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate; Cutting the plate to be cut, and blowing the retraction position according to the blowing time length when the cutting of the plate to be cut at the retraction position is completed; The step of determining the blowing time length at the retraction position based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate comprises: Subtracting the critical thickness of the plate from the actual thickness of the plate to be cut to obtain a difference value; Multiplying the difference value by a preset time length coefficient to obtain the blowing time length, wherein the time length coefficient is greater than zero.

2. The laser-cut, retracted tool method of claim 1, wherein, The step of cutting the plate to be cut comprises: Determining a retraction segment length based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate; Determining a retraction segment path based on the retraction segment length and a cutting end position of the plate to be cut, wherein an end position of the retraction segment path is the cutting end position, and a length of the retraction segment path is the retraction segment length; Cutting the plate to be cut according to the retraction segment path.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The step of determining the retraction segment length based on the actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the critical thickness of the plate comprises: Subtracting the critical thickness of the plate from the actual thickness of the plate to be cut to obtain a difference value; Multiplying the difference value by a preset length coefficient to obtain the retraction segment length, wherein the length coefficient is greater than zero.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The cutting process parameters of the conventional cutting of the plate to be cut comprise a conventional cutting speed, a conventional cutting duty cycle and a conventional cutting frequency, and the step of cutting the plate to be cut according to the retraction segment path comprises: Determining a starting duty cycle based on the conventional cutting speed, the conventional cutting duty cycle and a preset starting cutting speed, wherein a ratio of the conventional cutting speed to the starting cutting speed is greater than a ratio of the conventional cutting duty cycle to the starting duty cycle; Determining a retraction cutting frequency based on the conventional cutting frequency; Cutting the plate to be cut according to the retraction segment path based on the starting cutting speed, the starting duty cycle and the retraction cutting frequency.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The step of determining the retraction cutting frequency based on the conventional cutting frequency comprises: Determining whether the conventional cutting frequency is less than or equal to a preset frequency threshold value; If the conventional cutting frequency is less than or equal to the preset frequency threshold value, determining the retraction cutting frequency as the conventional cutting frequency; If the conventional cutting frequency is greater than the preset frequency threshold value, determining the retraction cutting frequency as the preset frequency threshold value.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein, The step of cutting the plate to be cut according to the retraction segment path based on the starting cutting speed, the starting duty cycle and the retraction cutting frequency comprises: linearly reducing the cutting speed on the retraction segment path from the initial cutting speed to zero, and linearly reducing the cutting duty cycle on the retraction segment path from the initial duty cycle to a preset final duty cycle, and taking the retraction cutting frequency as the cutting frequency of the retraction segment path to perform the cutting process on the plate to be cut according to the retraction segment path.

7. The laser-cut, tool-retraction method of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein, The cutting process parameter of the conventional cutting of the plate to be cut further comprises a conventional cutting air pressure, and the step of blowing air at the retraction position according to the blowing time comprises: multiplying the conventional cutting air pressure by a preset air pressure coefficient to obtain the blowing pressure at the retraction position; and blowing air at the retraction position according to the blowing time and the blowing pressure.

8. A retraction device for laser cutting, characterized in that, The laser cutting retraction device is applied to the laser cutting retraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the laser cutting retraction device comprises: an acquisition module configured to acquire a plate critical thickness corresponding to a laser cutting power preset for a plate to be cut; a determination module configured to determine a blowing time at a retraction position based on an actual thickness of the plate to be cut and the plate critical thickness; a blowing module configured to blow air at the retraction position of the plate to be cut according to the blowing time when the cutting at the retraction position of the plate to be cut is completed.

9. A laser-cutting tool-retraction apparatus, characterized by The laser cutting retraction device comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a laser cutting retraction program executable on the processor, and the laser cutting retraction program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the laser cutting retraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a laser cutting retraction program, and the laser cutting retraction program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the laser cutting retraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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