A loading and unloading system and method for an ore terminal

Abstract

An ore terminal loading and unloading operation system and method are disclosed. The system consists of three parts: an unloading and entry operation area, an ore storage yard area, and an outbound loading operation area. The operation method is divided into two parts: ore unloading from ships to the storage yard for stockpiling and storage, and ore retrieval from the storage yard to the terminal for loading. This invention enables the continuous arrangement of large stockpiles, increasing ore storage capacity, thereby saving valuable port land resources, reducing engineering infrastructure investment costs, and improving operational flexibility and terminal economic benefits through mobile equipment coverage of the entire area. This is conducive to building a resource-intensive and economically efficient port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore terminal loading and unloading operations, and particularly to a terminal loading and unloading operation system and method for carrying out ore storage operations. Background Technology

[0002] The steel industry is a crucial foundational industry, and its stable development is inseparable from iron ore, the raw material for steelmaking. Currently, domestically produced ore cannot meet the needs of the domestic steel industry, necessitating substantial annual imports. Port ore yards currently employ a strip-shaped stockpile layout, utilizing rail-mounted bucket wheel stacker-reclaimers, bucket wheel reclaimers, or stackers for loading and unloading operations. Given that the optimal boom length for stacker-reclaimers is 50-55 meters, and considering factors such as equipment foundation width and the impact of adjacent equipment operations, the track foundation spacing between two adjacent yard operation lines is 80-110 meters to ensure that the booms of two adjacent machines can cover the entire width of the working stockpile. Furthermore, based on the main collection and distribution process requirements of the wharf for unloading and loading ships, the yard is configured with 4-5 operation lines, ensuring a total storage capacity of approximately 5 million tons for the entire port ore yard, meeting the normal turnover requirements of the ore.

[0003] To improve ore supply capacity, ports need to construct ore yards with large storage capacity. Traditional rail-mounted loading and unloading equipment layouts are limited by fixed track foundations and equipment operating range, resulting in a storage capacity of only about 5 tons / m² of ore per unit yard area. To meet the requirements of large storage capacity (over 10 million tons), the yard area needs to be doubled, leading to a significant waste of port land resources, a substantial increase in engineering investment, and a reduction in port operating profitability.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention addresses the characteristics of ore terminal storage yards, such as large storage capacity and low turnover rate. By configuring a mobile combined loading and unloading operation system, the storage capacity per unit area of ​​the yard is increased, thereby enhancing land use value. This method not only saves valuable port land resources and reduces engineering infrastructure investment costs, but also improves operational flexibility and enhances the economic benefits of the terminal by covering the entire yard with mobile equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to develop an ore terminal loading and unloading system to improve the storage capacity of the material yard, realize the flexibility and convenience of material yard operations, and create a resource-intensive and economically efficient port.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An ore terminal loading and unloading operation system is characterized by comprising three parts: an unloading and entry operation area, an ore storage yard area, and an outgoing loading and unloading operation area.

[0008] The unloading and entry operation area is located in front of the ore storage yard area, including a bridge grab unloader and a first rail unloading terminal belt conveyor.

[0009] The bridge-type grab unloader in the unloading area is supported on two first tracks on both sides of the dock and travels along the first tracks to cover the various hatches of the bulk carrier for material grabbing operations.

[0010] The unloading terminal conveyor belt is arranged in the two first tracks corresponding to the bridge grab unloader.

[0011] The ore storage yard consists of a combined mobile stockpiling system and a combined mobile reclaiming system;

[0012] The outbound loading area includes a ship loader, a fourth track, and a ship loading dock conveyor belt, located behind the ore storage yard area;

[0013] The ship loader's two side legs are supported on two fourth rails at the dock, and it travels along the fourth rails to cover the loading operations at each hatch of the bulk carrier.

[0014] The conveyor belt at the loading dock is arranged within the two fourth tracks corresponding to the ship loader.

[0015] Furthermore, the combined mobile stockpiling system includes a stockpiler, a mobile conveyor, and a mobile discharge machine;

[0016] Furthermore, the stacker is arranged on a second track between material yard #1 and material yard #2, and can travel along the second track to cover the length range of the material yard;

[0017] Furthermore, the two second tracks corresponding to the stacker are equipped with a feeding conveyor belt from the direction of the unloading dock.

[0018] Furthermore, the mobile ore conveyor is approximately 40m long and consists of a steel frame, a short conveyor, a tail guide chute, a head funnel, and a lower traveling mechanism. The tail guide chute is arranged at an angle to reduce the height of the tail structure, while the area near the head is arranged horizontally.

[0019] Furthermore, the walking mechanism is located below the steel structure frame, adopts a tire-type or track-type structure, and is arranged in two sets at the front and rear, which can turn on the spot to improve the flexibility of use.

[0020] Furthermore, the mobile ore discharge machine also consists of a steel frame, a short conveyor, a tail guide chute, and a lower walking mechanism. The only difference is that the short conveyor is arranged at an angle of about 13° to raise the head height and meet the requirements for stacking ore piles.

[0021] Furthermore, during the material stacking operation, the combined mobile stacking system employs different combinations of mobile conveyors (3 or 2 units) to adapt to changes in the material placement position.

[0022] Furthermore, the combined mobile material handling system includes a tracked bucket wheel excavator, a mobile conveyor, and a receiving hopper;

[0023] Furthermore, the tracked bucket wheel mining machine consists of a bucket wheel, a receiving short conveyor, a discharging short conveyor, and a tracked walking mechanism;

[0024] Furthermore, the bucket wheel is arranged at the head of the receiving short conveyor;

[0025] Furthermore, the receiving short conveyor and the discharging short conveyor can each rotate independently around the rotation center to achieve different angle combinations with the mobile ore conveyor;

[0026] The bucket wheel mining machine generates a large load during operation. The use of a tracked walking mechanism is beneficial to improve the overall stability of the equipment and can reduce the pressure on the stockpile.

[0027] Furthermore, the receiving hopper's side legs are supported on two third tracks in the stockyard, allowing it to travel along the third tracks to cover the length of the stockyard. The exit conveyor belt is arranged within the two third tracks corresponding to the receiving hopper.

[0028] An operation method for an ore terminal loading and unloading system, using the aforementioned ore terminal storage yard loading and unloading system, is characterized by being divided into two aspects: ore unloading from ships to the storage yard for stockpiling and storage, and ore storage yard material retrieval to the terminal for loading.

[0029] The ore unloading and stockpiling operation includes three parts: dock unloading, first-stage fabric placement, and second-stage fabric placement.

[0030] The ore storage yard's material collection and loading operation at the dock is divided into three stages: the first, second, and third stages.

[0031] The ore unloading and stockpiling operation at the storage yard includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. When a bulk carrier berths at the unloading terminal, the grab bucket inside the bridge grab unloader grabs ore from the hold and lowers it through the funnel inside the machine to the unloading terminal conveyor belt, and then transfers it to the inbound conveyor belt, and then to the loading conveyor belt in the middle of No. 1 and No. 2 material yards.

[0033] S2. The conveyor belt transfers the ore to the stacker. The stacker, through the boom conveyor belt and the head hopper, transfers the ore to several mobile ore conveyors with their heads and tails interlocked. The ore is then transported to the tail guide chute of the mobile discharge machine. After passing through the short conveyor inside the machine, it is thrown to the material yard through the head, forming the entire unloading and stockpiling operation process, completing the first stage of material distribution for stockpile #1.

[0034] S3. After the first section of material placement is completed in the No. 1 material yard, when the second section of material placement is carried out, since the distance between the material pile and the feeding conveyor belt becomes smaller, some mobile ore conveyors need to be moved out and reassembled into a new mobile material stacking system, ultimately forming a continuous large material pile layout, so that the ore storage capacity is about doubled compared to the original traditional wharf material yard.

[0035] Furthermore, during the S2 operation, the walking mechanisms of the mobile ore conveyor and the mobile ore discharger are arranged along the length of the wharf and combined with the stacker to form a mobile stacking system that can be moved as a whole according to each material placement, thereby continuously extending the material stacking operation.

[0036] The ore storage yard's material collection and loading operation at the dock includes the following steps:

[0037] S4. After the bucket wheel of the tracked bucket wheel excavator digs out the ore, it is transferred to the discharge short conveyor via the receiving short conveyor, and then transferred to several mobile ore conveyors with their heads and tails connected together. The ore enters the receiving hopper, is then unloaded into the ground exit conveyor, and then connected to the ship loading dock conveyor via the side exit conveyor. The ore is then transferred to the boom conveyor inside the ship loader and unloaded into the ship hold, realizing the first stage of material handling from the material yard to the ship loading.

[0038] S5. After the first stage of material reclaiming at material yard #2 is completed, when reclaiming materials in the second and third stages, the distance between the material pile and the exit conveyor belt increases. At this time, it is necessary to add some mobile ore conveyors and reassemble them into a new mobile material reclaiming system to complete the operation.

[0039] Furthermore, during the S4 operation, the walking mechanisms of the tracked bucket wheel excavator and the mobile conveyor are arranged along the length of the wharf and combined with the receiving bucket to form a mobile material handling system that can move as a whole according to the material handling situation of the tracked bucket wheel excavator each time, thereby realizing the continuous advancement of the material handling operation.

[0040] The advantages and effects of this application are as follows:

[0041] The ore terminal loading and unloading system of the present invention can realize the layout of large material piles in a continuous manner, improve the ore storage capacity, thereby saving the precious land resources of the port, reducing the investment cost of engineering infrastructure, and improving the operational flexibility and economic benefits of the terminal by covering the entire site with mobile equipment, which is conducive to creating a resource-intensive and economically efficient port.

[0042] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The above and other objects, advantages and features of this application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a traditional ore yard loading and unloading system.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first section of the material placement and retrieving plan of an ore terminal loading and unloading operation system according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of material placement and the third section of material handling in an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 for Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the unloading dock.

[0049] Figure 5 for Figure 2 BB shown is a schematic diagram of the first section of the ore storage yard for material placement.

[0050] Figure 6 for Figure 3 CC shown is a schematic diagram of the second section of the ore storage yard for material placement.

[0051] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic cross-section of the first section of the ore storage yard.

[0052] Figure 8 for Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic cross-section of the third section of the ore storage yard for material handling.

[0053] Figure 9 for Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shown in FF is a cross-sectional view of the loading dock.

[0054] Attached reference numerals: 1-Unloading and entry area; 11-Bridge grab unloader; 111-Grab bucket; 112-Internal hopper; 12-First track; 13-Unloading dock conveyor; 14-Ore; 15-Entry conveyor; 2-Ore storage yard; 21-Combined mobile stacking system; 211-Stacker; 2111-Boom conveyor; 2112-Head hopper; 212-Mobile ore conveyor; 2121-Steel frame; 2122-Short conveyor; 2123-Tail guide chute; 2124-Head hopper; 2125-Lower traveling mechanism; 213-Mobile 2131-Tail guide chute; 2132-Internal short conveyor; 22-Combined mobile material handling system; 221-Crawler bucket wheel excavator; 2211-Bucket wheel; 2212-Receiving short conveyor; 2213-Discharging short conveyor; 2214-Crawler walking mechanism; 222-Receiving hopper; 23-Second track; 24-Feeding belt conveyor; 25-Third track; 26-Outgoing belt conveyor; 27-Side outgoing belt conveyor; 3-Outgoing loading area; 31-Loader; 311-Boom belt conveyor; 32-Fourth track; 33-Loading dock belt conveyor; Specific Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided merely to help fully understand the embodiments of this application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures are omitted in the embodiments.

[0056] It should be understood that the phrase "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0057] Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples within this application. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0058] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" describes another type of relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0059] In this article, the term "at least one" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "at least one of A and B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone.

[0060] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] This embodiment describes an ore terminal loading and unloading operation system, combined with... Figure 2 , 3 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first section of the material placement and retrieving plan of an ore terminal loading and unloading operation system according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of material placement and the third section of material handling in an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to the present invention.

[0063] A loading and unloading system for an ore terminal is characterized by comprising three parts: an unloading and entry operation area 1, an ore storage yard area 2, and an exit and loading operation area 3.

[0064] The unloading and entry operation area 1 is located in front of the ore storage yard area 2, and includes a bridge grab unloader 11 and a first track 12 unloading wharf belt conveyor 13.

[0065] The bridge-type grab unloader 11 in the unloading and entry operation area 1 is supported on two first tracks 12 on both sides of the dock and travels along the first tracks 12 to cover the various hatches of the bulk carrier for material grabbing operations.

[0066] The unloading dock belt conveyor 13 is arranged in the two first tracks 12 corresponding to the bridge grab unloader 11.

[0067] Preferably, the ore storage yard 2 consists of a combined mobile stockpiling system 21 and a combined mobile reclaiming system 22;

[0068] The outbound loading operation area 3 includes a ship loader 31, a fourth track 32 and a ship loading dock belt conveyor 33, which is located behind the ore storage yard area 2.

[0069] Preferably, the ship loader 31 is supported on two fourth rails 32 on both sides of the dock and travels along the fourth rails 32 to cover the loading operations of each hatch of the bulk carrier.

[0070] The ship loading dock belt conveyor 33 is arranged in the two fourth tracks 32 corresponding to the ship loader 31.

[0071] Preferably, the combined mobile stacking system 21 includes a stacker 211, a mobile ore conveyor 212, and a mobile ore discharger 213;

[0072] The stacker 211 is arranged on the second track 23 between material yard 1 and material yard 2, and can travel along the second track 23 to cover the length of the material yard;

[0073] Preferably, the two second tracks 23 corresponding to the stacker 211 are arranged with a feeding belt conveyor 24 from the direction of the unloading dock;

[0074] Preferably, the mobile ore conveyor 212 is about 40m long and consists of a steel frame 2121, a short conveyor 2122, a tail guide chute 2123, a head funnel 2124 and a lower walking mechanism 2125. The tail guide chute 2123 is arranged obliquely to reduce the height of the tail structure, while the area near the head is arranged horizontally.

[0075] Preferably, the walking mechanism 2125 is located below the steel structure frame 2121, adopts a tire-type or track-type structure, and is arranged in two sets at the front and rear, which can turn on the spot to improve the flexibility of use.

[0076] Preferably, the mobile ore discharge machine 213 also consists of a steel frame, a short conveyor, a tail guide chute, and a lower walking mechanism. The only difference is that the short conveyor is arranged at an angle of about 13° to raise the head height and meet the requirements for stacking ore piles.

[0077] Preferably, the combined mobile stockpiling system 21 employs different combinations of mobile ore conveyors 212 during stockpiling operations (see attached diagram). Figure 2 It is a set of 3 units, with... Figure 3 (Two units combined) to adapt to changes in the fabric's position.

[0078] The combined mobile material handling system 22 includes a tracked bucket wheel excavator 221, a mobile conveyor 212, and a receiving hopper 222;

[0079] Preferably, the tracked bucket wheel mining machine 221 consists of a bucket wheel 2211, a receiving short conveyor 2212, a discharging short conveyor 2213, and a tracked walking mechanism 2214;

[0080] Preferably, the bucket wheel 2211 is arranged at the head of the receiving short conveyor 2212;

[0081] Preferably, the receiving short conveyor 2212 and the discharging short conveyor 2213 can each rotate independently around the rotation center to achieve different angle combinations with the mobile ore conveyor 212;

[0082] The bucket wheel mining machine 221 generates a large load during operation. The use of a tracked walking mechanism 2214 is beneficial to improve the overall stability of the equipment and can reduce the pressure on the stockpile.

[0083] The receiving hopper 222 is supported on two third tracks 25 in the stockyard by its two side legs, and can travel along the third tracks 25 to cover the length of the stockyard. The exit conveyor belt 26 is arranged in the two third tracks 25 corresponding to the receiving hopper 222.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] This embodiment, based on the above embodiments, introduces a loading and unloading operation method for an ore terminal loading and unloading system:

[0086] An operation method for an ore terminal loading and unloading system, using the aforementioned ore terminal storage yard loading and unloading system, is characterized by being divided into two aspects: ore unloading from ships to the storage yard for stockpiling and storage, and ore storage yard material retrieval to the terminal for loading.

[0087] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first section of the material placement and retrieving plan of an ore terminal loading and unloading operation system according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of material placement and the third section of material handling in an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the unloading dock. Figure 5 for Figure 2 BB shown is a schematic diagram of the first section of the ore storage yard for material placement. Figure 6 for Figure 3 CC shown is a schematic diagram of the second section of the ore storage yard for material placement.

[0088] The ore unloading and stockpiling operation at the storage yard includes the following steps:

[0089] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first section of the material placement and retrieving plan of an ore terminal loading and unloading operation system according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of material placement and the third section of material handling in an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the unloading dock.

[0090] S1. When a bulk carrier berths at the unloading dock 1, the grab bucket 111 inside the bridge grab unloader 11 grabs ore 14 from the ship's hold and lowers it through the funnel 112 inside the machine to the unloading dock conveyor belt 13, and then transfers it to the inbound conveyor belt 15, and then to the loading conveyor belt 24 in the middle of the No. 1 and No. 2 material yards.

[0091] like Figure 2 , 5 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first section of the material placement and retrieving plan of an ore terminal loading and unloading operation system according to the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 2 BB shown is a schematic diagram of the first section of the ore storage yard for material placement.

[0092] S2. The conveyor belt 24 transfers the ore to the stacker 211. The stacker 211, via the boom conveyor belt 2111 and the head hopper 2112, transfers the ore to several mobile ore conveyors 212 with their heads and tails interlocked (see attached). Figure 2 It is a set of 3 units, with... Figure 3 (Two units combined) The ore is transported to the tail guide chute 2131 of the mobile ore discharge machine 213, and then thrown to the material yard through the head via the short conveyor 2132 inside the machine, forming the entire unloading and stockpiling operation process, completing the first stage of material distribution for the No. 1 stockpile.

[0093] like Figure 3 ,6 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of material placement and the third section of material handling in an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 3 CC shown is a schematic diagram of the second section of the ore storage yard for material placement.

[0094] S3. After the first stage of material placement at material yard #1 is completed, when proceeding with the second stage of material placement, due to the reduced distance between the material pile and the conveyor belt 24, it is necessary to move out some of the mobile ore conveyors 212 (attached). Figure 2 It is a set of 3 units, with... Figure 3 (Two units are combined) and reassembled into a new mobile stockpile system 21, ultimately forming a continuous large stockpile layout, achieving an ore storage capacity that is about twice that of the original traditional wharf stockyard.

[0095] During the S2 operation, the walking mechanisms of the mobile ore conveyor 21 and the mobile ore discharger 213 are arranged along the length of the wharf and combined with the stacker 211 to form a mobile stacking system 21 that can be moved as a whole according to each material placement, thereby continuously extending the material stacking operation.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] This embodiment further introduces an operation method for an ore terminal loading and unloading system based on the above embodiments, specifically involving the operation of taking ore from the ore storage yard to the terminal for loading onto ships.

[0098] The ore storage yard's material collection and loading operation at the dock includes the following steps:

[0099] like Figure 2 , 7 As shown in Figure 9, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first section of the material placement and retrieving plan of an ore terminal loading and unloading operation system according to the present invention. Figure 7 for Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic cross-section of the first section of the ore storage yard. Figure 9 for Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shown in FF is a cross-sectional view of the loading dock.

[0100] S4. After the bucket wheel 2211 of the tracked bucket wheel excavator 221 digs out ore from the stockpile, it is transferred to the discharge short conveyor 2212 via the receiving short conveyor 2213, and then transferred to several mobile ore conveyors 212 with their heads and tails interlocked. The ore then enters the receiving hopper 222, is unloaded into the ground exit conveyor 26, and then is connected to the ship loading dock conveyor 33 via the side exit conveyor 27. The ore is transferred to the boom conveyor 311 inside the ship loader 31 and unloaded into the ship hold, thus realizing the first stage of material handling from the stockyard to the ship loading process.

[0101] like Figure 3 , 8 As shown in Figure 9, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of material placement and the third section of material handling in an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to the present invention. Figure 8 for Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic cross-section of the third section of the ore storage yard for material handling. Figure 9 for Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shown in FF is a cross-sectional view of the loading dock.

[0102] S5. After the first stage of material removal at material yard #2 is completed, when carrying out the second and third stages of material removal, the distance between the material pile and the exit conveyor belt 26 increases. At this time, it is necessary to add some mobile ore conveyors 212 (attached). Figure 2 It is a set of 3 units, with... Figure 3 (Two units are combined) and reassembled into a new mobile material handling system 22 to complete the operation.

[0103] During the S4 operation, the walking mechanisms of the tracked bucket wheel excavator 221 and the mobile conveyor 212 are arranged along the length of the wharf and combined with the receiving bucket 222. The resulting mobile material handling system 22 can move as a whole according to the material handling situation of the tracked bucket wheel excavator 221 each time, thereby realizing the continuous advancement of the material handling operation.

[0104] The ore terminal loading and unloading system of the present invention can realize the layout of large material piles in a continuous manner, improve the ore storage capacity, thereby saving the precious land resources of the port, reducing the investment cost of engineering infrastructure, and improving the operational flexibility and economic benefits of the terminal by covering the entire site with mobile equipment, which is conducive to creating a resource-intensive and economically efficient port.

[0105] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, integrations, and parameter alterations to these embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention, achieved through conventional substitutions or by achieving the same function without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ore terminal loading and unloading operation system, characterized in that, It consists of three parts: the unloading and entry operation area (1), the ore storage yard area (2), and the loading and exit operation area (3). The unloading and entry operation area (1) is located in front of the ore storage yard area (2), including a bridge grab unloader (11), a first track (12) unloading wharf belt conveyor (13); The bridge grab unloader (11) of the unloading entry operation area (1) is supported on both sides by the two first rails (12) of the wharf, and moves along the first rails (12) to cover the various hatches of the bulk carrier for grabbing operations. The unloading dock conveyor (13) is arranged in the two first tracks (12) corresponding to the bridge grab unloader (11); The ore storage yard (2) consists of a combined mobile stockpiling system (21) and a combined mobile reclaiming system (22); The loading and unloading area (3) includes a ship loader (31), a fourth track (32) and a ship loading dock conveyor (33), which is located behind the ore storage yard area (2); The ship loader (31) has its two side legs supported on two fourth rails (32) at the dock and travels along the fourth rails (32) to cover the loading operations of each hatch of the bulk carrier. The ship loading dock belt conveyor (33) is arranged in the two fourth tracks (32) corresponding to the ship loader (31).

2. The ore terminal loading and unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined mobile stacking system (21) includes a stacker (211), a mobile ore conveyor (212), and a mobile ore discharger (213); The stacker (211) is arranged on the second track (23) between the No. 1 and No. 2 material yards, and can travel along the second track (23) to cover the length of the material yards; The two second tracks (23) corresponding to the stacker (211) are equipped with a feeding belt (24) from the direction of the unloading dock; The mobile ore conveyor (212) is about 40m long and consists of a steel frame (2121), a short conveyor (2122), a tail guide chute (2123), a head funnel (2124), and a lower traveling mechanism (2125). The tail guide chute (2123) is arranged at an angle to reduce the height of the tail structure, while the area near the head is arranged horizontally. The walking mechanism (2125) is located below the steel structure frame (2121), adopts a tire-type or track-type structure, and is arranged in two groups at the front and rear, which can turn on the spot to improve the flexibility of use. The mobile ore discharge machine (213) also consists of a steel frame, a short conveyor, a tail guide chute and a lower walking mechanism. The only difference is that the short conveyor is arranged at an angle of about 13° to raise the head height and meet the requirements for stacking ore piles.

3. The ore terminal loading and unloading system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The combined mobile stacking system (21) uses different combinations of mobile conveyors (212) during the stacking operation to adapt to changes in the material placement position.

4. The ore terminal loading and unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined mobile material handling system (22) includes a tracked bucket wheel excavator (221), a mobile conveyor (212), and a receiving hopper (222); The tracked bucket wheel mining machine (221) consists of a bucket wheel (2211), a receiving short conveyor (2212), a discharging short conveyor (2213), and a tracked walking mechanism (2214); The bucket wheel (2211) is arranged at the head of the receiving short conveyor (2212); The receiving short conveyor (2212) and the discharging short conveyor (2213) can each rotate independently around the rotation center to achieve different angle combinations with the mobile ore conveyor (212); The bucket wheel mining machine (221) generates a large load during operation. The use of a tracked walking mechanism (2214) is beneficial to improve the overall stability of the equipment and can reduce the pressure on the stockpile. The receiving hopper (222) is supported on two third tracks (25) of the stockyard by its two side legs. It can travel along the third tracks (25) to cover the length of the stockyard. The exit conveyor belt (26) is arranged in the two third tracks (25) corresponding to the receiving hopper (222).

5. A method for operating an ore terminal loading and unloading system, using the ore terminal loading and unloading system described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It is divided into two aspects: ore unloading from ships to stockpiling and storage operations, and ore storage yard retrieval and loading operations at the dock. The ore unloading and stockpiling operation includes three parts: dock unloading, first-stage fabric placement, and second-stage fabric placement. The ore storage yard's material collection and loading operation at the dock is divided into three stages: the first, second, and third stages.

6. The method for operating an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ore unloading and stockpiling operation at the storage yard includes the following steps: S1. When a bulk carrier berths at the unloading terminal, the grab bucket (111) inside the bridge grab unloader (11) grabs ore (14) from the ship's hold and lowers it through the funnel (112) inside the machine to the unloading terminal conveyor belt (13), and then transfers it to the inbound conveyor belt (15), and then to the loading conveyor belt (24) in the middle of the No. 1 and No. 2 material yards; S2. The material conveyor belt (24) transfers the ore into the stacker (211). The stacker (211) is transferred through the boom conveyor belt (2111) and the head hopper (2112) into several mobile ore conveyors (212) with their heads and tails interlocked. The ore is then transported to the tail guide chute (2131) of the mobile ore discharge machine (213). After passing through the short conveyor belt (2132) inside the machine, the ore is thrown to the material yard through the head, forming the entire unloading and stacking operation process, and completing the first stage of material distribution for the No. 1 material pile. S3. When the first section of material placement is completed in the No. 1 material yard, the distance between the material pile and the feeding conveyor belt (24) becomes smaller. At this time, some mobile ore conveyors (212) need to be moved out and reassembled into a new mobile material stacking system (21), so as to form a continuous large material pile layout and realize that the ore storage capacity is about twice that of the original traditional wharf material yard.

7. The method for operating an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the S2 operation, the walking mechanisms of the mobile ore conveyor (212) and the mobile ore discharger (213) are arranged along the length of the wharf and combined with the stacker (211) to form a mobile stacking system (21) that can be moved as a whole according to each material distribution situation, thereby continuously extending the material stacking operation.

8. The operation method of an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ore storage yard's material collection and loading operation at the dock includes the following steps: S4. The bucket wheel (2211) of the tracked bucket wheel excavator (221) digs out ore from the stockpile and then transfers it to the discharge short conveyor (2213) via the receiving short conveyor (2212). After that, it is transferred to several mobile ore conveyors (212) with their heads and tails connected together, and then enters the receiving bucket (222). It is then unloaded into the ground exit conveyor (26) and then connected to the ship loading dock conveyor (33) via the side exit conveyor (27). The ore is transferred to the boom conveyor (311) inside the ship loader (31) and unloaded into the ship hold, thus realizing the first stage of material handling operation from the stockyard to the ship loading. S5. After the first stage of material collection in the No. 2 material yard is completed, when the second and third stages of material collection are carried out, the distance between the material pile and the exit conveyor belt (26) increases. At this time, some mobile ore conveyors (212) need to be added and reassembled into a new mobile material collection system (22) to complete the operation.

9. The method for operating an ore terminal loading and unloading system according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the S4 operation, the walking mechanisms of the tracked bucket wheel excavator (221) and the mobile conveyor (212) are arranged along the length of the wharf and combined with the receiving bucket (222) to form a mobile material handling system (22). The mobile material handling system (22) can be moved as a whole according to the material handling situation of the tracked bucket wheel excavator (221) each time, thereby realizing the continuous advancement of the material handling operation.

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