A hydraulic engineering dredging device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a dredging device and method for water conservancy projects. The device includes two tunneling dredging mechanisms, each equipped with a reciprocating transmission mechanism rotatably connected to an assembly base. A drive mechanism is also mounted on the assembly base. The method includes mounting the assembly base on a traveling vehicle or dredging vessel; controlling the assembly base to extend the tunneling dredging mechanisms to the bottom of the water; controlling the drive mechanism to operate the tunneling dredging mechanisms; maneuvering the traveling vehicle or dredging vessel on a river or waterway; the tunneling dredging mechanisms lifting silt and rocks to the riverbanks or the dredging vessel; and when dredging slopes, adjusting the assembly base to allow the tunneling dredging mechanisms to dredge the riverbank or waterway slopes. This invention is adaptable to dredging operations in different types of water bodies, is simple to operate, can dredge underwater or slopes, has extremely high dredging efficiency, and reduces dredging costs. This invention is applicable to the technical field of water conservancy project dredging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, specifically, it relates to a water conservancy engineering dredging device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in water conservancy projects, the large amount of silt and other debris carried by the water flow causes significant silt accumulation in rivers and other waterways, leading to blockages. Therefore, regular dredging operations are necessary to clear these blockages and prevent disruption to normal production and daily life. Conventional dredging equipment includes excavators and dredging vessels. Excavators are typically used for dredging riverbanks or waterways, and can also be mounted on ships to remove underwater silt as the vessels travel across the water. Dredging vessels are generally used for dredging reservoirs, lakes, and sea areas. Of these two methods, excavators have lower dredging efficiency and a narrower range of applications, and cannot dredge deeper waters. Dredging vessels have a more complex structure, higher dredging costs, and cannot dredge riverbanks or river slopes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a dredging device and method for water conservancy projects, which can be adapted to dredging operations in different types of water areas. It is simple to operate, can dredge underwater or on slopes, and has extremely high dredging efficiency, effectively reducing dredging costs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A dredging device for water conservancy projects includes two tunneling dredging mechanisms that are rotatably mounted side by side on an assembly base. A reciprocating transmission mechanism is constructed at one end of each tunneling dredging mechanism near the assembly base. The reciprocating transmission mechanism is rotatably connected to the assembly base. A drive mechanism for driving the two tunneling dredging mechanisms to rotate in opposite directions is mounted on the assembly base.

[0006] Furthermore, the tunneling dredging mechanism includes a tunneling dredging cylinder connected to a reciprocating transmission mechanism at one end of its axial direction, and a tunneling blade or tunneling cutter blade that extends spirally along its axis is constructed on the outer circumferential surface of the tunneling dredging cylinder. A tunneling head that can move along the axial direction of the tunneling dredging cylinder is elastically connected to the end of the tunneling dredging cylinder away from the mounting base.

[0007] Furthermore, an external fitting is coaxially constructed at one end of the tunneling dredging cylinder near the tunneling head, and multiple insertion slots are evenly constructed along the circumference of the external fitting. An internal fitting is coaxially constructed at one end of the tunneling head near the tunneling dredging cylinder, and multiple insertion strips are evenly constructed along the circumference of the outer circumference of the internal fitting, each insertion strip being movably inserted into a corresponding insertion slot. A rigid spring is provided inside the external fitting, and the two ends of the rigid spring are fixedly connected to the external fitting and the internal fitting respectively. Multiple guide ports are evenly opened along the circumference of the internal fitting.

[0008] Furthermore, the insertion slot is a spiral guide groove that extends spirally along the axis of the outer fitting, the insertion strip is a spiral guide strip that extends spirally along the axis of the inner fitting, and the spiral guide strip is movably adapted to the corresponding spiral guide groove, and the through port is a spiral opening that extends spirally along the axis of the inner fitting.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple assembly strips are uniformly constructed along the circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the tunneling dredging cylinder, and each assembly strip extends along the axial direction of the tunneling dredging cylinder; multiple assembly ports are spaced apart on the side of the tunneling blade or tunneling cutter near the tunneling dredging cylinder, and each assembly port engages with the corresponding assembly strip.

[0010] Furthermore, the peripheral wall of the tunneling dredging cylinder is covered with drainage holes, and a conveying blade extending spirally along the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder is constructed inside the tunneling dredging cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a transition sleeve is constructed at one end of the tunneling dredging cylinder near the mounting base. The diameter of the transition sleeve gradually decreases along the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder toward the mounting base. A connecting sleeve is constructed at the small diameter end of the transition sleeve, which coincides with the axis of the transition sleeve. The end of the connecting sleeve away from the transition sleeve is connected by a reciprocating transmission mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the reciprocating transmission mechanism includes a guide post fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve and coinciding with the axis of the connecting sleeve. A insertion hole is provided at the end of the guide post away from the connecting sleeve. A limiting strip is constructed on the peripheral wall of the insertion hole, extending along the axis of the guide post. One end of a plug rod is movably inserted into the insertion hole along the axis of the guide post, and a guide groove extending axially is constructed on the peripheral wall of the plug rod. The limiting strip is adapted to the guide groove. The other end of the plug rod is rotatably connected to the mounting base. A connecting spring is fitted around the plug rod, with both ends rotatably connected to the mounting base and the guide post, respectively. A connecting plate is constructed on the mounting base, and a limiting pin is threaded onto the connecting plate. A closed-loop curved groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the guide post, with the end of the limiting pin extending into the curved groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a straight hydraulic turbine, or a conical hydraulic turbine. Each of the tunneling dredging mechanisms is coaxially connected to a transmission gear, and the transmission gears on two tunneling dredging mechanisms mesh with each other. The output shaft of the drive motor is coaxially connected to one of the transmission gears. The straight hydraulic turbine includes a straight impeller mounted on a transmission shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tunneling dredging mechanism. A straight impeller housing is provided over the straight impeller, and one axial end of the straight impeller housing is sealed by an end cap. The conical hydraulic turbine includes a conical impeller mounted on a shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tunneling dredging mechanism. The small-diameter end of the conical impeller faces away from the mounting base, and a conical impeller housing is provided over the conical impeller. The small-diameter end of the conical impeller housing forms a drainage outlet.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a method for using the above-mentioned water conservancy engineering dredging device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. Install the mounting base on the traveling vehicle or dredging vessel, and control the mounting base to move downwards until the tunneling dredging mechanism on it extends to the bottom of the water.

[0016] S2. Control the drive mechanism to drive the two tunneling dredging mechanisms to move synchronously towards each other. At the same time, the reciprocating transmission mechanism drives each tunneling dredging mechanism to move back and forth, so that the silt and rocks accumulated underwater gradually loosen.

[0017] S3. After that, maneuver the vehicle or dredging vessel on the river or waterway.

[0018] S4. The tunneling dredging mechanism lifts underwater silt and rocks, gradually raising them to the sides of the river or onto the dredging vessel.

[0019] S5. When dredging the riverbank or the slope of the waterway, adjust the position and angle of the mounting base so that the tunneling dredging mechanism tilts and fits against the riverbank or the slope of the waterway. Driven by the drive mechanism, the tunneling dredging mechanism performs dredging operations on the riverbank or the slope of the waterway.

[0020] The present invention, by adopting the above-described structure, achieves a technological advancement compared to the prior art in that: the water conservancy engineering dredging device of the present invention is installed on a traveling vehicle or a dredging vessel. The traveling vehicle is mainly used for dredging the banks and slopes of rivers or waterways, while the dredging vessel is mainly used for dredging deeper waters. During dredging and desilting operations, the position and angle of the mounting base and the tunneling dredging mechanism are adjusted so that the tunneling dredging mechanism extends to the bottom of the water or adheres to the slope. Then, the drive mechanism is controlled to drive the tunneling dredging mechanism to remove silt, mud, and other debris. During the removal process, the reciprocating transmission mechanism drives the tunneling dredging mechanism to move back and forth along its axis, thereby loosening the blocked area and preventing inefficient dredging due to excessively dense settlement layers in the blocked area. The tunneling dredging mechanism gradually lifts silt and rocks to both sides of the river or onto the dredging vessel. In summary, this invention can adapt to dredging operations in different types of waters, is simple to operate, and can dredge underwater or on slopes with extremely high efficiency, effectively reducing dredging costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0022] In the attached diagram:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure with a filter screen installed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at part A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an axial structural cross-sectional view of a tunneling dredging mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is an axial structural cross-sectional view of another tunneling dredging mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the reciprocating transmission mechanism and the mounting base and the tunneling dredging mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a top view of the structure of the reciprocating transmission mechanism of the present invention, in which the guide column and the plug rod are interlocked.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tunneling dredging cylinder and the tunneling head in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial structural diagram of a tunnel boring machine after the dredging cylinder and tunneling head have been separated.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tunneling dredging cylinder and the tunneling blades in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tunneling dredging cylinder and the tunneling blades in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunneling dredging cylinder and the tunneling blade after disassembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tunneling dredging mechanism and the conical hydraulic turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Enlarged view of the structure of part B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the shaft and the conical impeller in an embodiment of the conical hydraulic turbine of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple sets of water conservancy engineering dredging devices connected in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tunneling dredging mechanism and the straight hydraulic turbine in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Components labeled: 100-Dredging mechanism, 101-Dredging cylinder, 102-Dredging blades, 103-External fittings, 104-Insertion slot, 105-Internal fittings, 106-Connecting strip, 107-Guide port, 108-Dredging head, 109-Rotary rib, 110-Hard spring, 111-Conveying blade, 112-Transition sleeve, 113-Connecting sleeve, 114-Helical rib, 115-Helical guide bar, 116-Helical opening, 117-Helical guide groove, 118-Assembly strip, 119-Dredging blade, 120-Assembly port, 121-Cut blade, 122-Guide hose, 200-Reciprocating transmission mechanism, 201-Guide column, 202-Curved groove, 203-Insertion rod, 204-Connecting spring. 205-Restriction pin, 206-Limiting strip, 207-Guide groove, 300-Assembly seat, 301-Connecting plate, 400-Transmission gear, 500-Drive motor, 600-Filter screen, 601-Connecting seat, 602-Screen body, 603-Warped edge, 604-First connecting arm, 605-Second connecting arm, 606-Locking bolt, 700-Conical hydraulic motor, 701-Fixing sleeve, 702-Conical impeller housing, 703-Inlet connector, 704-Drain outlet, 705-Shaft, 706-Conical impeller, 800-Crossbeam, 801-Guide channel, 802-Connecting main pipe, 900-Straight hydraulic motor, 901-Straight impeller, 902-Straight impeller housing, 903-End cover, 904-Drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0042] This invention discloses a dredging device for water conservancy projects, such as... Figure 1-17 As shown, the system includes a mounting base 300, a drive mechanism, a reciprocating transmission mechanism 200, and two tunneling dredging mechanisms 100, which are rotatably mounted side-by-side on the mounting base 300. The reciprocating transmission mechanism 200 is located at one end of each tunneling dredging mechanism 100 near the mounting base 300 and is rotatably connected to the mounting base 300. The drive mechanism is mounted on the mounting base 300 and drives the two tunneling dredging mechanisms 100 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0043] The present invention also discloses a method for using the above-mentioned water conservancy engineering dredging device, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1. Install the mounting base 300 on the traveling vehicle or dredging vessel, and control the mounting base 300 to move downwards until the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 on it extends to the bottom of the water.

[0045] S2. Control the drive mechanism to drive the two tunneling dredging mechanisms 100 to move synchronously towards each other. At the same time, the reciprocating transmission mechanism 200 drives each tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to reciprocate, so that the silt and rocks accumulated underwater gradually loosen.

[0046] S3. After that, maneuver the vehicle or dredging vessel on the river or waterway.

[0047] S4, the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 lifts underwater silt and rocks, so that the silt and rocks are gradually lifted to both sides of the river or to the dredging vessel.

[0048] S5. When dredging the riverbank or the slope of the water body, adjust the position and angle of the mounting base 300 so that the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 tilts and fits against the riverbank or the slope of the water body. Driven by the drive mechanism, the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 performs dredging operations on the riverbank or the slope of the water body.

[0049] The working principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: the water conservancy engineering dredging device of this invention is installed on a mobile vehicle or a dredging vessel. The mobile vehicle is mainly used for dredging the banks and slopes of rivers or waterways, while the dredging vessel is mainly used for dredging deeper waters. During dredging and desilting operations, the position and angle of the mounting base 300 and the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 are adjusted so that the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 extends to the bottom of the water or adheres to the slope. Then, the drive mechanism is controlled to drive the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to remove silt, mud, and other debris. During the removal process, the reciprocating transmission mechanism 200 drives the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to move back and forth along its axis, thereby loosening the blocked area and preventing inefficient dredging due to excessively dense settlement layers in the blocked area. The tunneling dredging mechanism 100 gradually lifts the silt and rocks to both sides of the river or onto the dredging vessel. In summary, this invention can adapt to dredging operations in different types of waters, is simple to operate, and can dredge underwater or on slopes with extremely high efficiency, effectively reducing dredging costs.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2-4As shown in Figures 10-11, the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 includes a tunneling dredging cylinder 101 and a tunneling head 108. One axial end of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 is connected to a reciprocating transmission mechanism 200. Tunneling blades 102 or tunneling cutters 119 are constructed on the outer circumferential surface of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, and the tunneling blades 102 or tunneling cutters 119 extend helically along the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. In this embodiment, the tunneling head 108 is elastically connected to the end of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 away from the mounting base 300, and the tunneling head 108 is movable along the axial direction of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. The specific connection method between the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 and the tunneling head 108 is as follows: an external fitting 103 is constructed at the end of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 near the tunneling head 108. The axis of the external fitting 103 coincides with the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. Multiple insertion slots 104 are constructed on the peripheral wall of the external fitting 103, and these insertion slots 104 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the external fitting 103. In this embodiment, an internal fitting 105 is constructed at the end of the tunneling head 108 near the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. The axis of the internal fitting 105 coincides with the axis of the tunneling head 108. Multiple insertion strips 106 are constructed on the outer peripheral wall of the internal fitting 105. These insertion strips 106 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the internal fitting 105, and each insertion strip 106 is movably inserted into a corresponding insertion slot 104. In this embodiment, a rigid spring 110 is installed inside the outer fitting 103. The two ends of the rigid spring 110 are fixedly connected to the outer fitting 103 and the inner fitting 105, respectively. Multiple guide ports 107 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner fitting 105. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: the two tunneling dredging mechanisms 100 described in this embodiment can simultaneously remove large stones and small silt. Specifically, the drive mechanism is controlled to drive the two tunneling dredging mechanisms 100 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. Thus, the tunneling dredging cylinders 101 rotate in opposite directions, and smaller particles of sand, gravel, and silt enter the tunneling dredging cylinders 101 through the guide ports 107. Under the conveying action of the tunneling dredging cylinders 101, these particles are lifted out. In the blocked area, larger stones and other objects cannot enter the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 through the guide port 107. During the rotation of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, the tunneling blades 102 on the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 gradually transport the stones and other objects to the dredging vessel or the shore. Moreover, the tunneling head 108 can effectively dredge the blocked area, causing the silt layer in the blocked area to gradually loosen. At the same time, during the rotation of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, the tunneling blades 102 on it also excavate the blocked area, thereby improving the dredging efficiency.When clearing debris from the riverbank or the slope of a waterway, the position and angle of the dredging cylinder 101 are adjusted so that it is close to or against the riverbank or slope. As the dredging cylinder 101 is driven to rotate, the dredging blades 102 or dredging cutters 119 on the dredging cylinder 101 spirally remove silt, debris, weeds, etc., from the riverbank or slope and gradually transport them upwards, so that the removed debris is gradually transported to both sides of the river or the bank. Moreover, in this embodiment, when encountering relatively hard objects, the dredging cylinder 101 reciprocates along its own axis under the transmission of the reciprocating transmission mechanism 200, thereby enabling the dredging head 108 to reciprocate and strike the hard object, causing it to break. During the striking process, the dredging head 108 also performs elastic reciprocating motion, ensuring that the hard object is broken while avoiding damage to the dredging head 108. In this embodiment, the inner fitting 105 of the tunneling head 108 is reciprocated and inserted into the outer fitting 103 at different depths, causing the diameter of the guide opening 107 to change accordingly. This reciprocating guide opening 107 prevents large hard debris from getting stuck in it when guiding small pieces of hard material. Specifically, when a large hard debris gets stuck in the guide opening 107, the reciprocating inner fitting 105 moves the large debris, causing it to collide with the outer fitting 103. Under the action of the outer fitting 103, the large hard debris stuck in the guide opening 107 is cleared away. In this embodiment, multiple rotary drilling ribs 109 are uniformly constructed along the circumference of the outer surface of the tunneling head 108. These rotary drilling ribs 109 work in conjunction with the rotation of the tunneling head 108 to perform rotary drilling operations on the target area, improving rotary drilling efficiency.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8-9As shown, the insertion slot 104 is a spiral guide groove 117 extending spirally along the axis of the outer fitting 103, the insertion strip 106 is a spiral guide strip 115 extending spirally along the axis of the inner fitting 105, and the spiral guide strip 115 is movably adapted within the corresponding spiral guide groove 117. The guide port 107 is a spiral opening 116 extending spirally along the axis of the inner fitting 105, and the rotary drilling rib 109 is a spiral rib 114 extending spirally along the axis of the drilling head 108. In this embodiment, when breaking hard rocks or hard sedimentary layers, the drilling head 108 reciprocates in contact with the hard object. During the contact process between the drilling head 108 and the hard object, the drilling head 108 presses against the hard object, and under the action of the spiral guide strip 115 and the spiral guide groove 117, the drilling head 108 passively rotates, thereby causing the drilling head 108 to perform rotary drilling on the hard object. During the reciprocating motion of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, the tunneling head 108 rotates and reciprocates with the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, causing the tunneling head 108 to repeatedly impact the hard object. Moreover, the rotary drilling speed of the tunneling head 108 after contacting the hard object is greater than the rotational speed of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, thereby improving its efficiency in breaking up hard objects.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 10-12 As shown, multiple mounting strips 118 are constructed on the outer circumferential surface of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. These mounting strips 118 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, and each mounting strip 118 extends along the axial direction of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. In this embodiment, multiple mounting openings 120 are constructed at intervals on the side of the tunneling blade 102 or the tunneling cutter 119 near the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. Each mounting opening 120 engages with a corresponding mounting strip 118. In this embodiment, multiple cutting blades 121 are constructed at intervals on the tunneling blade 119 along its spiral extension direction. These cutting blades 121 are used to disturb relatively hard sediment layers or to cut debris, aquatic plants, etc. on the slope, so that relatively stubborn debris and aquatic plants can be easily removed. In this embodiment, different tunneling blades 102 and tunneling cutters 119 can be replaced according to different occasions to efficiently remove silt, weeds, etc. Moreover, the tunneling blades 102 and tunneling cutters 119 can be fixed to the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 by multiple bolts, that is, one end of each bolt passes through the tunneling blade 102 or the tunneling cutter 119, and then is threaded together with the tunneling dredging cylinder 101.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3-4As shown, the outer periphery of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 can be closed, meaning the outer periphery of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 is isolated from the outside. In this way, the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 dredges through the guide port 107 at the tunneling head 108, and silt, mud, and sand enter the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 through the guide port 107. In this embodiment, the peripheral wall of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 can also be covered with drainage holes, and a conveying blade 111 can be constructed inside the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, which extends spirally along the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: When the dredging tube 101 of this embodiment is not equipped with conveying blades 111, the silt, sediment, and water mix to form a turbid flow. A guide hose 122 is connected to the end of the dredging tube 101 away from the dredging head 108. This guide hose 122 is connected to a sludge pump on the water. Under the suction of the sludge pump, the silt, sediment, etc., are gradually lifted through the dredging tube 101 and the guide hose 122, and finally discharged to the shore or dredging vessel. When the dredging tube 101 of this embodiment is equipped with conveying blades 111, during the rotation of the dredging tube 101, the silt, sediment, etc., enter the dredging tube 101 and are gradually lifted under the action of the conveying blades 111 until they detach from the dredging tube 101 and are discharged to the shore or dredging vessel. In this embodiment, a tunneling dredging cylinder 101 with drainage holes can be used. This tunneling dredging cylinder 101 is used to remove silt, debris, etc. with larger particle size. During the rotation of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101, debris, silt, etc. enter the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 through the guide port 107. Water and small-particle silt in the silt are discharged from the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 through the drainage holes, so that the silt and water lifted to the shore or dredging vessel are separated.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , 3As shown in Figure 4, a transition sleeve 112 is constructed at the end of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 near the mounting base 300. The diameter of the transition sleeve 112 gradually decreases along the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 towards the mounting base 300. A connecting sleeve 113 is constructed at the smaller diameter end of the transition sleeve 112. The axis of the connecting sleeve 113 coincides with the axis of the transition sleeve 112, and the end of the connecting sleeve 113 away from the transition sleeve 112 is connected to a reciprocating transmission mechanism 200. In this embodiment, due to the setting of the transition sleeve 112, large-diameter stones and other debris are gradually lifted and placed between the two transition sleeves 112 by the conveying of the two tunneling blades 102, and then fall through the gap between the two transition sleeves 112 directly onto the receiving trough of the dredging vessel or the traveling vehicle. In this embodiment, the transition sleeve 112 can be filled with discharge holes, which are used to discharge silt, sediment, etc., conveyed from the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. As the dredging cylinder 101 is driven to rotate, the reciprocating transmission mechanism 200 simultaneously drives the dredging cylinder 101 to reciprocate, thereby promoting the rapid discharge of silt and sediment from the transition sleeve 112. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a filter screen 600 is installed between the mounting base 300 and the tunneling dredging cylinder 101. The filter screen 600 includes a connecting base 601 fixedly connected to the two tunneling dredging cylinders 101. The connecting base 601 pivotally connects two opposing screen bodies 602. These two screen bodies 602 are located below the transition sleeve 112, and the ends of the two screen bodies 602 that are connected to each other protrude upwards. The two screen bodies 602 gradually extend downwards and outwards from the ends that are connected to each other. At the ends of the two screen bodies 602 that are far apart from each other, respectively, a raised edge 603 is constructed. In this embodiment, the two screen bodies 602 are respectively hinged to a first connecting arm 604. The end of each first connecting arm 604 that is far away from the screen body 602 is connected to a second connecting arm 605 by a locking bolt 606. The end of the second connecting arm 605 that is far away from the first connecting arm 604 is hinged to the mounting base 300. The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: silt and sand fall onto the screen body 602 through the discharge holes of the transition sleeve 112. Simultaneously, the filter screen 600, driven by the reciprocating transmission mechanism 200, reciprocates to sift the silt and sand, causing small-diameter impurities to fall through the screen body 602, while larger-diameter impurities are separated to both sides of the screen body 602 via the raised edge 603, facilitating classification and collection. Extremely large-diameter impurities are transported to the two transition sleeves 112 via the digging blades 102, then fall onto the screen body 602 through the gap between the two transition sleeves 112, and are gradually sifted away from the screen body 602 via the raised edge 603. In this embodiment, the sieving efficiency and sieving effect can be changed by adjusting the connection angle between the first connecting arm 604 and the second connecting arm 605, thereby adjusting the connection angle between the screen body 602 and the connecting seat 601.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5-6 As shown, the reciprocating transmission mechanism 200 includes a guide post 201, a plug-in rod 203, and a connecting spring 204. One end of the guide post 201 is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve 113, and the axis of the guide post 201 coincides with the axis of the connecting sleeve 113. A plug-in hole is provided at the end of the guide post 201 away from the connecting sleeve 113. A limiting strip 206 is constructed on the peripheral wall of the plug-in hole, extending along the axis of the guide post 201. In this embodiment, one end of the plug-in rod 203 is movably inserted into the plug-in hole along the axis of the guide post 201, and a guide groove 207 extending axially is constructed on the peripheral wall of the plug-in rod 203. The limiting strip 206 is adapted within the guide groove 207. The other end of the plug-in rod 203 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 300. In this embodiment, the connecting spring 204 is fitted onto the plug rod 203, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the mounting base 300 and the guide post 201, respectively. In this embodiment, a connecting plate 301 is constructed on the mounting base 300, and a limiting pin 205 is threaded onto the connecting plate 301. A closed-loop curved groove 202 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the guide post 201, and the end of the limiting pin 205 extends into the curved groove 202. The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 is driven to rotate, which in turn causes the guide post 201 to rotate. During the rotation of the guide post 201, the limiting pin 205 remains within the curved groove 202. Thus, under the action of the limiting pin 205 and the curved groove 202, the guide post 201 drives the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to reciprocate along the axis of the guide post 201, thereby enabling the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to reciprocate and drill through the sediment layer. Meanwhile, when the tunneling dredging cylinder 101 is covered with drainage holes or the transition sleeve 112 is covered with discharge holes, the reciprocating tunneling dredging cylinder 101 or transition sleeve 112 reciprocates to vibrate and screen the debris and silt inside, so as to separate them from the water or quickly detach them from the transition sleeve 112.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a drive motor 500, a straight hydraulic motor 900, or a conical hydraulic motor 700. Each tunneling dredging mechanism 100 is coaxially connected to a transmission gear 400, and the transmission gears 400 on two tunneling dredging mechanisms 100 mesh with each other. Figure 1 As shown, the output shaft of the drive motor 500 is coaxially connected to a transmission gear 400; as Figure 17As shown, the straight hydraulic turbine 900 includes a straight impeller 901 mounted on a drive shaft 904, which is coaxially connected to the tunneling dredging mechanism 100. A straight impeller housing 902 is provided over the straight impeller 901, and one axial end of the straight impeller housing 902 is sealed by an end cap 903. In this embodiment, pressurized water is pumped into the straight impeller housing 902, causing the pressurized water to drive the straight impeller 901 to rotate. During the rotation of the straight impeller 901, the straight impeller 901 drives the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to rotate via the drive shaft 904. Figure 13-15 As shown, the conical hydraulic turbine 700 includes a conical impeller 706 mounted on a shaft 705, which is coaxially connected to the tunneling dredging mechanism 100. The small-diameter end of the conical impeller 706 faces away from the mounting base 300. A conical impeller housing 702 is provided over the conical impeller 706. A fixing sleeve 701 is coaxially constructed on the large-diameter end of the conical impeller housing 702. The fixing sleeve 701 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 300. A water inlet connector 703 is constructed on the fixing sleeve 701. The small-diameter end of the conical impeller housing 702 forms a drain outlet 704. In this embodiment, pressurized water is pumped into the conical impeller housing 702 through the inlet connector 703, thereby driving the conical impeller 706 to rotate. During the rotation, the conical impeller 706 drives the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to rotate through the shaft 705. The pressurized water flowing into the conical impeller housing 702 is discharged through the outlet 704. The conical hydraulic turbine 700 moves forward under the reaction force of the discharged water, thus achieving the purpose of moving the entire water conservancy project dredging device forward. In this case, the entire water conservancy project dredging device can be lowered to the bottom of the deep water area, and then the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 can be connected to the suction pump on the water surface through a long hose. The suction pump is used to remove the silt from the bottom of the water through the tunneling dredging mechanism 100. In this embodiment, when the drive motor 500 is selected, the drive motor 500 is generally located above the water surface, and the upper part of the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 is also located above the water surface; when the straight hydraulic turbine 900 or the conical hydraulic turbine 700 is selected, the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 is completely inserted into the water body, or the tunneling dredging mechanism 100 is partially inserted into the water body.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 16As shown, multiple dredging devices are arranged side-by-side, with mounting bases 300 on each device mounted on a crossbeam 800. A guide channel 801 is constructed on the crossbeam 800, connecting to the flexible conduit 122 on each tunneling dredging mechanism 100. A connecting main pipe 802 is also connected to the crossbeam 800, linking to a suction pump on the water. Under the suction of the pump, each tunneling dredging mechanism 100 removes underwater sediment, simultaneously controlling the drive motor 500, or controlling the straight hydraulic turbine 900 or the conical hydraulic turbine 700 via water pressure, enabling each tunneling dredging mechanism 100 to perform rotary drilling and tunneling operations. This embodiment uses multiple dredging devices for dredging operations, improving silt removal efficiency.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dredging device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: It includes two tunneling dredging mechanisms that are rotatably mounted side by side on an assembly base. A reciprocating transmission mechanism is constructed at one end of the tunneling dredging mechanism near the assembly base. The reciprocating transmission mechanism is rotatably connected to the assembly base. A drive mechanism for driving the two tunneling dredging mechanisms to rotate in opposite directions is mounted on the assembly base. The tunneling dredging mechanism includes a tunneling dredging cylinder connected to a reciprocating transmission mechanism at one end of its axial direction. Tunneling blades or tunneling cutters are constructed on the outer circumferential surface of the tunneling dredging cylinder, extending spirally along its axis. A tunneling head that can move along the axial direction of the tunneling dredging cylinder is elastically connected to the end of the tunneling dredging cylinder away from the mounting base. The tunneling dredging cylinder has a transition sleeve at one end near the mounting base. The diameter of the transition sleeve gradually decreases along the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder toward the mounting base. A connecting sleeve that coincides with the axis of the transition sleeve is constructed at the small diameter end of the transition sleeve. The end of the connecting sleeve away from the transition sleeve is connected by a reciprocating transmission mechanism. The reciprocating transmission mechanism includes a guide post fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve and coinciding with the axis of the connecting sleeve. A insertion hole is provided at the end of the guide post away from the connecting sleeve. A limiting strip is constructed on the peripheral wall of the insertion hole, extending along the axis of the guide post. One end of a plug rod is movably inserted into the insertion hole along the axis of the guide post, and a guide groove extending axially is constructed on the peripheral wall of the plug rod. The limiting strip is adapted to the guide groove. The other end of the plug rod is rotatably connected to the mounting base. A connecting spring is fitted around the plug rod, with both ends rotatably connected to the mounting base and the guide post, respectively. A connecting plate is constructed on the mounting base, and a limiting pin is threaded onto the connecting plate. A closed-loop curved groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the guide post, with the end of the limiting pin extending into the curved groove.

2. The dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external fitting is coaxially constructed at one end of the tunneling dredging cylinder near the tunneling head, and multiple insertion slots are evenly constructed along the circumference of the external fitting. An internal fitting is coaxially constructed at one end of the tunneling head near the tunneling dredging cylinder, and multiple insertion strips are evenly constructed along the circumference of the outer circumference of the internal fitting, each insertion strip being movably inserted into a corresponding insertion slot. A rigid spring is provided inside the external fitting, and the two ends of the rigid spring are fixedly connected to the external fitting and the internal fitting respectively. Multiple guide ports are evenly opened along the circumference of the internal fitting.

3. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insertion slot is a spiral guide groove that extends spirally along the axis of the outer fitting, the insertion strip is a spiral guide strip that extends spirally along the axis of the inner fitting, and the spiral guide strip is movably adapted to the corresponding spiral guide groove, and the through port is a spiral opening that extends spirally along the axis of the inner fitting.

4. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple assembly strips are uniformly constructed along the circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the tunneling dredging cylinder, and each assembly strip extends along the axial direction of the tunneling dredging cylinder; multiple assembly ports are spaced apart on the side of the tunneling blade or tunneling cutter near the tunneling dredging cylinder, and each assembly port engages with the corresponding assembly strip.

5. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential wall of the tunneling dredging cylinder is covered with drainage holes, and a conveying blade is constructed inside the tunneling dredging cylinder that extends spirally along the axis of the tunneling dredging cylinder.

6. A dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a straight hydraulic turbine, or a conical hydraulic turbine. Each of the tunneling dredging mechanisms is coaxially connected to a transmission gear, and the transmission gears on two tunneling dredging mechanisms mesh with each other. The output shaft of the drive motor is coaxially connected to one of the transmission gears. The straight hydraulic turbine includes a straight impeller mounted on a transmission shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tunneling dredging mechanism. A straight impeller housing is provided over the straight impeller, and one axial end of the straight impeller housing is sealed by an end cap. The conical hydraulic turbine includes a conical impeller mounted on a shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tunneling dredging mechanism. The small-diameter end of the conical impeller faces away from the mounting base. A conical impeller housing is provided over the conical impeller, and the small-diameter end of the conical impeller housing forms a drainage outlet.

7. A method for using the dredging device for water conservancy projects according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the mounting base on the traveling vehicle or dredging vessel, and control the mounting base to move downwards until the tunneling dredging mechanism on it extends to the bottom of the water. S2. Control the drive mechanism to drive the two tunneling dredging mechanisms to move synchronously towards each other. At the same time, the reciprocating transmission mechanism drives each tunneling dredging mechanism to move back and forth, so that the silt and rocks accumulated underwater gradually loosen. S3. After that, maneuver the vehicle or dredging vessel on the river or waterway. S4. The tunneling dredging mechanism lifts underwater silt and rocks, gradually raising them to the sides of the river or onto the dredging vessel. S5. When dredging the riverbank or the slope of the waterway, adjust the position and angle of the mounting base so that the tunneling dredging mechanism tilts and fits against the riverbank or the slope of the waterway. Driven by the drive mechanism, the tunneling dredging mechanism performs dredging operations on the riverbank or the slope of the waterway.

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