Preparation method of titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder for high-conductivity cathode roller

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high-conductivity cathode roller, belonging to the field of electrolytic copper foil production equipment. The method includes the following steps: preparing TA1 industrial pure titanium plates and T2 industrial pure copper plates; performing staggered explosive composite welding on the TA1 titanium plate and T2 copper plate; rolling the titanium-copper explosive composite plate into a circle; welding the opening of the rolled titanium-copper explosive composite plate, wherein the internal copper weld is performed using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and the external titanium weld is performed using friction stir welding; and the external titanium weld is subjected to local laser heating treatment to achieve uniformity between the titanium weld and the base material. The preparation method provided by this invention achieves a stable connection between titanium and copper, which are dissimilar and incompatible metals, simplifies the production process of the titanium cylinder for the cathode roller, improves production efficiency, reduces the amount of machining waste for the titanium cylinder for the cathode roller, and lowers the material cost in the cathode roller manufacturing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic copper foil production equipment technology, and more specifically to a method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller. Background Technology

[0002] The cathode roller is a key piece of equipment in the production of electrolytic copper foil. The copper foil is formed by electrodeposition on the surface of the cathode roller, and is a continuation of the crystalline structure of the cathode roller surface. The microstructure of the cathode roller surface determines the morphology of the bright surface of the electrolytic copper foil. With the rapid development of the electrolytic copper foil industry, the demand for materials with low density, high conductivity, and high corrosion resistance is increasing. In the production of electrolytic copper foil, the cathode roller acts as the cathode, immersed in copper sulfate electrolyte. Copper ions are deposited on the surface of the cathode roller and continuously peeled off. Therefore, the preparation of the cathode roller requires consideration of both corrosion resistance and conductivity in material selection. Industrial pure titanium (TA1) has good corrosion resistance, but its conductivity is poor, only about 3% of that of copper. Therefore, an explosion-bonded composite plate of pure titanium (TA1) and copper (T2) was developed, combining the acid corrosion resistance of pure titanium (TA1) with the excellent conductivity of copper (T2).

[0003] Currently, the main method for preparing the outer cylinder of the cathode roller is to spin-form the TA1 cylinder and then thermally assemble it with the copper-steel structure. This method can lead to uneven bonding between the outer titanium cylinder and the inner copper-steel support structure due to poor cylinder roundness, resulting in uneven conductivity and localized bright oxidation spots during the use of the cathode roller.

[0004] Chinese patent CN102489942B discloses a method for manufacturing a seamless titanium cylinder for cathode rollers. The chemical composition (weight percentage) of the selected titanium ingot is: Fe < 0.06, O < 0.06, C < 0.02, N < 0.02, H < 0.01, with individual impurity elements < 0.05 and the total content of other elements < 0.2%. The selected titanium ingot is expanded and drawn to obtain a blank before ring rolling forming of the titanium cylinder. The spun blank, after being machined, is heated and spun 3-4 times to obtain a preliminary cathode roller titanium cylinder. The preliminary cathode roller titanium cylinder is then annealed to obtain the final formed cathode roller titanium cylinder. With reasonable parameter control, this invention yields a titanium cylinder with an ellipticity ≤ 3 mm, a diameter tolerance ≤ 2 mm, a wall thickness tolerance ≤ 0.5 mm, and a microstructure with a grain size of 6-8 grades according to metallographic analysis. However, since the seamless titanium cylinder used for the cathode roller cannot achieve zero ellipticity and straightness, poor bonding will occur when it is thermally assembled with the conductive and supporting structures. This will result in uneven conductivity and localized bright oxidation spots on the cathode roller during later use.

[0005] Chinese patent CN1740403A discloses a manufacturing method for a large-size titanium cathode roller and a composite high-current cathode roller made from this material. The manufacturing method involves: heating both ends of a titanium plate and then molding it to form flanges of a certain height; rolling the titanium plate into a cylinder, joining the molded flanges together, and welding the joint completely; heating the weld and then forging it; rolling the forged weld; and finally heat-treating the entire titanium cylinder. The main shaft of the composite high-current cathode roller made from this material is located axially inside the roller. The roller is fixedly connected to the main shaft via conductive wheels and copper conductive plates. Both ends of the roller are sealed with end plates. The roller is formed by heat fitting of an outer titanium cylinder and an inner steel-copper composite cylinder. This invention uses an end-molding method to achieve a forgeable height, which is simple and feasible. Folding is less likely to occur during forging. Rolling after forging further improves the weld structure, resulting in a low-cost and high-quality titanium cylinder. Cathode rollers made from this material ensure uniform conductivity under high current input, preventing surface overheating at 35,000A input current. This improves current density on the roller surface, as well as foil production and quality, extending the service life of the cathode roller. However, because welding titanium cylinders cannot achieve zero ellipticity and straightness, poor bonding occurs during subsequent thermal assembly with conductive and supporting structures. This leads to uneven conductivity and localized bright oxidation spots on the cathode roller during later use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high-conductivity cathode roller. The method replaces the traditional hot-assembly of a spun titanium cylinder with a copper-steel structure with a method involving offset explosive composite titanium-copper plates followed by rolling and welding. This solves the problem of uneven bonding between the outer titanium cylinder and the inner copper-steel support structure due to poor roundness of the cathode roller, which leads to uneven conductivity and localized bright oxidation spots during use. It achieves a stable connection between dissimilar and incompatible metals like titanium and copper, simplifies the production process of the titanium cylinder for the cathode roller, improves production efficiency, reduces machining waste from the titanium cylinder, and lowers material costs in the cathode roller manufacturing process.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Prepare TA1 industrial pure titanium plate and T2 industrial pure copper plate;

[0009] Step 2: Perform staggered explosive composite welding on dissimilar metal plates, TA1 industrial pure titanium plate and T2 industrial pure copper plate.

[0010] Step 3: Roll the staggered titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate into a circle;

[0011] Step 4: Weld the opening of the rolled-out staggered titanium-copper explosion composite plate. The internal copper weld is welded by gas metal arc welding, and the external titanium weld is welded by friction stir welding.

[0012] Step 5: After local high-temperature treatment of the external titanium welds, perform overall heat treatment and re-shape adjustment on the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, in step one, the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate has a grain grade of 9.5–10.5, a length of 8460 mm with an allowable deviation of 0–+10 mm, a width of 1450–1550 mm, a thickness of 18–22 mm, a specified width unevenness of ≤3 mm / m, a room temperature tensile strength Rm of 300–310 MPa, a surface roughness Ra of 1.6–3.2 μm, and a main component (w / %). The purity of the T2 industrial pure copper plate is as follows: Ti ≥ 99.70%, impurity composition (w / %): Fe ≤ 0.045%, O ≤ 0.05%, C ≤ 0.02%, N ≤ 0.02%, H ≤ 0.002%, other single impurity element mass fraction ≤ 0.05%, total ≤ 0.2%. The plate is manufactured by hot rolling and supplied in annealed condition. The edges of the plate are flush, without cracks or curling, and the surface is smooth, without cracks, peeling, oxide scale, or alkali washing marks. The four corners are right angles. The length of the T2 industrial pure copper plate is 8460mm, with an allowable deviation of 0~+10mm, the width is 1450~1550mm, the thickness is 14~18mm, the unevenness of the specified width of the plate is ≤ 3mm / m, the surface roughness Ra=1.6~3.2μm, and the surface of the plate must not have cracks, peeling, pits, or other defects. Cracks and other defects are not allowed inside the plate.

[0014] Furthermore, in step two, dissimilar metal plates, TA1 industrial pure titanium plate and T2 industrial pure copper plate, are subjected to staggered explosive composite welding. The T2 industrial pure copper plate is placed on a horizontal anvil, and the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate is suspended on the T2 industrial pure copper plate. The tilt angle between the two is 12-14°. A buffer layer and explosive are stacked sequentially on the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate, and a detonator is led out from the explosive. The staggered distance of the staggered titanium-copper explosive composite welding is 462-478 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step three, the specific operation of rolling the staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate into a cylinder is as follows: the prepared staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate is installed on a four-roll plate rolling machine with working shaft rollers made of 42CrMo material, and then centering, unloading, pre-bending and rolling operations are performed. Finally, the staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate is rolled into a cylinder, wherein the ellipticity of the cylinder is ≤0.5mm and the straightness of the cylinder is ≤0.5mm.

[0016] Further, in step four, the specific operation for welding the opening of the rolled, staggered titanium-copper explosion composite plate is as follows: First, the opening is beveled and cleaned before welding. The inner T2 industrial pure copper plate has a double U-shaped bevel with no gap, a blunt edge size of 2.5-3.5mm, and a bevel angle of 26-32°. The outer TA1 industrial pure titanium plate does not need to be beveled. The opening of the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate and the bevel of the T2 industrial pure copper plate are ground. Then, the surfaces of both are cleaned with a metal cleaner, rinsed with water, and then wiped with anhydrous ethanol. The internal copper weld is welded using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) with a constant voltage power supply in reverse DC polarity. The welding wire used is HS201 with a diameter of 2.5-3mm. The welding current is 500-600A, the welding voltage is 30-35V, and the welding speed is 15-21 m / h. -1 The protective gas is 99.99–99.999% high-purity argon, with a flow rate of 25–30 L / min. The T2 industrial pure copper plate is preheated to 445–455℃ before welding. Oxides on the weld surface must be cleaned promptly before welding the next layer. The external titanium weld is achieved using friction stir welding. The stirring head rotates to insert the stirring pin into the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate. The stirring pin material is cemented carbide (WC), and the stirring pin rotation speed is 1800–2400 rpm. The welding speed is 60–160 mm / min, and the welding fixture uses a split design.

[0017] Further, in step five, after localized high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld, the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder undergoes overall heat treatment for reshaping. The localized high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld employs laser heating, with a laser power of 1200–1400 W, a defocusing amount of 80–100 mm, and a laser movement speed of 45–60 mm / min. The overall heat treatment of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder involves placing the cylinder in a well-chamber resistance furnace for heat treatment to eliminate residual stress in the weld and homogenize the weld microstructure. The heat treatment temperature is 535–545°C, the holding time is 70–82 min, and the cylinder is cooled to room temperature in the furnace. This heat treatment process achieves uniformity of the titanium weld and the base material grain size, with a grain grade of 9.5–10.5. The re-rectification operation involves cooling the heat-treated misaligned titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder to room temperature, then installing it on a four-roll plate rolling machine for re-rectification to ensure that the final straightness of the cylinder is ≤0.08mm and the ellipticity is ≤0.08mm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for high conductivity cathode rollers provided by this invention has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) In view of the requirement that the outer cylinder material of the cathode roller must have both high corrosion resistance and high conductivity, the present invention adopts the explosive composite method to achieve the bonding of dissimilar metals such as copper and titanium, thereby achieving the requirements of the cathode roller for corrosion resistance and conductivity.

[0020] (2) The present invention proposes a staggered titanium-copper explosive composite, which solves the problem that dissimilar metals cannot be welded after the titanium-copper explosive composite plate is rolled into a circle, and enables the welding of copper to copper and titanium to titanium at the opening of the rolled titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder.

[0021] (3) In this invention, the welding of the opening of the titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder takes into account the difference in weldability between copper and titanium materials and the requirement of the cathode roller for uniformity of the grain size of the external titanium material. The welding of the internal copper material T2 adopts gas metal arc welding to ensure the welding quality of the medium-thick copper plate, and the welding of the external titanium material TA1 adopts friction stir welding to suppress grain growth at the weld.

[0022] (4) The present invention addresses the titanium weld seam of the external friction stir welding of titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder by using laser local high temperature treatment followed by heat treatment of the entire titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder, thereby achieving the requirements of cathode roller for uniformity and grain grade of external titanium cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation of titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the fabrication process of a misaligned titanium-copper explosion composite plate;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a staggered titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate;

[0026] Figure 4 Diagram of the titanium-copper explosive composite bonding interface;

[0027] Figure 5 The grain morphology of the TA1 titanium base material on the outer surface of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1450 mm prepared in this invention.

[0028] Figure 6 The grain morphology of the TA1 heat-affected zone of the outer titanium material of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1450 mm prepared in this invention.

[0029] Figure 7 The grain morphology of the TA1 weld seam of the outer titanium material of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1450 mm prepared in this invention.

[0030] Figure 8The grain morphology of the TA1 titanium base material on the outer surface of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1500 mm prepared in this invention.

[0031] Figure 9 The grain morphology of the TA1 heat-affected zone of the outer titanium material of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1500 mm prepared in this invention.

[0032] Figure 10 The grain morphology of the TA1 weld seam of the outer titanium material of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1500 mm prepared in this invention.

[0033] Figure 11 The grain morphology of the TA1 titanium base material on the outer surface of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1550 mm prepared in this invention.

[0034] Figure 12 The grain morphology of the TA1 heat-affected zone of the outer titanium material of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1550 mm prepared in this invention.

[0035] Figure 13 The grain morphology of the TA1 weld seam of the outer titanium material of the cathode roller composite cylinder with a diameter of 2700 mm and a width of 1550 mm prepared in this invention.

[0036] Among them, 1-TA1 industrial pure titanium plate; 2-T2 industrial pure copper plate; 3-external titanium weld; 4-friction stir weld; 5-internal copper weld; 6-gas electrode argon arc weld; 7-titanium-copper explosive composite bonding interface; 8-misalignment distance; 9-anvil; 10-buffer layer; 11-explosive; 12-detonator; 13-tilt angle. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further illustrated below with specific embodiments. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A method for preparing a titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Prepare TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2;

[0041] Step 2: Perform staggered explosive composite welding on dissimilar metal plates TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 to form titanium-copper explosive composite bonding interface 7.

[0042] Step 3: Roll the staggered titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate into a circle;

[0043] Step 4: Weld the opening of the rolled-out staggered titanium-copper explosion composite plate, wherein the internal copper weld 5 is welded by gas metal arc welding 6, and the external titanium weld 3 is welded by friction stir welding 4.

[0044] Step 5: After performing local high-temperature treatment on the external titanium weld 3, perform overall heat treatment and re-shape adjustment on the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder.

[0045] The TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 mentioned in step one are as follows: TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 has a grain grade of 10.5, a length of 8464 mm, a width of 1450 mm, a thickness of 18 mm, a width unevenness of 1.5 mm / m, a room temperature tensile strength Rm of 308 MPa, a surface roughness Ra of 1.6 μm, a main component (w / %) of Ti of 99.83%, and impurity components (w / %) of Fe of 0.032%, O of 0.03%, C of 0.012%, N of 0.0011%, and H of 0.0016%. The plate is hot-rolled and annealed, with flush edges, no cracks or curls, a smooth surface, and no cracks, peeling, oxide scale, or alkali washing marks. The four corners are right angles. The T2 industrial pure copper plate has a length of 8464mm, a width of 1450mm, and a thickness of 14mm. The plate has a specified width unevenness of 2mm / m and a surface roughness Ra of 3.2μm. The plate surface is free of cracks, peeling, and pits, and there are no defects such as cracks inside the plate.

[0046] In step two, the dissimilar metal plates TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 are subjected to staggered explosive composite welding, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 is placed on the horizontal anvil 9, and the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 is suspended on the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2. The tilt angle 13 between the two is 12-14°. The buffer layer 10 and the explosive 11 are stacked on the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 in sequence. The detonator 12 is led out from the explosive 11. The misalignment distance 8 of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite welding is 465mm.

[0047] In step three, rolling the staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate into a cylinder involves installing the prepared staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate onto a four-roll plate rolling machine with working rollers made of 42CrMo material, followed by centering, unloading, pre-bending, and rolling operations. Finally, the staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate is rolled into a cylinder with an ellipticity of 0.4 mm and a straightness of 0.3 mm.

[0048] In step four, the opening of the rolled, misaligned titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate is welded, such as... Figure 1As shown, the opening is first beveled and cleaned before welding. The inner T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 has a double U-shaped bevel with no gap, a blunt edge dimension of 3mm, and a bevel angle of 26°. The outer TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 does not require beveling. The opening of the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and the bevel of the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 are ground. Then, the surfaces of both are cleaned with a metal cleaner, rinsed with water, and then wiped with anhydrous ethanol. The internal copper weld 5 is welded using gas metal arc welding 6, using a constant voltage power supply with DC reverse polarity, HS201 welding wire with a diameter of 2.5mm, a welding current of 525A, a welding voltage of 30V, and a welding speed of 18 / mh. -1 The protective gas is 99.999% high-purity argon with a flow rate of 28 L / min. The T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 is preheated to 445℃ before welding. Oxides on the weld surface must be cleaned promptly before welding the next layer. The external titanium weld 3 is welded using friction stir welding 4. The stirring head is driven to rotate, causing the stirring pin to penetrate into the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1. The stirring pin material is hard alloy WC, the stirring pin speed is 2200 rpm, and the welding speed is 120 mm / min. The welding fixture adopts a split design.

[0049] In step five, after locally high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld 3, the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder undergoes overall heat treatment and reshaping. The locally high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld 3 is performed using laser heating, with a laser power of 1350W, a defocusing distance of 95mm, and a laser movement speed of 55mm / min. The overall heat treatment of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder involves placing the cylinder in a well-chamber resistance furnace for heat treatment to eliminate residual stress in the weld and homogenize the weld microstructure. The heat treatment temperature is 535℃, the holding time is 82min, and it is then cooled to room temperature in the furnace. This heat treatment process achieves uniformity of the titanium weld and the base material grains, with a grain grade of 10.5. Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The images show the grain morphology of the outer titanium TA1 base material, the heat-affected zone, and the weld seam, respectively. The re-shaping operation involves cooling the heat-treated misaligned titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder to room temperature, then installing it on a four-roll plate rolling mill for re-shaping. The final straightness of the cylinder is 0.06 mm, and the ellipticity is 0.05 mm.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A method for preparing a titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Prepare TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2;

[0053] Step 2: Perform staggered explosive composite welding on dissimilar metal plates TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 to form titanium-copper explosive composite bonding interface 7.

[0054] Step 3: Roll the staggered titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate into a circle;

[0055] Step 4: Weld the opening of the rolled-out staggered titanium-copper explosion composite plate, wherein the internal copper weld 5 is welded by gas metal arc welding 6, and the external titanium weld 3 is welded by friction stir welding 4.

[0056] Step 5: After performing local high-temperature treatment on the external titanium weld 3, perform overall heat treatment and re-shape adjustment on the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder.

[0057] The TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 mentioned in step one are as follows: TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 has a grain grade of 10.0, a length of 8462 mm, a width of 1500 mm, a thickness of 20 mm, a width unevenness of 2 mm / m, a room temperature tensile strength Rm of 304 MPa, a surface roughness Ra of 1.6 μm, a main component (w / %) of Ti of 99.84%, and impurity components (w / %) of Fe of 0.029%, O of 0.032%, C of 0.011%, N of 0.0018%, and H of 0.0012%. The plate is hot-rolled and annealed, with flush edges, no cracks or curls, a smooth surface, and no cracks, peeling, oxide scale, or alkali washing marks. The four corners are right angles. The T2 industrial pure copper plate has a length of 8462mm, a width of 1500mm, and a thickness of 16mm. The plate has a specified width unevenness of 2mm / m, a surface roughness Ra of 3.2μm, and no cracks, peeling, or pits on its surface. No cracks or other defects are found inside the plate.

[0058] In step two, the dissimilar metal plates TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 are subjected to staggered explosive composite welding, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 is placed on the horizontal anvil 9, and the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 is suspended on the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2. The tilt angle 13 between the two is 12-14°. The buffer layer 10 and the explosive 11 are stacked on the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 in sequence. The detonator 12 is led out from the explosive 11. The misalignment distance 8 of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite welding is 469mm.

[0059] In step three, rolling the misaligned titanium-copper exploded composite plate into a cylinder involves installing the prepared misaligned titanium-copper exploded composite plate onto a four-roll plate rolling machine with working rollers made of 42CrMo material, followed by centering, unloading, pre-bending, and rolling operations. Finally, the misaligned titanium-copper exploded composite plate is rolled into a cylinder with an ellipticity of 0.3 mm and a straightness of 0.3 mm.

[0060] In step four, the opening of the rolled, misaligned titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate is welded, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the opening is first beveled and cleaned before welding. The inner T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 has a double U-shaped bevel with no gap, a blunt edge dimension of 3mm, and a bevel angle of 30°. The outer TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 does not require beveling. The opening of the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and the bevel of the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 are ground. Then, the surfaces of both are cleaned with a metal cleaner, rinsed with water, and then wiped with anhydrous ethanol. The internal copper weld 5 is welded using gas metal arc welding 6, using a constant voltage power supply with DC reverse polarity, HS201 welding wire with a diameter of 2.5mm, a welding current of 540A, a welding voltage of 32V, and a welding speed of 19 / mh. -1 The protective gas is 99.999% high-purity argon with a flow rate of 28 L / min. The T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 is preheated to 450℃ before welding. Oxides on the weld surface must be cleaned promptly before welding the next layer. The external titanium weld 3 is welded using friction stir welding 4. The stirring head rotates to insert the stirring pin into the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1. The stirring pin material is hard alloy WC, the stirring pin speed is 2200 rpm, and the welding speed is 120 mm / min. The welding fixture uses a split design.

[0061] In step five, after locally high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld 3, the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder undergoes overall heat treatment and reshaping. The locally high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld 3 is performed using laser heating, with a laser power of 1350W, a defocusing distance of 95mm, and a laser movement speed of 55mm / min. The overall heat treatment of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder involves placing the cylinder in a well-chamber resistance furnace for heat treatment to eliminate residual stress in the weld and homogenize the weld microstructure. The heat treatment temperature is 540℃, the holding time is 76min, and it is then cooled to room temperature in the furnace. This heat treatment process achieves uniformity of the titanium weld and the base material grains, with a grain grade of 10.0. Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10The images show the grain morphology of the outer titanium TA1 base material, the heat-affected zone, and the weld seam, respectively. The re-shaping operation involves cooling the heat-treated misaligned titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder to room temperature, then installing it on a four-roll plate rolling mill for re-shaping. The final straightness of the cylinder is 0.05 mm, and the ellipticity is 0.05 mm.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A method for preparing a titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Prepare TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2;

[0065] Step 2: Perform staggered explosive composite welding on dissimilar metal plates TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 to form titanium-copper explosive composite bonding interface 7.

[0066] Step 3: Roll the staggered titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate into a circle;

[0067] Step 4: Weld the opening of the rolled-out staggered titanium-copper explosion composite plate, wherein the internal copper weld 5 is welded by gas metal arc welding 6, and the external titanium weld 3 is welded by friction stir welding 4.

[0068] Step 5: After performing local high-temperature treatment on the external titanium weld 3, perform overall heat treatment and re-shape adjustment on the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder.

[0069] The TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 mentioned in step one are as follows: TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 has a grain grade of 10.5, a length of 8462 mm, a width of 1550 mm, a thickness of 22 mm, a width unevenness of 1.5 mm / m, a room temperature tensile strength Rm of 305 MPa, a surface roughness Ra of 1.6 μm, a main component (w / %) of Ti of 99.85%, and impurity components (w / %) of Fe of 0.034%, O of 0.029%, C of 0.009%, N of 0.0006%, and H of 0.0015%. The plate is hot-rolled and annealed, with flush edges, no cracks or curls, a smooth surface, and no cracks, peeling, oxide scale, or alkali washing marks. The four corners are right angles. The T2 industrial pure copper plate has a length of 8462mm, a width of 1550mm, and a thickness of 18mm. The plate has a specified width unevenness of 2mm / m, a surface roughness Ra of 3.2μm, and no cracks, peeling, or pits on its surface. No cracks or other defects are found inside the plate.

[0070] In step two, the dissimilar metal plates TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 are subjected to staggered explosive composite welding, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 is placed on the horizontal anvil 9, and the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 is suspended on the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2. The tilt angle 13 between the two is 12-14°. The buffer layer 10 and the explosive 11 are stacked on the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 in sequence. The detonator 12 is led out from the explosive 11. The misalignment distance 8 of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite welding is 476mm.

[0071] In step three, rolling the staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate involves installing the prepared staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate onto a four-roll plate rolling machine with working rollers made of 42CrMo material, followed by centering, unloading, pre-bending, and rolling operations. Finally, the staggered titanium-copper exploded composite plate is rolled into a cylinder, wherein the ellipticity of the cylinder is 0.35mm and the straightness of the cylinder is 0.4mm.

[0072] In step four, the opening of the rolled, misaligned titanium-copper explosion-proof composite plate is welded, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the opening is first beveled and cleaned before welding. The inner T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 has a double U-shaped bevel with no gap, a blunt edge dimension of 3mm, and a bevel angle of 32°. The outer TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 does not require beveling. The opening of the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1 and the bevel of the T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 are ground. Then, the surfaces of both are cleaned with a metal cleaner, rinsed with water, and then wiped with anhydrous ethanol. The internal copper weld 5 is welded using gas metal arc welding 6, using a constant voltage power supply with DC reverse polarity, HS201 welding wire with a diameter of 2.5mm, a welding current of 565A, a welding voltage of 34V, and a welding speed of 19 / mh. -1 The protective gas is 99.999% high-purity argon with a flow rate of 28 L / min. The T2 industrial pure copper plate 2 is preheated to 455℃ before welding. Oxides on the weld surface must be cleaned promptly before welding the next layer. The external titanium weld 3 is welded using friction stir welding 4. The stirring head rotates to insert the stirring pin into the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate 1. The stirring pin material is hard alloy WC, the stirring pin speed is 2200 rpm, and the welding speed is 120 mm / min. The welding fixture uses a split design.

[0073] In step five, after locally high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld 3, the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder undergoes overall heat treatment and reshaping. The locally high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld 3 is performed using laser heating, with a laser power of 1350W, a defocusing distance of 95mm, and a laser movement speed of 55mm / min. The overall heat treatment of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder involves placing the cylinder in a well-chamber resistance furnace for heat treatment to eliminate residual stress in the weld and homogenize the weld microstructure. The heat treatment temperature is 545℃, the holding time is 70min, and it is then cooled to room temperature in the furnace. This heat treatment process achieves uniformity of the titanium weld and the base material grain size, with a grain grade of 10.5. Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 The images show the grain morphology of the outer titanium TA1 base material, the heat-affected zone, and the weld seam, respectively. The re-shaping operation involves cooling the heat-treated misaligned titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder to room temperature, then installing it on a four-roll plate rolling mill for re-shaping. The final straightness of the cylinder is 0.05 mm, and the ellipticity is 0.05 mm.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a titanium-copper exploded composite cylinder for a high-conductivity cathode roller, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1) and T2 industrial pure copper plate (2). Step 2: Perform staggered explosive composite welding on dissimilar metal plates TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1) and T2 industrial pure copper plate (2); the tilt angle (13) between the T2 industrial pure copper plate (2) and the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1) is 12-14°; the staggered distance (8) of the staggered titanium-copper explosive composite welding is 462-478mm; Step 3: Roll the misaligned titanium-copper explosion composite plate obtained in Step 2 into a circle; Step 4: Weld the opening of the rolled-out staggered titanium-copper explosive composite plate, wherein the internal copper weld (5) is welded by gas metal arc welding (6) and the external titanium weld (3) is welded by friction stir welding (4) to obtain the staggered titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder. Step 5: After local high-temperature treatment of the external titanium weld (3), perform overall heat treatment and re-shape adjustment on the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder.

2. The method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high-conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the main components (w / %) of the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1) are: Ti≥99.70%, and the impurity components (w / %) are: Fe≤0.045%, O≤0.05%, C≤0.02%, N≤0.02%, H≤0.002%, and the mass fraction of other single impurity elements is ≤0.05%, with a total of ≤0.2%. The plate is manufactured by hot rolling and supplied in annealed condition.

3. The method for preparing a titanium-copper exploded composite cylinder for a high-conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the T2 industrial pure copper plate (2) is placed on a horizontal anvil (9), the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1) is suspended on the T2 industrial pure copper plate (2), a buffer layer (10) and explosives (11) are stacked on the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1), and a detonator (12) is led out from the explosives (11).

4. The method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the specific operation of rolling is as follows: the prepared staggered titanium-copper explosion composite plate is installed on a four-roll plate rolling machine, and then centering, unloading, pre-bending and rolling operations are performed. Finally, the staggered titanium-copper explosion composite plate is rolled into a cylinder, wherein the ellipticity of the cylinder is ≤0.5mm and the straightness of the cylinder is ≤0.5mm.

5. The method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, before welding, the opening is beveled and cleaned before welding. The inner T2 industrial pure copper plate (2) is beveled with a double U-shape, without gaps, with a blunt edge size of 2.5-3.5mm and a bevel angle of 26-32°. The outer TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1) does not need to be beveled. The opening of the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1) and the bevel of the T2 industrial pure copper plate (2) are polished. Then, the surfaces of the two are cleaned with metal cleaning agent, rinsed with water, and then wiped with anhydrous ethanol.

6. The method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, when the internal copper weld (5) is welded using gas metal arc welding (6), a constant voltage power supply with DC reverse polarity is used. The welding wire is HS201 with a diameter of 2.5–3 mm. The welding current is 500–600 A, the welding voltage is 30–35 V, and the welding speed is 15–21 m / h. -1 The protective gas is 99.99-99.999% high-purity argon with a flow rate of 25-30 L / min. Before welding, the T2 industrial pure copper plate (2) is preheated at a temperature of 445-455℃.

7. The method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, when the external titanium weld (3) is welded by friction stir welding (4), the stirring head is driven to rotate so that the stirring needle is inserted into the TA1 industrial pure titanium plate (1). The material of the stirring needle is hard alloy WC, the stirring needle speed is 1800-2400 rpm, the welding speed is 60-160 mm / min, and the welding tool adopts a split design.

8. The method for preparing a titanium-copper exploded composite cylinder for a high-conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the external titanium weld (3) is subjected to local high-temperature treatment by laser heating. The laser power is 1200-1400W, the defocusing amount is 80-100mm, and the laser moving speed is 45-60mm / min.

9. The method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the overall heat treatment operation of the misaligned titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder is carried out by placing the composite cylinder into a well-chamber resistance furnace for heat treatment to eliminate residual stress in the weld and homogenize the weld structure. The heat treatment temperature is 535-545℃, the holding time is 70-82min, and the furnace is cooled to room temperature. The heat treatment process can achieve uniformity of titanium weld and base material grains, with a grain grade of 9.5-10.

5.

10. The method for preparing a titanium-copper explosive composite cylinder for a high conductivity cathode roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the re-rectification operation is to install the heat-treated misaligned titanium-copper explosion composite cylinder onto a four-roll plate rolling machine after it has cooled to room temperature, ensuring that the final straightness of the cylinder is ≤0.08mm and the ellipticity is ≤0.08mm.

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