An ecological system for preventing water and soil loss in black soil

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil treatment, and in particular to a black soil ecological system for preventing water and soil loss, which comprises a protection structure, a drainage structure, a protection structure, and a repair structure; the protection structure comprises a plurality of protection layers arranged on the surface layer of the soil; the drainage structure comprises a drainage component and a drainage groove connected with the drainage component; the protection structure comprises a protection component arranged above and outside the protection structure; and the repair structure comprises a plurality of ecological repair components arranged above the protection structure. The ecological system is rationally designed, can effectively prevent water and soil loss, and reduces the loss of soil caused by rain erosion and wind erosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of saline-alkali land management technology, and in particular to an ecosystem for preventing soil erosion in black soil. Background Technology

[0002] The black soil of Northeast China includes the Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain. This region has loose soil, high organic matter content, and produces a large portion of the nation's corn, accounting for one-third of the total. However, due to factors such as rain erosion, wind erosion, over-cultivation, overgrazing, and a lack of effective management and protection, the black soil resources of Northeast China, one of the world's three major black soil belts, have been severely damaged. Increasingly serious soil erosion has led to a decline in the productivity of the black soil.

[0003] Current technologies often employ planting multiple varieties of vegetation to prevent soil erosion. While this has some effect, planting vegetation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and replanting in certain areas is particularly troublesome. Although vegetation can prevent soil erosion to a certain extent, significant amounts of water are still lost due to erosion from heavy rainfall, wind erosion, and especially the impact of floods. Therefore, to address these issues, it is necessary to establish an ecosystem for preventing soil erosion in black soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ecosystem for preventing soil erosion in black soil, which can effectively prevent soil erosion in black soil, in order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An ecosystem for preventing soil erosion in black soil includes protective structures, drainage structures, protective structures, and restoration structures.

[0007] The protective structure includes multiple protective layers disposed on the soil surface;

[0008] The drainage structure includes drainage components and drainage ditches connected to the drainage components.

[0009] The protective structure includes protective components disposed on the top and outside of the protective structure;

[0010] The restoration structure includes multiple ecological restoration components disposed above the protective structure.

[0011] As an improved technical solution, the multi-layer protective layers include, in order from bottom to top, a first protective layer, a second protective layer, a third protective layer, and a fourth protective layer.

[0012] As an improved technical scheme, the first protective layer comprises an anti-seepage cushion layer arranged on the surface layer of the soil and a first metal mesh layer arranged on the upper portion of the anti-seepage cushion layer; the second protective layer is a coarse sand layer arranged on the first metal mesh layer; the third protective layer comprises a second metal mesh layer arranged on the upper portion of the coarse sand layer and a zeolite layer arranged on the second metal mesh layer; the fourth protective layer comprises a planting soil layer arranged on the upper portion of the zeolite layer and a planting cushion layer arranged on the upper portion of the planting soil layer, and a plurality of planting grooves are arranged on the planting cushion layer.

[0013] As an improved technical scheme, the drainage component comprises a plurality of drainage pipes arranged between the third protective layer and the fourth protective layer, and the drainage ends of the drainage pipes are communicated with the drainage grooves.

[0014] As an improved technical scheme, the protection component comprises an upper pressing plate arranged on the upper surface of the planting cushion layer and a side pressing plate arranged on the outer side of the planting cushion layer, and the upper pressing plate and the side pressing plate are respectively detachably connected with the planting cushion layer.

[0015]

[0016] As an improved technical scheme, the ecological restoration component comprises an ecological restoration cylinder arranged on one side of the planting groove, the ecological restoration cylinder comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the inner portion of the outer cylinder, the top portion and the bottom portion of the ecological restoration cylinder are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe communicated with the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with a micro-moisture pipe in the inner portion of the planting groove; the first restoration agent is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the second restoration agent is filled in the inner portion of the inner cylinder.

[0017] As an improved technical scheme, the first restoration agent comprises rotten sugarcane skin, modified cyclodextrin and humic acid, and the rotten sugarcane skin, the modified cyclodextrin and the humic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1-2:1.

[0018] As an improved technical scheme, the second restoration agent comprises the following components in terms of weight parts: 8-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of castor extract and 20-30 parts of allicin.

[0019] As an improved technical scheme, the castor extract is obtained by refluxing castor fruits and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:5-7 at 40-50 DEG C.

[0020] After the above technical scheme is adopted, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0021] ​The black soil prevents water and soil loss by an ecological system, including a protection structure, a drainage structure, a protection structure, and a repair structure; the protection structure includes a plurality of protection layers arranged on the surface of the soil; the drainage structure includes a drainage component and a drainage ditch connected by the drainage component; the protection structure includes a protection component arranged above and outside the protection structure; the repair structure includes a plurality of ecological repair components arranged above the protection structure. The protection structure, the drainage structure, the protection structure, and the repair structure are arranged on the surface of the soil, the plurality of protection layers of the protection structure can protect the soil in multiple ways, the drainage component and the drainage ditch of the drainage structure can drain the rainwater into the soil, and the protection component of the protection structure can fix the protection structure and further effectively protect the soil. The above ecological system is designed reasonably, which can effectively prevent water and soil loss and reduce the loss of soil caused by rain erosion and wind erosion.

[0022] The plurality of protection layers include a first protection layer, a second protection layer, a third protection layer, and a fourth protection layer in order from bottom to top. Through the synergistic effect of the four protection layers, the soil is effectively protected, and water and soil loss is effectively prevented.

[0023] The first protection layer includes a first metal mesh layer arranged on the upper part of the impermeable pad layer, and the second protection layer is a coarse sand layer arranged on the first metal mesh layer. The third protection layer includes a second metal mesh layer arranged on the upper part of the coarse sand layer and a zeolite layer arranged on the second metal mesh layer, and the fourth protection layer includes a planting soil layer arranged on the upper part of the zeolite layer and a planting mat arranged on the upper part of the planting soil layer. The planting mat is provided with a plurality of planting grooves. The impermeable pad layer can prevent rainwater from entering the soil, the first metal mesh layer fixes the impermeable pad layer, the coarse sand layer further compacts the impermeable pad layer, the second metal mesh layer fixes the position of the zeolite in the zeolite layer, the zeolite layer further compacts the underlying protection layer, the planting soil layer can plant green plants, and the planting grooves on the planting mat define the position of the green plants. The above first, second, third, and fourth protection layers are designed reasonably and have a synergistic effect to effectively prevent water and soil loss.

[0024] The drainage component includes a plurality of drainage pipes arranged between the third protection layer and the fourth protection layer, and the drainage end of the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage ditch. Rainwater seeping into the soil enters the drainage ditch along the drainage pipe. The above drainage component is designed reasonably and facilitates rainwater drainage.

[0025] The protection component includes an upper pressing plate arranged on the upper surface of the planting mat and a side pressing plate arranged outside the upper pressing plate, and the upper pressing plate and the side pressing plate are respectively detachably connected with the planting mat. The pressing plate can effectively fix the planting mat and the remaining three protection layers, thereby effectively preventing water and soil loss.

[0026] As the ecological restoration component includes the ecological restoration cylinder arranged at one side of the planting groove, the ecological restoration cylinder includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged inside the outer cylinder, the top and bottom of the ecological restoration cylinder are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe communicated with the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the micro-moisture pipe inside the planting groove; the first restoration agent is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the second restoration agent is filled inside the inner cylinder. The green plants absorb the nutrient components in the soil in the planting groove, the soil may have a hardening phenomenon, and there are also some diseases or disease bacteria. Water enters the inside of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder along the water inlet pipe, the first restoration agent is dissolved in water and then enters the inside of the micro-moisture pipe through the water outlet pipe for drip irrigation, and the first restoration agent can restore the soil; the second restoration agent is dissolved in water and then enters the inside of the drip irrigation tank through the water outlet pipe for drip irrigation, and the second restoration agent can inhibit and kill the soil pests or disease bacteria.

[0027] As the first restoration agent includes the rotten sugarcane skin, the modified cyclodextrin and the humic acid, and the rotten sugarcane skin, the modified cyclodextrin and the humic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1-2:1. According to the above mass ratio, the components are fully mixed, which can supplement the soil nutrient components and effectively restore the soil.

[0028] As the second restoration agent includes the following components according to the weight fraction: 8-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of castor extract and 20-30 parts of horseradish. The second restoration agent composed of the above components has good inhibition and killing effect on harmful pests and harmful bacteria.

[0029] As the castor extract is obtained by refluxing the castor fruit and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:6 at 60-70°C. The castor extract obtained by extraction under the above conditions has good inhibition and killing effect on harmful pests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the black land soil erosion prevention ecological system in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ecological restoration cylinder in Example 1; Figure 1

[0032] ​Wherein, 1-protective structure, 10-first protective layer, 100-anti-seepage pad layer, 101-first metal mesh layer, 11-second protective layer, 12-third protective layer, 120-second metal mesh layer, 121-zeolite layer, 13-repair structure, 130-planting soil layer, 131-planting pad layer, 132-planting groove, 2-drainage structure, 20-drainage pipe, 21-drainage groove, 3-protection structure, 30-upper pressing plate, 31-lateral pressing plate, 4-repair structure, 40-ecological restoration cylinder, 400-outer cylinder, 401-inner cylinder, 5-water inlet pipe, 6-water outlet pipe, 7-micro-wet pipe, 8-first repair agent, 9-second repair agent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application. Embodiment 1

[0034] A black land ecological system for preventing water and soil loss, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it comprises a protection structure 1, a drainage structure 2, a protection structure 3, and a repair structure 4; the protection structure 1 comprises a multi-layer protection layer arranged on the soil surface, and the multi-layer protection layer comprises a first protection layer 10, a second protection layer 11, a third protection layer 12, and a fourth protection layer 13 in order from bottom to top; the first protection layer 10 comprises an impermeable cushion layer 100 (purchased from a manufacturer) arranged on the soil surface and a first metal mesh layer 101 arranged on the upper part of the impermeable cushion layer 100; the second protection layer 11 is a coarse sand layer arranged on the first metal mesh layer; the third protection layer 12 comprises a second metal mesh layer 120 arranged on the upper part of the coarse sand layer and a zeolite layer 121 arranged on the second metal mesh layer 120; the fourth protection layer 13 comprises a planting soil layer 130 arranged on the upper part of the zeolite layer 121 and a planting cushion layer 131 arranged on the upper part of the planting soil layer 130, and a plurality of planting grooves 132 are arranged on the planting cushion layer; the drainage structure 2 comprises a plurality of drainage pipes 20 arranged between the third protection layer 12 and the fourth protection layer 13, and the drainage end of the drainage pipe 20 is communicated with a drainage groove 21; the protection structure 3 comprises a protection component arranged above and outside the protection structure, and the protection component comprises an upper pressing plate 30 arranged on the upper surface of the planting cushion layer and a side pressing plate 31 arranged outside, and the upper pressing plate and the side pressing plate are respectively detachably connected with the planting cushion layer through bolts and nuts; the repair structure 4 comprises a plurality of ecological restoration components arranged above the protection structure; the ecological restoration component comprises an ecological restoration cylinder 40 arranged on one side of the planting groove, and the ecological restoration cylinder 40 comprises an outer cylinder 400 and an inner cylinder 401 arranged inside the outer cylinder 400; the top and bottom of the ecological restoration cylinder 40 are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe 5 and a water outlet pipe 6 communicated with the outer cylinder 400 and the inner cylinder 401; the water outlet pipe 6 is communicated with a micro-moisture pipe 7 inside the planting groove; the first restoration agent 8 (comprising decomposed sugarcane skin, modified cyclodextrin, and humic acid, and the decomposed sugarcane skin, modified cyclodextrin, and humic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1) is filled between the outer cylinder 400 and the inner cylinder 401; and the second restoration agent 9 (comprising the following components in terms of weight parts: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8 parts, castor extract 5 parts, and horseradish 20 parts; the castor extract is obtained by refluxing castor fruits and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:6 at 60℃ for 2h) is filled inside the inner cylinder 401. Example 2

[0035] Different from example 1, the first restoration agent decomposed sugarcane skin, modified cyclodextrin, and humic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:1, and the rest of the operations are the same. Example 3

[0036] Different from example 1, the first restoration agent decomposed sugarcane skin, modified cyclodextrin, and humic acid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:1, and the rest of the operations are the same. Example 4

[0037] Different from example 1, the second repairing agent is mixed according to the following weight parts: 9 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of castor extract and 25 parts of horseradish, and the rest of the operation is the same. Example 5

[0038] Different from example 1, the second repairing agent is mixed according to the following weight parts: 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of castor extract and 30 parts of horseradish, and the rest of the operation is the same. Example 6

[0039] Different from example 1, the castor extract in the second repairing agent is obtained by refluxing castor fruit and ethanol at 65℃, and the rest of the operation is the same. Example 7

[0040] Different from example 1, the castor extract in the second repairing agent is obtained by refluxing castor fruit and ethanol at 70℃, and the rest of the operation is the same.

[0041] In order to better prove that the ecological system of the application has good effect, six comparative examples are given with example 6 as reference, and the soil erosion prevention effect of the ecological system of examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-6 is shown in Table 1.

[0042] Comparative example 1

[0043] Different from example 6, the protection structure does not have a first protective layer, and the rest of the operation is the same.

[0044] Comparative example 2

[0045] Different from example 6, the protection structure does not have a second protective layer, and the rest of the operation is the same.

[0046] Comparative example 3

[0047] Different from example 6, the protection structure does not contain a first repairing agent, and the rest of the operation is the same.

[0048] Comparative example 4

[0049] Different from example 6, the protection structure does not have an inner cylinder and a second repairing agent, and the rest of the operation is the same.

[0050] Comparative example 5

[0051] Different from example 6, the castor extract in the second repairing agent in the inner cylinder of the protection structure is extracted at 50℃, and the rest of the operation is the same.

[0052] Comparative example 6

[0053] Different from example 6, the castor extract in the second repairing agent in the inner cylinder of the protection structure is extracted at 75℃, and the rest of the operation is the same.

[0054]

[0055] It can be found from the content of Table 1 that, by comparing the ecosystems of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6, the ecosystems of Examples 1-6 can effectively prevent water and soil loss of black soil, can repair the soil, promote the growth of green plants, and have good insecticidal and antibacterial effects.

[0056] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A black land soil erosion prevention ecosystem characterized by, The application relates to a protection structure, a drainage structure, a protection structure and a repair structure. The protection structure comprises a plurality of protection layers arranged on the surface of soil; the protection layers are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and comprise a first protection layer, a second protection layer, a third protection layer and a fourth protection layer; the first protection layer comprises an impermeable cushion layer arranged on the surface of soil and a first metal mesh layer arranged on the upper portion of the impermeable cushion layer; the second protection layer is a coarse sand layer arranged on the first metal mesh layer; the third protection layer comprises a second metal mesh layer arranged on the upper portion of the coarse sand layer and a zeolite layer arranged on the second metal mesh layer; the fourth protection layer comprises a planting soil layer arranged on the upper portion of the zeolite layer and a planting cushion layer arranged on the upper portion of the planting soil layer, and a plurality of planting grooves are arranged on the planting cushion layer. The drainage structure comprises drainage components and drainage grooves connected with the drainage components; the drainage components comprise a plurality of drainage pipes arranged between the third protection layer and the fourth protection layer, and the drainage ends of the drainage pipes are connected with the drainage grooves. The protection structure comprises a plurality of protection layers arranged on the surface of soil; the protection layers are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and comprise a first protection layer, a second protection layer, a third protection layer and a fourth protection layer; the first protection layer comprises an impermeable cushion layer arranged on the surface of soil and a first metal mesh layer arranged on the upper portion of the impermeable cushion layer; the second protection layer is a coarse sand layer arranged on the first metal mesh layer; the third protection layer comprises a second metal mesh layer arranged on the upper portion of the coarse sand layer and a zeolite layer arranged on the second metal mesh layer; the fourth protection layer comprises a planting soil layer arranged on the upper portion of the zeolite layer and a planting cushion layer arranged on the upper portion of the planting soil layer, and a plurality of planting grooves are arranged on the planting cushion layer. The repair structure comprises a plurality of ecological repair components arranged above the protection structure; the ecological repair components comprise ecological repair cylinders arranged on one side of the planting grooves; the ecological repair cylinder comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder; the top and bottom of the ecological repair cylinder are respectively provided with water inlet pipes and water outlet pipes connected with the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the water outlet pipes are connected with drip irrigation pipes arranged in the planting grooves; the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are filled with a first repair agent; the inner cylinder is filled with a second repair agent; the first repair agent comprises rotten sugarcane skin, modified cyclodextrin and humic acid, and the rotten sugarcane skin, the modified cyclodextrin and the humic acid are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:1-2:1; the second repair agent comprises the following components according to weight parts: 8-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of castor extract and 20-30 parts of horseradish; the castor extract is obtained by refluxing castor fruits and ethanol according to a mass ratio of 1:5-7 at 40-50 DEG C.

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