Fabric for promoting rapid evaporation of sweat and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a fabric facilitating rapid evaporation of sweat and a preparation method and application thereof. The fabric prepared by the application can utilize the friction electric field generated when a human body moves to facilitate polarization of water molecules, change the size of water clusters, and thus facilitate rapid evaporation of water in the fabric; in addition, the fabric can also be used in the armpit and joint of a human body to monitor movement signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fabric technology, and specifically relates to a fabric that promotes rapid evaporation of sweat, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Moisture comfort is an important indicator for evaluating the comfort of human clothing, and personal sweat management textiles can quickly transfer sweat from the skin surface to meet the body's requirements for moisture comfort. In the research of personal sweat management textiles, accelerating moisture transfer and increasing the rate of moisture evaporation are two key research directions. Currently, there is still considerable room for research into methods to improve the rate of moisture evaporation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stretchable fabric that promotes rapid evaporation of sweat through triboelectric synergy, as well as its preparation method and application. This fabric can achieve both rapid evaporation of sweat and real-time monitoring of motion signals, thus overcoming the shortcomings of existing triboelectric evaporation fabrics that cannot simultaneously achieve good evaporation rate and stretchability.

[0004] The present invention discloses a functional fabric, characterized in that the fabric comprises, in sequence, a hydrophobic elastic polymer layer, a carbon nanotube layer, and a triboelectronegative polymer layer; wherein the fabric as a whole has a pleated structure.

[0005] A method for preparing a functional fabric according to the present invention includes:

[0006] (1) Mix the hydrophobic elastic polymer and solvent to obtain a spinning solution, electrospin to obtain an elastic nanofiber membrane, spray carbon nanotube solution onto the surface of the elastic nanofiber membrane to obtain an electrode layer, and then pre-stretch to obtain a pre-stretched elastic nanofiber membrane.

[0007] (2) Mix the polymer and solvent to obtain a spinning solution. Use the pre-stretched elastic nanofiber membrane from step (1) as a receiving device to perform electrospinning, remove stress, and obtain a functional fabric.

[0008] The preferred embodiment of the above preparation method is as follows:

[0009] The hydrophobic elastic polymer in step (1) includes polyurethane elastomer; the solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide; and the mass fraction of the spinning solution is 10-25 wt%.

[0010] The electrospinning process parameters in step (1) are as follows: the spinning nozzle is a needle nozzle, the spinning voltage is 10-20kV, the receiving distance is 15-25cm, the spinning temperature is 20-30℃, the relative humidity of the environment is 30-60%, the injection pump push speed is 0.5-1mL / h, and the spinning time is 2-4h.

[0011] The strain range of the pre-stretching in step (1) is 100-200%; the concentration of the carbon nanotube solution in step (1) is 0.01-0.05 wt%; and the ratio of carbon nanotubes to elastic nanofiber membrane is 30 μL / cm. 2 -80μL / cm 2 .

[0012] In step (2), the polymer is a triboelectrone polymer; the triboelectrone polymer includes at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene); the solvent is acetone and N,N-dimethylformamide; the mass percentage concentration of the spinning solution is 10%-20%.

[0013] The volume ratio of acetone to N,N-dimethylformamide is 4:3 to 2:1.

[0014] Furthermore, the volume ratio of acetone to N,N-dimethylformamide is 2:1, 3:2, or 4:3.

[0015] The electrospinning process parameters in step (2) include: the spinning nozzle is a needle nozzle, the spinning voltage is 10-20kV, the receiving distance is 10-20cm, the spinning temperature is 20-30℃, the relative humidity is 30-60%, the injection pump speed is 0.3-1mL / h, and the spinning time is 1-4h.

[0016] The present invention provides a garment comprising the functional fabric, wherein the functional fabric is sewn into the armpits or joints of the garment.

[0017] The material is sewn into the armpits of the garment to promote rapid evaporation of sweat and improve the body's wet comfort. In addition, the output electrical signal is measured to detect the body's movement.

[0018] The present invention relates to the application of the aforementioned functional fabric in materials that promote rapid sweat evaporation, wet comfort textiles, and motion signal monitoring materials.

[0019] The present invention also provides an application of the fabric prepared by the above preparation method that promotes rapid sweat evaporation through triboelectric synergy in personal moisture-comfort textiles, including sewing the material under the armpits of clothing to promote rapid sweat evaporation, improve the moisture comfort of the human body, and at the same time, to monitor the human body's movement posture in real time.

[0020] This invention uses a hydrophobic elastic polymer as a matrix, first sprays carbon nanotubes, and then electrospins a triboelectric material under pre-stretching conditions. After releasing the stress, a stretchable triboelectric material with a wrinkled structure can be obtained.

[0021] The present invention stitches the prepared single-electrode stretchable triboelectric material into the armpit or joint of clothing to obtain a fabric that promotes rapid sweat evaporation through triboelectric synergy. This fabric can not only promote rapid sweat evaporation, but also monitor human movement in real time.

[0022] This invention involves dissolving a highly elastic polymer elastomer in a solvent and preparing an elastic hydrophobic nanofiber membrane via electrospinning. A well-dispersed carbon nanotube dispersion is then sprayed onto the nanofiber membrane to prepare an electrode layer for triboelectric materials, followed by pre-stretching. A triboelectrone polymer is dissolved in a solvent to obtain a spinning solution. The pre-stretched elastic nanofiber membrane coated with carbon nanotubes is used as the receiving surface to receive the electrospun nanofiber membrane, resulting in a corresponding triboelectrone layer. Removing the pre-stretching stress yields a single-electrode triboelectric material with a wrinkled structure. This material is then sewn into the joints or armpits of ordinary sportswear to create a fabric that promotes rapid sweat evaporation through a triboelectric-ferroelectric synergy. The fabric prepared by this invention can utilize the triboelectric field generated during human movement to promote the polarization of water molecules, altering the size of water clusters and thus accelerating the evaporation of moisture from the textile. Furthermore, its application in the armpits or joints can facilitate motion signal monitoring.

[0023] The polyurethane nanofiber membrane prepared by electrospinning in this invention can effectively prevent sweat from being transported to the electrode layer in liquid form and affecting the electrode performance, while also allowing some sweat to be transported out in gaseous form to accelerate evaporation, compared to polyurethane elastomers.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] The triboelectric synergistic fabric for promoting rapid sweat evaporation prepared in this invention can achieve water molecule polarization through the triboelectric field, which can be used for human body heat and humidity management. At the same time, the triboelectric negative material used in this invention is a ferroelectric polymer, which can further enhance the output of the triboelectric nanogenerator, thereby further accelerating sweat evaporation. Unlike existing research on triboelectric evaporation fabrics, the triboelectric nanomaterial prepared in this invention has a wrinkled structure. This structure is obtained by stretching and recovering electrospun elastic nanofibers. It can not only enhance external contact power generation to further increase the water evaporation rate, but also realize internal power generation of the electrode layer and triboelectric negative material caused by stretching during human movement. It also has the function of monitoring human movement, bringing innovation to the traditional clothing industry and has good application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the triboelectron nanofiber membrane with a wrinkled structure in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 The electrical output performance of the tribological materials in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 The electrical output performance of the stretchable triboelectric material in Example 1 when stretched. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0031] Carbon nanotubes (single-walled, diameter: 1-2 nm), Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd., Chinese Academy of Sciences;

[0032] N,N-Dimethylformamide, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

[0033] Acetone, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

[0034] Polyvinylidene fluoride (Mw: 1000000), Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0035] Polyurethane (1185A), Shanghai Huicheng Plastics Co., Ltd.

[0036] Related tests:

[0037] The evaporation rate of the fabric was tested according to the national standard GB / T 21665.1-2008, as follows:

[0038] In Example 2, the test method for the water evaporation rate was conducted entirely in accordance with the national standard GB / T 21665.1-2008. A sample with a size of 10cm×10cm was cut and conditioned to equilibration at a temperature of (20±1)℃ and a corresponding humidity of (65±2)%. The original mass was weighed, and 0.2mL of tertiary water was pipetted onto the sample surface. The sample was suspended vertically under standard atmospheric conditions, and the mass was weighed every (5±0.5)min until the change rate of the mass between two consecutive weighings did not exceed 1%. A time-evaporation curve was plotted to determine the evaporation rate.

[0039] The method for testing the moisture evaporation rate in Example 1 is as follows: First, the textile undergoes a compression cycle of approximately 20 minutes before the moisture evaporation test to maximize the accumulation of triboelectric charge. Then, a normal moisture evaporation test is conducted according to the national standard GB / T 21665.1-2008. Additionally, after weighing the sample every 5 ± 0.5 minutes, the textile is subjected to a compression cycle of 20 seconds to accumulate triboelectric charge.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The specific method for preparing fabrics that promote rapid sweat evaporation through a triboelectric-ferroelectric synergistic effect is as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Dissolve 2g of polyurethane elastomer in 8g of N,N-dimethylformamide and stir at room temperature for 10h to obtain the spinning solution;

[0043] Step 2: The spinning solution obtained in Step 1 is loaded into a syringe for electrospinning. The spinning voltage is 12kV, the feed speed is 1mL / h, the receiving distance is 22cm, the receiving device is a roller with a rotation speed of 110rpm, the ambient temperature is 25℃, the relative humidity is 40%, and the spinning time is 4h.

[0044] Step 3: Add 5g of carbon nanotube dispersion to 20g of deionized water to dilute, take 10mL of dispersion and put it into a spray gun to spray onto the polyurethane nanofiber membrane, and then pre-stretch it to a strain of 100%.

[0045] Step 4: Dissolve 1.0341g of polyvinylidene fluoride in a mixed solution of 6mL acetone and 3mL N,N-dimethylformamide, and heat and stir at 60℃ for 4h to obtain the spinning solution;

[0046] Step 5: Using the material obtained in Step 3 as a receiving device, load the spinning solution obtained in Step 4 into the syringe for electrospinning. The spinning voltage is 10kV, the feed speed is 0.6mL / h, the receiving distance is 15cm, the ambient temperature is 25℃, the relative humidity is 50%, and the spinning time is 2h.

[0047] Step Six: Remove the pre-stretch strain from the material obtained in Step Five to obtain a stretchable triboelectric material with a wrinkled structure. Then, sew it into a pure cotton fabric to obtain a fabric that promotes rapid sweat evaporation for subsequent testing.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] According to Example 1, the sample preparation process is the same as in Example 1, resulting in a fabric with a pleated structure that promotes rapid sweat evaporation through a triboelectric synergistic effect. The only difference is that the moisture evaporation rate is tested without the generation of a triboelectric field.

[0050] Table 1 shows the test results of fabric moisture evaporation rate obtained in Examples 1 and 2.

[0051] Example number Evaporation rate (g / min) Example 1 0.00270 Example 2 0.00173

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Step 1: Dissolve 2g of polyurethane elastomer in 8g of N,N-dimethylformamide and stir at room temperature for 10h to obtain the spinning solution;

[0054] Step 2: The spinning solution obtained in Step 1 is loaded into a syringe for electrospinning. The spinning voltage is 12kV, the feed speed is 1mL / h, the receiving distance is 22cm, the receiving device is a roller with a rotation speed of 110rpm, the ambient temperature is 25℃, the relative humidity is 40%, and the spinning time is 4h.

[0055] Step 3: Add 5g of carbon nanotube dispersion to 20g of deionized water for dilution, and take 10mL of dispersion into a spray gun to spray onto the polyurethane nanofiber membrane obtained in step 2.

[0056] Step 4: Dissolve 1.0341g of polyvinylidene fluoride in a mixed solution of 6mL acetone and 3mL N,N-dimethylformamide, and heat and stir at 60℃ for 4h to obtain the spinning solution;

[0057] Step 5: Using the material obtained in Step 3 as a receiving device, the spinning solution obtained in Step 4 is loaded into a syringe for electrospinning. The spinning voltage is 10kV, the feed speed is 0.6mL / h, the receiving distance is 15cm, the ambient temperature is 25℃, the relative humidity is 50%, and the spinning time is 2h. Finally, a wrinkle-free triboelectric material is obtained, which is then sewn into a pure cotton fabric for subsequent testing.

[0058] As shown in Table 1, the evaporation rate of the fabric prepared in Example 1 was 0.00270 g / min under a triboelectric field and 0.00173 g / min without a triboelectric field. That is, the evaporation rate under a triboelectric field was 1.56 times that without a triboelectric field. This shows that a triboelectric field can promote the rapid evaporation of moisture.

[0059] like Figure 3 The figure shows the electrical output performance of fabrics with and without wrinkles. The output voltage of the fabric with wrinkles is higher than that of the fabric without wrinkles in the comparative example. This indicates that the wrinkles increase the contact area during contact separation, thereby further increasing the output performance of the triboelectric material.

[0060] like Figure 4The figure shows the electrical output performance of the fabric under tension in Example 1. The test results show that the output signals and performance are different under different tensile strains. This indicates that the pleated structure gives the material stretchable properties and can be used for real-time monitoring of human movement.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a functional fabric that promotes rapid sweat evaporation, comprising: (1) A hydrophobic elastic polymer and a solvent are mixed to obtain a spinning solution. Electrospinning is performed to obtain an elastic nanofiber membrane. Then, a carbon nanotube solution is sprayed onto the surface of the elastic nanofiber membrane, and then pre-stretched to obtain a pre-stretched elastic nanofiber membrane. The strain range of the pre-stretching in step (1) is 100-200%. The concentration of the carbon nanotube solution in step (1) is 0.01-0.05 wt%. The ratio of carbon nanotubes to elastic nanofiber membrane is 30 μL / cm. 2 -80 μL / cm 2 ; (2) Mix the polymer and solvent to obtain a spinning solution. Use the pre-stretched elastic nanofiber membrane from step (1) as a receiving device for electrospinning to remove stress and obtain a functional fabric that promotes rapid evaporation of sweat.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophobic elastic polymer in step (1) includes polyurethane elastomer; the solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide; and the mass fraction of the spinning solution is 10-25 wt%.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrospinning process parameters in step (1) are as follows: the spinning nozzle is a needle nozzle, the spinning voltage is 10-20kV, the receiving distance is 15-25cm, the spinning temperature is 20-30℃, the relative humidity of the environment is 30-60%, the injection pump push speed is 0.5-1mL / h, and the spinning time is 2-4h.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the polymer is a triboelectrone polymer; the triboelectrone polymer includes at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene); the solvent is acetone and N,N-dimethylformamide; the mass percentage concentration of the spinning solution is 10%-20%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The volume ratio of acetone to N,N-dimethylformamide is 4:3 to 2:

1.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrospinning process parameters in step (2) include: the spinning nozzle is a needle nozzle, the spinning voltage is 10-20kV, the receiving distance is 10-20cm, the spinning temperature is 20-30℃, the relative humidity of the environment is 30-60%, the injection pump push speed is 0.3-1mL / h, and the spinning time is 1-4h.

7. A functional fabric for promoting rapid sweat evaporation prepared by the method of claim 1, characterized in that, The fabric comprises, in sequence, a hydrophobic elastic polymer layer, a carbon nanotube layer, and a triboelectrone polymer layer; the fabric as a whole has a pleated structure.

8. A garment, characterized in that, The garment includes the functional fabric of claim 7 that promotes rapid evaporation of sweat.

9. The application of the functional fabric for promoting rapid sweat evaporation as described in claim 7 in materials for promoting rapid sweat evaporation, wet comfort textiles, and motion signal monitoring materials.

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