Tunnel boring machine and method for changing diameter of tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel boring machine and a variable-diameter method of the tunnel boring machine. The tunnel boring machine comprises a cutter head and a shield body. The cutter head comprises a child cutter head and a parent cutter head. The parent cutter head is arranged outside the child cutter head and comprises a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks. The plurality of cutter head blocks are jointly spliced into a ring-shaped parent cutter head. The child cutter head comprises a cutting arm which is telescopically installed in a spoke arm compartment of the child cutter head. The shield body comprises a child shield body and a parent shield body. The shield body is located on a side of the cutter head which is away from a tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine. The parent shield body is arranged outside the child shield body and comprises a plurality of arc-shaped shield body blocks. The plurality of shield body blocks are jointly spliced into a ring-shaped parent shield body ring. The plurality of parent shield body rings are spliced into the parent shield body along an axial direction of the child shield body. The application provides a tunnel boring machine and a variable-diameter method of the tunnel boring machine. The tunnel boring machine can be quickly changed in diameter in a tunnel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel boring machines, in particular to a tunnel boring machine and a method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] A tunnel boring machine is a commonly used mechanical construction equipment in tunnel construction. The diameter of the tunnel may vary at different stages of tunnel boring.

[0003] In the prior art, the diameter of the tunnel is generally expanded outside the tunnel and contracted inside the tunnel, or a working well is provided at the diameter-changing position to change the diameter. However, in some cases, it is not possible to provide a working well inside the tunnel, which makes it difficult to change the diameter of the tunnel.

[0004] Against this background, there is a need for a tunnel boring machine that can change the diameter conveniently inside the tunnel to improve the efficiency of interval tunnel and station tunnel construction. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve at least one problem mentioned in the background art, the present application provides a tunnel boring machine and a method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine, which can quickly change the diameter of the tunnel boring machine inside the tunnel.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a tunnel boring machine, comprising a cutter head, a shield body and a mounting mechanism.

[0008] The cutter head comprises a child cutter head and a mother cutter head, the mother cutter head being arranged outside the child cutter head, the mother cutter head comprising a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks, the plurality of cutter head blocks being jointly connected to form a ring-shaped mother cutter head.

[0009] The child cutter head comprises a cutting arm, the cutting arm being telescopically mounted in a spoke arm compartment of the child cutter head, the cutting arm being configured to extend out of the spoke arm compartment when expanding the diameter of the tunnel boring machine to excavate the tunnel.

[0010] The shield body comprises a child shield body and a mother shield body, the shield body being located on the side of the cutter head away from the tunnel boring machine excavation direction, the mother shield body being arranged outside the child shield body, the mother shield body comprising a plurality of arc-shaped shield body blocks, the plurality of shield body blocks being jointly connected to form a ring-shaped mother shield body ring, the plurality of mother shield body rings being connected along the axial direction of the child shield body to form the mother shield body.

[0011] The mounting mechanism is arranged on the side of the mother cutter head away from the excavation direction, the mounting mechanism being configured to disassemble and assemble the shield body blocks under the driving of the cutter head.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the tunneling machine further comprises a transportation mechanism arranged in the sub-shield body, and the transportation mechanism is configured to transport the sub-shield body into the muck chamber of the tunneling machine.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the tunneling machine further comprises a shielding assembly arranged on the inner side of the sub-shield body, and the shielding assembly comprises a shielding member and a driving oil cylinder, the shielding member is connected to the driving end of the driving oil cylinder, and the shielding member is driven by the driving oil cylinder to extend into the muck chamber or retract from the muck chamber.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the tunneling machine further comprises a mother tail shield arranged on the side of the mother shield body away from the tunneling direction.

[0015] In a second aspect, the application provides a method for changing the diameter of a tunneling machine, which is applied to any of the tunneling machines in the first aspect, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0016] extending the cutting arm out of the spoke arm chamber of the sub-cutter head of the tunneling machine, and driving the extended cutting arm to excavate the tunnel under the action of the sub-cutter head;

[0017] welding a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks one by one on the outer side of the sub-cutter head, so as to splice the plurality of cutter head blocks into a ring-shaped mother cutter head on the outer side of the sub-cutter head;

[0018] installing the shield blocks transported into the muck chamber of the tunneling machine one by one on the outer side of the sub-shield body by the mounting mechanism arranged on the inner side of the mother cutter head, so as to splice the plurality of shield blocks into a ring-shaped mother shield body on the outer side of the sub-shield body, and splicing the plurality of mother shield body rings along the axial direction of the sub-shield body into the mother shield body;

[0019] fixedly connecting the mother shield body and the sub-shield body together, and installing a pushing oil cylinder on the side of the mother shield body away from the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine.

[0020] As an optional implementation, after extending the cutting arm out of the spoke arm chamber of the sub-cutter head of the tunneling machine, and driving the extended cutting arm to excavate the tunnel under the action of the sub-cutter head, the method further comprises:

[0021] installing a steel plate ring on the inner wall of the tunnel excavated by the cutting arm;

[0022] arranging an anchor rod between the steel plate ring and the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0023] As an optional implementation, before welding a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks one by one on the outer side of the sub-cutter head, the method further comprises: extending the shielding assembly arranged on the inner side of the sub-shield body into the muck chamber along the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine, so as to shield the falling earth and rocks above the muck chamber by the shielding assembly.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the mother shield body and the daughter shield body are fixedly connected together, and before the push oil cylinder is installed on the side of the mother shield body away from the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine, the method further comprises: removing the daughter tail shield of the transportation mechanism and the tunneling machine, and the daughter tail shield is located on the side of the daughter shield body away from the tunneling direction.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the mother shield body and the daughter shield body are fixedly connected together, and after the push oil cylinder is installed on the side of the mother shield body away from the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine, the method further comprises: installing the arc-shaped mother tail shield segments outside the position of the removed daughter tail shield, so as to splice the mother tail shield into a ring shape through the plurality of mother tail shield segments.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the mother shield body and the daughter shield body are fixedly connected together, and the method specifically comprises: connecting the mother shield body and the daughter shield body in the radial direction through a pin shaft or a bolt, and welding the mother shield body and the daughter shield body together at the same end in the axial direction of the mother shield body.

[0027] The tunneling machine provided by the application comprises a cutter head, a shield body and a mounting mechanism; the cutter head comprises a daughter cutter head and a mother cutter head, the mother cutter head is arranged outside the daughter cutter head, the mother cutter head comprises a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head segments, and the plurality of cutter head segments are spliced into a ring-shaped mother cutter head; the daughter cutter head comprises a cutting arm, the cutting arm is telescopically installed in a spoke arm compartment of the daughter cutter head, and the cutting arm is configured to extend out of the spoke arm compartment when the diameter of the tunneling machine is expanded, so as to excavate a tunnel; the shield body comprises a daughter shield body and a mother shield body, the shield body is located on the side of the cutter head away from the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine, the mother shield body is arranged outside the daughter shield body, the mother shield body comprises a plurality of arc-shaped shield body segments, the plurality of shield body segments are spliced into a ring-shaped mother shield body ring, and the plurality of mother shield body rings are spliced into the mother shield body in the axial direction of the daughter shield body; and the mounting mechanism is arranged on the side of the mother cutter head away from the tunneling direction, and the mounting mechanism is configured to disassemble and assemble the shield body segments under the driving of the cutter head.

[0028] The tunneling machine provided by the application can excavate a construction space for installing the cutter head segments in the periphery of the daughter cutter head and in front of the tunnel face when the diameter of the tunneling machine is expanded, then the cutter head segments can be welded to the outside of the daughter cutter head from below the daughter cutter head, and the plurality of arc-shaped cutter head segments are finally spliced into a complete mother cutter head in the periphery of the daughter cutter head; then the shield body segments can be installed on the outside of the daughter shield body from the soil chamber one by one through the mounting mechanism arranged on the inside of the mother cutter head, the plurality of shield body segments are spliced into a ring-shaped mother shield body ring on the outside of the daughter shield body, and the plurality of mother shield body rings are spliced into the mother shield body in the axial direction of the daughter shield body; when the diameter of the tunneling machine needs to be reduced, the mother cutter head and the mother shield body can be removed respectively, and the diameter changing process is extremely convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 A flow chart of a variable-diameter method of a tunnel boring machine provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0031] Figure 2 A first state diagram when the tunnel boring machine expands in diameter provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 3 A second state diagram when the tunnel boring machine expands in diameter provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 4 A third state diagram when the tunnel boring machine expands in diameter provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a cutter head provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 6 An installation schematic diagram of a child shield and a parent shield in a tunnel boring machine provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0036] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of a child shield in a tunnel boring machine provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0037] Figure 8 A state diagram when a transport mechanism operates in a tunnel boring machine provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0038] Figure 9 An enlarged view of a shielding assembly in a tunnel boring machine provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 10 An enlarged view of an installation mechanism in a tunnel boring machine provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0040] Explanation of reference signs:

[0041] 100 - tunnel boring machine

[0042] 110 - child cutter head

[0043] 111 - radial arm bin

[0044] 120 - parent cutter head

[0045] 130 - subshield

[0046] 140 - female shield

[0047] 150 - mounting mechanism

[0048] 160 - transport mechanism

[0049] 161 - transport track

[0050] 162 - transport seat

[0051] 170 - shielding assembly

[0052] 171 - shielding element

[0053] 172 - drive cylinder

[0054] 180 - steel plate ring

[0055] 190 - anchor rod

[0056] 200 - push cylinder

[0057] 300 - female tail shield

[0058] 400 - cross

[0059] 500 - soil chamber

[0060] 510 - soil chamber partition DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0062] In the application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "transverse", "longitudinal" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0063] And, the above-mentioned partial terms, in addition to can be used to express the orientation or positional relationship, possibly also be used to express other meanings, for example, the term "upper" in some cases can also be used to express a certain dependent relationship or connection relationship. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of these terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] In addition, the terms "mounting", "setting", "provided with", "connection", "connected" should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral structure; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two devices, elements or components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific type and structure may be the same or different), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated device, element or component. Unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0066] In the prior art, generally, the hole is expanded outside the shell, and the shell is shrunk inside the hole, or a working well is arranged at the variable diameter position to convert the variable diameter. However, in some cases, it is not possible to arrange a working well, and the hole cannot be expanded inside, which causes great inconvenience to the construction. Under this background, it is necessary to seek a construction method for conveniently expanding the hole inside the tunnel to improve the efficiency of the interval tunnel and the station tunnel construction.

[0067] Therefore, the present application provides a tunnel boring machine, which comprises a cutter head, a shield body and a mounting mechanism; the cutter head comprises a sub-cutter head and a mother cutter head, the mother cutter head is arranged outside the sub-cutter head, the mother cutter head comprises a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks, and the plurality of cutter head blocks are jointly spliced into a ring-shaped mother cutter head; the sub-cutter head comprises a cutting arm, the cutting arm is telescopically installed in a spoke arm compartment of the sub-cutter head, and the cutting arm is configured to extend out of the spoke arm compartment when expanding the diameter of the tunnel boring machine to excavate the tunnel; the shield body comprises a sub-shield body and a mother shield body, the shield body is located on the side of the cutter head away from the tunnel boring direction, the mother shield body is arranged outside the sub-shield body, the mother shield body comprises a plurality of arc-shaped shield body blocks, and the plurality of shield body blocks are jointly spliced into a ring-shaped mother shield body ring, and the plurality of mother shield body rings are spliced into the mother shield body along the axial direction of the sub-shield body; the mounting mechanism is arranged on the side of the mother cutter head away from the tunnel boring direction, and the mounting mechanism is configured to disassemble and assemble the shield body blocks under the driving of the cutter head.

[0068] When expanding the diameter, the cutting arms installed in the arm warehouse of the sub cutter disc can excavate a construction space for installing the cutter disc blocks outside the sub cutter disc, and then the cutter disc blocks can be welded outside the sub cutter disc from below, and the multiple arc-shaped cutter disc blocks are finally assembled into a complete mother cutter disc outside the sub cutter disc; then the shield blocks can be installed outside the sub shield body from the soil bin through the installation mechanism arranged inside the mother cutter disc, and the multiple shield blocks are assembled into a ring-shaped mother shield body ring outside the sub shield body, and the multiple mother shield body rings are assembled into a mother shield body along the axial direction of the sub shield body; when the tunnel boring machine needs to be reduced in diameter, the mother cutter disc and the mother shield body can be removed respectively, and the diameter changing process is very convenient.

[0069] Figure 1 A flow chart of a diameter changing method of a tunnel boring machine provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A first state diagram of a tunnel boring machine when expanding the diameter provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A second state diagram of a tunnel boring machine when expanding the diameter provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A third state diagram of a tunnel boring machine when expanding the diameter provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of a cutter disc provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 An installation schematic diagram of a sub shield body and a mother shield body in a tunnel boring machine provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A structure schematic diagram of a sub shield body in a tunnel boring machine provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A state diagram of a transportation mechanism in a tunnel boring machine when working provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 An enlarged view of a shielding assembly in a tunnel boring machine provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 An enlarged view of an installation mechanism in a tunnel boring machine provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] Reference can be made to Figures 1 to 10The embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel boring machine 100, which comprises a cutter head, a shield body and a mounting mechanism 150; the cutter head comprises a sub-cutter head 110 and a mother cutter head 120, the mother cutter head 120 is arranged outside the sub-cutter head 110, the mother cutter head 120 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks, and the plurality of cutter head blocks are jointly spliced into the annular mother cutter head 120; the sub-cutter head 110 can comprise a cutting arm, the cutting arm is telescopically arranged in a spoke arm compartment 111 of the sub-cutter head 110, and the cutting arm is configured to extend out of the spoke arm compartment 111 when the tunnel boring machine 100 is expanded in diameter, so as to excavate the tunnel; the shield body comprises a sub-shield body 130 and a mother shield body 140, the shield body is located on a side of the cutter head away from the tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine 100, the mother shield body 140 is arranged outside the sub-shield body 130, the mother shield body 140 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped shield body blocks, and the plurality of shield body blocks are jointly spliced into annular mother shield body 140 rings; the plurality of mother shield body 140 rings are spliced into the mother shield body 140 along the axial direction of the sub-shield body 130; the mounting mechanism 150 is arranged on a side of the mother cutter head 120 away from the tunneling direction, and the mounting mechanism 150 is configured to disassemble and assemble the shield body blocks under the driving of the cutter head.

[0071] In the above embodiment, the tunnel boring machine 100 can further comprise a conveying mechanism 160, the conveying mechanism 160 is arranged in the sub-shield body 130, and the conveying mechanism 160 is used for conveying the sub-shield body 130 blocks to a soil bin 500 of the tunnel boring machine 100, so that the mounting mechanism 150 can grab and install the sub-shield body 130 blocks.

[0072] In the above embodiment, the tunnel boring machine 100 further comprises a shielding assembly 170, the shielding assembly 170 is arranged on the inner side of the sub-shield body 130, and the shielding assembly 170 comprises a shielding piece 171 and a driving oil cylinder 172; the shielding piece 171 is connected to the driving end of the driving oil cylinder 172, so that the shielding piece 171 can be driven by the driving oil cylinder 172 to extend into the soil bin 500 or retract from the soil bin 500. The shielding piece 171 can be mounted on a partition plate between the soil bin 500 and the shield body, and the shielding piece 171 can be designed as an arc-shaped brim similar to a hat brim; the shielding piece 171 can shield the falling soil and rocks above the soil bin 500, and provide safety protection for the construction personnel. The tunnel boring machine 100 can further comprise a mother tail shield 300, the mother tail shield 300 is located on a side of the mother shield body 140 away from the tunneling direction, and the mother tail shield 300 can provide safety protection for the segment installation process.

[0073] The tunnel boring machine 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a cutter head, a shield body and a mounting mechanism 150; the cutter head comprises a child cutter head 110 and a mother cutter head 120, the mother cutter head 120 is arranged outside the child cutter head 110, the mother cutter head 120 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks, and the plurality of cutter head blocks are jointly spliced into the annular mother cutter head 120; the child cutter head 110 comprises a cutting arm, the cutting arm is telescopically installed in a spoke arm compartment 111 of the child cutter head 110, and the cutting arm is configured to extend out of the spoke arm compartment 111 when the diameter of the tunnel boring machine 100 is expanded, so as to excavate the tunnel; the shield body comprises a child shield body 130 and a mother shield body 140, the shield body is located on the side of the cutter head away from the tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine 100, the mother shield body 140 is arranged outside the child shield body 130, the mother shield body 140 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped shield body blocks, and the plurality of shield body blocks are jointly spliced into annular mother shield body 140 rings, and the plurality of mother shield body 140 rings are spliced into the mother shield body 140 along the axial direction of the child shield body 130; the mounting mechanism 150 is arranged on the side of the mother cutter head 120 away from the tunneling direction, and the mounting mechanism 150 is configured to disassemble and assemble the shield body blocks under the driving of the cutter head.

[0074] The tunnel boring machine 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application can first excavate a construction space for installing the cutter head blocks in the periphery of the child cutter head 110 and in front of the tunnel face through the cutting arm installed in the spoke arm compartment 111 of the child cutter head 110 when the diameter of the tunnel boring machine 100 is expanded, then the cutter head blocks can be welded on the outside of the child cutter head 110 one by one from below the child cutter head 110, and the plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks are finally spliced into the complete mother cutter head 120 in the periphery of the child cutter head 110; then the shield body blocks can be installed on the outside of the child shield body 130 one by one from the earth chamber 500 through the mounting mechanism 150 arranged on the inside of the mother cutter head 120, the plurality of shield body blocks are spliced into annular mother shield body 140 rings on the outside of the child shield body 130, and the plurality of mother shield body 140 rings are spliced into the mother shield body 140 along the axial direction of the child shield body 130; when the diameter of the tunnel boring machine 100 needs to be reduced, the mother cutter head 120 and the mother shield body 140 can be removed respectively, and the diameter changing process is extremely convenient.

[0075] In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a diameter changing method of a tunnel boring machine 100, which is applied to any one of the tunnel boring machines 100 in the above embodiments, and the diameter changing method comprises the following steps:

[0076] S100, the cutting arm is extended out of the spoke arm compartment 111 of the child cutter head 110 of the tunnel boring machine 100, and the extended cutting arm excavates the tunnel under the driving of the child cutter head 110.

[0077] The cutting arm can be retracted into the spoke arm compartment 111 of the sub cutter head 110 at ordinary times, a compartment door can be arranged on the side of the spoke arm compartment 111 away from the center of the cutter head, when it is necessary to expand the diameter of the tunnel boring machine 100, the compartment door can be opened, and then the head of the cutting arm is extended out of the compartment door and abuts against the tunnel wall outside the periphery of the sub cutter head 110, the cutting arm is started, the sub cutter head 110 is rotated, and the length of the cutting arm extending out of the spoke arm compartment 111 is adjusted, so that the tunnel wall outside the periphery of the sub cutter head 110 is gradually expanded by the cutting arm until the size of the tunnel wall is suitable for the installation of the main cutter head 120, in addition, the sub cutter head 110 can be extended forward, and a larger working space can be excavated in front of the sub cutter head 110 by the cutting arm. After the working space is excavated by the cutting arm, the cutting arm can be retracted into the spoke arm compartment 111, and the compartment door of the spoke arm compartment 111 is closed.

[0078] In the above embodiment, after the cutting arm excavates, a steel plate ring 180 can be installed on the inner wall of the tunnel excavated by the cutting arm, and an anchor rod 190 can be arranged between the steel plate ring 180 and the tunnel wall to reinforce the tunnel wall and improve the safety of the operation. The steel plate ring 180 can be assembled by a plurality of circular arc steel plates, the steel plate ring 180 is in direct contact with the tunnel wall, and is used to stabilize the stratum and prevent the tunnel wall from collapsing during the expansion process of the tunnel boring machine 100. A plurality of anchor rod 190 perforations can be formed in the steel plate ring 180, the anchor rod 190 can be inserted into the anchor rod 190 perforations and the tunnel wall, and the stratum can be further reinforced. Specifically, the total length of the steel plate ring 180 is generally greater than or equal to the length of the tail shield of the tunnel boring machine 100, so as to ensure that the steel plate ring 180 protects the lower construction area in place.

[0079] S200, a plurality of arc-shaped cutter head blocks are welded on the outer side of the sub cutter head 110 one by one, so that the plurality of cutter head blocks are spliced into a ring-shaped main cutter head 120 on the outer side of the sub cutter head 110.

[0080] In the above embodiment, before the main cutter head 120 is installed, the shielding assembly 170 arranged on the inner side of the sub shield body 130 can be extended into the soil bin 500 along the tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine 100, the soil and rocks falling from above the soil bin 500 can be shielded by the shielding assembly 170, and the construction personnel can be prevented from being injured by the falling soil and rocks when installing the cutter head blocks in the soil bin 500. The shielding assembly 170 can include a shielding piece 171 and a driving oil cylinder 172, the shielding piece 171 is connected to the driving end of the driving oil cylinder 172, and the shielding piece 171 can be driven by the driving oil cylinder 172 to extend into the soil bin 500 or retract from the soil bin 500.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the cutter disc blocks can be installed from a position below the soil bin 500. After one cutter disc block is welded to the lower side of the sub-cutter disc 110, the sub-cutter disc 110 can be rotated by a certain angle to make room for the installation of the next cutter disc block. The above process is repeated until a complete ring of cutter disc blocks is installed on the outer periphery of the sub-cutter disc 110. The cutter disc blocks can be fixedly connected by welding or threaded connection. All the cutter disc blocks are jointly assembled into the mother cutter disc 120 on the outer side of the sub-cutter disc 110.

[0082] S300, the shield blocks transported into the soil bin 500 of the tunnel boring machine 100 are installed one by one on the outer side of the sub-shield 130 through the installation mechanism 150 arranged on the inner side of the mother shield 140, so as to assemble the mother shield 140 into a ring by the plurality of shield blocks on the outer side of the sub-shield 130. The plurality of mother shield 140 rings are assembled into the mother shield 140 along the axial direction of the sub-shield 130.

[0083] The transport mechanism 160 can be installed on the cross-shaped frame 400 inside the sub-shield 130 before the diameter is expanded, and the transport mechanism 160 extends axially along the sub-shield 130 to the front soil bin 500. The transport mechanism 160 can transport the cutter disc blocks or shield blocks to the front soil bin 500 to facilitate the installation of the cutter disc blocks and shield blocks. Specifically, the transport mechanism 160 can include a transport track 161 and a transport seat 162 movably arranged along the transport track 161.

[0084] In the above embodiment, the installation mechanism 150 can be installed on the side of the sub-cutter disc 110 or the mother cutter disc 120 away from the tunnel face before the shield blocks are installed, and the installation mechanism 150 is arranged offset from the center of the cutter disc. The installation mechanism 150 can grab the shield blocks transported by the transport mechanism 160 into the soil bin 500, and assemble the shield blocks one by one on the periphery of the sub-shield 130 under the driving of the cutter disc rotation, to form a shield block ring. After one shield block ring is assembled, the tunneling machine can advance a small distance forward, so that the previously assembled shield block ring moves backward relative to the tunneling machine, and space is left for assembling the next shield block ring. The two shield block rings axially adjacent to each other can be fixedly connected. The above steps are repeated until the plurality of shield block rings are assembled into the complete mother shield 140 along the axial direction.

[0085] S400, the mother shield 140 and the sub-shield 130 are fixedly connected together, and the thrust cylinder 200 is installed on the side of the mother shield 140 away from the tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine 100.

[0086] Before the mother shield body 140 and the child shield body 130 are fixed, the transportation mechanism 160 and the child tail shield of the tunnel boring machine 100 can be removed to provide operation space for subsequent construction, wherein the child tail shield is located on the side of the child shield body 130 away from the tunneling direction. It should be noted that the segment is installed on the inner side of the tail shield, and the tail shield mainly provides safety protection for the segment installation process.

[0087] In the process of fixing the mother shield body 140 and the child shield body 130, the mother shield body 140 and the child shield body 130 can be radially connected by pins or bolts, and the mother shield body 140 and the child shield body 130 are welded together along the same end of the mother shield body 140. The pushing oil cylinder 200 on the child shield body 130 can be removed and installed on the mother shield body 140, or a new pushing oil cylinder 200 can be installed on the mother shield body 140. The pushing oil cylinder 200 can be supported on the side of the segment to provide power for the advancement of the tunneling machine.

[0088] After that, the arc-shaped mother tail shield 300 can be installed outside the position of the removed child tail shield to form a ring-shaped mother tail shield 300 by splicing multiple mother tail shield 300 blocks. The mother tail shield 300 forms an expanded tail shield to provide protection for segment installation. In addition, the transportation mechanism 160 and the installation mechanism 150 can be removed to avoid interference with the expanded construction.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited thereto. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for part or all of the technical features. The modification or substitution does not change the essence of the corresponding technical solution, and does not deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine includes a cutterhead, a shield body and a mounting mechanism, the cutterhead includes a sub-cutterhead and a mother cutterhead, the mother cutterhead is arranged around the outside of the sub-cutterhead, the mother cutterhead includes a plurality of arc-shaped cutterhead blocks, and the plurality of cutterhead blocks are spliced ​​together to form the annular mother cutterhead, the sub-cutterhead includes a cutting arm, and the cutting arm is telescopically mounted in the spoke arm bin of the sub-cutterhead, the shield body includes a sub-shield body and a mother shield body, the shield body is located on the side of the cutterhead away from the tunnel boring machine excavation direction, the mother shield body is arranged around the outside of the sub-shield body, the mother shield body includes a plurality of mother shield rings spliced ​​along the axial direction of the sub-shield body, the mother shield ring includes a plurality of arc-shaped shield blocks, and the plurality of shield blocks are spliced ​​together to form the annular mother shield ring; the mounting mechanism is arranged on the side of the mother cutterhead away from the tunnel boring direction, and the diameter changing method of the tunnel boring machine includes the following steps: Extending the cutting arm from the spoke arm compartment of the sub-cutter disc, and causing the extended cutting arm to excavate the tunnel under the drive of the sub-cutter disc; Welding the plurality of arc-shaped cutter disc blocks one by one on the outside of the sub-cutter disc, so as to form the annular mother cutter disc by splicing the plurality of cutter disc blocks on the outside of the sub-cutter disc; The shield segments transported to the soil bin of the tunnel boring machine are mounted one by one on the outside of the sub-shield body by the mounting mechanism disposed on the inner side of the mother cutterhead, so that a plurality of the shield segments are spliced ​​on the outer side of the sub-shield body to form an annular mother shield segment ring, and a plurality of the mother shield segment rings are spliced ​​along the axial direction of the sub-shield body to form the mother shield body; The mother shield body and the sub-shield body are fixedly connected together, and a propulsion cylinder is installed on a side of the mother shield body away from the tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine.

2. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: The tunnel boring machine further comprises a transport mechanism, which is arranged in the sub-shield body and is used to transport the sub-shield body in blocks into a soil bin of the tunnel boring machine.

3. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, wherein: The tunnel boring machine also includes a shielding assembly, which is arranged on the inner side of the sub-shield body. The shielding assembly includes a shielding member and a driving cylinder. The shielding member is connected to the driving end of the driving cylinder so that the shielding member is driven by the driving cylinder to extend into the soil bin or retract from the soil bin.

4. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, wherein: The tunnel boring machine further comprises a female tail shield, which is located on a side of the female shield body away from the tunneling direction.

5. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: After extending the cutting arm from the spoke arm compartment of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead and causing the extended cutting arm to excavate the tunnel under the drive of the cutterhead, the method further includes: installing a steel plate ring on the inner wall of the tunnel excavated by the cutting arm; Anchor rods are arranged between the steel plate ring and the inner wall of the tunnel.

6. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before welding the multiple arc-shaped cutter disc blocks one by one to the outside of the sub-cutter disc, the method also includes: extending the shielding assembly arranged on the inside of the sub-shield body into the soil bin along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine, so as to shield the soil and rocks falling from above the soil bin through the shielding assembly.

7. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, wherein: Before the mother shield body and the sub-shield body are fixedly connected together and a propulsion cylinder is installed on a side of the mother shield body facing away from the tunnel boring machine's excavation direction, the method further includes: removing the transport mechanism and a sub-tail shield of the tunnel boring machine, the sub-tail shield being located on a side of the sub-shield body facing away from the tunnel boring machine's excavation direction.

8. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, wherein: After the mother shield body and the sub-shield body are fixedly connected together and a thrust cylinder is installed on the side of the mother shield body facing away from the tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine, the method further includes: installing arc-shaped mother tail shield blocks outside the position of the removed sub-tail shields, so as to splice a plurality of the mother tail shield blocks into a ring-shaped mother tail shield.

9. The method for changing the diameter of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed connection of the mother shield body and the daughter shield body specifically includes: radially connecting the mother shield body and the daughter shield body through pins or bolts, and welding the mother shield body and the daughter shield body together along the same end of the mother shield body in the axial direction.

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