A method and system for printing functional structures on the surface of ultra-fine fibers

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of flexible electronic manufacturing, and discloses a method and system for spraying a functional structure on a superfine fiber micro-peripheral surface, which comprises the following steps: S1, depositing a positive material layer on the superfine fiber micro-peripheral surface to form a surface charge; S2, using a weak electric field to induce spraying to prepare a functional structure on the superfine fiber micro-peripheral surface, wherein the voltage of the weak electric field is less than 2000 V; and S3, sintering the functional structure printed on the superfine fiber micro-peripheral surface to functionalize the functional structure. The application can realize high-precision spraying on the superfine fiber micro-peripheral surface, and solve the problem of full-process on-demand patterning manufacturing of the functional structure on the superfine fiber micro-peripheral surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of flexible electronics manufacturing, and more specifically, relates to a method and system for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrafine fiber functional devices are sensor devices typically fabricated using micron-scale ultrafine fibers or optical fibers as substrates. Fiber sensors, represented by fiber optic sensors, have broad application prospects in aerospace structural health monitoring, used for dynamic monitoring of material health status in aircraft, identifying and quantifying structural defects and damage, and enabling lighter equipment. In the field of wearable medical devices, carbon nanotube-based fiber sensors integrate well with human tissue structures, allowing for real-time and remote monitoring of physiological information when implanted in the human body. Furthermore, fiber sensors can also be used in environmental monitoring to determine pollutants such as organochlorine compounds (CHCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Functional sensitive mechanisms fabricated on ultrafine fiber surfaces can measure various parameters such as temperature, stress, and vibration, while being small in size and resistant to electromagnetic interference, making them widely used in aerospace, biomedicine, and environmental monitoring fields.

[0003] Microfiber functional sensing mechanisms are suitable for a variety of substrate materials. Pressure sensors can be made by coating multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the surface of PDMS fibers, and various fiber optic signal sensors can be made by microstructure processing on the surface of optical fibers. These sensors have good stability and anti-interference capabilities. Polymer spun fibers with surface plasmon reinforcement can monitor catalytic reaction processes through changes in SERS signals. However, due to their small size, high curvature, and ultra-large aspect ratio, it is difficult to effectively clamp and align microfibers during surface processing, and it is also difficult to perform high-resolution patterning.

[0004] Current research has made some progress in the fabrication of micro-circular fibers or curved surface functional devices. Patent CN2017101133061 proposes a laser real-time sintering and curing device and method for curved surface printing. It utilizes laser real-time sintering during printing, employing adjustable laser parameters to obtain ideal micro / nano functional structures on curved surfaces. However, this method cannot be adapted to the fabrication of functional structures on high-curvature ultrafine fiber surfaces. Patent CN2021104585739 proposes a thermal drawing method for preparing pressure-sensing fibers. This process has high production efficiency and is suitable for large-scale production; however, it can only fabricate single sensors and cannot create distributed sensors on the fiber surface. Patent CN202011444496.3 proposes using femtosecond lasers to fabricate high-temperature sensors with FP-cavity structures within sapphire optical fibers. This allows for the fabrication of optical fibers and the acquisition of corresponding functional structures. However, this process can only process single-material optical fibers and cannot achieve in-situ fabrication of heterogeneous structures made of multiple materials, nor can it directly form structures on the fiber surface.

[0005] Current research has not yet provided a good solution for the patterned and precise processing of micro-circular microfiber surfaces. There is an urgent need to propose a method and device for printing and processing microfiber micro-circular surface functional structures in areas such as integrated in-situ manufacturing of high curvature surfaces, high-precision alignment, and microfiber clamping, so as to realize the direct manufacturing of micro-circular surface functional structures represented by microfibers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method and system for printing functional structures on the micro-circular surface of microfibers, which can realize high-precision printing on the micro-circular surface of microfibers and solve the problem of full-process on-demand patterning manufacturing of functional structures on the micro-circular surface of microfibers across scales.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers is provided, comprising: S1: depositing an active material layer on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers to form a surface charge; S2: preparing the functional structure on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers using weak electric field-induced spraying, wherein the voltage of the weak electric field is less than 2000V; S3: sintering the functional structure printed on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers for functionalization.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the polar material layer is deposited by spraying a polar solution, spraying a plasma coating, evaporating a polar material film, or sputtering a polar material film.

[0009] Preferably, the weak electric field is applied in the form of DC, square wave, or AC voltage; the sprayed ink is a nano-dispersion liquid; and laser sintering or thermal sintering is used in step S3.

[0010] The second aspect of this application provides a system for printing functional structures on the micro-circular surface of ultrafine fibers, including an integrated printhead device, a processing clamping device, a processing motion platform device, and a control device. The integrated printhead device includes a pre-processing module, a printing module, a post-processing module, and a vision positioning and observation module. The pre-processing module includes a printhead mounting base and a vertical printhead displacement stage, a horizontal printhead displacement stage, a rotary printhead displacement stage, and a plasma printhead connected in sequence. The printhead mounting base is provided with a first vertical guide rail, and the vertical displacement stage is connected to the first vertical guide rail. The printing module includes a vertical printhead displacement stage, a horizontal printhead displacement stage, and a current-current printhead connected in sequence. The printhead mounting base also includes a second vertical guide rail, and the vertical printhead displacement stage is connected to the second vertical guide rail. The post-processing module includes a pre-processing module, a printing module, a horizontal printhead displacement stage, and a plasma printhead connected in sequence. The printhead mounting base also includes a second vertical guide rail, and the vertical printhead displacement stage is connected to the second vertical guide rail. The post-processing module and the vision positioning and observation module are installed on the nozzle mounting base. The post-processing module is used to sinter the functional structure, and the vision positioning and observation module is used to position the workpiece and observe the processing process in real time. The processing clamping device is used to clamp ultrafine fibers of different lengths and diameters and drive the ultrafine fibers to rotate. The processing motion platform device includes a motion control Z-axis, a motion control Y-axis, and a motion control X-axis. The integrated nozzle device slides with the motion control Z-axis, and the motion control Z-axis is fixed to the motion control Y-axis to realize the Y-direction movement of the motion control Z-axis. The processing clamping device is fixed on the motion control X-axis, and the axis of the processing clamping device is parallel to the motion control X-axis. The control device is used to control the integrated nozzle device, the processing clamping device, and the processing motion platform device.

[0011] Preferably, the machining clamping device includes a linear guide rail, a lead screw, a locking element, an adjusting handwheel, a fiber optic chuck, a collet, a tool holder, a motion control A-axis, and a slide table. The linear guide rail and the lead screw are parallel. There are two sets of the locking element, collet, tool holder, and motion control A-axis. The collet and tool holder are fixed to the motion control A-axis. The locking element is used to lock the lead screw. The collet is used to clamp the fiber optic chuck. The lead screw and the linear guide rail are both mounted on the slide table. The slide table is fixed to the motion control X-axis, thereby realizing movement in the X-axis direction.

[0012] Preferably, the pretreatment module includes a z-xy displacement stage connector, a vertical adjustment knob, a horizontal adjustment knob, and a rotary adjustment knob, wherein the nozzle vertical displacement stage and the nozzle horizontal displacement stage are connected by the z-xy displacement stage connector, the vertical adjustment knob is used for fine-tuning the nozzle vertical displacement stage, the horizontal adjustment knob is used for fine-tuning the nozzle horizontal displacement stage, and the rotary adjustment knob is used for fine-tuning the nozzle rotary displacement stage.

[0013] Preferably, the visual positioning and observation module includes an in-situ observation camera and a horizontal positioning camera, wherein the horizontal positioning camera is used to locate the height position between the plasma nozzle and the electro-hydraulic nozzle and the processing clamping device.

[0014] Preferably, the in-situ observation camera is perpendicular to the fiber optic chuck and uses an MML optical axis transformation prism to receive the incident light.

[0015] Preferably, the control device includes a control terminal, and a pre-processing control module, a printing control module, a post-processing control module, and a vision control module connected to the control terminal.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the method and system for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The pretreatment method based on pre-depositing surface charge on ultrafine fiber circumferential workpiece proposed in this application can achieve high-precision functional structure printing with only a weak electric field. Due to the surface charge polarization characteristics of the polar material of the ultrafine fiber workpiece, only a weak electric field is needed to achieve high-precision Taylor cone jetting at the nozzle.

[0018] 2. This application improves the compatibility of electric field application methods. Due to the bipolar reversal characteristics of polar materials, compared with traditional electrofluid printing which relies mainly on strong electric fields, the printing method proposed in this invention has greatly improved compatibility with electric fields, and is effectively compatible with DC, square wave, and AC voltages.

[0019] 3. This application realizes the full-process in-situ manufacturing of micro-circular surface functional structures of ultrafine fibers. The multi-process composite nozzle proposed in this invention combines plasma hydrophilic and hydrophobic pretreatment, high-resolution electrofluidic printing, and in-situ laser sintering annealing processes, realizing the full-process on-demand manufacturing of micro-circular surface functional structures of ultrafine fibers from structure preparation to in-situ functionalization.

[0020] 4. This application achieves high-resolution patterning manufacturing of high-curvature surfaces. The ultra-fine fiber surface manufacturing motion platform and path planning system proposed in this invention utilizes a micro-circular surface processing path planning system combining a linear motor X-axis and a rotary motor A-axis, coupled with binocular vision monitoring, and incorporates the characteristics of high-resolution manufacturing of electrohydraulic inkjet printing, to achieve high-resolution patterning manufacturing of high-curvature rotating parts.

[0021] 5. This application is compatible with the manufacturing of surface functional structures for micro-circular workpieces of different diameters. The millimeter-level micro-circular and micron-level ultrafine fiber clamping method proposed in this invention utilizes the selective matching of high-precision sleeves and fiber optic clamps to achieve high-precision clamping of micro-circular workpieces with diameters of 1~10mm and ultrafine fiber with a diameter of 125μm, thereby laying the foundation for in-situ manufacturing.

[0022] 6. This application can realize surface machining of circumferential workpieces with different properties, such as rigidity and flexibility. The high-precision synchronous dual rotary motor rotation control method proposed in this invention uses the same encoder to achieve effective synchronization of the two rotary motors, ensuring that the two ends of the micro-circumferential device always operate synchronously during the machining process. It is compatible with the effective clamping of micro-circumferential workpieces with different properties, such as rigid workpieces like glass rods and flexible workpieces like optical fibers, and achieves stable and reliable machining process.

[0023] 7. This application can realize surface machining of micro-circular workpieces of different lengths. The lead screw handwheel length adjustment mechanism proposed in this invention adjusts the distance between two rotary motors by rotating the handwheel to adapt to the clamping requirements of both ends of micro-circular workpieces of different lengths, and uses a locking device for effective locking, thus solving the machining problem of micro-circular workpieces of different lengths. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of the method for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers according to this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the system for printing functional structures on the micro-circular surface of ultrafine fibers according to this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a detailed structural diagram of the preprocessing module and the printing module of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the post-processing module and the visual positioning and observation module of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the processing clamping device of this application.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of the processing clamping device in this application.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the processing motion platform device of this application.

[0031] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0032] 100-Full-process integrated nozzle device:

[0033] 111-Nozzle mounting base; 112-Nozzle vertical displacement stage; 113-Z-XY displacement stage connector; 114-Nozzle horizontal displacement stage; 115-Rotational displacement stage connector; 116-Nozzle rotational displacement stage; 117-Rotational displacement stage connector; 118-Plasma nozzle; 119-Nozzle clamp;

[0034] 121-Vertical displacement stage for printhead; 122-Z-XY displacement stage connector; 123-Horizontal displacement stage for printhead; 124-Needle tube gas delivery slot; 125-XY displacement stage-printhead connector; 126-Printhead clamp; 127-Electro-current printhead.

[0035] 131-Laser mount; 132-Laser mounting base; 133-Laser head;

[0036] 141-Truss; 142-Camera mount; 143-In-situ observation camera;

[0037] 144-MML optical axis conversion prism; 145-Camera mounting plate; 146-Horizontal positioning camera; 147-First camera fixing block; 148-Second camera fixing block;

[0038] 200-Machining clamping device; 210-Linear guide rail; 220-Lead screw; 230-Locking element; 240-Adjusting handwheel; 250-Fiber optic chuck; 260-Collet clamp; 270-Tool holder; 280-Slide table; 290-Motion control A-axis; 2100-Microfiber workpiece;

[0039] 300 - Machining motion platform device; 310 - Motion control Z-axis; 320 - Motion control Y-axis; 330 - Motion control X-axis;

[0040] 400 - Control device. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S1 to S3.

[0043] S1: An active material layer is deposited on the microcircular surface of the ultrafine fiber to form a surface charge.

[0044] Before deposition, the surface of the micro-circular workpiece of ultrafine fiber needs to be cleaned and clamped. The fiber workpiece is cleaned with organic solvent and deionized water respectively. Then, the micro-circular workpiece of ultrafine fiber is effectively clamped by the clamping structure to facilitate processing.

[0045] Surface charge deposition methods include, but are not limited to, spraying polar solutions, jetting plasma coatings, evaporating or sputtering polar material thin films. By depositing a polar material layer, it is easier to induce the deposition of functional structures by a weak electric field.

[0046] Materials used to deposit surface charges include, but are not limited to, plasma coatings, electret material coatings, and micro / nano polar molecular material coatings.

[0047] S2: The functional structure of the microcircular surface of ultrafine fiber is prepared by weak electric field induced spraying, wherein the voltage of the weak electric field is less than 2000V.

[0048] Due to the surface charge polarization characteristics of the polar material on the surface of the microfiber workpiece, only a weak electric field is needed to achieve high-precision Taylor cone jetting at the nozzle. Furthermore, due to the bipolar reversal characteristics of the polar material, the printing method proposed in this application has greatly improved compatibility with electric fields compared to traditional electrofluid printing, which is dominated by strong electric fields.

[0049] The weak electric field can be applied in ways including but not limited to DC, square wave, and AC voltage. The applied voltage amplitude is generally below 2000V to achieve effective printing.

[0050] S3: Sinter functionalize the functional structure printed on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers.

[0051] Since high-precision printing requires inks that are nano-dispersions, functionalizing the nanofilms after deposition requires sintering the printed films to ensure effective sintering of the nanoparticles.

[0052] The methods for functionalizing nanofilms by sintering include, but are not limited to, laser sintering and thermal sintering. Preferably, for functional structure films on the surface of ultrafine fibers, laser sintering is preferred, as it can reduce the radiation area on the substrate and reduce substrate deformation.

[0053] The second aspect of this application provides a system for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the system includes an integrated nozzle device 100, a processing clamping device 200, a processing motion platform device 300, and a control device 400.

[0054] The integrated printhead device 100 includes a pre-processing module, a printing module, a post-processing module, and a vision positioning and observation module.

[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pretreatment module includes a nozzle mounting base 111 and a vertical displacement stage 112, a horizontal displacement stage 114, a rotary displacement stage 116, and a plasma nozzle 118 connected in sequence. The nozzle mounting base 111 is provided with a first vertical guide rail, and the vertical displacement stage is connected to the first vertical guide rail. In a further preferred embodiment, the pretreatment module also includes a z-xy displacement stage connector 113, a vertical adjustment knob, a horizontal adjustment knob, a rotary adjustment knob, a rotary displacement stage connector 115, a rotary displacement stage connector 117, and a nozzle clamp 119. The horizontal displacement stage 114 and the rotary displacement stage 116 are connected by the rotary displacement stage connector 115, and the vertical displacement stage 112 and the horizontal displacement stage 114 are connected by the z-xy displacement stage connector 113. The vertical adjustment knob is used for fine-tuning the vertical displacement stage 112 of the nozzle, the horizontal adjustment knob is used for fine-tuning the horizontal displacement stage 114 of the nozzle, and the rotary adjustment knob is used for fine-tuning the rotary displacement stage 116 of the nozzle. The plasma nozzle 118 is fixed by the nozzle clamp 119, and the entire nozzle part is connected to the rotary displacement stage 116 through the rotary displacement stage connector 117.

[0056] The printing module includes a vertical displacement stage 121 for the printing head, a horizontal displacement stage 123 for the printing head, and an electro-hydraulic nozzle 127 connected in sequence. The nozzle mounting base 111 also includes a second vertical guide rail. The vertical displacement stage 121 is connected to the second vertical guide rail, allowing it to slide up and down along the second vertical guide rail in the Z-axis direction. In a further preferred embodiment, the printing module also includes a z-xy displacement stage connector 122, a needle tube gas delivery slot 124, an xy displacement stage-printing head connector 125, a printing head clamp 126, and an electro-hydraulic nozzle 127. The vertical displacement stage 121 and the horizontal displacement stage 123 are connected by the z-xy displacement stage connector 122, and the horizontal displacement stage 123 and the printing head clamp 126 are connected by the xy displacement stage-printing head connector 125. The vertical displacement stage 121 of the printhead allows for manual fine-tuning of the printhead's spatial position in the z-direction using a knob, while the horizontal displacement stage 123 allows for manual fine-tuning of the printhead's spatial position in the X and Y directions using a knob. The electro-hydraulic printhead 127 is clamped by the printhead clamp 126, and a needle tube gas delivery slot 124 is installed on the electro-hydraulic printhead 127, through which air pressure can be applied to the electro-hydraulic printhead.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, the post-processing module includes a laser mount 131, a laser mounting base 132, and a laser head 133. The laser mount 131 is fixed to the nozzle mounting base 111 by bolts, and the laser mounting base 132 is installed and fixed to the laser mount 131 through a shaft hole. The laser head 133 is installed in the laser mounting base 132.

[0058] The visual positioning and observation module includes an in-situ observation camera 143 and a horizontal positioning camera 146. The horizontal positioning camera 146 is used to position the height of the plasma nozzle 118 and the electro-hydraulic nozzle 127 relative to the processing clamping device 200. The in-situ observation camera 143 observes from the side of the microfiber workpiece and is used to monitor the real-time status of the nozzle and the printed structure; that is, two cameras are used to assist in the positioning and observation of the preceding three process modules. The in-situ observation camera 143 is perpendicular to the fiber optic chuck 250 and uses an MML optical axis conversion prism 144 to receive incident light. The in-situ observation camera 143 is fixed to the positioning camera base 142 using a second camera fixing block 148. The positioning camera base 142 is mounted on the nozzle mounting base and reinforced by a truss 141. The horizontal positioning camera 146 is mounted on the nozzle mounting base via a camera mounting plate 145, and its vertical position is fixed using a first camera fixing block 147.

[0059] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the processing clamping device 200 is used to clamp microfibers of different lengths and diameters and drive the microfibers to rotate. The machining clamping device 200 includes a linear guide rail 210, a lead screw 220, a locking element 230, an adjusting handwheel 240, a fiber optic chuck 250, a collet 260, a tool holder 270, a motion control A-axis 290, and a slide table 280. The linear guide rail 210 and the lead screw 220 are parallel. There are two sets of the locking element 230, collet 260, tool holder 270, and motion control A-axis 290. The collet 260 and the tool holder 270 are fixed to the motion control A-axis 290. The locking element 230 is used to lock the lead screw 220. The collet 260 is used to clamp the fiber optic chuck 250. The lead screw 220 and the linear guide rail 210 are both mounted on the slide table 280. The slide table 280 is fixed to the motion control X-axis 330, thereby realizing movement in the X-axis direction. The axis of the motion control A-axis coincides with the axis of the fibrous workpiece, and the positioning and rotation of the optical fiber are controlled by rotating the motion control A-axis.

[0060] By adjusting the handwheel 240 to rotate the lead screw 220, the movement of the lead screw 220 causes the linear guide rail 210 to move horizontally. Adjusting the relative distance between the left and right motor supports in the motor support base allows for workpieces of different lengths from 0 to 200 mm. The locking element 230 is bolted to the slide table 280 and clamps the connection between the handwheel 240 and the lead screw 220 to stop rotation, achieving locking and fiber tensioning. The tool holder 270 is preferably a BT30 tool holder, and the collet 260 is preferably an ER16 collet. The BT30 tool holder is coaxially fixed to the direct drive motor. The ER16 collet is installed in the BT30 tool holder and clamped, allowing for the clamping of workpieces with diameters from 1 to 10 mm. An optical fiber chuck 250 is installed in the ER16 collet, enabling the clamping of ultrafine fiber workpieces 2100 with a diameter of 125 µm.

[0061] like Figure 7 As shown, the processing motion platform device 300 is used to realize complex path planning and guidance during the processing of micro-circular surfaces of ultrafine fibers. The processing motion platform device 300 includes a motion control Z-axis 310, a motion control Y-axis 320, and a motion control X-axis 330. All three motion control axes are established around the optical fiber clamped on the motion control A-axis. The integrated nozzle device 100 slides with the motion control Z-axis 310, and the motion control Z-axis 310 is fixed to the motion control Y-axis 320, thereby realizing the Y-direction movement of the motion control Z-axis 310. The processing clamping device 200 is fixed on the motion control X-axis 330, and the axis of the processing clamping device 200 is parallel to the motion control X-axis 330. The motion control A-axis is mounted and secured on the motion control X-axis 330, and the X-direction movement of the optical fiber is controlled by the translational movement of the motion control X-axis 330, controlling the positioning and movement of the optical fiber during processing. The nozzle control module is mounted on the Z-axis 310, which is also mounted on the Y-axis 320. The Y-axis 320 controls the alignment of the integrated nozzle device 100 with the optical fiber, while the Z-axis 310 controls the vertical position of the integrated nozzle device 100 to meet the relative position requirements between the nozzle module and the optical fiber during processing.

[0062] The control device 400 is used to control the coordination between various functional modules, realizing the control of clamping, patterning, and observation functions for ultrafine fiber micro-circular workpieces. The control device 400 includes a control terminal, and pre-processing control modules, printing control modules, post-processing control modules, and vision control modules connected to the control terminal. The control terminal can be a main control computer, and all four control modules are connected to the main control computer and controlled uniformly by it. In the pre-processing module, a signal generator sends a signal to a high-voltage pulse generator. The high-voltage pulse generator receives the signal and, upon receiving power, generates a high-voltage pulse in the plasma gas path. A flow meter controls the plasma flow rate in the plasma gas path. The printing module also receives a signal from the signal generator (but on a different channel), which is amplified by a high-voltage amplifier to provide high voltage to the printhead. A proportional valve controls the flow rate in the printhead. The post-processing module receives a signal from the main control computer to control the light source controller, thereby controlling the intensity of the laser emitted by the laser to meet sintering requirements. The visual positioning and observation module uses observation cameras and positioning cameras to observe the real-time situation and feed the signals back to the main control computer. The main control computer then sends signals to regulate the other three modules to achieve precise positioning and real-time observation of the processed optical fiber.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for printing functional structures onto the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers, characterized in that, It includes an integrated nozzle assembly (100), a machining clamping device (200), a machining motion platform device (300), and a control device (400), wherein: The integrated printhead device (100) includes a pre-processing module, a printing module, a post-processing module, and a vision positioning and observation module. The pre-processing module includes a printhead mounting base (111) and a vertical displacement stage (112), a horizontal displacement stage (114), a rotary displacement stage (116), and a plasma printhead (118) connected in sequence. The printhead mounting base (111) is provided with a first vertical guide rail, and the vertical displacement stage (112) is connected to the first vertical guide rail. The printing module... The device includes a vertical displacement stage (121) for the printing head, a horizontal displacement stage (123) for the printing head, and an electro-hydraulic nozzle (127) connected in sequence. The nozzle mounting base (111) also includes a second vertical guide rail, and the vertical displacement stage (121) for the printing head is connected to the second vertical guide rail. The post-processing module and the vision positioning and observation module are mounted on the nozzle mounting base (111). The post-processing module is used to sinter the functional structure, and the vision positioning and observation module is used to position the workpiece and observe the processing process in real time. The processing clamping device (200) is used to clamp ultrafine fibers of different lengths and diameters and drive the ultrafine fibers to rotate. The processing motion platform device (300) includes a motion control Z-axis (310), a motion control Y-axis (320), and a motion control X-axis (330). The integrated nozzle device (100) is slidably coupled with the motion control Z-axis (310). The motion control Z-axis (310) is fixed to the motion control Y-axis (320), thereby realizing the Y-direction movement of the motion control Z-axis (310). The processing clamping device (200) is fixed on the motion control X-axis (330), and the axial direction of the processing clamping device (200) is parallel to the motion control X-axis (330). The control device (400) is used to control the integrated nozzle device (100), the processing clamping device (200), and the processing motion platform device (300). The machining clamping device (200) includes a linear guide (210), a lead screw (220), a locking element (230), an adjusting handwheel (240), a fiber optic chuck (250), a collet (260), a tool holder (270), a motion control A-axis, and a slide table (280). The linear guide (210) and the lead screw (220) are parallel. The locking element (230), collet (260), tool holder (270), and motion control A-axis are all... Two sets are provided. The collet (260) and the tool holder (270) are fixed to the motion control A-axis. The locking member (230) is used to lock the lead screw (220). The collet (260) is used to hold the fiber optic chuck (250). The lead screw (220) and the linear guide (210) are both provided on the slide (280). The slide (280) is fixed on the motion control X-axis (330), thereby realizing movement in the X-axis direction. The visual positioning and observation module includes an in-situ observation camera (143) and a horizontal positioning camera (146). The horizontal positioning camera (146) is used to locate the height position between the plasma nozzle (118) and the electrofluid nozzle (127) and the processing clamping device (200).

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment module includes a z-xy displacement stage connector (113), a vertical adjustment knob, a horizontal adjustment knob, and a rotary adjustment knob. The nozzle vertical displacement stage (112) and the nozzle horizontal displacement stage (114) are connected by the z-xy displacement stage connector (113). The vertical adjustment knob is used to fine-tune the nozzle vertical displacement stage (112), the horizontal adjustment knob is used to fine-tune the nozzle horizontal displacement stage (114), and the rotary adjustment knob is used to fine-tune the nozzle rotary displacement stage (116).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The in-situ observation camera (143) is perpendicular to the fiber optic chuck (250) and uses an MML optical axis transformation prism (144) to receive incident light.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control device (400) includes a control terminal, and a pre-processing control module, a printing control module, a post-processing control module and a vision control module connected to the control terminal.

5. A method for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers, characterized in that, The system for printing functional structures on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers based on any one of claims 1-4, the method comprising: S1: A layer of positive material is deposited on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers to form surface charge; S2: Functional structures on the surface of ultrafine fibers are prepared by weak electric field-induced spraying, wherein the voltage of the weak electric field is less than 2000V; S3: Sinter functionalize the functional structure printed on the microcircular surface of ultrafine fibers.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the polar material layer is deposited by spraying a polar solution, spraying a plasma coating, evaporating a polar material film, or sputtering a polar material film.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The weak electric field is applied in the form of DC, square wave, or AC voltage; the sprayed ink is a nano-dispersion liquid; thermal sintering is used in step S3.

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