Annular stepped falling solid particle heat sink

Abstract

The application discloses a circular stepped falling type solid particle heat absorber, which comprises a heat absorber tank body, the wall of the heat absorber tank body is made of glass, a plurality of annular small material guiding inclined plates and a plurality of annular large material guiding inclined plates are arranged in the heat absorber tank body in a spaced-apart manner from top to bottom, the small material guiding inclined plates and the large material guiding inclined plates are arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom, each small material guiding inclined plate is fixed on a support, each large material guiding inclined plate is fixed on the wall of the heat absorber tank body, the bottom end of the support is fixedly connected with a material collecting hopper, the bottom of the material collecting hopper is provided with a discharging pipe, and the discharging pipe extends downwards and penetrates through the bottom of the heat absorber tank body. The heat absorber can effectively reduce heat loss and solid particle loss, has higher heat absorption efficiency, can make all solid particles fully absorb heat, the temperature of the solid particles after heat absorption is relatively uniform, and there is no large temperature difference between the solid particles at different positions, and the heat absorber has good energy storage and heat preservation effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar thermal power generation, and more specifically to an annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy boasts advantages such as abundant resources, safety, cleanliness, and sustainability, making the solar power generation industry increasingly attractive. Solid particles exhibit good absorption performance across the solar spectrum, possessing numerous advantages including high volumetric heat capacity, diverse types, and low cost. Using solid particles as heat-absorbing media and heat storage materials in solar thermal power generation holds immense potential.

[0003] Current free-fall pellet heat absorbers have small pellet curtain areas and fast falling speeds, resulting in short heat absorption times and low heat absorption efficiency. The light inlets of these pellet heat absorbers open to the outside, easily causing heat loss within the chamber and making them highly susceptible to environmental influences; in strong winds, pellets can easily be blown out of the absorber. Furthermore, due to the limited number of light inlets, the degree of heat absorption varies depending on the distance of the pellets from the inlets, resulting in uneven temperature distribution of the discharged heat-absorbing pellets. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber that allows for a large flow of solid particles within the heat absorption cavity, effectively reducing heat loss and solid particle runoff, and achieving higher heat absorption efficiency. This allows all solid particles to fully absorb heat, resulting in more uniform temperature rise after heat absorption. There are no large temperature differences between solid particles at different locations, and the energy storage and heat preservation effects are good, with low heat loss and a long service life.

[0005] The present invention relates to an annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber, comprising a heat absorber tank, the wall of which is made of glass. Multiple annular small guide plates and multiple annular large guide plates are spaced apart from top to bottom inside the heat absorber tank. The small and large guide plates are arranged alternately from top to bottom. Each small guide plate is fixed to a support, and each large guide plate is fixed to the wall of the heat absorber tank. The bottom end of the support is fixedly connected to a collection hopper, which is located in the lower part of the heat absorber tank. A discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the collection hopper, extending downwards and exiting the bottom of the heat absorber tank.

[0006] The upper surface of the large guide plate is a slope with a higher outer edge and a lower inner edge, and the upper surface of the small guide plate is a slope with a higher inner edge and a lower outer edge. The outer edge of the small guide plate faces downwards to the outer part of the surface of the large guide plate, and the inner edge of the large guide plate faces downwards to the inner part of the surface of the small guide plate.

[0007] The top of the absorber tank is equipped with a distributor, which includes a conical material flow guide cone with the cone angle facing upwards. The material flow guide cone is fixedly connected to a support. A feed pipe is provided vertically at the middle of the top of the absorber tank. The outlet of the feed pipe is located above the material flow guide cone. An electric slide valve for regulating the feed flow rate is connected in series on the feed pipe. The inlet of the feed pipe is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature particle buffer tank. The outlet of the low-temperature particle buffer tank is located at the bottom of the low-temperature particle buffer tank. The upper part of the low-temperature particle buffer tank is equipped with a feed inlet.

[0008] Each large guide plate, each small guide plate, and the upward-facing surface of the material flow guide cone are coated with a wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating.

[0009] When solid granular material flows out of the outlet of the feed pipe, it will flow to the surface of the small guide plate or the large guide plate located below it under the guidance of the material flow guide cone. Then it will flow downward along the surface of the small guide plate or the large guide plate and flow to the surface of the large guide plate or the small guide plate located below it. This process is repeated downwards until the solid granular material flows downwards into the collection hopper.

[0010] Preferably, the heat absorber tank has a circular cross-section, the wall of the heat absorber tank is made of high-temperature resistant flat glass mounted on a frame, and the outer sleeve has a circular cross-section that can be connected to the top of the heat absorber tank.

[0011] Preferably, the support includes multiple vertically arranged columns, which are symmetrically arranged around the vertical axis of the absorber tank. The top of the columns is in contact with the downward-facing end face of the material flow guide cone, and the bottom of the columns is fixedly connected to the collection hopper.

[0012] Preferably, the number of columns is 3 to 8.

[0013] Preferably, the wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand temperatures above 800°C, and the wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating is a ceramic coating or a silicon carbide coating, with a thickness of 0.1mm-0.2mm.

[0014] Preferably, the wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand temperatures above 1000°C.

[0015] Preferably, the large guide plate is a frustum-shaped cone with the cone angle pointing downwards, and the cone angle of the large guide plate is 10°-30°; the small guide plate is a frustum-shaped cone with the cone angle pointing upwards, and the cone angle of the small guide plate is 10°-30°.

[0016] Preferably, the absorber tank is equipped with a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of solid particles used in solar thermal power generation.

[0017] In use, the annular stepped drop solid particle heat absorber of this invention allows solid particles to flow down in an annular curtain shape at the bottom edge of the guide cone, forming a waterfall-like flow within the absorber cavity. After falling onto the inner upper surface of the small guide plate (which is inclined), the particles flow along its surface to the outer edge and then freely fall onto the outer portion of a large guide plate. This process repeats until the particles fall into the collection hopper. Because the particle curtain increases the heat absorption area, the annular stepped drop solid particle heat absorber of this invention significantly increases the throughput of solid particles within the heat absorption cavity, thereby increasing heat absorption efficiency. Because the walls of the absorber tank are made of glass, the solid particle curtain can directly absorb solar radiation heat from all sides, effectively solving the problem of heat loss at the heat absorption port of existing particle absorbers, and helping to improve the temperature uniformity of solid particles. The outer wall of the absorber tank also has windproof and heat preservation functions, effectively preventing the loss of particle materials and reducing heat loss. At the same time, the upward-facing surfaces of the material flow guide cone, small guide plate and large guide plate are coated with wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coatings.

[0018] This invention increases the throughput of solid particles within the heat absorption chamber by uniformly distributing them in a ring-shaped stepped curtain pattern. Furthermore, the design of the guide plate extends the residence time of the solid particles in the absorber, significantly improving the heat absorption effect. The glass-enclosed chamber provides continuous insulation and wind protection, effectively reducing heat loss and solid particle runoff. Therefore, this ring-shaped stepped falling solid particle heat absorber features a large throughput of solid particles within the heat absorption chamber, effectively reducing heat loss and solid particle runoff, higher heat absorption efficiency, ensuring all solid particles can fully absorb heat, more uniform temperature rise after heat absorption, minimal temperature differences between particles at different locations, good energy storage and insulation, low heat loss, and long service life.

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top sectional view of the middle section of the heat absorber tank;

[0022] Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the fabric feeder;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber of the present invention in use. Detailed Implementation

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber of the present invention includes a heat absorber tank 1. The wall of the heat absorber tank 1 is made of glass. A plurality of annular small guide plates 3 and a plurality of annular large guide plates 2 are spaced apart from top to bottom inside the heat absorber tank 1. The small guide plates 3 and large guide plates 2 are arranged alternately from top to bottom. Each small guide plate 3 is fixed on a support 7, and each large guide plate 2 is fixed on the wall of the heat absorber tank 1. The bottom end of the support 7 is fixedly connected to a collection hopper 4. The collection hopper 4 is located in the lower part of the heat absorber tank 1. The bottom of the collection hopper 4 is provided with a discharge pipe 5, which extends downward and passes through the bottom of the heat absorber tank 1.

[0025] The upper surface of the large guide plate 2 is a slope with a high outer edge and a low inner edge, and the upper surface of the small guide plate 3 is a slope with a high inner edge and a low outer edge. The outer edge of the small guide plate 3 faces downward to the outer part of the surface of the large guide plate 2, and the inner edge of the large guide plate 2 faces downward to the inner part of the surface of the small guide plate 3.

[0026] The top of the absorber tank 1 is provided with a distributor 8, which includes a conical material flow guide cone 6 with the cone angle facing upward. The material flow guide cone 6 is fixedly connected to the support 7. The middle of the top of the absorber tank 1 is provided with a feed pipe 9 along the vertical direction. The outlet of the feed pipe 9 is located above the material flow guide cone 6. An electric slide valve 10 for regulating the feed flow is connected in series on the feed pipe 9. The inlet of the feed pipe 9 is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature particle buffer tank 11. The outlet of the low-temperature particle buffer tank 11 is located at the bottom of the low-temperature particle buffer tank 11. The upper part of the low-temperature particle buffer tank 11 is provided with a feed port.

[0027] The upward-facing surfaces of each large guide plate 2, each small guide plate 3, and the material flow guide cone 6 are coated with a wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating.

[0028] When the solid granular material flows out of the outlet of the feed pipe 9, it will flow under the guidance of the material flow guide cone 6 to the surface of the small guide plate 3 or the large guide plate 2 located below it, and then flow downward along the surface of the small guide plate 3 or the large guide plate 2, and flow to the surface of the large guide plate 2 or the small guide plate 3 located below it. This process continues downward in an alternating manner until the solid granular material flows downward into the collection hopper 4.

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-section of the heat absorber tank 1 is circular, the wall of the heat absorber tank 1 is constructed by mounting high-temperature resistant flat glass on a frame, and the cross-section of the outer sleeve 3 is circular and can be connected to the top of the heat absorber tank 1.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the support 7 includes a plurality of vertical columns 14 arranged in a vertical direction. The plurality of columns 14 are symmetrically arranged around the vertical axis of the heat absorber tank 1. The top of the column 14 is in contact with the downward end face of the material flow guide cone 6, and the bottom of the column 14 is fixedly connected to the collection hopper 4.

[0031] As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the above-mentioned columns 14 is 3 to 8.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above-mentioned wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand high temperatures above 800°C. The wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating is a ceramic coating or a silicon carbide coating, and the thickness of the wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating is 0.1mm-0.2mm.

[0033] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above-mentioned wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand high temperatures of over 1000°C.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, the large guide plate 2 is a frustum shape with the cone angle facing downwards, and the cone angle of the large guide plate 2 is 10°-30°. The small guide plate 3 is a frustum shape with the cone angle facing upwards, and the cone angle of the small guide plate 3 is 10°-30°.

[0035] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above-mentioned heat absorber tank 1 is provided with a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of solid particles used in solar thermal power generation.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-section of the heat absorber tank 1 is circular, the wall of the heat absorber tank 1 is constructed by mounting high-temperature resistant flat glass on a frame, and the cross-section of the outer sleeve 3 is circular and can be connected to the top of the heat absorber tank 1.

[0037] The support includes multiple vertical columns 14 arranged symmetrically around the vertical axis of the heat absorber tank 1. The top of the column 14 is in contact with the downward-facing end face of the material flow guide cone 6, and the bottom of the column 14 is fixedly connected to the collection hopper 12.

[0038] As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the above-mentioned columns 14 is 3 to 8.

[0039] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above-mentioned wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand high temperatures above 800°C. The wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating is a ceramic coating or a silicon carbide coating, and the thickness of the wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating is 0.1mm-0.2mm.

[0040] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above-mentioned wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand high temperatures of over 1000°C.

[0041] As a further improvement of the present invention, the aforementioned receiver tank 1 is equipped with a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of solid particles used in solar thermal power generation. The temperature measuring device can be used to monitor temperature changes inside the receiver tank 1, and if a temperature exceeding the set value is detected, it can provide timely warnings to prevent equipment accidents.

[0042] The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber of the present invention includes a heat absorber tank 1, the wall of which is made of glass. A distributor 2 is provided at the top of the heat absorber tank 1. The distributor 2 includes a conical material flow guide cone 6, with the cone angle of the material flow guide cone 6 facing upwards. In use, as... Figure 4 As shown, the solid granular material flows towards the bottom edge of the guide cone 6 in the form of an annular curtain, entering the absorber cavity to form a waterfall-like flow of solid particles. After the solid particles fall onto the inner upper surface of the small guide plate 3, due to the inclined surface of the small guide plate 3, the solid particles will flow along the surface of the small guide plate 3 to the outer edge of the surface and then fall freely again to the outer part of the surface of the large guide plate 2. Since the surface of the large guide plate 2 is also inclined, the solid particles will flow along the surface of the large guide plate 2 to the inner edge of the surface of the large guide plate 2 and then fall freely again to the inner part of the surface of the small guide plate 3. This cycle repeats until the solid particles fall into the collection hopper 4. Because the particle curtain can increase the heat absorption area, the annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber of the present invention can significantly increase the throughput of solid particles in the heat absorption cavity and increase the heat absorption efficiency. Because the walls of the absorber tank are made of glass, the solid particle curtain can directly absorb solar radiation heat from all sides, effectively solving the problem of heat loss at the heat absorption port of existing particle absorbers, and helping to improve the temperature uniformity of solid particles. The outer wall of the absorber tank also has windproof and heat preservation functions, effectively preventing the loss of particle materials and reducing heat loss. At the same time, the upward-facing surfaces of the material flow guide cone 6, the small guide plate 3, and the large guide plate 2 are coated with wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coatings.

[0043] This invention increases the throughput of solid particles within the heat absorption chamber by uniformly distributing them in a ring-shaped stepped curtain pattern. Furthermore, the design of the guide plate extends the residence time of the solid particles in the absorber, significantly improving the heat absorption effect. The glass-enclosed chamber provides continuous insulation and wind protection, effectively reducing heat loss and solid particle runoff. Therefore, this ring-shaped stepped falling solid particle heat absorber features a large throughput of solid particles within the heat absorption chamber, effectively reducing heat loss and solid particle runoff, higher heat absorption efficiency, ensuring all solid particles can fully absorb heat, more uniform temperature rise after heat absorption, minimal temperature differences between particles at different locations, good energy storage and insulation, low heat loss, and long service life.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber, characterized by: The device includes a heat absorber tank (1), the wall of which is made of glass. The heat absorber tank (1) is provided with multiple annular small guide plates (3) and multiple annular large guide plates (2) arranged from top to bottom. The small guide plates (3) and large guide plates (2) are arranged alternately from top to bottom. Each small guide plate (3) is fixed on a bracket (7), and each large guide plate (2) is fixed on the wall of the heat absorber tank (1). The bottom end of the bracket (7) is fixedly connected to the collection hopper (4). The collection hopper (4) is located in the lower part of the heat absorber tank (1). The bottom of the collection hopper (4) is provided with a discharge pipe (5), which extends downward and passes through the bottom of the heat absorber tank (1). The upper surface of the large guide plate (2) is a slope with a high outer edge and a low inner edge, and the upper surface of the small guide plate (3) is a slope with a high inner edge and a low outer edge. The outer edge of the small guide plate (3) faces downward to the outer part of the surface of the large guide plate (2), and the inner edge of the large guide plate (2) faces downward to the inner part of the surface of the small guide plate (3). The top of the absorber tank (1) is provided with a distributor (8), which includes a conical material flow guide cone (6). The cone angle of the material flow guide cone (6) is set upward. The material flow guide cone (6) is fixedly connected to the bracket (7). The middle of the top of the absorber tank (1) is provided with a feed pipe (9) in the vertical direction. The outlet of the feed pipe (9) is located above the material flow guide cone (6). An electric slide valve (10) for regulating the feed flow rate is connected in series on the feed pipe (9). The inlet of the feed pipe (9) is connected to the outlet of the low temperature particle buffer tank (11). The outlet of the low temperature particle buffer tank (11) is located at the bottom of the low temperature particle buffer tank (11). The upper part of the low temperature particle buffer tank (11) is provided with a feed port. The surfaces of each large guide plate (2), each small guide plate (3), and the material flow guide cone (6) facing upward are coated with a wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating. When the solid granular material flows out of the outlet of the feed pipe (9), it will flow to the surface of the small guide plate (3) or the large guide plate (2) below it under the guidance of the material flow guide cone (6), and then flow down along the surface of the small guide plate (3) or the large guide plate (2), and flow to the surface of the large guide plate (2) or the small guide plate (3) below it. This process continues downwards until the solid granular material flows down into the collection hopper (4).

2. The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat absorber tank (1) has a circular cross-section. The wall of the heat absorber tank (1) is made of high-temperature resistant glass mounted on a frame. The outer sleeve has a circular cross-section that can be connected to the top of the heat absorber tank (1).

3. The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The support (7) includes multiple vertical columns (14) arranged symmetrically around the vertical axis of the heat absorber tank (1). The top of the column (14) is in contact with the downward-facing end face of the material flow guide cone (6), and the bottom of the column (14) is fixedly connected to the collection hopper (4).

4. The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the columns (14) is 3 to 8.

5. The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand temperatures above 800℃. The wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating is a ceramic coating or a silicon carbide coating, and the thickness of the wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating is 0.1mm-0.2mm.

6. The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant coating can withstand temperatures above 1000℃.

7. The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The large guide plate (2) is a frustum with the cone angle pointing downwards, and the cone angle of the large guide plate (2) is 10°-30°. The small guide plate (3) is a frustum with the cone angle pointing upwards, and the cone angle of the small guide plate (3) is 10°-30°.

8. The annular stepped falling solid particle heat absorber as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The absorber tank (1) is equipped with a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of solid particles used in solar thermal power generation.

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