A method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of GIS technology services, and particularly to a method for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology. The method includes the following steps: Step 1, obtain regional grid-based meteorological data, regional power grid data, the location and design capacity information of fluctuating power source stations; Step 2, according to the grid-based meteorological data, the location and design capacity information of fluctuating power source stations, calculate the hourly power generation of fluctuating power sources under the multi-year average state for each station. The method of the present invention helps to correct the problem of overestimating the adaptability of the power grid to fluctuating power sources existing in the simple regional output and load comparison analysis method, and fully understand the influence of the power grid spatial topology structure and the power grid transmission capacity on the power consumption of fluctuating power sources, so as to reasonably control the development scale during the new energy regional planning and avoid resource waste caused by blind expansion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of GIS technology services, and specifically to a method for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology. Background Art

[0002] To address climate change and achieve the goals of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality", the national energy and power system is accelerating the transformation towards decarbonization, clean energy, and intelligent operation, and building a new power supply system with renewable energy as the main body. Under this background, a high proportion of new energy will become a key feature of the future power system, leading to fundamental changes in the grid composition structure, substation planning methods, and power consumption patterns.

[0003] Wind power generation and solar photovoltaic power generation are the most mature new energy power generation technologies currently in use; due to the differential fluctuation characteristics of wind and solar resources at different time scales and spatial ranges, these two types of new energy power generation have strong randomness, volatility, and uncertainty, which are called fluctuating power sources. The grid connection of a high proportion of fluctuating power sources will lead to an increase in the variability of the net load of the regional power system, and the variability shows a rapid increasing trend with the increase in the access proportion of fluctuating power sources. The output fluctuations at the power source end will exceed the load fluctuations and become the main difficulty in power dispatching. Serious phenomena of wind and light abandonment have occurred in the northwest power grid of China. How to ensure the power consumption of fluctuating power sources while increasing the penetration rate of new energy has become the core issue in power system planning.

[0004] In the planning stage of regional new energy development, fully understanding the power consumption capacity of the power system for fluctuating energy can help reasonably control the development scale and avoid resource waste caused by blind expansion. However, existing methods for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources often overestimate the adaptability of the power grid to fluctuating power sources by aggregating the output of regional subnets and analyzing the matching degree between output and load, without considering the spatial topology between power grids and the limitations of power transmission capabilities between power grids. There is a spatial mismatch between the distribution of wind and solar resources and power demand in China. Regional coordination is a key means to promote the power consumption of fluctuating power sources and alleviate power abandonment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology, which is of great significance for the spatial planning and strategic layout of regional new energy development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology, which belongs to an auxiliary analysis and decision-making tool for regional new energy planning. This method and system analyze the power consumption of fluctuating power sources by reconstructing the spatial topology map of the regional power grid, designing a power transmission constraint matrix and power dispatching rules for the power grid, and implementing power dispatching simulations for multi-level power grids hour by hour, so as to more accurately understand the adaptability of the power grid to fluctuating power sources and serve the spatial planning and strategic layout of regional new energy development, and solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology, and the method includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Obtain regional grid-based meteorological data, regional power grid data, the location and design capacity information of fluctuating power source stations;

[0008] Step 2: According to the grid-based meteorological data, the location and design capacity information of the fluctuating power source stations, calculate the hourly power generation of the fluctuating power sources under the multi-year average state for each station;

[0009] Step 3: Implement spatial statistics according to the spatial scope of the regional power grid, and calculate the output curve of the fluctuating power sources of the regional power grid;

[0010] Step 4: Design cross-regional power dispatch rules, and according to the rules and the spatial relationship of the regional power grid, construct a spatial topology structure diagram of the regional power grid power transmission, and combine the maximum power transmission power to construct a regional power grid power transmission constraint matrix;

[0011] Step 5: Establish a regional power dispatch model, and implement simulation according to the spatial topology structure diagram, the power transmission constraint matrix and the power dispatch rules, and record the flow direction of the fluctuating power sources and the power sources satisfying the load hour by hour;

[0012] Step 6: Output the power dispatch result, analyze the power consumption situation, and visualize the relevant spatial diagrams.

[0013] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the regional grid-based meteorological data in Step 1 includes:

[0014] 1. The hourly data of the total solar radiation on the ground, the diffuse radiation on the ground, the 2m air temperature, the 10m wind speed and the surface albedo for nearly 20 years used for calculating solar photovoltaic power generation, and based on this, calculate the multi-year average hourly time series;

[0015] 2. The hourly data of the 100m wind speed, air temperature, air pressure and surface roughness parameters for nearly 20 years used for calculating wind power generation, and based on this, calculate the multi-year average hourly time series.

[0016] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the regional power grid data in Step 1 includes:

[0017] 1. The spatial scope of each regional power grid, the hourly load change curve, the regional power grid flexibility (or the proportion of base load units), the maximum operating power and storage capacity of the regional energy storage, and the energy storage conversion efficiency;

[0018] 2. The power transmission channels between regional power grids, the maximum power transmission power and the power transmission loss.

[0019] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-regional power dispatching rules in step 4 include:

[0020] First, regional power transmission only occurs between spatially adjacent power grids, and one power grid does not serve as a bridge to support power transmission between non-adjacent power grids;

[0021] Second, regional power transmission is implemented according to the priority of power grids. The surplus power of a power grid is first transmitted to the adjacent power grids with higher priority.

[0022] 3. The surplus electricity is only stored in local energy storage facilities, and is not stored off-site through power transmission; similarly, the stored electricity is only used to supply local electricity demand;

[0023] 4. Power dispatching shall comply with the principles of energy conservation and power balance.

[0024] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the regional power dispatching model in step 5 includes:

[0025] The power grid units are divided into four categories: base load power source, fluctuating power source, energy storage power source, and other flexible power sources;

[0026] The net load curve of the grid is calculated based on the grid flexibility. The flexibility is expressed by the proportion of base load units in the grid. The net load curve is calculated according to the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] Where L t,net and L t,inital They represent the net load and initial load at time t respectively, and P represents the proportion of base load units in the power grid.

[0029] Power dispatch is implemented hourly based on the net load curve and fluctuating power output curve.

[0030] Calculate the amount of fluctuating power used in each regional power grid to meet all loads, the amount of additional flexible power required, the amount of power transfer between regional power grids, and the frequency of energy storage use.

[0031] The amount of fluctuating power sources in each power grid that is locally absorbed, stored, transmitted, and reduced is calculated hour by hour, and the overall penetration rate and power abandonment rate of fluctuating power sources in the power grid are calculated according to the following formula:

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] Among them, R p and R crespectively represent the permeability and the curtailment rate, E i,consumed and E i,curtailed respectively represent the amount of fluctuating power source electricity consumed and curtailed at time i, L represents the grid load, and G represents the output of the fluctuating grid.

[0035] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of power dispatch is as follows:

[0036] Starting from t = 1, compare the net load and the output of the fluctuating power source;

[0037] If the net load is greater than the output of the fluctuating power source, record that all the output of the fluctuating power source is locally consumed and assign a "power shortage" label;

[0038] If the net load is equal to the output of the fluctuating power source, record that all the output of the fluctuating power source is locally consumed;

[0039] If the net load is less than the output of the fluctuating power source, record that the amount of electricity consumed by the fluctuating power source locally is equal to the net load and assign a "power surplus" label;

[0040] Starting from the grid with the highest priority, handle the "power shortage" and "power surplus" situations respectively;

[0041] Continue to execute the above process for t = 2 until t = 8760, and the power dispatch ends.

[0042] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of handling the "power shortage" situation is as follows:

[0043] The grid showing "power shortage" requests power transmission from the neighboring "power surplus" grid. The obtained power does not exceed the maximum transmission power between the grids, and the obtained electricity does not exceed the net load of the "power shortage" grid and does not exceed the net surplus of the "power surplus" grid;

[0044] If the net load of the "power shortage" grid is still not satisfied, continue to request power from the local energy storage facility. The obtained power does not exceed the maximum energy storage operation power of the grid, and the obtained electricity does not exceed the remaining amount of the unmet net load and does not exceed the total electricity stored in the energy storage facility;

[0045] If the net load of the "power shortage" grid is still not satisfied, request power from other flexible power sources, and the obtained power is equal to the remaining amount of the unmet net load at this time.

[0046] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of handling the "power surplus" situation is as follows:

[0047] The power grid with "excessive output" transmits power to the power grid with "insufficient output", and the power transmission power does not exceed the maximum transmission power between the power grids, and the transmitted electricity does not exceed the net surplus of the "excessive output" power grid and does not exceed the unmet net load of the "insufficient output" power grid;

[0048] If there is still surplus in the "excessive output" power grid, continue to store power in the local energy storage facility. The power storage power does not exceed the maximum energy storage operation power of the power grid, and the stored electricity does not exceed the net surplus of the power grid and does not exceed the remaining storage capacity of the energy storage facility;

[0049] If there is still surplus in the "excessive output" power grid, the surplus fluctuating power source power is cut, and the cut electricity is equal to the surplus electricity at this time.

[0050] A fluctuating power source power consumption analysis system considering spatial topology includes:

[0051] A data acquisition module for acquiring regional grid-connected meteorological data, power grid data, the location and design capacity information of fluctuating power source stations;

[0052] A power dispatching module for establishing a regional power dispatching model and implementing the analysis of the consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology;

[0053] A result visualization module for outputting the power consumption analysis results and visualizing relevant spatial maps.

[0054] A fluctuating power source power consumption analysis system considering spatial topology, and the power dispatching module includes:

[0055] A spatial calculation unit for matching the grid-connected meteorological data according to the location information of the fluctuating power source stations, calculating the hourly power generation of each fluctuating power source station by station, and obtaining the output curve of the fluctuating power sources of the regional power grid according to the spatial scope of the regional power grid;

[0056] A topological graph construction unit for constructing an energy flow route graph of power transmission between regional power grids according to the spatial proximity relationship of the regional power grid;

[0057] A rule construction unit for converting regional power dispatching rules into computer-recognizable constraint conditions and constructing a constraint matrix for power transmission of the regional power grid;

[0058] A power dispatching unit for implementing simulations according to the spatial topology relationship, the power transmission constraint matrix and the power dispatching rules, and recording the intermediate process information of the flow direction of the fluctuating power sources and the power sources for meeting the load hour by hour.

[0059] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it can run the above-mentioned power consumption analysis system of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology.

[0060] A computer-readable storage medium stores multiple instructions, and the multiple instructions can be read and executed by a processor to run a power consumption analysis system of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology.

[0061] Advantageous effects: The technical solution of this application has the following technical effects: A method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology disclosed by the present invention reconstructs the spatial topology map of the regional power grid, designs the power transmission constraint matrix and power dispatching rules of the power grid, implements the power dispatching simulation of multiple-level power grids hour by hour, and records information such as the power of the fluctuating power source that meets the load of the regional power grid, the power of the additional flexible power source, and the amounts of the fluctuating power sources in each power grid being locally consumed, stored, transmitted, and curtailed, so as to realize the analysis of the power consumption of the fluctuating power source under the constraints of spatial topology and transmission capacity. The method of the present invention helps to correct the problem of overestimating the adaptability of the power grid's fluctuating power source in the simple regional output and load comparison analysis method, fully understand the influence of the spatial topology structure of the power grid and the power grid transmission capacity on the power consumption of the fluctuating power source, so as to reasonably control the development scale during the new energy regional planning and avoid resource waste caused by blind expansion.

[0062] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in more detail below can be regarded as part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts do not conflict with each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0064] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology established for the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 It is the roof photovoltaic output curve of the simulated Chinese regional power grid in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 3 It is the spatial topology structure diagram of the power transmission of the regional power grid described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 4 It is the load change curve of the regional power grid described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 5 The power consumption output result of the fluctuating power supply according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of an analysis system for power consumption of a fluctuating power supply considering spatial topology according to the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0070] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following combines the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments to detail the specific embodiments, structures, features and their effects according to the present invention as follows.

[0071] Under the background of the country's accelerating the transformation of the energy and power system towards carbonization, a high proportion of new energy will become a key feature of the power system. Wind power generation and solar photovoltaic power generation are the most mature new energy power generation technologies at present, but both have strong randomness, volatility and uncertainty, and are typical fluctuating power supplies. How to ensure sufficient power consumption while increasing the penetration rate of wind and solar power is the core issue of current power system planning. However, the existing methods for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power supplies do not consider the spatial topology relationship between power grids and the limitations of power transmission capabilities, overestimating the adaptability of power grids to fluctuating power supplies. In order to promote the regional coordinated consumption of fluctuating power supply electricity and alleviate the phenomenon of abandoned electricity, it is urgent to develop an analysis method for power consumption of fluctuating power supplies considering spatial topology.

[0072] The present invention discloses an analysis method, system, electronic device and readable storage medium for power consumption of a fluctuating power supply considering spatial topology. By reconstructing the spatial topology map of the regional power grid, constructing a power grid power transmission constraint matrix and power dispatching rules, and implementing power dispatching simulations of multi-level power grids hour by hour, the power consumption situation of the fluctuating power supply is analyzed. The system provides an implementation program of the method for users to use built-in parameters or custom data to achieve the analysis of power consumption of a fluctuating power supply considering spatial topology. The electronic device provides the software and hardware environment of the system, and the readable storage medium provides user instructions for executing the system. The present invention can more accurately understand the adaptability of the power grid to the fluctuating power supply, which is of great significance to the spatial planning and strategic layout of regional new energy development. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0073] Embodiment 1:

[0074] Reference Figure 1 Based on the above ideas, the present invention provides an analysis method for power consumption of a fluctuating power supply considering spatial topology, including the following steps:

[0075] S01, obtaining regional grid-based meteorological data, power grid data, the location and design capacity information of the fluctuating power supply station;

[0076] S02. Calculate the hourly power generation of the fluctuating power sources under the multi-year average condition for each station according to the gridded meteorological data, the locations and design capacity information of the fluctuating power stations;

[0077] S03. Implement spatial statistics according to the spatial scope of the regional power grid, and calculate the output curves of the fluctuating power sources in the regional power grid;

[0078] S04. Design cross-regional power dispatching rules. According to the rules and the spatial relationship of the regional power grid, construct the spatial topology structure diagram of the power transmission in the regional power grid, and combine with the maximum power transmission capacity to construct the power transmission constraint matrix of the regional power grid;

[0079] S05. Establish a regional power dispatching model. According to the spatial topology structure diagram, the power transmission constraint matrix and the power dispatching rules, conduct simulations, and record the hourly power flow direction of the fluctuating power sources and the power sources for meeting the load;

[0080] S06. Output the power dispatching results, analyze the power consumption situation, and visualize the relevant spatial diagrams.

[0081] For step S01, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0082] S011. Obtain the hourly data of the past 20 years of parameters such as the total solar radiation on the ground, the diffuse solar radiation on the ground, the air temperature at 2m, the wind speed at 10m, and the surface albedo for solar photovoltaic power generation calculation, and calculate the hourly time series of the multi-year average based on this;

[0083] S012. Obtain the hourly data of the past 20 years of parameters such as the wind speed at 100m, the air temperature, the air pressure, and the surface roughness for wind power generation calculation, and calculate the hourly time series of the multi-year average based on this;

[0084] S013. Obtain the spatial scope of each regional power grid, the hourly load change curve, the flexibility of the regional power grid (or the proportion of base load units), the maximum operating power and capacity of the regional energy storage, and the energy storage conversion efficiency;

[0085] S014. Obtain the information such as the power transmission channels, the maximum power transmission capacity, and the power transmission losses between the regional power grids.

[0086] For step S02, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0087] S021. Calculate the solar altitude angle according to the location and time information, which can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] where θ h is the solar altitude angle, δ is the solar declination angle, is the geographical latitude, ω is the solar hour angle, n is the number of days in a year (for example, the n value for February 5th is 36), and (hour, min, sec) represents the local time (expressed in 24-hour format).

[0092] S022, matching the global radiation and diffuse radiation of the fluctuating power generation station, and calculating the normal direct irradiance by the following formula:

[0093] GHI = DHI + NDI·cos(90 - θ h )

[0094] where GHI is the global radiation, DHI is the diffuse radiation, DNI is the normal direct irradiance, and θ h is the solar altitude angle;

[0095] S023, inputting the S011 data and the normal direct irradiance data into the PVLIB model to simulate the power generation of the photovoltaic power station under a specific design capacity;

[0096] S024, interpolating the S012 wind speed data to the height where the wind turbine is located, which can be calculated according to the Hellman model:

[0097]

[0098] where h hub and v hub represent the height where the wind turbine is located and the wind speed at that height, respectively;

[0099] S025, matching the wind power generation at the corresponding wind speed according to the power curve of the wind turbines in the wind farm.

[0100] The cross-regional power dispatch rules of the present invention include:

[0101] Regional power transmission only occurs between spatially adjacent power grids, and a power grid does not act as a bridge to support power transmission between non-adjacent power grids;

[0102] Regional power transmission is implemented according to the power grid priority. The surplus power of a certain power grid is first transmitted to the power grid with a higher priority among its adjacent power grids;

[0103] The surplus power is only stored in the local energy storage facilities and is not stored remotely through power transmission; equally, the stored power also only supplies the local electricity demand;

[0104] Power dispatch satisfies the principles of energy conservation and power balance.

[0105] For step S05, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0106] S051, classify the grid units into four categories: base load power sources, fluctuating power sources, energy storage power sources, and other flexible power sources;

[0107] S052, calculate the net load curve of the grid according to the grid flexibility, express the flexibility with the proportion of base load units in the grid, and calculate the net load curve according to the following formula:

[0108]

[0109] where L t,net and L t,inital represent the net load and the initial load at time t respectively, and P represents the proportion of base load units in the grid.

[0110] S053, implement power dispatching hour by hour according to the net load curve and the output curve of fluctuating power sources;

[0111] S054, calculate the electricity consumption of fluctuating power sources used to meet all loads, the electricity consumption of additional flexible power sources required, the electricity transmission volume between regional grids, and the usage frequency of energy storage in each regional grid;

[0112] S055, calculate the amount of fluctuating power sources in each grid that are locally consumed, stored, transmitted, and curtailed hour by hour, and calculate the overall penetration rate and curtailment rate of fluctuating power sources in the grid according to the following formula:

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] where, R p and R c represent the penetration rate and curtailment rate respectively, E i,consumed and E i,curtailed represent the amount of fluctuating power source electricity consumed and curtailed at time i respectively, L represents the grid load, and G represents the output of the fluctuating grid.

[0116] For step S053, the process of power dispatching includes:

[0117] S0531, starting from t = 1, compare the net load and the output of fluctuating power sources;

[0118] S0532, if the net load is greater than the output of fluctuating power sources, record that all the output of fluctuating power sources is locally consumed and assign the "insufficient output" mark;

[0119] If the net load is equal to the output of fluctuating power sources, record that all the output of fluctuating power sources is locally consumed;

[0120] If the net load is less than the output of the fluctuating power source, record that the electricity consumed locally by the fluctuating power source is equal to the net load, and assign the label of "excess output".

[0121] S0533, starting from the power grid with the highest priority, handle the "insufficient output" and "excess output" situations respectively.

[0122] S0534, continue to execute the above process for t = 2 until t = 8760, and the power dispatching ends.

[0123] For the "insufficient output" situation, the handling process includes:

[0124] The power grid showing "insufficient output" requests power transmission from the neighboring power grid with "excess output". The power obtained does not exceed the maximum transmission power between the power grids, and the electricity obtained does not exceed the net load of the "insufficient output" power grid and does not exceed the net surplus of the "excess output" power grid.

[0125] If the net load of the "insufficient output" power grid is still not satisfied, continue to request power from the local energy storage facility. The power obtained does not exceed the maximum operating power of the energy storage of the power grid, and the electricity obtained does not exceed the remaining amount of the unmet net load and does not exceed the total electricity stored in the energy storage facility.

[0126] If the net load of the "insufficient output" power grid is still not satisfied, request power from other flexible power sources, and the power obtained is equal to the remaining amount of the unmet net load at this time.

[0127] For the "excess output" situation, the handling process includes:

[0128] The power grid showing "excess output" transmits power to the power grid with "insufficient output". The power transmitted does not exceed the maximum transmission power between the power grids, and the electricity delivered does not exceed the net surplus of the "excess output" power grid and does not exceed the unmet net load of the "insufficient output" power grid.

[0129] If there is still excess in the "excess output" power grid, continue to store power in the local energy storage facility. The power stored does not exceed the maximum operating power of the energy storage of the power grid, and the electricity stored does not exceed the net surplus of the power grid and does not exceed the remaining storage capacity of the energy storage facility.

[0130] If there is still excess in the "excess output" power grid, the excess fluctuating power source electricity is cut, and the cut electricity is equal to the excess electricity at this time.

[0131] The following further elaborates on the specific implementation manners of the present invention. Taking the development of rooftop PV in China as an example, analyze the consumption situation of PV power after the full development of the rooftop PV potential in the pilot counties and cities in China.

[0132] Step 1: Obtain the ERA5 gridded meteorological data in the Chinese region, the typical load curves of the Chinese power grid, the areas where rooftop PV can be installed, and the potential installed capacity.

[0133] Step 2: According to the information in Step 1, calculate the hourly power generation of the fluctuating power sources under the multi-year average condition.

[0134] Step 3: Implement spatial statistics based on the spatial scope of the regional power grid, and calculate the output curves of the fluctuating power sources in the regional power grid, as Figure 2 shown;

[0135] Step 4: First, design the cross-regional power dispatching rules. According to the rules and the spatial relationship of the regional power grid, construct the spatial topology structure diagram of the regional power grid power transmission. Figure 3 The spatial relationship of the 6 major regional power grids in China is shown. The spatial transmission matrix can be expressed as:

[0136]

[0137] The value in the i-th row and j-th column represents the possibility of power transmission from grid i to grid j. 0 indicates no power transmission, and 1 indicates power transmission is possible. Then, combine the maximum power transmission capacity to construct the regional power grid power transmission constraint matrix. For example:

[0138]

[0139] The value in the i-th row and j-th column represents the maximum power transmission limit (unit: GW) from grid i to grid j.

[0140] Step 5: Establish a regional power dispatching model, compare the regional PV output curve and the regional power grid load curve (such as Figure 4 ), mark the situations of "insufficient output" and "excessive output", and perform power allocation according to the spatial topology structure diagram, the power transmission constraint matrix, and the power dispatching rules. Record the power flow direction of the fluctuating power sources and the power sources for meeting the load hour by hour.

[0141] Step 6: Output the power dispatching results, analyze the power consumption situation, and visualize the relevant spatial diagrams, such as Figure 5 showing the power consumption situation of the fluctuating power sources, including the statistics of rooftop PV power generation in the regional power grid, the statistics of the total power demand in the regional power grid, the ways to meet the load of the entire power grid, and the proportions of rooftop PV power consumed locally, consumed through energy storage, consumed through transmission, and curtailed.

[0142] Example 2:

[0143] Based on the method of Example 1, the present invention discloses a system for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology, as Figure 6 shown. The system includes:

[0144] A data acquisition module for collecting and obtaining regional grid-based meteorological data, power grid data, the locations and design capacities of fluctuating power stations;

[0145] A power dispatching module for establishing a regional power dispatching model and implementing power consumption analysis of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology;

[0146] A result visualization module for outputting the results of power consumption analysis and visualizing relevant spatial maps;

[0147] Among them, the power dispatching module includes:

[0148] A spatial calculation unit for matching grid-based meteorological data according to the location information of fluctuating power stations, calculating the hourly power generation of each fluctuating power source station by station, and obtaining the output curve of the fluctuating power sources of the regional power grid according to the spatial scope of the regional power grid;

[0149] A topology map construction unit for constructing an energy flow route map of power transmission between regional power grids according to the spatial proximity relationship of the regional power grid;

[0150] A rule construction unit for converting regional power dispatching rules into computer-recognizable constraint conditions and constructing a constraint matrix for power transmission of the regional power grid;

[0151] A power dispatching unit for implementing simulations according to the spatial topology relationship, the power transmission constraint matrix, and the power dispatching rules, and recording intermediate process information such as the flow direction of fluctuating power sources and the power sources satisfying the load hour by hour.

[0152] Embodiment 3

[0153] The present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it can run the above-mentioned system for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology and implement the method for analyzing the power consumption of fluctuating power sources considering spatial topology disclosed in Embodiment 1. The specific implementation manners and methods have been described in detail in Embodiments 1 and 2, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0154] Embodiment 4

[0155] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing multiple instructions that can be read and executed by a processor to perform the method in the first aspect. The specific implementation manners and methods have been described in detail in Embodiments 1 and 2, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0156] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own focuses. For parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0157] Other embodiments of the present invention will be readily contemplated by those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosed invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include known common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in this disclosure. The specification and examples are only to be considered exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are pointed out by the appended claims.

[0158] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the structures already described and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

[0159] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0160] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any formal limitations on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments by using the disclosed technical content without departing from the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology, characterized in that The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain regional grid-based meteorological data, regional power grid data, the locations and design capacity information of fluctuating power plants; Step 2: According to the grid-based meteorological data, the locations and design capacity information of fluctuating power plants, calculate the hourly power generation of fluctuating power plants under the multi-year average state for each station; Step 3: Implement spatial statistics based on the spatial scope of the regional power grid, and calculate the output curve of fluctuating power sources in the regional power grid; Step 4: Design cross-regional power dispatching rules. According to these rules and the spatial relationship of the regional power grid, construct a spatial topology structure diagram of power transmission in the regional power grid, and combine with the maximum power transmission capacity to construct a power transmission constraint matrix for the regional power grid; Step 5: Establish a regional power dispatching model. According to the spatial topology structure diagram, the power transmission constraint matrix and the power dispatching rules, conduct simulations, and record the flow direction of fluctuating power sources and the power sources satisfying the load hour by hour; Step 6: Output the power dispatching results, analyze the power consumption situation, and visualize relevant spatial diagrams.

2. The method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 1, wherein The regional grid-based meteorological data in Step 1 includes:

1. The hourly data of the total solar radiation on the ground, diffuse radiation on the ground, 2m air temperature, 10m wind speed, and ground albedo for nearly 20 years used for calculating solar photovoltaic power generation. Based on this, calculate the hourly time series of the multi-year average; 2. The hourly data of 100m wind speed, air temperature, air pressure, and ground roughness parameters for nearly 20 years used for calculating wind power generation. Based on this, calculate the hourly time series of the multi-year average.

3. The method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 1, wherein The regional power grid data in Step 1 includes:

1. The spatial scope of each regional power grid, the hourly load change curve, the flexibility of the regional power grid, the maximum operating power and storage capacity of the regional maximum energy storage, and the energy storage conversion efficiency; 2. The power transmission channels between regional power grids, the maximum power transmission capacity, and power transmission losses.

4. A method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-regional power dispatching rules in Step 4 include:

1. Regional power transmission only occurs between spatially adjacent power grids. A power grid does not act as a bridge to support power transmission between non-adjacent power grids; 2. Regional power transmission is implemented according to the power grid priority. The surplus power of a certain power grid is first transmitted to the power grid with a higher priority among its adjacent power grids; 3. The surplus power is only stored in the local energy storage facilities and is not stored remotely through power transmission. Similarly, the stored power also only supplies the local electricity demand; 4. Power dispatching satisfies the principles of energy conservation and power balance.

5. A method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regional power dispatching model in Step 5 includes: Classify grid units into four categories: base load power sources, fluctuating power sources, energy storage power sources, and flexible power sources; Calculate the net load curve of the power grid according to the grid flexibility, express the flexibility with the proportion of base load units in the grid, and the net load curve is calculated according to the following formula: wherein and represent the net load and the initial load at time t, respectively, represents the proportion of base load units in the power grid; Conduct power dispatching hour by hour according to the net load curve and the output curve of fluctuating power sources; Calculate the electricity consumption of fluctuating power sources used to satisfy all loads, the additional flexible power source electricity required, the electricity transmission volume between regional power grids, and the usage frequency of energy storage in each regional power grid; Calculate the amount of fluctuating power sources in each grid that are locally consumed, stored, transmitted, and curtailed hour by hour. Calculate the overall penetration rate and curtailment rate of fluctuating power sources in the grid according to the following formula: Among them, and represent the permeability and the curtailment rate respectively, and represent the amount of fluctuating power source electricity consumed and curtailed at time i respectively, represents the grid load, represents the fluctuating grid output.

6. The method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 5, wherein The process of the power dispatching is as follows: Starting from t = 1, compare the net load and the output of the fluctuating power source; If the net load is greater than the output of the fluctuating power source, record that all the output of the fluctuating power source is locally consumed, and assign a "power shortage" label; If the net load is equal to the output of the fluctuating power source, record that all the output of the fluctuating power source is locally consumed; If the net load is less than the output of the fluctuating power source, record that the amount of electricity consumed locally by the fluctuating power source is equal to the net load, and assign an "excess power" label; Starting from the power grid with the highest priority, handle the "power shortage" and "excess power" situations respectively; Continue to execute the above process for t = 2 until t = 8760, and the power dispatching ends.

7. A method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The processing process of the "power shortage" situation is as follows: The power grid showing "power shortage" requests power transmission from the neighboring power grid with "excess power". The power obtained does not exceed the maximum transmission power between the power grids, and the amount of electricity obtained does not exceed the net load of the "power shortage" power grid and does not exceed the net surplus of the "excess power" power grid; If the net load of the "power shortage" power grid is still not satisfied, continue to request power from the local energy storage facility. The power obtained does not exceed the maximum energy storage operation power of the power grid, and the amount of electricity obtained does not exceed the remaining amount of the unmet net load and does not exceed the total amount of electricity stored in the energy storage facility; If the net load of the "power shortage" power grid is still not satisfied, request power from the flexible power source, and the power obtained is equal to the remaining amount of the unmet net load at this time.

8. A method for analyzing the power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 6, characterized in that The processing process of the "excess power" situation is as follows: The power grid showing "excess power" transmits power to the power grid with "power shortage". The power transmitted does not exceed the maximum transmission power between the power grids, and the amount of electricity transmitted does not exceed the net surplus of the "excess power" power grid and does not exceed the unmet net load of the "power shortage" power grid; If there is still excess in the "excess power" power grid, continue to store power in the local energy storage facility. The power stored does not exceed the maximum energy storage operation power of the power grid, and the amount of electricity stored does not exceed the net surplus of the power grid and does not exceed the remaining storage capacity of the energy storage facility; If there is still excess in the "excess power" power grid, the excess fluctuating power source power is cut, and the amount of electricity cut is equal to the excess amount of electricity at this time.

9. A power consumption analysis system for a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology, which is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes: A data acquisition module, which is used to collect and obtain regional grid-based meteorological data, power grid data, the location and design capacity information of the fluctuating power source stations; A power dispatching module, which is used to establish a regional power dispatching model and implement the analysis of the consumption of the fluctuating power source considering the spatial topology; A result visualization module, which is used to output the results of the power consumption analysis and visualize the relevant spatial maps.

10. The analysis system for power consumption of a fluctuating power source considering spatial topology according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power dispatching module includes: A spatial calculation unit, which is used to match the grid-based meteorological data according to the location information of the fluctuating power source stations, calculate the hourly power generation of each fluctuating power source station by station, and obtain the output curve of the fluctuating power source of the regional power grid according to the spatial scope of the regional power grid; A topological graph construction unit, which is used to construct an energy flow route map for power transmission between regional power grids according to the spatial proximity relationship of the regional power grids; A rule construction unit, which is used to convert the regional power dispatching rules into computer-recognizable constraint conditions and construct a constraint matrix for power transmission of the regional power grid; The power dispatching unit is used to perform simulations according to the spatial topological relationship, the power transmission constraint matrix, and the power dispatching rules, and record the intermediate process information of the fluctuating power source flow direction and the power source for meeting the load power hour by hour.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, and the processor is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores multiple instructions, and the multiple instructions can be read and executed by the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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