A self-destructive device for the whole life cycle management of trees and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-destructive device for the whole life cycle management of trees and a preparation method thereof, which includes a hard and brittle culture container with high porosity, formed by mixing a high-carbon biomass substrate, clay, prefabricated expanded particles and water, and then subjecting the mixture to molding and heating. The surface of the container is coated with a waterproof coating. Ventilation holes and large holes for threading ropes are provided on the peripheral wall of the container, and the lower bottom is concave and provided with funnel-shaped ventilation holes. A three-dimensional well-shaped internal rope system is arranged inside the container. The present invention only uses three degradable components, namely the container, the rope system and the cloth bag, for dynamic combination to successively form a triple three-dimensional integrated regulation and management system for water, fertilizer, gas and temperature inside, outside and below the container, comprehensively solving the common problems in the management of trees from seedlings, large seedlings, transplantation to planting and post-planting management, greatly improving the efficiency and effect, achieving zero-energy full-automatic root temperature regulation, realizing rapid and continuous tree planting in harsh environments such as arid regions, and comprehensively enhancing the capacity of the windbreak and sand control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agriculture and forestry planting, and specifically relates to a self-destructive tree full life cycle management device and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, there are many tasks in the cultivation, transplantation and planting of tree seedlings. Currently, they are carried out separately. From the perspective of a single link, the cost and efficiency of each link are not high, and this is even more true from the overall perspective. The main links, difficulties and existing solutions are as follows:

[0003] Planting link: It is mainly divided into two categories: field cultivation and cultivation in cultivation containers. If field cultivation is adopted, the following problems will be faced:

[0004] 1) Water-saving problem. Drip irrigation is also difficult to penetrate deep into the ground;

[0005] 2) Problem of air permeability of the underground soil system. It is easy to rot the roots, and usually it is solved by manual soil loosening or manually inserting air pipes;

[0006] 3) It is difficult to form a reasonable root growth guiding system underground and difficult to form a reasonable root system mainly downward;

[0007] 4) Root cutting problem. Root cutting is a commonly used operation method to make the roots developed. At present, vertical or oblique root cutting can be realized, but horizontal root cutting underground requires special foreign equipment and can only be carried out on the seedbed, and at most it can penetrate 15 cm downward. There is a lack of low-cost and simple solutions for large seedlings in the field;

[0008] 5) Problem of adaptability of multiple varieties in a large field, that is, due to different requirements for soil quality, temperature, humidity, etc., only a limited number of varieties can be planted in one piece of land, which makes many problems difficult to solve, such as improvement of weakly saline-alkali land and limited output, and also makes it difficult to cultivate, transplant or plant some rare tree species elsewhere;

[0009] 6) Soil improvement problem (such as the use of chemical fertilizers, geological problems itself), soil hardening, and usually carbon-based fertilizers are an effective method;

[0010] 7) Low degree of mechanization.

[0011] If cultivation in cultivation containers is used, the following problems will be faced:

[0012] 1) The effect is far inferior to that of field cultivation, which is the biggest shortcoming because it cannot form the interaction of water, nutrients and gas with the ground;

[0013] 2) There is usually no three-dimensional drip infiltration system and air ventilation integration system inside the cultivation container;

[0014] 3) It is difficult to carry out mechanized operations and root cutting.

[0015] Transplantation stage: The problems usually faced in the transplantation stage are as follows:

[0016] 1) Currently, it is necessary to dig out the seedlings mainly by manual work, form a mud ball at the root, soak it in mud, and then wrap it with straw ropes, which is time-consuming and laborious;

[0017] 2) The workload is relatively large both when loading onto and unloading from the vehicle, and it is difficult to convert the transportation tools (for example, from a large vehicle to a small vehicle), and the "last mile" logistics operation is difficult;

[0018] 3) The seedlings are either placed horizontally (big seedlings) or vertically (medium and small seedlings) on the vehicle, but the transportation volume is limited and they are easily damaged. Because the mud ball is spherical, and the tree crown will also be damaged by extrusion;

[0019] 4) It is difficult to achieve long-distance or long-time transportation, and it is also very troublesome to carry out water replenishment operations during the journey.

[0020] Planting stage: The planting stage almost faces all the problems in the cultivation stage, especially:

[0021] 1) Drip irrigation is still difficult to penetrate deep into the ground;

[0022] 2) The problem of air permeability of the underground soil system. It is more difficult to loosen the soil deep into the ground after planting. To solve this problem, there are many solutions, such as inserting deep ventilation holes, but the operations are all not easy;

[0023] 3) It is difficult to further form a reasonable root growth guiding system underground, that is, to form an underground three-dimensional drip infiltration water system and air flow system again, and it is difficult for the seedlings to further form a reasonable root system mainly downward;

[0024] 4) The problem of soil improvement.

[0025] For the re-transplantation of container cultivation, there is also a dilemma during planting: If the cultivation container is not damaged, it will further limit the growth of the seedlings' roots; if the cultivation container is damaged, a lot of manual work will occur, and there will be problems of waste logistics that are difficult to degrade or treatment. Although many cultivation containers can be reused multiple times, the effect is not good, and at least the problem of reverse logistics will occur again.

[0026] In addition, soil temperature has a great impact on the growth of trees, especially the roots. Generally, it should not be too high, nor too low, and it is not suitable for large temperature difference fluctuations, which need to be adjusted. The current technologies mainly focus on: 1) Ridge cultivation; 2) Applying more organic fertilizers or dark fertilizers; 3) Irrigation and drainage; 4) Covering and shading; 5) Greenhouses, etc. The seedbed can also use the method of heating with a ground heating wire to increase the ground temperature.

[0027] However, there are obvious deficiencies as follows: 1) Most of these technologies are used for crops and are difficult to apply to trees, especially the adjustment deep underground is difficult to achieve; 2) All of these methods require observation and measurement at any time for operation, and all consume resources such as labor, materials, and energy. There is a lack of a fully automatic soil temperature adjustment technology that does not require observation and does not consume these resources.

[0028] Furthermore, many practical needs are difficult to achieve, such as rapid and continuous tree planting and greening in harsh environments such as arid regions. The reason is that the local environment lacks water, the soil is severely desertified, and the temperature difference is large. It is already difficult to have a crop harvest, and tree planting is even more of a luxury. Small seedlings are difficult to survive, large seedlings are difficult to transport remotely, and even if they are transported, they are difficult to survive after transplantation.

[0029] Looking further, the tree planting and protection on both sides of existing desert roads, especially the construction and maintenance of the wind prevention and sand control system, are highly valued, but the cost is too high, and technologies to comprehensively improve their efficiency and effectiveness are needed.

[0030] Therefore, to solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop a self-destructive tree full-life cycle management device and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0031] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-destructive tree full-life cycle management device in view of the deficiencies of the existing technology. The technical solution is as follows:

[0032] A self-destructive tree full-life cycle management device includes a brittle culture container with a high porosity. The peripheral wall of the culture container is provided with ventilation small holes and large holes for threading ropes. One side wall is provided with a root-cutting seam. The lower bottom has an inner concave part and funnel-shaped ventilation small holes. Inside, there is a three-dimensional well-shaped internal rope system. Around the periphery, there are concave edges with self-destruction grooves, and external rope systems are provided at the concave edges. The external rope systems are connected to strip-shaped cloth bags filled with water-retaining agents.

[0033] Furthermore, the culture container is made of a high-porosity brittle material formed by mixing high-carbon biomass base material, clay, pre-expanded particles, and water, and then molding and heating. The surface is coated with a degradable waterproof coating.

[0034] Furthermore, the upper opening of the culture container has a bottom and walls. Concave edges are provided at the peripheries to jointly form a hollow quadrangular prism structure. The upper opening and the lower bottom are both square, and the size of the upper opening is larger than that of the lower bottom.

[0035] Furthermore, the self-destruction grooves are provided on the inner side of the concave edges of the culture container, and the lower part is in a "W" shape, and the periphery is in a "ㄌ" shape.

[0036] Furthermore, the internal rope is made of a degradable material, passes through a large hole for passing the rope inside the culture container and passes back through another large hole for passing the rope. After being knotted, a regular shape is formed inside the culture container, which is in the shape of a "well" from a top view and a "twenty" shape from a horizontal view. Four ropes are arranged in the middle and can be combined and knotted after leaving the culture container vertically upward, and can be connected to the irrigation pipe.

[0037] Furthermore, the external rope is made of degradable material, is installed in the concave ridge and has a diameter greater than the width of the concave ridge. Slip knots are provided at the four corners of the upper opening of the culture container, and the four ropes pass through from bottom to top and can be combined and knotted after leaving the culture container, and can be connected to the irrigation pipe.

[0038] Furthermore, the strip-shaped cloth bag is made of degradable material and is connected to the four corners of the lower end of the culture container through an external rope. The lower end seal is curled upward from this end to form a curled part, and an upright part is left at the other end. The water-retaining agent is filled in it and sealed at the top. The outer edge of the curled part and the upright part are connected with water-soluble environmentally friendly glue.

[0039] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the self-destructive tree full life cycle management device, comprising the following steps:

[0040] 1) Design and manufacture an extrusion mold according to the shape of the culture container. The mold is divided into an inner and outer mold. The inner mold has horizontal and vertical grooves corresponding to the concave edges of the peripheral strips to form a "了"-shaped self-destruction groove. The lower peripheral strips have corresponding "W"-shaped grooves to form a corresponding self-destruction groove. The corresponding inner concave portion of the bottom has protrusions of appropriate number, shape, size, and position to extrude funnel-shaped ventilation holes and large holes for threading the rope, facilitating demolding.

[0041] The outer mold uses a "hinge" with a larger outer diameter to connect and buckle the peripheral wall template, which can directly form concave edges and facilitate demoulding;

[0042] 2) Mixing a high-carbon content powdered biomass substrate, clay, and bentonite prefabricated expanded pellets with water in a volume ratio of 8:6:1, stirring thoroughly, and using as the raw material for the culture container;

[0043] 3) The raw materials are placed in a mold for extrusion and demolding. The outer mold is first removed, and a special tool is used to open small holes for ventilation, large holes for threading ropes, and slits for cutting roots at designated locations on the wall of the culture container 1. The inner mold is then removed and the material is air-dried to form a blank.

[0044] 4) Place the blanks into the machine-made charcoal making equipment for heating. Multiple blanks can be placed at the same time for heating. Auxiliary brackets are used to form a nested state like disposable paper cups, without contact with each other, saving internal space and improving efficiency. After heating is completed, take the blanks out of the furnace for cooling;

[0045] 5) Uniformly apply a building - type degradable water - based waterproof coating to the inner and outer surfaces of the cultivation container, and it can be used after drying;

[0046] 6) Prepare internal and external rope ties, and use a variety of Chinese knotting methods for tying knots, including dead knots and slip knots, to form a designed three - dimensional spatial structure;

[0047] 7) Prepare a strip - shaped cloth bag, which is installed in cooperation with the cultivation container during subsequent use;

[0048] 8) Multiple cultivation containers can be sleeved and stored and transported like disposable paper cups again. The rope ties can play a protective role both inside and outside the cultivation container, preventing the cultivation container from being bruised.

[0049] Further, the heating process in step 4) is specifically as follows:

[0050] 401) Drying process: First, heat the cultivation container to 100 °C and maintain it for half an hour, then heat it to 180 °C and maintain it for 1 hour;

[0051] 402) Pyrolysis process: Heat the temperature to 280 °C and maintain it for 1 hour. At this time, the biomass material undergoes a pyrolysis reaction, the unstable components decompose to generate gas, forming fine pores. Part of the semi - fiber substances of the pre - expanded bentonite - based particles are also decomposed at the same time. The overall particles show a hollow but fiber - supported state, and the cultivation container material as a whole shows a porous structure with different sizes;

[0052] 403) Surface rapid carbonization process: Rapidly raise the temperature to 340 °C - 380 °C, with a duration of about 10 minutes. At this time, the outer surface of the cultivation container is significantly carbonized, and it can be cooled when carbon black appears on the surface;

[0053] 404) Heat preservation process: Lower the temperature to 300 °C and maintain it for 0.5 hour. When the smoke volume at the smoke outlet significantly decreases and becomes lighter, the fire can be extinguished and sealed. At this time, the biomass material is basically completely carbonized, and the unstable components are completely decomposed and form pores;

[0054] 405) Cooling and discharging process, with an unlimited duration.

[0055] Beneficial effects: The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1) The present invention can form an overall cultivation container only by the combined dynamics of three components: the cultivation container, internal and external rope ties, and strip - shaped cloth bags, and successively form a triple - dimensional integrated regulation and management system for water, fertilizer, gas, and temperature inside, outside, and below the cultivation container, comprehensively solving all problems from the seedling, large - seedling, transplanting, and planting of trees to the management after planting, including some bonsai and logistics problems, and realizing the full - life - cycle management;

[0057] 2) The technical solution of the present invention comprehensively reduces the costs of tree planting and management, including material, processing, planting, and logistics costs, can effectively save water, and especially can achieve fully automatic temperature regulation with zero energy consumption;

[0058] 3) The technical solution of the present invention comprehensively improves the planting efficiency and quality of trees, including increasing the degree of mechanization, realizing palletized logistics, being very easy to manage and operate, enhancing the adaptability of tree species in different regions, and achieving rapid and continuous tree planting in harsh environments such as arid, sandy, and saline-alkali areas, etc.;

[0059] 4) All materials of the present invention are easily available, degradable, and can improve the soil, with a wide range of applications, especially having broad application prospects in fields such as bonsai, wind prevention and sand control, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 is the internal rope-tie structural diagram of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 is the external rope-tie structural diagram of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 is the top view of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5 is the side structural diagram of the cultivation container of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 6 is the bottom view of the cultivation container of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 7 [[ID=�6]]is the structural diagram of the concave part on the bottom of the cultivation container of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 8 is the structural diagram of the strip-shaped cloth bag of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 9 is the working state structural diagram of the strip-shaped cloth bag of the present invention after absorbing water;

[0069] Figure 10 is the structural diagram of the concave rib and self-destruction groove of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0070] The following further clarifies the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0071] Such as Figure 1Specifically, the present invention comprises three components: a culture container, internal and external ropes, and a strip-shaped cloth bag. The culture container is a hollow cube-like structure with a bottom, similar to a cubic flowerpot. Each side has concave edges and a self-destruct groove. The top is square and slightly larger than the bottom, while the bottom is square around the perimeter but continuously bulges inward and upward, forming an inverted bowl-shaped concave portion. The surrounding walls and bottom are each equipped with a number of small ventilation holes and a large hole for string threading. The container is integrally molded, and the material is strong but brittle, with some breathability, similar to a soda cracker. The exterior is waterproof and shiny.

[0072] like Figure 7 and Figure 10 As shown, the ventilation holes at the bottom are funnel-shaped, and concave ridges are provided around the periphery of the culture container to increase strength and rationally arrange the external ropes. Each concave ridge is provided with one or more "了"-shaped self-destruction grooves on the inner side of the culture container, and the self-destruction grooves at the lower concave ridges are "W"-shaped. A root cutting slit of appropriate length is opened horizontally at a reasonable depth of 15 cm on one side, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown.

[0073] The rope system of the present invention is divided into two parts: an inner rope system and an outer rope system. Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the internal rope passes through the large rope holes on the bottom and the surrounding wall, and is knotted to form a "井" shape when viewed from above. When viewed from a horizontal perspective, the overall shape is "二十", and four vertical lines are set upward. After leaving the culture container, they can be merged and knotted. When working, the nodes can be connected to the irrigation pipe.

[0074] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the external rope system coincides with the edge of the culture container when viewed from any plane. The external rope system is installed at the concave edge, forming a "mouth" shape no matter from which direction, or adding a horizontal rope to form a "sun" shape. "Slip knots" are provided at the four corners of the upper opening of the culture container. The rope in the vertical upward direction is not knotted and can pass through the "slip knot", thereby leaving sufficient length on the outside, and the diameter of the external rope is set to be slightly larger than the width of the concave edge.

[0075] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the lower end of the strip cloth bag is sealed, and the bag is curled upward to form a curled portion, with a small upright portion left at the upper end, shaped like a "long-nosed toy whistle". An appropriate amount of water-retaining agent is placed in the upright portion and sealed, and the outer edge of the curled portion and the upright portion are connected with water-soluble environmentally friendly glue. When the culture container is planted, it is connected to the four corners below the external rope before being placed in the burrow, and then placed in a deep hole with a position and aperture that matches the position below the burrow.

[0076] The preparation method and process of the culture container and the internal and external rope systems of the present invention are as follows:

[0077] First, select a powdery biomass substrate with a high carbon content, i.e., the raw material of machine-made charcoal, clay, and prefabricated expanded particles of bentonite substrate, and mix them in a volume ratio of 8:6:1 with an appropriate amount of water, and stir well.

[0078] Put it into a mold and press it until it is compact. There are a small number of tiny horizontal and vertical shapes at appropriate positions on the four concave edges around the inner mold, and a small number of tiny "W" shapes at appropriate positions on the four concave edges below, so as to press self-destruction grooves of corresponding shapes inside the concave edges. There are protrusions with appropriate quantity, shape, size, and position below the inner mold, so as to press out several funnel-shaped air-permeable holes and large rope-passing holes below the culture container, and it is also convenient for demolding. The outer mold uses a thicker "hinge" to connect and fasten the peripheral wall templates, which can not only directly form concave edges but also facilitate demolding.

[0079] When demolding, first remove the outer mold, and use a special tool to punch holes in the four walls of the culture container. This tool is a plate with a shape and size corresponding to the outer side of the culture container. There are several thin-walled circular knives with appropriate aperture and spacing vertically on the plate for opening large rope-passing holes, and at the same time, there are a plurality of protrusions made of thick nails for opening air-permeable holes; then use a special tool to open a root-cutting slit with an appropriate length at a reasonable position on one side wall of the culture container; then remove the inner mold and air-dry it.

[0080] Then put it into a machine-made charcoal production device for heating. Multiple culture containers can be assisted by a bracket to form a socket state like disposable paper cups, but they do not touch each other to save internal space.

[0081] The specific heating process is as follows:

[0082] 1. Drying process: First, heat to about 100 °C and keep it for half an hour, then heat to about 180 °C and keep it for 1 hour;

[0083] 2. Pyrolysis process: Heat the temperature to about 280 °C and keep it for 1 hour. At this time, the biomass material (mainly wood material) undergoes a pyrolysis reaction, and the unstable components decompose to generate gas, forming fine pores. Some semi-fiber substances of the prefabricated expanded particles of bentonite substrate are also decomposed at the same time, and the whole particles show a hollow but fibrous-supported state. The material of the culture container as a whole shows a porous structure of different sizes;

[0084] 3. Surface rapid carbonization process: Rapidly raise the temperature to about 340 °C - 380 °C, and the duration is about 10 minutes. At this time, the outer surface is significantly carbonized, and when carbon black appears on the surface, the temperature can be lowered;

[0085] 4. Heat preservation process: Lower the temperature to about 300 °C and keep it for about 0.5 hour. When the smoke volume at the smoke outlet significantly decreases and becomes lighter, the fire can be extinguished and the fire can be sealed. At this time, the wood material is basically completely carbonized, and the unstable components are completely decomposed and form pores;

[0086] 5 Cooling and discharging process, with unlimited duration.

[0087] After that, it is necessary to evenly apply a degradable water-based waterproof coating for building on the inner and outer surfaces of the culture container and dry it; a variety of Chinese knotting methods including dead knots and live knots are comprehensively used. For any side and bottom of the culture container, the internal rope system needs to pass through the large rope-passing hole inside the culture container and return through another rope-passing hole.

[0088] In the state of loosening the rope system, multiple culture containers can be formed into a nested state like disposable paper cups again for storage and transportation. The rope system can play a protective role both inside and outside the culture container to prevent the culture container from being damaged.

[0089] The specific use and implementation process of the present invention is as follows:

[0090] First, dig a ditch in the field with a width and depth equivalent to that of the culture container, and place the soil on one side for later use, which also facilitates mechanical operation; place the culture containers one by one or at a reasonable interval in the ditch as needed, and the four ends of the external rope system are placed above the ground without being buried. Then, place the tree seedlings in the middle of the three-dimensional "well" - shaped structure formed by the internal rope system inside the culture container. After that, backfill the original soil inside the culture container and between the two culture containers respectively. When filling the soil, lift the upper four ends of the internal rope system to ensure the formation of an internal "well" - shaped three-dimensional rope system structure. At this time, as Figure 7 shown, the concave part at the bottom of the culture container and the bottom plane of the ditch automatically form a hollow structure together.

[0091] In the seedling cultivation stage, first water normally, and later use the water supply pipeline to carry out drip irrigation or water and fertilizer through the internal rope system. At this time, the upper four ends of the internal rope system can be tied together and connected to the water supply pipeline. Make a hole above the pipeline and put the knot in it, or wind a small stick around the knot so that it won't come out. The water and fertilizer in the water supply pipeline will flow along the internal rope system into the ground to supply water to the seedlings.

[0092] In the initial stage of seedling growth, the water and fertilizer supplemented at this time can be adjusted specifically according to the differences of different tree species, so as to realize mixed planting of multiple varieties; due to the existence of the breathable small holes around the culture container, it can form a full interaction of water, nutrients, gas and energy with the ground, and an integrated system of a reasonable three-dimensional water system, fertilizer system and gas system is automatically formed inside. The plant roots have the characteristics of growing towards water, fertilizer and gas, which can guide the roots to grow horizontally and downward, and the soil temperature can be automatically adjusted, thereby improving the cultivation efficiency and quality. Specifically:

[0093] 1 Water system: The water and fertilizer flowing down along the rope system will be relatively concentrated at the three-dimensional "well" - shaped structure inside the culture container, and this system just surrounds the roots and below.

[0094] 2. Fertilizer system: You can add water and fertilizer at the same time as adding water, that is, form a fertilizer system at the same time as the water system;

[0095] 3. Air system: Since there will be a natural gap between the rope and the ground, and drip irrigation can be done intermittently, the rope will naturally form an airway when there is no water. If necessary, you can use the shaking method to gently pull the internal rope, which will have a better ventilation effect. You can pull all four ends at the same time, or you can pull any end.

[0096] 4Soil temperature regulation system:

[0097] Normally, soil temperatures vary widely from top to bottom. The surface temperature is significantly affected by air temperature fluctuations, while the temperature deep within the soil is relatively stable, warm in winter and cool in summer. This is due to two factors: first, there are three modes of heat transfer: convection, conduction, and radiation. While convection is the most efficient, the other two modes predominate in soil, making the lower part of the soil less efficient in heating or cooling the upper part; second, soil has a low specific heat capacity, decreasing toward the upper part because it contains less water but more air, making it susceptible to temperature fluctuations.

[0098] A three-dimensional system integrating water and air is naturally formed inside the culture container of the present invention. The inner concave portion of the lower bottom of the culture container automatically forms a hollow structure with the groove bottom plane, and the ventilation holes above the inner concave portion are funnel-shaped. This structure can significantly increase the ventilation volume and speed, thereby forming a heat transfer method dominated by convection; at the same time, the specific heat capacity of the soil is increased due to the increase in water content inside the culture container. This structure automatically and continuously works and almost does not require temperature detection, thereby ensuring that the soil temperature in the culture container is relatively stable.

[0099] In addition, the outer surface of the culture container is a bright and smooth waterproof coating, and the internal material has a porous void structure, which can play a two-way heat preservation role, which is very beneficial to the stabilization of the regulated soil temperature inside the culture container.

[0100] By the middle stage of the seedling growth, the underground root system has basically developed and formed in both horizontal and vertical directions, and is closer to the position of the internal rope system, but further root cutting is needed to facilitate more complete root development.

[0101] At this time, the horizontal roots can be directly cut vertically downward on the ground with a shovel. The four points where the internal ropes are left on the surface can be used as a reference for the best root cutting position. Mainly cut the roots near the inner mouth of the "well" shape; and the vertically downward roots can lift the culture container out of the ground, or lift out part of it. The lifting method is very simple. Lift the four ends of the external ropes left on the ground with force. If the culture container is large, the simplest lever machine can be used for assistance, and then use a shovel to cut horizontally at the root cutting seam. Its position is slightly below the upper horizontal line of the "twenty" shape. It is very convenient to cut roots. Any cut should not damage the internal ropes. Put the culture container back after cutting.

[0102] By the late stage of seedling growth, the seedlings have grown into large or medium-sized seedlings, and transplantation is usually required at this time. At this time, the cultivation container is taken out of the ground again, the surface of the cultivation container is brushed with a little water-retaining agent, then wrapped with breathable kraft paper, and then loaded onto the vehicle. Since the cultivation container has a regular shape and a certain strength, and is assisted by external rope ties, it is very convenient for loading and unloading operations. Whether the seedlings are placed horizontally or vertically after loading, the loading capacity can be significantly increased, and the loading is stable, reducing the damage rate during transportation. Since the diameter of the external rope tie is slightly larger than the width of the concave edge, it can effectively prevent the cultivation containers from colliding with each other, thereby protecting the cultivation containers. Especially when the container has a regular shape and sufficient strength, it can be transported by pallet and forklift, and even long-distance multimodal transport can be achieved using a container. At this time, the external rope tie can fasten the cultivation container to the pallet, or fasten two cultivation containers together. At this time, the degree of mutual extrusion of the tree crowns is significantly reduced. Especially when using a container, it can effectively form protection, thus greatly improving the logistics efficiency, reducing costs, being stable, safe, and having good tree quality. In addition, due to the presence of the water-retaining agent, there is basically no need for water replenishment operations during transportation. Further, a container such as a mineral water bucket can be filled with water, and the four ends of the upper part of the internal rope tie are placed in it, so that automatic continuous drip infiltration water replenishment can be achieved during transportation without additional operations, thus meeting the requirements of longer logistics transportation.

[0103] At the planting stage, when the seedlings reach the destination, after getting off the vehicle, the upper end of the prefabricated strip-shaped cloth bag is connected to the four corners below the external rope tie, and then placed into a pre-dug underground pit with a shape and size that match. Four vertical holes with a shape and size equivalent to that when the strip-shaped cloth bag is fully inflated are provided at the corresponding positions of the four corners below the underground pit, and the strip-shaped cloth bag is just placed in them at this time.

[0104] Then, the cultivation container is damaged and self-destructed by lifting it twice: For the first lift, first use a small board to press the soil above the cultivation container, then lift the four ends of the internal rope tie left outside, and lift it forcefully. Due to the large resistance, a crowbar can be used to assist the operation if necessary. At this time, the peripheral wall and bottom plane structure of the cultivation container will be damaged, that is, it will break inward, which is beneficial for the subsequent roots to grow more conveniently in the horizontal and vertical directions. When lifting, if the structure is damaged, the feeling is very strong because the material is brittle. At this time, stop lifting and lower the rope.

[0105] The second lifting: Lift the end above the external rope system in a similar manner. At this time, the four side lines of the upper opening of the culture container should be pressed down. Since there are "slip knots" at these four corners, the overall external rope system below forms a "U" shape. However, the vertically upward rope can pass through the "slip knots" and move. In previous lifting and transportation operations, due to the concave edges provided around and the concave part at the bottom, the strength is significantly enhanced, and the overall load-bearing capacity is also approximately equal to one-fourth of the weight of the "culture container + seedlings". Therefore, it will not be damaged. But at this time, because the upper edge of the culture container is pressed down and then lifted with a winch rod, the concave edges are subjected to great force. At the same time, because there are self-destructing grooves in the shape of "L" or "W" on the inner side of the concave edges, deformation and fracture will occur here, thus destroying the frame structure of the culture container, which is more beneficial to reducing the resistance to root growth.

[0106] Then, like the internal rope system, combine and tie the four ends of the external rope system and connect them to the water replenishing pipeline. At this time, the internal rope system can continue to be used or no longer be used; finally, when watering, the water-soluble environmental protection glue in the strip-shaped cloth bag melts, the cloth bag naturally hangs down, the water-retaining agent absorbs water and swells, and the tightened cloth bag is in a rod shape in the vertical hole, continuously absorbing water, retaining water, slowly releasing water and working in a cycle.

[0107] In the post-planting stage, at this time, the most reasonable underground three-dimensional water system, air system, fertilizer system and temperature regulation integrated system is naturally formed around the tree, which can form a three-dimensional surrounding shape around the root system, and play a two-stage guiding role deep below the root system, enabling the root system to grow in the most reasonable way.

[0108] In the first stage, the water, fertilizer and air systems mainly composed of the external rope system (which can also include the internal rope system) are completed, because at this time, a larger three-dimensional surrounding shape is formed around and below the root system;

[0109] In the second stage, the strip-shaped cloth bag below, because it is connected to the external rope system, can receive water and fertilizer. Due to the presence of the water-retaining agent, continuous small amounts of water replenishment can be achieved, and its position is around and below the root system and the rope system and is more deeply vertically downward, continuing to guide the root system to grow downward.

[0110] The integrated management system at this time is as follows:

[0111] 1. Water system: Three components work together: the drip irrigation of the external rope system deep into the ground, the strip-shaped cloth bag below absorbs water and continuously replenishes small amounts of water, and the broken fragments of the culture container are like vermiculite with a porous structure, scattered around and below the root system, so that water can be absorbed and retained;

[0112] 2. Air system: At the same time as the water system, a three-dimensional underground air system with the same shape is formed. Spaces are also naturally formed between the broken fragments of the culture container, and the rope system can also be pulled by shaking in the same way, thus enhancing the ventilation performance;

[0113] There are two principles for the 3-fertilizer system. First, water and fertilizer supplementation can be easily achieved, penetrate deep underground, and be persistent, which is the same as the principle of the water system. Second, after the cultivation container is damaged, the fragments are biomass materials with a high carbon content, so they will degrade and naturally form high-quality carbon-based fertilizers. This is an effective means to improve the soil, especially to deal with soil compaction. Moreover, the part left after heating the pre-expanded pellets of the bentonite substrate contains minerals. The mixture of bentonite and fertilizer can fix ammonia and act as a buffer for fertilizers, which is more conducive to improving the soil and plant growth.

[0114] 4 Soil temperature regulation system. Although the concave part at the bottom of the original cultivation container is damaged, the space between and inside the cultivation container fragments is still large, and the water and gas systems formed by the external rope ties are also larger. There must be gaps between the strip-shaped cloth bag below and the vertical holes and they go deeper underground, thus effectively increasing the ability of convective heat transfer. The overall water content of the original cultivation container part can be larger. Due to the water-retaining agent in the strip-shaped cloth bag deep below, it will be in a water state for a longer time, thereby increasing the soil specific heat capacity.

[0115] In the above process, an integrated and continuous whole-process management of water, fertilizer, gas, and temperature from the seedling stage to the post-planting management of trees has been achieved, thus realizing the whole-life cycle management.

[0116] The following takes specific embodiments to make a more detailed description of the present invention.

[0117] Embodiment 1: Transplanting

[0118] Tree species: Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan', a national excellent tree species for landscaping, which can play an important role in many fields such as landscaping, ecological construction, and beach afforestation. Due to its ecological characteristics such as beautiful crown, long green period, water tolerance, and salt tolerance, it has been widely used in the greening of beach wetlands, ecological parks, urban green spaces, etc., and also shows its greening functions in aspects such as green walls, clipped views, and background trees. This tree species is suitable for planting in places with relatively flat terrain, smooth drainage, and deep soil layers. The soil quality is preferably sandy loam, with high requirements for ventilation, and often has "aerial roots" on the ground.

[0119] Raw materials for making the cultivation container: The biomass substrate selects the raw materials of mechanism charcoal, mainly selects fine particle sawdust and rice husks, the clay selects river mud, the pre-expanded pellets are semi-fiber substances of the bentonite substrate, with a shape of small cylinders and a pre-expanded semi-fiber shape inside, a diameter of 2 - 3 mm, and a length of 3 - 7 mm, which can be purchased at a certain online direct-sale brand store. The rope ties select cotton ropes and the external rope ties are slightly thicker. The building biodegradable water-based waterproof coating selects polyurethane waterproof coating.

[0120] Shape and size of the cultivation container: Both the upper and lower parts are square, with a trapezoidal horizontal view. The outer diameter of the upper mouth is 40 cm for easy adaptation to the tray, the outer diameter of the lower end is 35 cm, the height is 40 cm, and the wall thickness is 1 cm.

[0121] Strip-shaped cloth bag: 40 cm in length, 5 cm in width, with a diameter of about 3 cm after inflation.

[0122] Processing equipment and method: Small-scale equipment for mechanism charcoal of a certain machinery manufacturing company, excluding the rod-making machine. The processing method has been described above.

[0123] Seedling base: A certain nursery company in Nanjing

[0124] Growth situation: 2.5 years old, about 2 meters in height.

[0125] Transplanting site: Along a roadside in northern Jiangsu.

[0126] Effects: 1. The overall cost is reduced; 2. The growth rate is fast; 3. No aerial roots appear.

[0127] Example 2: Without transplanting

[0128] Not transplanting mainly means directly planting trees in the original place. During implementation, when the root system grows to an appropriate size (for example, when the root hairs just extend out of the cultivation container), take out the cultivation container and connect the strip-shaped cloth bag, then make holes at the four corners below, and then put the cultivation container and the cloth bag back and destroy the cultivation container. The quality of the overall tree growth is improved and the cost is reduced.

[0129] Example 3: As a placed landscape

[0130] There are two situations that are particularly needed and very common:

[0131] First, in many occasions, landscape plants are required, not limited to trees, but not suitable for soil cultivation. Especially in indoor occasions, large ceramic cultivation containers are mostly used for cultivation, but the cost is high, the management is time-consuming and laborious, it is troublesome to replenish water and fertilizer, it is also difficult to form an internal three-dimensional drip irrigation system in the soil, and there is also a lack of a three-dimensional ventilation system. It is particularly prone to problems such as soil compaction, root rot, and death.

[0132] Second, many landscapes are a one-time demand and do not need to exist for too long, but it is not suitable if the time is too short or the effect is not good.

[0133] In these two cases, the outer rope tie and the strip cloth bag are removed, the ventilation holes around the cultivation container are removed or changed to very small holes, and other designs such as the inner rope tie remain basically unchanged. The shape of the cultivation container can also be changed to other shapes. A waterproof coating with higher strength is selected and the coating thickness is increased. The color of the coating can be flexibly configured and different patterns or texts can be formed as needed. This can solve all the above problems, with good effects and low costs, and many creative ideas, advertisements or slogans can be formed. In particular, pallet transportation and loading / unloading can be achieved, the site layout can be quickly carried out, the placement time can be long or short, the advertisements and slogans can be changed at any time, the waste is environmentally friendly, and it can also be transplanted into the ground again. At this time, the outer rope tie and the strip cloth bag can be installed, and it can be placed, planted, rented or sold, which is very convenient.

[0134] Example 4: Rapid and continuous tree planting in harsh environments such as arid regions

[0135] As previously described, there is a great demand for this situation, but it is difficult to achieve with existing technologies. The main reason is that it is difficult to achieve the whole life cycle management of trees from seedlings, large seedlings, transplantation to planting and after planting, and there is no three-dimensional integrated regulation and management system for water, fertilizer, air and temperature adapted to different growth stages of trees. In particular, during the process of transplanting seedlings, long-distance transportation cannot be achieved while ensuring the quality of the seedlings, and there are no effective means to ensure the survival rate during planting.

[0136] In this embodiment, seedlings are first grown in China and quickly transplanted to the required place when needed while ensuring the survival rate (or they can also be directly planted locally). The whole process of the present invention is very water-saving, and the overall small environment inside the container is very good. In particular, the temperature can be automatically regulated. During the transplanting process, the overall shape of the container is regular and stable, and it is protected by an external rope tie. Pallets and forklifts can be used for operation, and it is easy to fasten it on the pallet and fasten two by two, and it is very easy to achieve container transportation, and then achieve multimodal transport and international logistics such as by car, train, ship, and plane. During the transportation process, a water-retaining agent is used to retain water. In particular, the inner rope tie can be reused to connect containers such as mineral water buckets, and long-term automatic continuous drip irrigation can be achieved without manual intervention (usually the container cannot be opened during the journey after being sealed, so manual water replenishment operation is impossible). The present invention solves the biggest problem in logistics, and the container only needs to be moderately ventilated and transparent. The arrival logistics can still be achieved simply, efficiently and at low cost. In particular, it can be sent to the fields by pallet and forklift, solving the "last mile" logistics problem.

[0137] During planting, the subsequent integrated regulation and management system for three-dimensional water, fertilizer, air, and temperature will come into play. In particular, in this case, it is very easy to guide the roots to grow deep downward because the depth of the downward guiding system is: the height of the container itself + the length of the strip-shaped cloth bag. There is continuous drip infiltration and slow-release water (fertilizer) supply at this depth, which is equivalent to "special water for special use". The most important reason why trees are difficult to survive in many areas is insufficient root depth and lack of water above. However, if the roots are deep enough, they can absorb groundwater. Therefore, either a large amount of water needs to be continuously used, which is very difficult, or the tree roots will dry up before they grow deep enough. In particular, the existing water supply methods are mainly from top to bottom, which is not conducive to guiding the roots to grow downward, making it very difficult to solve this problem. In addition, the temperature difference in these areas is usually too large, which is also a big trouble. The present invention exactly solves these problems comprehensively.

[0138] Furthermore, if other harsh environments occur alone or in combination, such as salinity, sand and dust, etc., which is very common, the present invention can also cope with them simultaneously. Because the water system and fertilizer system are perfect, the small acid-base environment can be adjusted, and the guiding method of the roots growing deep downward is very effective in dealing with sand and dust. The present invention has significantly surpassed the prior art.

[0139] Example 5: Strengthen the ability of the wind prevention and sand control system and significantly improve its efficiency and effect

[0140] If used flexibly, it will comprehensively improve its efficiency and effect in many fields or scenarios. For example, tree planting and protection on both sides of desert roads. In particular, it can be used for sand control or building a windbreak forest system. At this time, several additional ropes can be added at the upper mouth, lower bottom or middle position of the cultivation container during planting to connect many cultivation containers (including plants) in pairs to form a "chain of trees". With a little construction on the ground surface, it can be achieved that there is a spacing (plant spacing) between many cultivation containers, but they are connected interactively underground or on the ground surface through multiple ropes to form a grid, thus connecting them into a whole. For example, dig out a "field" - shaped ditch, with the containers at the points, and the additional rope systems on the lines and can be arranged three-dimensionally, thus forming an obvious large-scale above-ground and underground three-dimensional network, which can be used in combination with the existing sand control technologies. In particular, it complements the basically mature grid-shaped grass planting technology. This technology is also a network structure, but mainly on the surface and the grid is smaller. In this way, a "field within a field" structure can be further formed. At this time, each container (including the tree and the underground strip-shaped cloth bag system) forms multiple fastening piles of the overall system structure. The piles are deep into the ground and are interconnected, and the overall wind and sand resistance ability is significantly enhanced. The additional rope systems can also supply water (fertilizer) to the whole system, improving the efficiency and effect of the overall system. During specific implementation, the self-destruction operation of the container can be appropriately delayed, and the others remain unchanged to ensure the overall effect.

[0141] The above specific embodiments are only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and are not used to limit the implementation and scope of the claims of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the present invention patent application.

Claims

1. A self-destructive device for the whole life cycle management of trees, characterized in that: It includes a hard and brittle culture container (1) with a high porosity. The peripheral wall of the culture container (1) is provided with air-permeable small holes (11) and large rope-passing holes (12). One side wall is provided with a root-cutting seam (13). The lower bottom has a concave portion (14) and funnel-shaped air-permeable small holes (111). Inside, there is a three-dimensional well-shaped internal rope system (21). Around the periphery, there are concave ridges (15) with self-destruction grooves (151). External rope systems (22) are provided at the concave ridges (15). The external rope systems (22) are connected to strip-shaped cloth bags (3) filled with water-retaining agents; The described culture container (1) is made of a high-porosity hard and brittle material formed by mixing a high-carbon biomass substrate, clay, prefabricated expanded particles, and water, and then molding and heating under pressure. The surface is coated with a degradable waterproof coating; The described self-destruction groove (151) is arranged on the inner side of the concave ridge (15) of the culture container, and the lower part is in a "W" shape, and the periphery is in a "liao" shape; The described internal rope system (21) is made of a degradable material. It passes through the large rope-passing hole (12) from the inside of the culture container (1) and then passes back through another large rope-passing hole (12). After tying a knot, it forms a regular-shaped body that looks like a "well" shape when viewed from above and a "nian" shape when viewed from a horizontal perspective inside the culture container (1). And there are four rope bodies in the middle that vertically leave the culture container (1) and can be combined and tied, and can be connected to an irrigation pipeline; The described external rope system (22) is made of a degradable material. It is correspondingly installed inside the concave ridge (15) and has a diameter larger than the width of the concave ridge (15). At the four corners of the upper opening of the culture container (1), there are slip knots (221). And there are four rope bodies that pass through and leave the culture container (1) from bottom to top and can also be combined and tied, and can be connected to an irrigation pipeline.

2. The self-destructive device for the whole life cycle management of trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described culture container (1) has an opening at the top, a bottom, and walls. Concave ridges (15) are provided at each periphery to jointly form a hollow quadrangular prism structure. The upper opening and the lower bottom are both square, and the size of the upper opening is larger than that of the lower bottom.

3. The self-destructive tree full life cycle management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described strip-shaped cloth bag (3) is made of a degradable material. It is connected through the external rope system (22) and is arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the culture container (1). The lower end is sealed and curled upward from this end to form a curled portion (31). The other end has an upright portion (32). It is filled with a water-retaining agent and sealed at the top. The outer edge of the curled portion (31) and the upright portion (32) are connected with a water-soluble environmental protection glue.

4. A preparation method of the self-destructive tree whole life cycle management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: 1) Design and manufacture a corresponding extrusion molding die according to the shape of the culture container (1). The die is divided into an inner die and an outer die. Among them: at the corresponding positions of the 4 concave ridges on the periphery of the inner die, there are horizontal and vertical shape grooves to form a "liao" - shaped self-destruction groove. At the 4 concave ridges on the lower periphery, there are corresponding "W" - shaped grooves to form corresponding self-destruction grooves. At the corresponding position of the inner concave portion (14) at the lower bottom, there are protrusions with appropriate quantity, shape, size, and position to press out funnel-shaped air-permeable small holes (111) and large rope-passing holes (12) to facilitate demolding; The outer die uses an "hinge" with a larger outer diameter to connect and fasten the peripheral wall templates, which can directly form concave ridges and is convenient for opening and demolding; 2) Mix the prefabricated expanded particles of a high-carbon powdered biomass substrate, clay, and bentonite substrate in a volume ratio of 8:6:1 and water, and fully stir them as the raw material of the culture container (1); 3) Put the raw materials into a mold for extrusion molding and demolding. First, remove the outer mold, and use a special tool to open air holes (11), large rope holes (12), and root cutting slits (13) at set positions on the peripheral wall of the culture container (1). Then, remove the inner mold and air-dry to form a blank; 4) Put the blanks into a machine-made charcoal production device for heating. Multiple blanks can be heated simultaneously. Use auxiliary brackets to form a socket state like a disposable paper cup, without contacting each other, saving internal space and improving efficiency. After heating, take them out of the furnace for cooling; 5) Uniformly coat the inner and outer surfaces of the culture container (1) with a building-type degradable water-based waterproof coating and let it dry; 6) Prepare an internal rope system (21) and an external rope system (22), and use a variety of Chinese rope knot methods for tying knots, including dead knots and live knots, to form a designed three-dimensional spatial structure; 7) Prepare a strip-shaped cloth bag (3) and install it in cooperation with the culture container (1) during subsequent use; 8) Multiple culture containers (1) can form a socket state like a disposable paper cup again for storage and transportation. The rope system can play a protective role both inside and outside the culture container, preventing the culture container (1) from being damaged; 5. The preparation method of a self-destructive tree whole life cycle management device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating process in step 4) is specifically as follows: 401) Drying process: First, heat the culture container (1) to 100°C and hold for half an hour, then heat to 180°C and hold for 1 hour; 402) Pyrolysis process: Heat the temperature to 280°C and hold for 1 hour. At this time, the biomass material undergoes a pyrolysis reaction, and the unstable components decompose to generate gas, forming fine pores. Some of the semi-fiber substances of the pre-expanded particles of the bentonite base material are also decomposed at the same time. The overall particles are hollow but have a certain fiber support structure, and the material of the culture container (1) as a whole shows a porous structure of different sizes; 403) Surface rapid carbonization process: Rapidly raise the temperature to 340°C - 380°C for about 10 minutes. At this time, the outer surface of the culture container (1) is significantly carbonized, and when carbon black appears on the surface, the temperature can be lowered; 404) Heat preservation process: Lower the temperature to 300°C and hold for 0.5 hour. When the smoke volume at the smoke outlet significantly decreases and becomes lighter, the fire can be extinguished and sealed. At this time, the biomass material is basically completely carbonized, and the unstable components are completely decomposed and form pores; 405) Cooling and taking out of the furnace process: The time limit is not limited.

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