A method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters, comprising: determining a to-be-monitored area and obtaining soil samples, analyzing and obtaining soil physical parameters, wherein the soil physical parameters include particle size distribution, porosity, soil density, and water content; constructing a monitoring station in the to-be-monitored area, obtaining environmental parameters in real time through the monitoring station, and determining whether there is flow based on environmental parameters and soil physical parameters; selecting whether to perform mudflow data monitoring according to the determination result, and if so, performing mudflow data monitoring to obtain mudflow data; predicting loess mudflow disasters based on mudflow data and environmental parameters; constructing a loess mudflow disaster determination system, and issuing early warning information based on the predicted results and the loess mudflow disaster determination system, so as to realize the monitoring of shallow loess mudflow disasters. The present invention can effectively monitor shallow loess mudflow disasters, warn of potential risks in advance, and reduce the losses caused by disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of loess mudflow monitoring, and in particular relates to a method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters. Background Art

[0002] Debris flow, like wind and sand, water flow, glacier, etc., is a natural process of surface material migration, with characteristics of suddenness, fast flow rate, large flow, strong destructive power, etc., and its formation conditions include steep terrain, abundant solid loose materials and abundant precipitation. The distribution of debris flow is controlled by topography, geology and precipitation, and is mainly concentrated on both sides of river valleys with large faults and deep faults. Debris flow is also relatively developed in weak rock systems such as slate, schist, gneiss, mudstone, coal series and Quaternary deposits.

[0003] Mudflows are mainly composed of clay and silt, with very little gravel and pebble. The soil in the loess region is mainly silt, without stratification, with developed vertical joints, low erosion resistance, loose soil and high calcium carbonate content. It is easy to collapse when exposed to water and most loess is collapsible, which provides sufficient conditions for the development of mudflows in the loess region. Due to the high-speed flow and strong erosion of loess mudflows, debris flows often have a large diffusion range. It can quickly submerge and destroy buildings and facilities such as houses, farmlands and roads along the way. It poses a potential threat to human settlements, farmlands and transportation routes. Loess mudflows not only directly endanger people's lives and property, but also aggravate soil erosion and ecological environment deterioration. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the early warning and prevention of mudflows. A method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters, comprising:

[0006] Determine the area to be monitored and obtain soil samples, and analyze and obtain soil physical parameters, wherein the soil physical parameters include particle size distribution, porosity, soil density, and water content;

[0007] Building a monitoring station in the area to be monitored, obtaining environmental parameters in real time through the monitoring station, and determining whether there is flow based on the environmental parameters and the soil physical parameters;

[0008] According to the determination result, whether to conduct mudflow data monitoring is selected. If yes, conduct mudflow data monitoring to obtain mudflow data;

[0009] Predicting loess mudflow disasters based on the mudflow data and the environmental parameters;

[0010] A loess mudflow disaster determination system is constructed, and early warning information is issued based on the prediction results and the loess mudflow disaster determination system to realize the monitoring of shallow loess mudflow disasters.

[0011] Optionally, the process of determining the area to be monitored includes: obtaining historical geological, meteorological, hydrological data and historical disaster data of the range to be monitored and conducting a comprehensive analysis, and selecting areas prone to loess mudflow disasters and potential danger areas as the areas to be monitored.

[0012] Optionally, the process of obtaining a soil sample includes:

[0013] Obtain the human activities and vegetation coverage in the area to be monitored, combine historical geological, meteorological and hydrological data to obtain the spatial variability of the soil, confirm the grid size based on the spatial variability of the soil, divide the monitored area into large grids according to the obtained grid size, and collect soil samples at the intersection of the grids.

[0014] Optionally, the monitoring station is provided with a rain gauge, a groundwater level monitor, a mud flow meter, and a mud flow specific gravity meter.

[0015] Optionally, the environmental parameters include rainfall, rainfall distribution, groundwater level change, surface displacement change, and river water level; rainfall and groundwater level change are directly obtained through monitoring stations; the surface displacement change is obtained through ground measurement technology; rainfall data is aggregated, interpolation method is used to fill the data, and rainfall distribution is analyzed;

[0016] Optionally, the process of determining whether flow exists includes:

[0017] A mudflow simulation experiment is carried out using the soil sample to establish a correlation between the soil physical parameters and the environmental parameters, and obtain the critical values ​​of the environmental parameters that cause mudflow. The upper and lower fluctuation ranges of the critical values ​​of the environmental parameters are determined by considering the geological information, topographic information and vegetation coverage information of the area to be monitored, and the presence of flow is judged based on the environmental parameters and the upper and lower fluctuation ranges.

[0018] Optionally, obtaining and establishing a correlation relationship between mudflow data and environmental parameters based on historical data of loess mudflow in the range to be monitored;

[0019] When there is flow, mud flow data monitoring is performed, wherein the loess mud flow flow rate and the mud ratio of the loess mud flow are obtained respectively by the mud flow flow meter and the mud flow specific gravity meter in the monitoring station, and the mud flow velocity is obtained by calculation;

[0020] Predicting mudflow impulse and maximum impact force of mudflow based on correlation relationship and real-time environmental parameters, wherein mudflow impulse and maximum impact force of mudflow are calculated based on mudflow velocity and mudflow flow rate;

[0021] The mudflow impulse and maximum impact force are compared with the preset thresholds, and combined with the rainfall to determine whether there is a risk of loess mudflow disaster. The preset thresholds are determined based on geological conditions, topographic conditions, and soil physics parameters.

[0022] Optionally, the mud flow velocity is calculated based on the roughness of the viscous mud flow ditch bed, the initial value of the mud level before the mud flow starts, the mud level height of the mud flow, and the hydraulic gradient of the mud flow.

[0023] Optionally, the dynamic pressure, impact force and rush height of the mudflow are calculated based on the mudflow velocity; and the maximum impact force of the debris flow is calculated based on the dynamic pressure, the impact force and the rush height.

[0024] Optionally, the loess mudflow disaster assessment system divides danger levels according to the impact of mudflow impulse and maximum impact force on infrastructure, buildings, and human activities, and issues warnings based on the danger levels.

[0025] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention obtains soil physical parameters by selecting an area to be monitored and analyzing soil samples in the area; obtains environmental parameters through real-time monitoring, and uses the environmental parameters and soil physical parameters to make a preliminary judgment on the mudflow flow. After the judgment is passed, mudflow data is collected, and the impact of the mudflow is further analyzed based on the environmental data and countercurrent data obtained in real time. Danger levels are divided according to the values ​​obtained from the analysis and the impact of the mudflow on infrastructure, buildings and human activities, which helps to evacuate personnel and provide strong protection for the safety of personnel and property. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method flow in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters, including:

[0033] Determine the area to be monitored and obtain soil samples, and analyze and obtain soil physical parameters, wherein the soil physical parameters include particle size distribution, porosity, soil density, and water content;

[0034] In some embodiments, the process of determining the area to be monitored includes: obtaining historical geological, meteorological, hydrological data and historical disaster data of the range to be monitored and conducting a comprehensive analysis, and selecting areas prone to loess mudslide disasters and potential danger areas as the area to be monitored.

[0035] In some embodiments, the process of obtaining a soil sample comprises:

[0036] Obtain the human activities and vegetation coverage in the area to be monitored, combine historical geological, meteorological and hydrological data to obtain the spatial variability of the soil, confirm the grid size based on the spatial variability of the soil, divide the monitored area into large grids according to the obtained grid size, and collect soil samples at the intersection of the grids.

[0037] Building a monitoring station in the area to be monitored, obtaining environmental parameters in real time through the monitoring station, and determining whether there is flow based on the environmental parameters and the soil physical parameters;

[0038] In some embodiments, the monitoring station is provided with a rain gauge, a groundwater level monitor, a mud flow meter, and a mud flow density meter.

[0039] In some embodiments, the environmental parameters include rainfall, rainfall distribution, groundwater level change, surface displacement change, and river water level; rainfall and groundwater level change are directly obtained through monitoring stations; the surface displacement change is obtained through ground measurement technology; rainfall data is aggregated, interpolation method is used to fill the data, and rainfall distribution is analyzed;

[0040] In some embodiments, the process of determining whether flow exists includes:

[0041] A mudflow simulation experiment is carried out using the soil sample to establish a correlation between the soil physical parameters and the environmental parameters, and obtain the critical values ​​of the environmental parameters that cause mudflow. The upper and lower fluctuation ranges of the critical values ​​of the environmental parameters are determined by considering the geological information, topographic information and vegetation coverage information of the area to be monitored, and the presence of flow is judged based on the environmental parameters and the upper and lower fluctuation ranges.

[0042] According to the determination result, whether to conduct mudflow data monitoring is selected. If yes, conduct mudflow data monitoring to obtain mudflow data;

[0043] Predicting loess mudflow disasters based on the mudflow data and the environmental parameters;

[0044] In some embodiments, a correlation relationship between mudflow data and environmental parameters is obtained and established based on historical data of loess mudflow in the range to be monitored;

[0045] When there is flow, mud flow data monitoring is performed, wherein the loess mud flow flow rate and the mud ratio of the loess mud flow are obtained respectively by the mud flow flow meter and the mud flow specific gravity meter in the monitoring station, and the mud flow velocity is obtained by calculation;

[0046] Predicting mudflow impulse and maximum impact force of mudflow based on correlation relationship and real-time environmental parameters, wherein mudflow impulse and maximum impact force of mudflow are calculated based on mudflow velocity and mudflow flow rate;

[0047] The mudflow impulse and maximum impact force are compared with the preset thresholds, and combined with the rainfall to determine whether there is a risk of loess mudflow disaster. The preset thresholds are determined based on geological conditions, topographic conditions, and soil physics parameters.

[0048] In some embodiments, the mud flow velocity is calculated based on the roughness of the viscous mud flow ditch bed, the initial value of the mud level before the mud flow starts, the mud level height of the mud flow, and the hydraulic gradient of the mud flow.

[0049] In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure, impact force and rush height of the mudflow are calculated based on the mudflow velocity; and the maximum impact force of the debris flow is calculated based on the dynamic pressure, the impact force and the rush height.

[0050] A loess mudflow disaster determination system is constructed, and early warning information is issued based on the prediction results and the loess mudflow disaster determination system to realize the monitoring of shallow loess mudflow disasters.

[0051] In some embodiments, the loess mudflow disaster determination system divides the danger level according to the impact of mudflow impulse and maximum impact force on infrastructure, buildings, and human activities, and issues warnings according to the danger level. Buildings are physical structures created by humans in the environment for various activities such as living, working, and entertainment. The design and layout of buildings have an impact on the surrounding natural and man-made environment, and the buildings themselves are also affected by environmental factors. Infrastructure includes various basic facilities and services such as transportation, energy, water conservancy, and communications, which support the normal operation of social and economic activities. The construction and operation of infrastructure also affect the surrounding environment and cultural landscape to a certain extent.

[0052] The present invention obtains soil physical parameters by selecting an area to be monitored and analyzing soil samples in the area; obtains environmental parameters through real-time monitoring, and uses the environmental parameters and soil physical parameters to make a preliminary judgment on the mudflow flow. After the judgment is passed, mudflow data is collected, and the impact of the mudflow is further analyzed based on the environmental data and countercurrent data obtained in real time. Danger levels are divided according to the values ​​obtained from the analysis and the impact of the mudflow on infrastructure, buildings and human activities, which helps to evacuate personnel and provide strong protection for the safety of personnel and property.

[0053] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disasters, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the area to be monitored and obtain soil samples, and analyze and obtain soil physical parameters, wherein the soil physical parameters include particle size distribution, porosity, soil density, and water content; Building a monitoring station in the area to be monitored, obtaining environmental parameters in real time through the monitoring station, and determining whether there is flow based on the environmental parameters and the soil physical parameters; According to the determination result, whether to conduct mudflow data monitoring is selected. If yes, conduct mudflow data monitoring to obtain mudflow data; Predicting loess mudflow disasters based on the mudflow data and the environmental parameters; Constructing a loess mudflow disaster determination system, issuing early warning information based on the prediction results and the loess mudflow disaster determination system, and realizing the monitoring of shallow loess mudflow disasters; The process of determining the area to be monitored includes: obtaining historical geological, meteorological, hydrological data and historical disaster data of the area to be monitored and conducting a comprehensive analysis, and selecting loess mudflow disaster-prone areas and potential hazard areas as the area to be monitored; The process of obtaining a soil sample involves: Obtain the human activities and vegetation coverage of the area to be monitored, combine historical geological, meteorological and hydrological data to obtain the spatial variability of the soil, determine the grid size based on the spatial variability of the soil, divide the area to be monitored into large grids according to the obtained grid size, and collect soil samples at the intersection of the grids as sampling points; The monitoring station is provided with a rain gauge, a groundwater level monitor, a mud flow meter, and a mud flow specific gravity meter; The process of determining whether flow exists includes: A mudflow simulation experiment is conducted by using the soil sample to establish a correlation between the soil physical parameters and the environmental parameters, and obtain the critical value of the environmental parameter for generating mudflow; the upper and lower fluctuation ranges of the critical value of the environmental parameter are determined by considering the geological information, topographic information and vegetation coverage information of the area to be monitored, and whether there is flow is determined based on the environmental parameters and the upper and lower fluctuation ranges; Obtain and establish the correlation between mudflow data and environmental parameters based on the historical data of loess mudflow in the monitoring area; When there is flow, mud flow data monitoring is performed, wherein the loess mud flow flow rate and the mud ratio of the loess mud flow are obtained respectively by the mud flow flow meter and the mud flow specific gravity meter in the monitoring station, and the mud flow velocity is obtained by calculation; Predicting mudflow impulse and maximum impact force of mudflow based on correlation relationship and real-time environmental parameters, wherein mudflow impulse and maximum impact force of mudflow are calculated based on mudflow velocity and mudflow flow rate; Compare the mudflow impulse and the maximum impact force of the mudflow with the preset threshold, and judge whether there is a risk of loess mudflow disaster in combination with the rainfall, where the preset threshold is determined according to geological conditions, topographic conditions, and soil physical parameters; The loess mudflow disaster assessment system divides danger levels according to the mudflow impulse and the impact of the maximum impact force of the mudflow on infrastructure, buildings, and human activities, and issues warnings based on the danger level.

2. The method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental parameters include rainfall, rainfall distribution, groundwater level changes, surface displacement changes, and river water levels; rainfall and groundwater level changes are directly obtained through monitoring stations; the surface displacement changes are obtained through ground measurement technology; rainfall data are summarized, interpolation method is used to fill in the data, and rainfall distribution is analyzed.

3. The method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud flow velocity is obtained by calculation based on the roughness of the viscous mud flow ditch bed, the initial value of the mud level before the mud flow starts, the mud level height of the mud flow, and the hydraulic gradient of the mud flow.

4. The method for monitoring shallow loess mudflow disaster according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dynamic pressure, impact force and rush height of the mud flow are calculated according to the mud flow velocity; and the maximum impact force of the mud flow is calculated according to the dynamic pressure, the impact force and the rush height.

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