A template-free, multi-layered, blocked vacuum-guided self-forming method for composite curved surface sheets.

Abstract

This invention discloses a template-free, multi-layered, blocked vacuum-guided self-forming method for composite curved surface sheets, comprising the following steps: S1: Fabricating a vacuum bag component, connecting one end of the vacuum bag component to a resin container, and connecting the other end of the vacuum bag component to a vacuum device; S2: Bending the vacuum bag component into the desired shape; S3: Opening the vacuum device and closing the resin container, evacuating the vacuum bag to allow the deformed vacuum bag component to solidify and form a self-supporting first shell structure; S4: Opening the resin container to allow the resin to completely impregnate the layers, obtaining a second shell structure; S5: Completely curing the second shell structure to obtain a third shell structure; S6: Removing the vacuum bag from the third shell structure and polishing it to finally obtain the desired composite curved surface sheet. This invention eliminates the need for templates or increases the utilization rate of templates, enabling rapid prototyping, repeated prototyping, high component freedom, lightweight yet high-strength components, and simple control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite curved surface sheet construction and molding technology, and in particular to a templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface sheets. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum-guided resin injection systems are a common technique for fabricating composite panels. They bond fibrous materials (such as carbon fiber and glass fiber) with resins (such as epoxy resin and polyester resin) using a rigid template through vacuum-assisted resin injection. This system utilizes the vacuum to remove air bubbles and air generated during the resin impregnation process, ensuring material quality and performance. However, this process typically requires templates to define the shape and dimensions of the components. After each use, the templates need to be inspected and cleaned to ensure their quality and reusability. Since component curing typically takes several days, the templates and material adhere together during this curing process, potentially requiring the simultaneous use of multiple templates in mass production, resulting in low template utilization efficiency.

[0003] On the other hand, the layer blocking system is a method of changing the stiffness of a component by controlling air pressure. In this system, by controlling changes in air pressure, the component can be made flexible and freely bent to adapt to different shapes before vacuuming. Once the shape is determined, vacuuming can increase the out-of-plane bending stiffness of the component, achieving rapid shaping. This is because after vacuuming, atmospheric pressure increases the interlaminar shear force generated by friction, thereby increasing the component's stiffness. The layer blocking system has advantages such as simple air pressure control, fast control speed, reversible process, structural recovery, adjustable stiffness, and easy shaping. However, its current application is mainly in the field of flexible robotics, primarily for small-scale components, with less application in large-scale components in civil engineering and machinery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to propose a template-free, multi-layered, blocked vacuum-guided self-forming method for composite curved sheet materials, which eliminates the need for templates or increases the utilization rate of templates, enabling rapid and repeated forming, high degree of freedom in component design, lightweight yet high-strength components, and simple control.

[0005] The templateless multilayer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to embodiments of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Fabricate a vacuum bag component, and connect one end of the vacuum bag component to a resin container and the other end of the vacuum bag component to a vacuum device; wherein, the vacuum bag component is in a flat state, and the vacuum bag component includes a vacuum bag and a lower release fabric layer, a fiber fabric layer, an upper release fabric layer and a flow guide net layer laid flat inside the vacuum bag from bottom to top;

[0007] S2: Bend the vacuum bag component into the desired shape;

[0008] S3: Open the vacuum device and close the resin container to extract a vacuum inside the vacuum bag, so that the deformed vacuum bag component is shaped and forms a self-supporting first plate shell structure;

[0009] S4: Next, open the resin container and allow the resin in the resin container to be drawn into the first plate shell structure through the vacuum device, so that the resin can completely impregnate the layer to obtain the second plate shell structure. Then, close the vacuum device and the resin container.

[0010] S5: Completely solidify the second shell structure to obtain the third shell structure;

[0011] S6: Remove the vacuum bag from the third shell structure and polish it to obtain the desired composite curved surface material.

[0012] The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum-guided self-forming method for composite curved surface sheets according to embodiments of the present invention has the following advantages: First, the vacuum bag component can form a multi-layer blocking system for rapid forming. Second, it is simple to operate and easy to control. Third, it eliminates the need for templates or improves the utilization rate of templates. Fourth, the vacuum bag component has a high degree of freedom and is suitable for manufacturing plate and shell components of various curved shapes and sizes. Fifth, it can be repeatedly formed, improving the flexibility and error correction capability in the manufacturing process. Sixth, the composite curved surface sheets produced by the templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum-guided self-forming method for composite curved surface sheets according to embodiments of the present invention are lightweight and have high strength.

[0013] The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum-guided self-forming method for composite curved surface panels of this invention uses composite materials to manufacture curved surface panels, forming lightweight thin-shell and thin-plate structures. Through flexible fiber layup and material selection, lightweight design of the composite curved surface panels can be achieved while maintaining high strength. The composite material possesses excellent specific strength and specific stiffness, which can reduce the self-weight of the composite curved surface panel while meeting strength requirements, thus improving overall performance. This templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum-guided self-forming method for composite curved surface panels of this invention is suitable for manufacturing various complex curved surface components that can be unfolded into a plane. Depending on the designed size, shape, and application, this method can be used to manufacture medium or large curved surface shell components, and is widely applied in fields such as machinery, industrial design, and civil engineering.

[0014] In some embodiments, step S1 specifically involves laying the lower bag surface layer, the lower release fabric layer, the fiber fabric layer, the upper release fabric layer, the flow guide mesh layer, and the upper bag surface layer in sequence from bottom to top, sealing the periphery of the lower bag surface layer and the upper bag surface layer, connecting one end of the vacuum bag to the resin container, and connecting the other end of the vacuum bag to the vacuum device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the inner surface of the lower bag layer and the inner surface of the upper bag layer are both coated with a release agent layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the vacuum bag component further includes a flow-guiding spiral tube located at the periphery of the vacuum bag.

[0017] In some embodiments, after the flow guiding mesh layer is laid flat, the flow guiding spiral tube is arranged along the periphery of the flow guiding mesh layer and the flow guiding spiral tube is fixed to the flow guiding mesh layer.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S1, the resin container and the interface at one end of the upper bag surface layer are connected by a glue inlet tube.

[0019] In some embodiments, in step S1, the vacuum device and the interface at the other end of the upper bag surface are connected by an air extraction pipe and a resin collection box, wherein the vacuum device is connected to the resin collection box, and the two ends of the air extraction pipe are respectively connected to the resin collection box and the interface at the other end of the upper bag surface.

[0020] In some embodiments, in step S2, an external template is used to assist in the molding of the vacuum bag component. After the first shell structure in step S3 is completed, the external template is removed.

[0021] In some embodiments, in step S5, the second shell structure is fully cured at room temperature or under a heated environment.

[0022] In some embodiments, in step S6, after removing the vacuum bag from the third shell structure, a composite curved surface material with rough edges is obtained. The rough edges of the composite curved surface material are then ground and trimmed to finally obtain the desired composite curved surface material.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario in the templateless multilayer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a vacuum bag component layup in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a composite curved surface sheet obtained by the templateless multilayer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface sheets according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another composite curved surface material obtained by the templateless multilayer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another composite curved surface sheet obtained by the templateless multilayer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface sheets according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is an application diagram of the composite curved surface material obtained by the templateless multilayer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals: 1000: Template-free multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved sheet materials; 100: Vacuum bag component; 101: Vacuum bag; 101: Lower bag surface layer; 1011: Upper bag surface layer; 1012: Lower release cloth layer; 102: Fiber fabric layer; 103: Upper release cloth layer; 104: Guiding mesh layer; 105: Resin container; 200: Resin collection box; 300: Vacuum equipment; 400: First shell structure; 500: Second shell structure; 600: Third shell structure; 700. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1 and Figure 7 This invention describes a templateless multilayer blocking vacuum flow self-forming method 1000 for composite curved surface plates according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a templateless multilayer blocking vacuum flow self-forming method 1000 for composite curved surface plates includes the following steps:

[0036] S1: Fabricate a vacuum bag component 100, and connect one end of the vacuum bag component 100 to the resin container 200, and connect the other end of the vacuum bag component 100 to the vacuum equipment 400; wherein, the vacuum bag component 100 is in a flat state, and the vacuum bag component 100 includes a vacuum bag 101 and a lower release cloth layer 102, a fiber fabric layer 103, an upper release cloth layer 104 and a flow guide net layer 105, which are laid flat in the vacuum bag 101 from bottom to top.

[0037] Specifically, the vacuum bag 101 forms a sealed space. The lower release fabric layer 102 and the upper release fabric layer 104 facilitate demolding and protect the fiber fabric layer 103 and the flow guiding mesh layer 105 between them. The fiber fabric layer 103 ensures the strength of the final composite curved surface panel. The number of fiber fabric layers 103 can be selected according to functional requirements; for example, flexible foam or honeycomb materials can be added. Such adjustments can enhance the specific functions and improve the performance of the composite curved surface panel according to specific needs. The flow guiding mesh layer 105 facilitates resin flow within the vacuum bag component 100, promoting resin impregnation of the functional layers within the vacuum bag 101. The vacuum bag component 100 is a layer-blocking system. The stiffness of the vacuum bag component 100 can be changed by controlling the internal air pressure. When the vacuum bag component 100 is not evacuated, it is in a soft state and can be bent into various curved shapes. Once the shape is determined, the vacuum bag component 100 can be evacuated, and the gas inside the vacuum bag component 100 can be quickly discharged within a few minutes, so that the vacuum bag component 100 changes from a soft state to a rigid shell shape. After evacuation, the atmospheric pressure increases the interlaminar shear force generated by friction in each layer of the vacuum bag component 100, thereby increasing the out-of-plane bending stiffness of the vacuum bag component 100, giving it the ability to resist bending and achieving rapid shaping.

[0038] Specifically, in step S1, both the vacuum device 400 and the resin container 200 are in a closed state, ensuring that the vacuum bag component 100 is in a flexible state so that it can be bent into the desired shape in the subsequent step S3. The vacuum device 400 has two functions: one is to evacuate the vacuum bag component 100 to a vacuum state, expelling the gas inside the vacuum bag component 100 to fix the vacuum bag component 100; the other is to extract the resin from the resin container 200, allowing the resin to enter the vacuum bag component 100 under the action of the air pressure difference, so as to achieve resin impregnation of each layer inside the vacuum bag 101.

[0039] S2: Bend the vacuum bag component 100 into the desired shape.

[0040] Specifically, in step S3, since the vacuum bag component 100 is flexible and does not require a template, it can be formed into various curved shapes, exhibiting great flexibility and adaptability. It can manufacture medium and large curved components to meet the needs of different fields. A temporary external template can also be used to assist in transforming the vacuum bag component 100 into a specific design shape. Because the temporary external template is in contact with the outer surface of the vacuum bag and does not directly contact the material inside the vacuum bag component 100, it can be quickly removed after the subsequent step S4 and can be reused, thereby improving the utilization rate of the external template.

[0041] S3: Open the vacuum equipment 400 and close the resin container 200 to draw a vacuum into the vacuum bag 101, so that the vacuum bag component 100 forms a self-supporting first plate shell structure 500.

[0042] Specifically, in step S4, evacuating the vacuum bag 101 only takes a few minutes to expel the gas, achieving rapid shaping. This transforms the vacuum bag component 100 from a soft state into a rigid first shell structure 500. After evacuation, the increased atmospheric pressure causes interlaminar shear forces generated by friction within the layers of the vacuum bag 101, thereby increasing the out-of-plane bending stiffness of the first shell structure 500 and giving it resistance to bending. It should be noted that this step allows the vacuum bag component 100 to undergo multiple molding processes before proceeding to step S4. This means that if the shape of the first shell structure 500 needs adjustment, it can be inflated to restore its soft state. Then, steps S3 and S4 can be repeated until the shape of the first shell structure 500 meets the design requirements. This improves the flexibility and error correction capabilities of the composite curved panel manufacturing process.

[0043] S4: Next, open the resin container 200 and allow the resin in the resin container 200 to be drawn into the first shell structure 500 through the vacuum device 400, so that the resin can be completely impregnated and laid up to obtain the second shell structure 600. Then, close the vacuum device 400 and the resin container 200.

[0044] Specifically, in step S4, the vacuum device 400 evacuates the vacuum bag component 100 to a vacuum state, creating a pressure difference between the vacuum bag component 100 and the outside world. This allows the resin in the resin container 200, which is connected to the vacuum bag component 100, to be drawn into the vacuum bag component 100. The guide mesh layer 105 in the vacuum bag component 100 can evenly impregnate and lay the resin to obtain the second shell structure 600. Then, the vacuum device 400 and the resin container 200 are turned off, forming a sealed cavity inside the vacuum bag component 100, and the second shell structure 600 is left to cure.

[0045] S5: The second shell structure 600 is completely cured to obtain the third shell structure 700. This composite curved surface material is lightweight and has high strength.

[0046] Specifically, in step S5, the second shell structure 600 is fully cured to obtain the third shell structure 700, thus obtaining the desired composite curved surface sheet. Through flexible fiber layup and material selection, a lightweight design of the composite curved surface sheet can be achieved while maintaining high strength. The composite material has excellent specific strength and specific stiffness, which can reduce the self-weight of the composite curved surface sheet while meeting strength requirements, thereby improving overall performance.

[0047] S6: Remove the vacuum bag 101 from the third shell structure 700 and polish it to finally obtain the required composite curved surface material.

[0048] Specifically, in step S6, after removing the vacuum bag 101 of the third shell structure 700, a composite curved surface material with rough edges is obtained. The rough edges of the composite curved surface material are then polished and trimmed to finally obtain the desired composite curved surface material.

[0049] The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum-guided self-forming method 1000 for composite curved surface sheets according to embodiments of the present invention has the following advantages: First, the vacuum bag component 100 can form a multi-layer blocking system for rapid forming. Second, it is simple to operate and easy to control. Third, it eliminates the need for templates or improves the utilization rate of templates. Fourth, the vacuum bag component 100 has a high degree of freedom and is suitable for manufacturing plate and shell components of various curved shapes and sizes. Fifth, it can be repeatedly formed, improving the flexibility and error correction capability in the manufacturing process. Sixth, the composite curved surface sheets produced by the templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum-guided self-forming method 1000 for composite curved surface sheets according to embodiments of the present invention are lightweight and have high strength.

[0050] The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum flow self-forming method 1000 for composite curved surface panels of this invention uses composite materials to manufacture curved surface panels, forming lightweight thin shell and thin plate structures. Through flexible fiber layup and material selection, lightweight design of the composite curved surface panels can be achieved while maintaining high strength. The composite material has excellent specific strength and specific stiffness, which can reduce the self-weight of the composite curved surface panel while meeting strength requirements, thus improving overall performance. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum flow self-forming method 1000 for composite curved surface panels of this invention is suitable for manufacturing various complex curved surface components that can be unfolded into a plane. Depending on the designed size, shape, and application, the templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum flow self-forming method 1000 for composite curved surface panels of this invention can be used to manufacture medium or large curved surface shell components, and is widely used in mechanical, industrial design, civil engineering, and other fields. Figure 7 The image shows an example of a composite curved sheet material used for a public bench.

[0051] In some embodiments, step S1 specifically involves laying out the lower bag surface layer 1011, the lower release fabric layer 102, the fiber fabric layer 103, the upper release fabric layer 104, the flow guide mesh layer 105, and the upper bag surface layer 1012 sequentially from bottom to top, and sealing the peripheries of the lower bag surface layer 1011 and the upper bag surface layer 1012 together. This simplifies the fabrication of the vacuum bag component 100.

[0052] In some embodiments, the inner surfaces of the lower bag layer 1011 and the upper bag layer 1012 are both coated with a release agent layer. This allows for easy removal of the vacuum bag 101 from the surface of the third shell structure 700 in step S6, obtaining the desired composite curved surface sheet.

[0053] In some embodiments, the vacuum bag component 100 further includes a flow-guiding spiral tube located at the periphery of the vacuum bag 101.

[0054] Specifically, the flow-guiding spiral tube is set above the flow-guiding mesh layer 105. The resin can enter the flow-guiding mesh layer 105 evenly through the spiral flow-guiding mesh, guiding the resin flow and allowing the resin to better wet each layer inside the first plate shell structure 500.

[0055] In some embodiments, after the flow guiding mesh layer 105 is laid flat, the flow guiding spiral tube is arranged along the periphery of the flow guiding mesh layer 105 and fixed to the flow guiding mesh layer 105, for example, by using tape to fix it, to prevent the flow guiding spiral tube from shifting in step S5, so that the resin can be evenly introduced into the flow guiding mesh layer 105 through the spiral flow guiding mesh, to guide the resin, so that the resin can better wet the first plate shell structure 500, and to prevent the first plate shell structure 500 from having areas that are not wetted by resin.

[0056] In some embodiments, in step S1, a glue inlet tube is used to connect the resin container 200 and the interface at one end of the upper bag surface layer 1012. It is understood that the glue inlet tube serves to transport the resin, facilitating the input of resin from the resin container 200 into the vacuum bag component 100.

[0057] In some embodiments, in step S1, the vacuum device 400 and the interface at the other end of the upper bag surface layer 1012 are connected by a vacuum pipe and a resin collection box 300, wherein the vacuum device 400 is connected to the resin collection box 300, and the two ends of the vacuum pipe are respectively connected to the resin collection box 300 and the interface at the other end of the upper bag surface layer 1012.

[0058] Understandably, excess resin will be collected in the resin collection box 300 to prevent resin from entering the vacuum equipment 400 and causing damage to the vacuum equipment 400. The resin collection box 300 is equipped with a pressure gauge, which can be used to know the resin content in the resin collection box 300, so as to facilitate timely replacement of the resin collection box 300.

[0059] In some embodiments, in step S2, an external template is used to assist in the molding of the vacuum bag component 100. After the first shell structure 500 in step S3 is completed, the external template is removed.

[0060] It is understandable that an external template can be used to temporarily help the vacuum bag component 100 transform into a specific design shape. Since the external template and the material inside the vacuum bag component 100 do not come into direct contact, after the component is shaped into the first shell structure 500 within a few minutes of vacuuming, it can be quickly removed after the subsequent step S3 is completed, and can be reused, thereby improving the utilization rate of the external template.

[0061] In some embodiments, in step S5, the second shell structure 600 is fully cured at room temperature or under a heated environment. The conditions required for the complete curing of the second shell structure 600 are simple and have wide applicability.

[0062] In some embodiments, in step S6, after removing the vacuum bag 101 from the third shell structure 700, a composite curved surface material with rough edges is obtained. The rough edges of the composite curved surface material are then ground and trimmed to finally obtain the desired composite curved surface material. Removing the rough edges from the third shell structure 700 makes the final composite curved surface material neater and more aesthetically pleasing, while also preventing the rough edges from causing injury to users.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Fabricate a vacuum bag component, and connect one end of the vacuum bag component to a resin container and the other end of the vacuum bag component to a vacuum device; wherein, the vacuum bag component is in a flat state, and the vacuum bag component includes a vacuum bag and a lower release fabric layer, a fiber fabric layer, an upper release fabric layer and a flow guide net layer laid flat inside the vacuum bag from bottom to top; S2: Bend the vacuum bag component into the desired shape; S3: Open the vacuum device and close the resin container to extract a vacuum inside the vacuum bag, so that the deformed vacuum bag component is shaped and forms a self-supporting first plate shell structure; S4: Next, open the resin container and allow the resin in the resin container to be drawn into the first plate shell structure through the vacuum device, so that the resin can completely impregnate the layer to obtain the second plate shell structure. Then, close the vacuum device and the resin container. S5: Completely solidify the second shell structure to obtain the third shell structure; S6: Remove the vacuum bag from the third shell structure and polish it to obtain the desired composite curved surface material.

2. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S1 are as follows: lay the lower bag surface layer, the lower release cloth layer, the fiber fabric layer, the upper release cloth layer, the guide net layer and the upper bag surface layer in sequence from bottom to top, and seal the periphery of the lower bag surface layer and the upper bag surface layer, connect one end of the vacuum bag to the resin container, and connect the other end of the vacuum bag to the vacuum equipment.

3. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the inner surface of the lower bag layer and the inner surface of the upper bag layer are coated with a release agent layer.

4. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vacuum bag component also includes a flow-guiding spiral tube, which is located at the periphery inside the vacuum bag.

5. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the flow guiding mesh layer is laid flat, the flow guiding spiral tube is arranged along the periphery of the flow guiding mesh layer and fixed to the flow guiding mesh layer.

6. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the resin container and the interface at one end of the upper bag surface are connected by a glue inlet tube.

7. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the vacuum device and the interface at the other end of the upper bag surface are connected by an air extraction pipe and a resin collection box. The vacuum device is connected to the resin collection box, and the two ends of the air extraction pipe are respectively connected to the resin collection box and the interface at the other end of the upper bag surface.

8. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, In step S2, an external template is used to assist in the shaping of the vacuum bag component. After the first shell structure in step S3 is completed, the external template is removed.

9. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, In step S5, the second shell structure is fully cured at room temperature or under a heated environment.

10. The templateless multi-layer blocking vacuum guiding self-forming method for composite curved surface plates according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, In step S6, after removing the vacuum bag from the third shell structure, a composite curved surface material with rough edges is obtained. The rough edges of the composite curved surface material are then polished and trimmed to finally obtain the desired composite curved surface material.

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