Structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectories

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of structural color image processing methods with dynamic tool movement trajectory, comprising the following steps: original image is divided into multiple pixel units;According to the hue and brightness of each pixel unit, obtain the tool movement trajectory under all pixel units corresponding;Make tool according to the tool movement trajectory under current pixel unit corresponding to carry out cutting processing, after processing current pixel unit, the movement trajectory of tool is changed from the tool movement trajectory under current pixel unit corresponding to the tool movement trajectory under next pixel unit corresponding;This method can dynamically adjust the movement trajectory of tool in the process of cutting processing, flexibly adjust the frequency and shape of tool elliptical vibration, and then control the hue and brightness of structural color, so as to enrich the color space in the field of structural color processing.In the process of cutting processing, the nominal cutting speed of tool can be kept unchanged, so as to avoid the adverse vibration caused by frequent sudden movement, improve the machining precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural color processing technology, and more specifically to a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory. Background Technology

[0002] Nature possesses many astonishing structural colors, produced by the interaction of microstructures with visible light, rather than through pigments or the absorption of specific wavelengths of light. Common examples of structural colors in nature include the colors of butterfly wings, peacock feathers, beetle exoskeletons, bee bodies, and coral. Structural colors are characterized by high resolution, colorfastness, environmental friendliness, and iridescent effects, showing great promise in fields such as information encryption, intelligent sensing, and anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, developing a method to fabricate micro / nano grating structures on metal surfaces to achieve structural color effects is crucial.

[0003] Currently, several processing methods are available for fabricating structural color images on metal surfaces. Traditional photolithography is an efficient method for manufacturing grating structures, but it struggles to create complex structural color images. Etching can be used to fabricate nanoscale structures, but it is costly and involves a complex process. While femtosecond laser ablation offers high efficiency, the influence of laser wavelength makes it difficult to predict and adjust the periodic spacing of the grating, limiting its application on complex colored surfaces. Ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting, however, applies elliptical vibration to the tool during the cutting process. By adjusting the cutting speed and spindle speed, different periodic sizes and groove structures of the grating can be fabricated. Combined with algorithms and path planning, it successfully reproduces high-resolution structural color images. However, existing ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting processes rely on a constant tool trajectory, adjusting the periodic size only by changing the nominal cutting speed. This results in undesirable vibrations due to frequent abrupt movements during cutting, reducing processing accuracy and limiting image resolution and overall structural color effects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory, which can dynamically adjust the tool movement trajectory during the cutting process, flexibly adjust the frequency and shape of the tool elliptical vibration, and thus control the hue and brightness of the structural color, thereby enriching the color space in the field of structural color processing, avoiding the adverse vibrations caused by frequent rapid movements, and improving machining accuracy.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory, which uses elliptical vibration cutting for cutting, including the following steps:

[0006] Step S100: Provide the original image to be processed, and divide the original image into multiple pixel units according to the hue and brightness of the original image;

[0007] Step S200: Based on the hue of each pixel unit, obtain the frequency of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit, and based on the brightness of each pixel unit, obtain the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration trajectory corresponding to each pixel unit.

[0008] Step S300: Obtain the tool motion trajectory corresponding to all pixel units in step S100 according to step S200. Each tool motion trajectory corresponds to the frequency and amplitude of the tool elliptical vibration trajectory under its respective pixel unit.

[0009] Step S400: Make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit. After machining the current pixel unit, change the tool movement trajectory from the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit, and make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit. During the tool movement trajectory change and cutting machining, keep the nominal cutting speed v of the tool unchanged.

[0010] Step S500, repeat step S400, until all pixel units in step S100 have been processed.

[0011] Compared to existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Compared to machining methods that maintain a constant tool movement trajectory, this method can dynamically adjust the tool's movement trajectory during the cutting process, flexibly adjust the frequency and shape of the tool's elliptical vibration, and thus control the hue and brightness of structural colors, thereby enriching the color space in the field of structural color processing. Compared to methods that adjust the grating spacing by adjusting the nominal cutting speed of the tool to manipulate the diffraction light hue, this method can maintain a constant nominal cutting speed of the tool during the cutting process, thereby avoiding undesirable vibrations caused by frequent rapid movements, improving machining accuracy, image resolution, and overall structural color effect.

[0012] In the above-mentioned structured color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory, in step S400, the tool motion trajectory is transformed by direct jump or linear transition.

[0013] In the above-described structured color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory, when the tool motion trajectory transformation method in step S400 is a linear transition, a linear transition interval [t1, t2] is set between two adjacent tool motion trajectories. Within the linear transition interval [t1, t2], the displacement change function of the tool along the X direction is:

[0014]

[0015] Where f1 is the frequency of the current tool movement trajectory, A x1 The amplitude of the current tool movement trajectory. f1 is the initial phase of the current tool movement trajectory, f2 is the frequency of the next tool movement trajectory, and A is the initial phase of the current tool movement trajectory. x2 t1 represents the amplitude of the next tool movement trajectory, t2 represents the end time of the current tool movement trajectory, and t2 represents the start time of the next tool movement trajectory.

[0016] The above-described structured color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory satisfies the following initial phase φ2 of the next tool motion trajectory:

[0017]

[0018] The above-mentioned structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory includes the following steps in step S200:

[0019] Step S210: Convert the hue value h in each pixel unit to wavelength λ using the following calibrated linear transfer function:

[0020]

[0021] Step S220: Determine the periodic spacing d of the grating corresponding to each pixel unit using the wavelength λ and the following formula (4):

[0022]

[0023] Step S230: Using the periodic spacing d of the grating and the nominal cutting speed v of the tool, determine the frequency f of the tool elliptical vibration corresponding to each pixel unit using the following formula (5):

[0024] d = v / f (5)

[0025] The above-mentioned structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory further includes the following steps in step S200:

[0026] Step S240: Determine the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit based on the relationship between the brightness value of the color and the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration.

[0027] The above-mentioned structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory includes the following steps in step S240:

[0028] Step S241: Divide the color brightness into n levels evenly, with each level corresponding to a grating height H. Establish a functional relationship between the color brightness and the grating height H based on the n color brightness levels and the n grating heights H.

[0029] Step S242: Based on the functional relationship between color brightness and grating height H in step S241, convert the color brightness of each pixel unit into grating height H;

[0030] Step S243: Select the Z-axis amplitude A of the tool elliptical vibration according to the machining requirements. z The Z-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to all pixel units. z They are all the same;

[0031] Step S244: Based on the grating height H corresponding to each pixel unit in step S242 and the Z-axis amplitude A in step S243... z And the following formulas (6) and (7) determine the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit. x :

[0032] H = A z (1-|cosγ|) (6)

[0033]

[0034] Among them, the phase difference in formula (7)

[0035] The above-mentioned structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory includes the following steps in step S200:

[0036] Step S210a: Design and manufacture a color wheel composed of color blocks with different hues and brightness, and set a vertical coordinate axis on the color wheel. The vertical axis data is the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to different brightness color blocks. x The horizontal axis data represents the periodic spacing d of the grating corresponding to different hue color blocks. When machining the color wheel, the nominal cutting speed v and Z-axis amplitude A of the tool are also considered. z Constant;

[0037] Step S220a: Compare the hue and brightness of each pixel unit with the color wheel in step S210a to obtain the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit. x Z-axis amplitude A z And the periodic spacing d of the grating corresponding to each pixel unit, and the frequency f of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit is obtained according to the following formula (5):

[0038] d = v / f (5)

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the structural color image processing method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the tool movement trajectory in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, where the tool jumps directly from trajectory 1 to trajectory 2.

[0042] Figure 3 The original image to be processed in this embodiment of the invention;

[0043] Figure 4 The image is obtained by the direct skipping method in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the linear transition of the tool movement trajectory from trajectory 1 to trajectory 2 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 The images are those obtained by processing according to Embodiments 3 and 5 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A geometric kinematic model for elliptical vibration cutting blazed gratings;

[0047] Figure 8 This is the color wheel diagram in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the conversion of structural color images from color information to processing parameter information in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Reference Figure 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory, which uses elliptical vibration cutting for cutting, and includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S100: Provide the original image to be processed, and divide the original image into multiple pixel units according to the hue and brightness of the original image;

[0053] Step S200: Based on the hue of each pixel unit, obtain the frequency of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit, and based on the brightness of each pixel unit, obtain the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration trajectory corresponding to each pixel unit.

[0054] Step S300: Obtain the tool motion trajectory corresponding to all pixel units in step S100 according to step S200. Each tool motion trajectory corresponds to the frequency and amplitude of the tool elliptical vibration trajectory under its respective pixel unit.

[0055] Step S400: Make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit. After machining the current pixel unit, change the tool movement trajectory from the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit, and make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit. During the tool movement trajectory change and cutting machining, keep the nominal cutting speed v of the tool unchanged.

[0056] Step S500, repeat step S400, until all pixel units in step S100 have been processed.

[0057] Compared to machining methods that maintain a constant tool trajectory, this method dynamically adjusts the tool's trajectory during the cutting process, flexibly regulating the frequency and shape of the tool's elliptical vibration, thereby controlling the hue and brightness of structural colors and enriching the color space in the field of structural color processing. Compared to methods that manipulate diffracted light hues by adjusting the nominal cutting speed of the tool to control the grating spacing, this method maintains a constant nominal cutting speed during machining, thus avoiding undesirable vibrations caused by frequent rapid movements, improving machining accuracy, image resolution, and overall structural color effect.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Reference Figures 2 to 4 Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory. The difference between this method and Embodiment 1 is that in step S400, the transformation of the tool movement trajectory is a direct jump, such as... Figure 2 As shown, taking the vibration displacement of the tool in the X-axis direction as an example, assuming the amplitude of the tool motion trajectory 1 corresponding to the current pixel unit is A. x1 With a frequency of f1 and an initial phase of φ1, the amplitude of the tool motion trajectory 2 corresponding to the next pixel unit is A. x2 The frequency is f2, and the initial phase is φ2. When the current pixel unit is completed and the tool moves to the next pixel unit, the tool's motion trajectory changes directly from trajectory 1 to trajectory 2. Figure 3 The original image to be processed. Figure 4 The image is obtained by processing using the direct skip method.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory. The difference between this method and Embodiment 1 is that, in step S400, the transformation of the tool movement trajectory is a linear transition, such as... Figure 5 As shown, taking the vibration displacement of the tool in the X-axis direction as an example, assuming the amplitude of the tool motion trajectory 1 corresponding to the current pixel unit is A. x1 The frequency is f1, and the initial phase is The amplitude of the tool motion trajectory 2 corresponding to the next pixel unit is A. x2 The frequency is f2, and the initial phase is A linear transition interval [t1, t2] is set between tool trajectory 1 and tool trajectory 2. Within the linear transition interval [t1, t2], the displacement function of the tool along the X direction is:

[0062]

[0063] Where t1 is the end time of the current tool movement trajectory, and t2 is the start time of the next tool movement trajectory. Figure 3 The original image to be processed. Figure 6 The image obtained by the linear transition method is... Figure 6 and Figure 4 The comparison clearly shows that the linear transition method can make the motion trajectories of two adjacent tools continuous without jumping, thereby reducing the frequency of high-frequency tool oscillation. Therefore, the processed image is clearer and brighter.

[0064] Furthermore, when using the linear transition method, the initial phase φ2 of the next tool trajectory satisfies the following formula (2):

[0065]

[0066] While ensuring continuity before and after the end of the transition interval, the initial phase Satisfying the above formula (2) can further ensure the continuity of the tool path before and after the transformation.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] Reference Figure 9 Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory, which uses elliptical vibration cutting for cutting, including the following steps:

[0069] Step S100: Provide the original image to be processed, and divide the original image into multiple pixel units according to the hue and brightness of the original image;

[0070] Step S200: Based on the hue of each pixel unit, obtain the frequency of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit, and based on the brightness of each pixel unit, obtain the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration trajectory corresponding to each pixel unit.

[0071] Step S300: Obtain the tool motion trajectory corresponding to all pixel units in step S100 according to step S200. Each tool motion trajectory corresponds to the frequency and amplitude of the tool elliptical vibration trajectory under its respective pixel unit.

[0072] Step S400: Make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit. After machining the current pixel unit, change the tool movement trajectory from the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit, and make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit. When the tool movement trajectory changes, keep the nominal cutting speed v of the tool unchanged.

[0073] Step S500, repeat step S400 until all pixel units in step S100 have been processed;

[0074] Step S200 includes the following steps:

[0075] Step S210: Convert the hue value h in each pixel unit to wavelength λ using the following calibrated linear transfer function:

[0076]

[0077] Step S220: Determine the periodic spacing d of the grating corresponding to each pixel unit using the wavelength λ and the following formula (4):

[0078]

[0079] Step S230: Using the periodic spacing d of the grating and the nominal cutting speed v of the tool, determine the frequency f of the tool elliptical vibration corresponding to each pixel unit using the following formula (5):

[0080] d = v / f (5)

[0081] Step S240: Determine the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit based on the relationship between the brightness value of the color and the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration.

[0082] Step S241: Divide the color brightness into n levels evenly, with each level corresponding to a grating height H. Establish a functional relationship between the color brightness and the grating height H based on the n color brightness levels and the n grating heights H.

[0083] Step S242: Based on the functional relationship between color brightness and grating height H in step S241, convert the color brightness of each pixel unit into grating height H;

[0084] Step S243: Select the Z-axis amplitude A of the tool elliptical vibration according to the machining requirements. z The Z-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to all pixel units. z They are all the same;

[0085] Step S244: Based on the grating height H corresponding to each pixel unit in step S242 and the Z-axis amplitude A in step S243... z And the following formulas (6) and (7) determine the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit. x :

[0086] H = A z (1-|cosγ|) (6)

[0087]

[0088] Among them, the phase difference in formula (7)

[0089] In step S200, the dynamic tool trajectory parameters are determined by image information inversion. The hue axis is a circular axis, the normalized hue range is [0, 1], and the wavelength range of the visible spectrum is 0.41~0.71μm. Therefore, based on the hue value of each pixel unit, the hue value h can be converted into wavelength λ using the above-mentioned function formula (2). Then, using the above-mentioned formulas (4) and (5), the frequency f of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit can be obtained. (Refer to...) Figure 7 The geometric kinematic model of elliptical vibration cutting blazed gratings in the figure shows that, based on geometric kinematic analysis and the above formula (6), the grating height H is related to the amplitude A of the elliptical vibration of the tool in the cutting depth direction Z. z They are positively correlated. In formula (6), γ is an intermediate variable, which physically means half of the phase difference between the intersection points of the cutting composite trajectories of the tool before and after two passes. The value range is (0, π). The specific value can be determined by the cutting process parameters. In this embodiment, in step S243, the Z-axis amplitude A of the tool elliptical vibration is selected according to the actual processing requirements. z Then, according to formula (6), the value of γ can be obtained. From the above formulas (6) and (7), it can be seen that the grating height H is related to the amplitude A of the tool elliptical vibration in the cutting direction X. x The correlation is negative. Based on the grating height H obtained in step S242 and the γ value obtained according to formula (6), and then according to formula (7), the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit can be obtained. xTherefore, according to step S240, the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit can be obtained. x and Z-axis amplitude A z By determining the frequency f and amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit, and following the machining steps in S300 to S500, the tool's movement trajectory can be dynamically adjusted during the cutting process. This allows for flexible adjustment of the frequency and shape of the tool ellipse vibration, thereby controlling the hue and brightness of the structural color and enriching the color space in the structural color processing field. Furthermore, the nominal cutting speed of the tool can be kept constant during the cutting process, thus avoiding undesirable vibrations caused by frequent rapid movements, improving machining accuracy, image resolution, and overall structural color effect. Specifically, the specific value of n in step S241 can be determined according to actual machining requirements, such as n=4 or n=6.

[0090] Example 5

[0091] In Embodiment 4, after dividing the original image into multiple pixel units, it is necessary to calculate the frequency f and amplitude corresponding to each pixel unit according to steps S210 to S230 and steps S241 to S242. In order to facilitate obtaining the frequency f and amplitude corresponding to each pixel unit and improve processing efficiency, Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a structural color image processing method with dynamic tool movement trajectory, which uses elliptical vibration cutting for cutting processing, including the following steps:

[0092] Step S100: Provide the original image to be processed, and divide the original image into multiple pixel units according to the hue and brightness of the original image;

[0093] Step S200: Based on the hue of each pixel unit, obtain the frequency of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit, and based on the brightness of each pixel unit, obtain the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration trajectory corresponding to each pixel unit.

[0094] Step S300: Obtain the tool motion trajectory corresponding to all pixel units in step S100 according to step S200. Each tool motion trajectory corresponds to the frequency and amplitude of the tool elliptical vibration trajectory under its respective pixel unit.

[0095] Step S400: Make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit. After machining the current pixel unit, change the tool movement trajectory from the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit, and make the tool perform cutting machining according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit. When the tool movement trajectory changes, keep the nominal cutting speed v of the tool unchanged.

[0096] Step S500, repeat step S400 until all pixel units in step S100 have been processed;

[0097] Step S200 includes the following steps:

[0098] Step S210a: Design and manufacture a color wheel composed of color blocks with different hues and brightness, and set a vertical coordinate axis on the color wheel. The vertical axis data is the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to different brightness color blocks. x The horizontal axis data represents the periodic spacing d of the grating corresponding to different hue color blocks. When machining the color wheel, the nominal cutting speed v and Z-axis amplitude A of the tool are also considered. z Constant;

[0099] Step S220a: Compare the hue and brightness of each pixel unit with the color wheel in step S210a to obtain the X-axis amplitude A of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit. x Z-axis amplitude A z And the periodic spacing d of the grating corresponding to each pixel unit, and the frequency f of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit is obtained according to the following formula (5):

[0100] d = v / f (5)

[0101] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The grating period spacing d of the color blocks is designed with 11 values. The grating period spacing d increases from 600nm to 1000nm in 40nm increments. The frequency f of the tool elliptical vibration corresponding to each grating period spacing d can be determined by the above formula (5). The brightness of the color block corresponding to each grating period spacing d is divided into four levels. According to steps S241 to S244 in Example 4, the grating height H can be obtained according to the color brightness, and then the amplitude A of the tool elliptical vibration can be obtained. x The corresponding amplitude A x The values ​​are 0.5μm, 1μm, 1.5μm, and 3μm, the nominal cutting speed v of the tool is 0.5mm / s, and the Z-axis amplitude A is... z With a diameter of 3μm and elliptical vibration of a normal ellipse, 44 color patches can be obtained. Under 0° incident light illumination and a 45° viewing angle, the color disk effect is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the color wheel diagram, as the grating period spacing increases from 600nm to 1000nm, the hue of the color patch changes from cyan to yellowish-red, and with the amplitude A... xAs the color intensity increases, the brightness of the color block gradually decreases. This indicates that, compared with traditional manufacturing processes, the structural color image processing method of this invention is no longer limited to hue manipulation, but also adds another dimension of brightness adjustment, greatly enriching the color space of structural colors.

[0102] Processing Figure 3 When using the pattern in the image, Figure 3 The pattern was divided into a 200×200 pixel matrix, the raster array unit was designed to be 80×80μm, and the final structured color image size was 16×16mm. The hue and brightness of each pixel unit were compared with... Figure 8 By mapping the color wheel diagram to the image, the color information can be converted into elliptical vibration trajectory parameters for the cutting tool. During the cutting process, the nominal cutting speed v of the tool is 0.5 mm / s, and the Z-axis amplitude A... z The diameter is 3μm. Based on the obtained tool movement trajectory, machining is performed according to steps S400 and S500. The resulting image is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the total processing time is approximately 140 minutes. It should be noted that... Figure 6 The images in Figure 3 The original image in the image has a certain color difference, which is mainly due to the small number of structural color hue divisions and the shooting angle error. The more structural color hue divisions there are, the finer the color wheel diagram will be, and the closer the processed image will be to the original image. Compared with Example 4, the color wheel diagram is pre-processed and designed in this example. In the processing design of the color wheel diagram, the above formulas (3) to (7) are also used. After the color wheel diagram is processed, the pixel unit to be processed can be directly compared with the color wheel diagram to obtain the frequency f and amplitude corresponding to each pixel unit.

[0103] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, any descriptions of orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0104] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is mentioned, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0105] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0106] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing structured color images with dynamic tool motion trajectories, characterized in that, The cutting process using elliptical vibration cutting includes the following steps: Step S100: Provide the original image to be processed, and divide the original image into multiple pixel units according to the hue and brightness of the original image; Step S200: Based on the hue of each pixel unit, obtain the frequency of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit, and based on the brightness of each pixel unit, obtain the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration trajectory corresponding to each pixel unit. Step S300: Obtain the tool motion trajectory corresponding to all pixel units in step S100 according to step S200. Each tool motion trajectory corresponds to the frequency and amplitude of the tool elliptical vibration trajectory under its respective pixel unit. Step S400: The tool performs cutting according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit. After machining the current pixel unit, the tool movement trajectory is changed from the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the current pixel unit to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit, and the tool performs cutting according to the tool movement trajectory corresponding to the next pixel unit. During the tool movement trajectory change and cutting, the nominal cutting speed of the tool is maintained. v constant; Step S500, repeat step S400 until all pixel units in step S100 have been processed; In step S400, the tool motion trajectory transformation is a linear transition, and a linear transition interval is set between two adjacent tool motion trajectories. t 1, t 2], in the linear transition interval [ t 1, t Within [2], the displacement function of the tool along the X direction is: ； in, f 1 represents the frequency of the current tool movement trajectory. A x1 The amplitude of the current tool movement trajectory. φ 1 represents the initial phase of the current tool movement trajectory. f 2 represents the frequency of the next tool movement trajectory. A x2 The amplitude of the next tool movement trajectory. t 1 represents the end time point of the current tool movement trajectory. t 2 represents the start time of the next tool movement trajectory, and the initial phase of the next tool movement trajectory. φ 2. Satisfies: 。 2. The structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S200 includes the following steps: Step S210: Set the hue value in each pixel unit. h Convert to wavelength using the following calibrated linear transfer function. λ : ； Step S220, from wavelength λ The periodic spacing of the grating corresponding to each pixel unit is determined by the following formula (4). d : ； Step S230: The periodic spacing of the grating d and the nominal cutting speed of the tool v The frequency of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit is determined by the following formula (5). f : 。 3. The structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S200 also includes the following steps: Step S240: Determine the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit based on the relationship between the brightness value of the color and the amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration.

4. The structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S240 includes the following steps: Step S241: Divide the color brightness into n levels evenly, with each level corresponding to a grating height H. Establish a functional relationship between the color brightness and the grating height H based on the n color brightness levels and the n grating heights H. Step S242: Based on the functional relationship between color brightness and grating height H in step S241, convert the color brightness of each pixel unit into grating height H; Step S243: Select the Z-axis amplitude of the tool elliptical vibration according to the machining requirements. A z Z-axis amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to all pixel units A z They are all the same; Step S244: Based on the grating height H corresponding to each pixel unit in step S242 and the Z-axis amplitude in step S243... A z And the following formulas (6) and (7) determine the X-axis amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit. A x : ； ； Wherein, the phase difference in formula (7) .

5. The structural color image processing method with dynamic tool motion trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S200 includes the following steps: Step S210a: Design and manufacture a color wheel composed of color blocks with different hues and brightness, and set a vertical coordinate axis on the color wheel. The vertical axis data is the X-axis amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to color blocks of different brightness. A x The horizontal axis data represents the periodic spacing of the raster corresponding to different hue color blocks. d When machining a color wheel, the nominal cutting speed of the tool v and Z-axis amplitude A z Constant; Step S220a: Compare the hue and brightness of each pixel unit with the color wheel in step S210a to obtain the X-axis amplitude of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit. A x Z-axis amplitude A z And the periodic spacing of the grating corresponding to each pixel unit. d The frequency of the tool ellipse vibration corresponding to each pixel unit is obtained according to the following formula (5). f : 。

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