A composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention provides a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material, comprising the following components by weight: Si 5-8 wt%, Mg 0.2-0.5 wt%, Ti 0.05-0.15 wt%, Mn 0.05-0.08 wt%, Cu 0.05-0.08 wt%, Zn 0.05-0.08 wt%, Fe 0.1-0.16 wt%, a composite ceramic fiber membrane 1-3 wt%, and the balance being Al; wherein the composite ceramic fiber membrane is an Al2O3 / SiC ceramic fiber membrane loaded with rare earth elements. In this invention, the SiC / Al2O3 composite ceramic membrane is used to reinforce the aluminum alloy material. Both the ceramic membrane and the aluminum matrix are continuously distributed in three-dimensional space, interpenetrating, supporting, and permeating each other, resulting in a tight interfacial bond between the grayish-white Al alloy matrix and the SiC / Al2O3 ceramic reinforcing phase, thus improving the mechanical properties of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum alloys, and more specifically to a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Composite materials are new materials created by combining several different materials through a composite process. They possess both the main characteristic properties of the original components and some new properties not found in the original components. There are many ways to classify composite materials, three common methods being: based on the geometric morphology of the reinforcing phase, they can be divided into fiber-reinforced composites, particle-reinforced composites, and sheet-reinforced composites; based on the matrix material, they can be divided into inorganic non-metallic matrix composites, polymer matrix composites (PMC), and metal matrix composites (MMC); and based on the material's function, they can be divided into functional composites and structural composites. MMC not only inherits the high strength and high stiffness of metal matrices, but its emergence also compensates for the poor high-temperature resistance of polymer matrix composites, while overcoming the low plasticity and low toughness problems of ceramic matrix composites. Therefore, MMC can meet the application needs of modern materials in certain high-tech fields. Ceramic-reinforced aluminum matrix composites have great potential in MMC. Ceramic-reinforced aluminum matrix composites are composite materials composed of one or more ceramic phases and aluminum or aluminum alloys. They combine the excellent toughness of aluminum alloys with the high hardness and high modulus of ceramics. At the same time, due to their low manufacturing cost and excellent performance, they have attracted great attention from researchers around the world. In the last decade, ceramic-reinforced aluminum matrix composites have been developing rapidly.

[0003] In currently produced particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, the reinforcing phase is mainly ceramic particles such as SiC, TiC, and Al2O3. These ceramic phases have good wettability with molten aluminum and good interfacial bonding with aluminum, without obvious interfacial delamination, which is beneficial to improving the strength of the composite material. However, under high impact conditions, these ceramics are prone to brittle fracture, forming internal cracks, thereby reducing the overall toughness of the composite part. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problem to be solved: The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material to solve the problem of low toughness of particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites by using composite film reinforcement to improve the toughness of the material.

[0005] Technical solution: A composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0006] Si 5-8wt%

[0007] Mg 0.2-0.5 wt%

[0008] Ti 0.05-0.15wt%

[0009] Mn 0.05-0.08wt%

[0010] Cu 0.05-0.08wt%

[0011] Zn 0.05-0.08wt%

[0012] Fe 0.1-0.16wt%

[0013] Composite ceramic fiber membrane 1-3wt%

[0014] The balance is Al;

[0015] The composite ceramic fiber membrane is a ceramic fiber membrane of Al2O3 / SiC loaded with rare earth elements.

[0016] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Add aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate to nitric acid solution to dissolve. After dissolution, add aluminum isopropoxide. After aluminum isopropoxide dissolves, add aluminum powder. Stir and reflux to react. Then add PVP solution and stir to dissolve evenly to obtain sol spinning solution.

[0018] S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol, mixed and stirred evenly to obtain silicon carbide spinning solution;

[0019] S3. Preparation of parallel electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different propulsion pumps, and the spinnerets are double-point needles bonded side by side for electrospinning to obtain an electrospun membrane.

[0020] S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S3 is immersed in a rare earth metal nitric acid solution and then sintered at high temperature to obtain a ceramic fiber membrane.

[0021] S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is pulverized to a certain area, and then the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane is mixed and melted with Si, Mg, Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Al to obtain composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0022] Preferably, in step S1, the molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide, and aluminum powder is 1:1:2:4, the volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution is 1:1, and the concentration of PVP is 5-10 wt%.

[0023] Preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of PVP to polysilazane in the silicon carbide spinning solution is 1:1.5-2.2, and the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 18-22 wt%.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, the propulsion flow rates of the alumina sol spinning solution and the silicon carbide spinning solution are 1:1.2-1.4, the spinning voltage is 12-15kV, and the receiving distance is 12-16cm.

[0025] Preferably, in step S4, the rare earth metals include cerium nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, praseodymium nitrate, and neodymium nitrate, and the concentration of the nitric acid solution containing the rare earth metals is 3.5-5.5 wt%.

[0026] Preferably, the specific sintering process in step S4 is as follows: calcination at 400-450℃ for 12 hours, calcination at 800℃-900℃ for 100-120 minutes, and calcination at 1300-1400℃ for 90-120 minutes, with a heating rate of 5-10℃ / min for each step.

[0027] Preferably, the area of ​​the ceramic fiber membrane in step S5 is 0.1-0.3 cm². 2 .

[0028] Beneficial effects: The composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. In this invention, SiC / Al2O3 composite ceramic film is used to reinforce aluminum alloy material. The ceramic film and the metal matrix aluminum are continuously distributed in three-dimensional space, interpenetrating, supporting and penetrating each other, so that the interface between the gray-white matrix Al alloy and the ceramic reinforcing phase SiC / Al2O3 is tightly bonded, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the material.

[0030] 2. In this invention, adding rare earth elements to aluminum alloys can improve the as-cast structure of the alloy, refine the grains, and improve the performance of the alloy. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments:

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for preparing composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy materials includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate were dissolved in a 1.5 mol / L nitric acid solution. After dissolution, aluminum isopropoxide was added. After the aluminum isopropoxide dissolved, aluminum powder was added. The molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder was 1:1:2:4. The mixture was stirred and refluxed to obtain aluminum sol. Then, a 5 wt% PVP solution was added. The volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution was 1:1. The mixture was stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain the sol spinning solution.

[0035] S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:1.5. The mixture is stirred evenly and the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 22wt% to obtain silicon carbide spinning solution.

[0036] S3. Preparation of parallel electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different propulsion pumps, and the spinnerets are double-point needles bonded side by side. Electrospinning is performed. The propulsion flow rates of alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are 1:1.2, the spinning voltage is 15kV, and the receiving distance is 12cm. An electrospun membrane is obtained with a porosity of 93.2%.

[0037] S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S3 is immersed in a 3.5wt% lanthanum nitrate solution and then sintered at high temperature. The specific sintering process is as follows: calcined at 450℃ for 12h, calcined at 900℃ for 100min, and calcined at 1400℃ for 90min, with a heating rate of 10℃ / min for each time, to obtain the ceramic fiber membrane.

[0038] S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is pulverized to a size of 0.1 cm². 2 Then, the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane is mixed with other components, including 5 wt% Si, 0.5 wt% Mg, 0.15 wt% Ti, 0.08 wt% Mn, 0.08 wt% Cu, 0.08 wt% Zn, 0.16 wt% Fe, 3 wt% composite ceramic fiber membrane, and the balance being Al. The mixture is melted and poured into the aluminum alloy at a casting temperature of 800℃, an extrusion pressure of 500 MPa, and a holding time of 25 s to obtain a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A method for preparing composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy materials includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate were dissolved in a 1.5 mol / L nitric acid solution. After dissolution, aluminum isopropoxide was added. After the aluminum isopropoxide dissolved, aluminum powder was added. The molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder was 1:1:2:4. The mixture was stirred and refluxed to obtain aluminum sol. Then, a 10 wt% PVP solution was added. The volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution was 1:1. The mixture was stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain the sol spinning solution.

[0042] S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:2.2. The mixture is stirred evenly and the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 18wt% to obtain silicon carbide spinning solution.

[0043] S3. Preparation of parallel electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different propulsion pumps, and the spinnerets are double-point needles bonded side by side. Electrospinning is performed. The propulsion flow rates of alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are 1:1.4, the spinning voltage is 12kV, and the receiving distance is 16cm to obtain an electrospun membrane with a porosity of 95.0%.

[0044] S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S3 is immersed in a 5.5wt% neodymium nitrate solution and then sintered at high temperature. The specific sintering process is as follows: calcined at 400℃ for 12h, calcined at 800℃ for 120min, and calcined at 1300℃ for 120min, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min, to obtain the ceramic fiber membrane.

[0045] S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is pulverized to a size of 0.3 cm². 2 Then, the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane is mixed with other components, including 8 wt% Si, 0.2 wt% Mg, 0.05 wt% Ti, 0.05 wt% Mn, 0.05 wt% Cu, 0.05 wt% Zn, 0.1 wt% Fe, 1 wt% composite ceramic fiber membrane, and the balance being Al. The mixture is melted and poured into the aluminum alloy at a casting temperature of 900℃, an extrusion pressure of 400 MPa, and a holding time of 30 s to obtain a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A method for preparing composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy materials includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate were dissolved in a 1.5 mol / L nitric acid solution. After dissolution, aluminum isopropoxide was added. After the aluminum isopropoxide dissolved, aluminum powder was added. The molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder was 1:1:2:4. The mixture was stirred and refluxed to obtain aluminum sol. Then, a 6 wt% PVP solution was added. The volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution was 1:1. The mixture was stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain the sol spinning solution.

[0049] S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:1.8. The mixture is stirred evenly and the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 19 wt%, thus obtaining silicon carbide spinning solution.

[0050] S3. Preparation of parallel electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different propulsion pumps, and the spinnerets are double-point needles bonded side by side. Electrospinning is performed. The propulsion flow rates of alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are 1:1.2, the spinning voltage is 13kV, and the receiving distance is 15cm. An electrospun membrane is obtained with a porosity of 92.6%.

[0051] S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S3 is immersed in a 5wt% praseodymium nitrate solution and then sintered at high temperature. The specific sintering process is as follows: calcined at 420℃ for 12h, calcined at 880℃ for 115min, and calcined at 1360℃ for 100min, with a heating rate of 9℃ / min, to obtain the ceramic fiber membrane.

[0052] S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is pulverized to a size of 0.2 cm². 2 Then, the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane was mixed with other components, including 7 wt% Si, 0.4 wt% Mg, 0.08 wt% Ti, 0.08 wt% Mn, 0.08 wt% Cu, 0.06 wt% Zn, 0.12 wt% Fe, 1.5 wt% composite ceramic fiber membrane, and the balance being Al. The mixture was melted and cast, and the aluminum alloy was cast at a temperature of 870℃, an extrusion pressure of 440 MPa, and a holding time of 25 s to obtain a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] A method for preparing composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy materials includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate were dissolved in a 1.5 mol / L nitric acid solution. After dissolution, aluminum isopropoxide was added. After the aluminum isopropoxide dissolved, aluminum powder was added. The molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder was 1:1:2:4. The mixture was stirred and refluxed to obtain aluminum sol. Then, a 9 wt% PVP solution was added. The volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution was 1:1. The mixture was stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain the sol spinning solution.

[0056] S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:2.1. The mixture is stirred evenly and the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 21 wt%, thus obtaining silicon carbide spinning solution.

[0057] S3. Preparation of parallel electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different propulsion pumps, and the spinnerets are double-point needles bonded side by side. Electrospinning is performed. The propulsion flow rates of alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are 1:1.4, the spinning voltage is 15kV, and the receiving distance is 14cm. An electrospun membrane is obtained with a porosity of 93.3%.

[0058] S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S3 is immersed in a 4wt% lanthanum nitrate solution and then sintered at high temperature. The specific sintering process is as follows: calcined at 440℃ for 12h, calcined at 840℃ for 105min, and calcined at 1330℃ for 110min, with a heating rate of 6℃ / min, to obtain the ceramic fiber membrane.

[0059] S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is pulverized to a size of 0.3 cm². 2 Then, the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane was mixed with other components, including 6 wt% Si, 0.3 wt% Mg, 0.12 wt% Ti, 0.06 wt% Mn, 0.06 wt% Cu, 0.08 wt% Zn, 0.14 wt% Fe, 2.5 wt% composite ceramic fiber membrane, and the balance being Al. The mixture was melted and cast, and the aluminum alloy was cast at a temperature of 840℃, an extrusion pressure of 480 MPa, and a holding time of 30 s to obtain a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] A method for preparing composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy materials includes the following steps:

[0062] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate were dissolved in a 1.5 mol / L nitric acid solution. After dissolution, aluminum isopropoxide was added. After the aluminum isopropoxide dissolved, aluminum powder was added. The molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder was 1:1:2:4. The mixture was stirred and refluxed to obtain aluminum sol. Then, an 8 wt% PVP solution was added. The volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution was 1:1. The mixture was stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain the sol spinning solution.

[0063] S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:2. The mixture is stirred evenly and the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 20wt% to obtain silicon carbide spinning solution.

[0064] S3. Preparation of parallel electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different propulsion pumps, and the spinnerets are double-point needles bonded side by side. Electrospinning is performed. The propulsion flow rates of alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are 1:1.3, the spinning voltage is 14kV, and the receiving distance is 14cm to obtain an electrospun membrane.

[0065] S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S3 is immersed in a 4.5 wt% cerium nitrate solution and then sintered at high temperature. The specific sintering process is as follows: calcination at 430℃ for 12 h, calcination at 860℃ for 110 min, and calcination at 1350℃ for 105 min, with a heating rate of 8℃ / min, to obtain a ceramic fiber membrane. The porosity of the spun membrane is 93.5%.

[0066] S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is pulverized to a size of 0.2 cm². 2 Then, the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane was mixed with other components, including Si (6.5 wt%), Mg (0.3 wt%), Ti (0.1 wt%), Mn (0.07 wt%), Cu (0.07 wt%), Zn (0.07 wt%), Fe (0.13 wt%), composite ceramic fiber membrane (2 wt%), and Al as the balance. The mixture was melted and cast. The casting temperature of the aluminum alloy was 850℃, the extrusion pressure was 450 MPa, and the holding time was 25 s, to obtain a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] A method for preparing composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy materials includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate were dissolved in a 1.5 mol / L nitric acid solution. After dissolution, aluminum isopropoxide was added. After the aluminum isopropoxide dissolved, aluminum powder was added. The molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder was 1:1:2:4. The mixture was stirred and refluxed to obtain aluminum sol. Then, a 9 wt% PVP solution was added. The volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution was 1:1. The mixture was stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain the sol spinning solution.

[0070] S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:2.1. The mixture is stirred evenly and the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 21 wt%, thus obtaining silicon carbide spinning solution.

[0071] S3. Preparation of parallel electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different propulsion pumps, and the spinnerets are double-point needles bonded side by side. Electrospinning is performed. The propulsion flow rates of alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are 1:1.4, the spinning voltage is 15kV, and the receiving distance is 14cm. An electrospun membrane is obtained with a porosity of 92.5%.

[0072] S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S3 is subjected to high-temperature sintering. The specific sintering process is as follows: calcination at 440℃ for 12h, calcination at 840℃ for 105min, and calcination at 1330℃ for 110min, with a heating rate of 6℃ / min for all of them, to obtain ceramic fiber membrane.

[0073] S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is pulverized to a size of 0.3 cm². 2 Then, the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane was mixed with other components, including 6 wt% Si, 0.3 wt% Mg, 0.10 wt% Ti, 0.08 wt% Mn, 0.08 wt% Cu, 0.08 wt% Zn, 0.14 wt% Fe, 2.5 wt% composite ceramic fiber membrane, and the balance being Al. The mixture was melted and cast, and the aluminum alloy was cast at a temperature of 840℃, an extrusion pressure of 460 MPa, and a holding time of 30 s to obtain a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] A method for preparing composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy materials includes the following steps:

[0076] S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: Aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate were dissolved in a 1.5 mol / L nitric acid solution. After dissolution, aluminum isopropoxide was added. After the aluminum isopropoxide dissolved, aluminum powder was added. The molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder was 1:1:2:4. The mixture was stirred and refluxed to obtain aluminum sol. Then, a 6 wt% PVP solution was added. The volume ratio of nitric acid solution to PVP solution was 1:1. The mixture was stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain the sol spinning solution.

[0077] S2. Preparation of electrospun membrane: Alumina sol spinning solution is electrospun at a flow rate of 4 mL / h, a spinning voltage of 13 kV, and a receiving distance of 15 cm to obtain an electrospun membrane with a porosity of 93.1%.

[0078] S3. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: The electrospun membrane prepared in step S2 is immersed in a 5wt% praseodymium nitrate solution and then sintered at high temperature. The specific sintering process is as follows: calcined at 420℃ for 12h and calcined at 880℃ for 115min, with a heating rate of 9℃ / min, to obtain the ceramic fiber membrane.

[0079] S4. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: The ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S3 is pulverized to a size of 0.2 cm². 2 Then, the pulverized ceramic fiber membrane was mixed with other components, including 7wt% Si, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.08wt% Ti, 0.08wt% Mn, 0.08wt% Cu, 0.06wt% Zn, 0.12wt% Fe, 1.5wt% composite ceramic fiber membrane, and the balance being Al. The mixture was melted and poured into the aluminum alloy at a casting temperature of 870℃, an extrusion pressure of 440MPa, and a holding time of 25s to obtain a composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

[0080] Performance testing: Performance testing at room temperature

[0081] Tensile strength test: The tensile test bar size is 5±0.1mm×25±0.1mm. The test is conducted using a WE-30 hydraulic universal testing machine manufactured by Jinan Material Testing Machine Factory to test the room temperature tensile strength and 300℃ tensile strength of the composite material.

[0082]

[0083] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material, characterized by, Comprise the following ingredients by weight percentage: Si 5-8wt% Mg 0.2-0.5wt% Ti 0.05-0.15wt% Mn 0.05-0.08wt% Cu 0.05-0.08wt% Zn 0.05-0.08wt% Fe 0.1-0.16wt% Composite ceramic fiber membrane 1-3wt% The balance is Al; Wherein the composite ceramic fiber membrane is an Al2O3 / SiC loaded rare earth element ceramic fiber membrane; The preparation method of the composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps: S1. Preparation of alumina sol spinning solution: aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate are added to nitric acid solution for dissolution, then aluminum isopropoxide is added, after the dissolution of aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum powder is added, the molar ratio of aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum powder is 1:1:2:4, after reflux reaction, PVP solution is added, the volume ratio of nitric acid solution and PVP solution is 1:1, the concentration of PVP is 5-10wt%, stirring and dissolving uniformly to obtain the sol spinning solution; S2. Preparation of silicon carbide spinning solution: PVP and polysilazane are added to ethanol, the mass ratio of PVP and polysilazane in the silicon carbide spinning solution is 1:1.5-2.2, the concentration of polysilazane in the spinning solution is 18-22wt%, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the silicon carbide spinning solution; S3. Preparation of parallel electrospinning membrane: alumina sol spinning solution and silicon carbide spinning solution are placed in two different push pumps respectively, double-point needle needle head is used for parallel bonding, electrospinning is carried out to obtain the electrospinning membrane; S4. Preparation of ceramic fiber membrane: the electrospinning membrane prepared in step S3 is soaked in a rare earth metal nitric acid solution, and then high temperature sintering is carried out, the sintering process is: calcination at 400-450℃ for 12h, calcination at 800℃-900℃ for 100-120min, calcination at 1300-1400℃ for 90-120min, the heating rate is 5-10℃ / min, to obtain the ceramic fiber membrane, wherein the rare earth metal includes cerium nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and neodymium nitrate, the concentration of the rare earth metal nitric acid solution is 3.5-5.5wt%; S5. Preparation of composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material: the ceramic fiber membrane prepared in step S4 is crushed to a certain area, then the crushed ceramic fiber membrane is mixed and melted with Si, Mg, Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Al to obtain the composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material.

2. The method for preparing the composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push flow rate of the alumina sol spinning solution and the silicon carbide spinning solution in step S3 is 1:1.2-1.4, the spinning voltage is 12-15kV, and the receiving distance is 12-16cm.

3. The method for preparing the composite ceramic fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of the ceramic fiber membrane in the step S5 is 0.1-0.3 cm 2 .

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