Device and method for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of foamed ceramic preparation equipment, and discloses a device and method for preparing foamed ceramic from waste incineration fly ash, which comprises a pre-drying bin and a plurality of forming bins, the pre-drying bin and the forming bins are connected with conveying devices inside, the pre-drying bin is connected with the plurality of forming bins in a head-to-tail mode, the conveying devices comprise a plurality of conveying rollers rotatably connected with the pre-drying bin and the forming bins, the plurality of conveying rollers are connected through a chain transmission mechanism, one of the conveying rollers is connected with a driving motor connected to the pre-drying bin, a sliding frame is arranged on a conveying pipe, the lower end of the sliding frame is attached to the conveying roller, a mold box is connected to the upper end of the sliding frame, a drying heater is connected to the pre-drying bin, heaters are connected to the forming bins, temperature detectors are fixedly connected to the pre-drying bin and the forming bins, and the temperature detectors are connected with the corresponding drying heaters and heaters; and the device has high practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foamed ceramic preparation equipment technology, specifically an apparatus and method for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash. Background Technology

[0002] Municipal solid waste incineration for power generation has become a new solution to the problem of urban waste accumulation. Data shows that after incineration, the volume of municipal solid waste can be reduced by more than 90%, and its weight by more than 80%. Of the solid waste generated, slag accounts for approximately 15%–17%, and fly ash accounts for approximately 3%–5%, demonstrating a significant volume reduction effect and making it one of the most suitable methods for treating municipal solid waste. However, there are always two sides to every coin. While municipal solid waste incineration projects have played a positive role in waste reduction, the fly ash produced has become a new challenge for environmental protection in some cities. Currently, high-temperature melting is one of the more effective methods for fly ash disposal. In treating fly ash, melting utilizes high temperatures to completely decompose substances such as dioxins in the fly ash. The molten slag is then rapidly cooled to form a dense and stable glassy substance, which not only effectively controls the leaching of heavy metals but also densifies the slag, resulting in a significant volume reduction effect. The molten slag can then be burned into building materials or decorative materials, realizing the resource utilization of fly ash.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN202110684340.0 discloses a formula and method for producing foamed ceramics using waste incineration fly ash as the main component. This invention provides a formula and method for producing foamed ceramics using waste incineration fly ash as the main raw material. This reduces the sintering temperature and energy cost of foamed ceramics, and utilizes the synergistic effect between components to solidify heavy metals in the fly ash, preventing leaching and achieving the harmlessness and resource utilization of the fly ash. During the production process, water consumption can be accurately calculated, and a related material recycling system is adopted, enabling the entire production process to maximize resource and energy conservation, achieve zero emissions, and control the density of the produced ceramic products to meet different needs. The invention also discloses a method for preparing foamed ceramics from fly ash through processes including pretreatment, coarse crushing, batching and initial mixing, fine crushing, powder preparation, material distribution, drying and preheating, and high-temperature firing.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN201921442425.2 discloses an energy-efficient tunnel kiln for firing multi-layer foamed ceramics. By setting a preheating section and a flue gas exhaust section before the high-temperature firing section, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be reduced, extending the life of the flue gas duct and fan. Preheating the raw materials with high-temperature flue gas fully utilizes the thermal energy of the exhaust gas, saving energy. Furthermore, by preheating the raw materials in stages through the flue gas exhaust section and the preheating section, the raw materials heat up according to a predetermined temperature curve, avoiding direct contact between the raw materials and the flame emitted from the burner at a low temperature, which could lead to excessively rapid heating and product defects. However, the following problems still exist in practical applications: 1. Although the process of preparing foamed ceramics from fly ash has been disclosed, there is no corresponding equipment. During the high-temperature firing process of foamed ceramics, the foaming mold cannot be effectively driven, and the foaming mold may even slip. 2. Existing roller kilns can transport foaming molds, but during the transport process, the foaming molds may shift and fail to rotate, resulting in uneven heating of the foaming molds and affecting the quality of foamed ceramics preparation. 3. Although it can recover and utilize the waste heat inside the roller kiln, it cannot effectively remove impurities and dioxins entrained during the heat transfer process. 4. The inside of the roller kiln needs to be divided into a high-temperature zone and a low-temperature zone. The two zones are connected, which leads to heat exchange and affects the temperature stability of different temperature zones, and cannot achieve effective isolation between different temperature zones.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash. It effectively solves the problem of energy exchange in different temperature zones by making secondary use of the waste heat inside the roller kiln, effectively removing substances such as dioxins, and effectively driving the foaming mold.

[0007] This invention relates to an apparatus and method for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash, comprising a pre-drying chamber and several forming chambers. Each pre-drying chamber and forming chamber is connected to a conveying device. The pre-drying chamber is connected to several forming chambers connected end-to-end. The conveying device includes several conveying rollers rotatably connected within the pre-drying chamber and forming chambers. These conveying rollers are connected via a chain drive mechanism. One of the conveying rollers is connected to a drive motor connected to the pre-drying chamber. A sliding frame is mounted on each conveying roller, with the lower end of the sliding frame in contact with the conveying roller, and a mold box connected to the upper end of the sliding frame. The pre-drying chamber is connected to a drying heater, and the forming chamber is also connected to a heater. Temperature detectors are fixedly connected to both the pre-drying chamber and the forming chamber, and the temperature detectors are connected to the corresponding drying heaters and heaters. The upper end of the molding chamber is fixedly connected to two symmetrically distributed exhaust pipes. A four-way pipe is connected between the two exhaust pipes. An activated carbon filter is placed inside the four-way pipe. Several of the four-way pipes are connected by a double-layer heat-insulating pipe. The pre-drying chamber is connected to two symmetrically distributed air inlet pipes at the top. A three-way pipe is connected between the two air inlet pipes. The other end of the three-way pipe is connected to the double-layer insulation pipe. An exhaust fan is fixedly connected inside each of the two air inlet pipes. The exhaust fan is connected to an external power source. The pre-drying chamber and the forming chamber are each connected to several sets of mold limiting structures. The mold limiting structure includes two limiting frames connected to the pre-drying chamber and the forming chamber. The two limiting frames are symmetrically distributed front and back. Several limiting rollers distributed in a U-shape are rotatably connected to each limiting frame. The limiting rollers are tangent to the side of the sliding frame.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting frame and the pre-drying chamber and forming chamber are slidably connected front and rear. The pre-drying chamber and forming chamber are each provided with a sliding storage groove that cooperates with the limiting frame. A hydraulic telescopic rod is connected to one end of the limiting frame near the sliding storage groove. An inverted U-shaped buffer tube is connected between two symmetrical hydraulic telescopic rods. Two symmetrically distributed sliding piston plates are slidably connected coaxially in the middle of the inverted U-shaped buffer tube. The two sliding piston plates are connected by a spring. A buffer piston plate is connected to the side of the sliding piston plate away from the middle of the inverted U-shaped buffer tube by a spring. The upper and lower ends of the limiting rollers on the same limiting frame are coaxially fixedly connected to connecting sprockets, which are connected by chains. One of the connecting sprockets is connected to the drive structure on the limiting frame. The upper end of the limiting frame is rotatably connected to a drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to one of the connecting sprockets via a bevel gear reversing mechanism. The drive shaft and the drive rod rotatably connected to the pre-drying chamber and the forming chamber are slidably connected coaxially. A polygonal groove is provided on the axis of the drive rod. A polygonal sliding block that cooperates with the polygonal groove is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft near the drive rod. The drive rods on the same side are connected via a sprocket transmission mechanism. One of the drive rods is connected to the conveying roller via a sprocket transmission mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding frame and the mold box are rotatably connected, a central shaft is rotatably connected to the sliding frame, and the central shaft and the mold box are connected through a sprocket transmission mechanism. The transfer shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting gear, and the upper end of the limiting frame is fixedly connected to a limiting rack. The connecting gear and the limiting rack mesh with each other. The lower end of the mold box is fixedly connected to a rotating rod that is rotatably connected to the sliding frame. A turbulence blade is coaxially connected to the rotating rod, and the turbulence blade is placed inside the sliding frame.

[0010] Preferably, the molding chambers are symmetrically distributed on the left and right, and the molding chambers are equally divided into high temperature zone and low temperature zone. The high temperature zone and the pre-drying chamber, as well as the high temperature zone and the low temperature zone, are connected by partition isolation devices. The partition isolation device includes a partition frame connected to the molding chamber. The partition frame has an entrance and an exit, and a storage rail. A lifting frame is slidably connected to the storage rail. A lifting sealing plate is slidably connected to the lifting frame. The lifting frame has two symmetrically distributed lifting adjustment rods rotatably connected inside. The lifting adjustment rods are provided with lifting spiral rails. The lifting sealing plate is fixedly connected with sliding pins that cooperate with the lifting spiral rails. The two lifting adjustment rods are connected through a chain transmission mechanism. One of the lifting adjustment rods is connected to an adjustment motor connected to the lower end of the partition frame. The lifting sealing plate has a sliding track inside, and the lifting frame has a sliding sealing plate that slides left and right to cooperate with the sliding track. The upper end of the sliding sealing plate is arc-shaped, and the lower end of the sliding track is arc-shaped. The sliding sealing plate and the lifting frame are connected by a spring. The partition frame has two infrared transmitters that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides. The infrared transmitters are located on the left and right sides of the lifting frame. The partition frame is connected to an infrared receiver that works with the infrared transmitters. The infrared receiver is connected to the regulating motor.

[0011] Preferably, the left ends of the pre-drying chamber, forming chamber, and partitioning frame are all fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed limiting frames, and the right ends of the pre-drying chamber, forming chamber, and partitioning frame are all fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed connectors. Inside each connector, two symmetrically distributed limiting sliding blocks are slidably connected vertically. The side of each limiting sliding block away from the connector is arc-shaped, and the limiting sliding block and the connector are connected by a spring.

[0012] Preferably, a three-way connecting pipe is connected between the four-way pipe and the exhaust pipe. Each three-way connecting pipe has a filter element coaxially connected inside. The filter element is coaxially placed inside the four-way pipe. A disassembly sleeve is coaxially connected to the filter element. The disassembly sleeve is threadedly connected to the three-way connecting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying roller has a driving pattern and the limiting roller has a friction driving pattern. The lower end face and the front and rear sides of the sliding frame are all provided with friction patterns.

[0014] Preferably, an oil inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the inverted U-shaped buffer tube, and the oil inlet pipe is connected to an oil supply pump fixedly connected to the molding chamber. A method for preparing a device for producing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash includes the following steps: Step 1: First, based on the size of the sliding frame, start the oil supply pump to achieve the initial adjustment of the position of the limit frame; Step 2: Next, start the drying heater, heater and drive motor; Step 3: Place the sliding frame, mold box, and foaming material into the pre-drying chamber; Step 4: The rotation of the conveying roller and the limiting roller drives the sliding frame, while the rotation of the turbulence blades agitates the airflow. Step 5: When the sliding frame is transported to the partition frame, the adjusting motor rotates to open the inlet and outlet, and the sliding frame passes through the partition frame; Step six: The sliding frame passes through the pre-drying chamber, the partitioned frame, the high-temperature zone, the partitioned frame again, and the low-temperature zone in sequence to complete the entire foaming and molding process.

[0015] This invention improves upon existing high-temperature firing equipment for foamed ceramics, and has the following beneficial effects: 1. It effectively utilizes the waste heat from the high-temperature firing process, using the waste heat to dry the materials, and at the same time purifies the exhaust gas generated during the high-temperature firing process. 2. By setting up a limit frame, limit rollers, hydraulic telescopic rods, inverted U-shaped buffer tubes, connecting sprockets, drive shafts, and drive rods, the problem of limiting the sliding frame while providing auxiliary drive through the limit rollers is effectively solved. 3. By setting up structures such as connecting gears, limiting racks, rotating rods, and turbulence blades, the problem of uneven temperature distribution inside the molding chamber is effectively solved to ensure uniform heating of the mold box. 4. By setting up partition racks, storage rails, lifting racks, lifting sealing plates, lifting adjustment rods, lifting spiral rails, sliding tracks, and sliding sealing plates, the problem of effectively isolating different temperature zones and ensuring the smooth passage of the sliding rack is solved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the molding chamber and its internal structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the molding chamber of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the molding chamber and its connecting parts according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting frame and its connecting parts of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the four-way pipe of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sliding frame drive structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the partition frame and its connection structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the partition frame and its connecting parts of the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Pre-drying chamber; 2. Forming chamber; 3. Conveyor roller; 4. Sliding frame; 5. Mold box; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Activated carbon filter; 8. Double-layer insulation pipe; 9. Air inlet pipe; 10. T-joint pipe; 11. Limiting frame; 12. Limiting roller; 13. Sliding storage groove; 14. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 15. Inverted U-shaped buffer tube; 16. Sliding piston plate; 17. Buffer piston plate; 18. Connecting sprocket; 19. Drive shaft; 20. Drive rod; 21. Polygonal groove rail; 22. Polygonal sliding block; 23. Central shaft; 24. Connecting gear; 25. Limiting... 26. Gear rack; 27. Rotating rod; 28. Turbine blade; 29. ​​Partition frame; 30. Inlet / outlet; 31. Storage rail; 32. Lifting frame; 33. Lifting sealing plate; 34. Lifting adjusting rod; 35. Lifting spiral rail; 36. Sliding rail; 37. Sliding sealing plate; 38. Infrared transmitter; 39. Infrared receiver; 40. Limiting frame; 41. Connector; 42. Limiting sliding block; 43. T-connector; 44. Impurity removal filter element; 45. Disassembly sleeve; 46. Drive pattern; 47. Friction drive pattern; 48. Friction pattern; 49. Oil inlet pipe; 40. Four-way pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in conjunction with the appendix below. Figures 1 to 11 The detailed description of the embodiments will make this clear. All structural details mentioned in the following embodiments are based on the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] This invention relates to an apparatus and method for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash, comprising a pre-drying chamber 1 and several molding chambers 2. The pre-drying chamber 1 pre-dries the material to be foamed, and the molding chambers 2 provide space for the foaming and molding of the ceramics. Both the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chambers 2 are connected to conveying devices for transporting mold boxes 5 inside the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chambers 2. The pre-drying chamber 1 and the several molding chambers 2 are connected end-to-end to ensure that the material, after preheating and drying in the pre-drying chamber 1, undergoes foaming and molding in the molding chambers 2. The conveying devices include several conveyors rotatably connected to the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chambers 2. The conveying rollers 3 are connected by a chain drive mechanism. The rotation of the conveying rollers 3 enables the conveying of components placed on the upper end of the conveying rollers 3. One of the conveying rollers 3 is connected to a drive motor connected to the pre-drying chamber 1. The rotation of the drive motor drives the several conveying rollers 3 to rotate synchronously. A sliding frame 4 is placed on the conveying roller 3. The lower end of the sliding frame 4 is in contact with the conveying roller 3. A mold box 5 is connected to the upper end of the sliding frame 4. The rotation of the conveying rollers 3 enables the conveying of the sliding frame 4 and the mold box 5. The sliding frame 4 enters from the pre-drying chamber 1 and is conveyed to the next process through the several forming chambers 2. The pre-drying chamber 1 is connected to a drying heater, and the forming chamber 2 is also connected to a heater. The drying heater and the heater are conventional existing heaters, which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The drying heater is used to pre-dry the material entering the pre-drying chamber 1, and at the same time, the heating of the heater is used to maintain the temperature inside the forming chamber 2. Temperature detectors are fixedly connected to both the pre-drying chamber 1 and the forming chamber 2. The temperature detectors are connected to the corresponding drying heaters and heaters, and the temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature inside the pre-drying chamber 1 and the forming chamber 2. The upper end of the molding chamber 2 is fixedly connected to two symmetrically distributed exhaust pipes 6. A four-way pipe 49 is connected between the two exhaust pipes 6. An activated carbon filter 7 is placed inside the four-way pipe 49. The activated carbon filter 7 absorbs and treats the dioxins generated during the high-temperature foaming molding process of the foamed ceramic, preventing the dioxins from being discharged into the outside and polluting the air. At the same time, the exhaust pipes 6 guide the high-temperature gas inside the molding chamber 2, preventing the high-temperature gas from being discharged into the outside at will. Several four-way pipes 49 are connected by a double-layer heat-insulating pipe 8, so that the high-temperature gas in each group of exhaust pipes 6 enters the double-layer heat-insulating pipe 8 after passing through the four-way pipe 49, and is then transported to the subsequent structure. The pre-drying chamber 1 is connected to two symmetrically distributed air inlet pipes 9 at its upper end. A three-way pipe 10 is connected between the two air inlet pipes 9. The other end of the three-way pipe 10 is connected to the double-layer insulation pipe 8. The high-temperature gas entering the double-layer insulation pipe 8 enters the air inlet pipe 9 through the three-way pipe 10, and then enters the pre-drying chamber 1 through the air inlet pipe 9, thereby realizing the recycling of high-temperature gas and improving the waste heat utilization rate. Each of the two air inlet pipes 9 is fixedly connected to an exhaust fan. The exhaust fan is connected to an external power source and exhausts air into the pre-drying chamber 1, thereby ensuring the circulation of gas inside the pre-drying chamber 1 and the forming chamber 2. To limit the sliding frame 4 and ensure its smooth sliding within the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chamber 2, several sets of mold limiting structures are connected inside both the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chamber 2. These mold limiting structures limit the sliding frame 4. Each mold limiting structure includes two limiting frames 11 connected to the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chamber 2, symmetrically distributed front and rear. Several U-shaped limiting rollers 12 are rotatably connected to each limiting frame 11. The limiting rollers 12 are tangent to the sides of the sliding frame 4, clamping and limiting the sliding frame 4. This ensures the sliding frame 4 can slide along the track defined by the limiting rollers 12, thereby ensuring the conveying of the mold box 5 and the material to be foamed.

[0031] In this embodiment, the sliding frame 4, mold box 5, and the material to be foamed are combined and placed inside the pre-drying chamber 1. Then, the drive motor is started, along with the drying heater, the heater, and the temperature sensor, to bring the temperature inside the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chamber 2 to the required level. The drive motor rotates, causing several conveying rollers 3 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the conveying rollers 3 causes the sliding frame 4 to slide. The sliding of the sliding frame 4 causes the mold box 5 and the material to be foamed to slide synchronously, allowing the mold box 5 to enter the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chamber 2 in sequence, thereby achieving pre-drying and foaming of the material. At the same time, the limiting frame 11 and the limiting roller 12 limit the sliding frame 4 to ensure that the sliding frame 4 can slide smoothly inside the pre-drying chamber 1 and the molding chamber 2 without deviating from the track.

[0032] To accommodate different sizes of sliding frames 4 and mold boxes 5, the position of the limiting frame 11 can be adjusted to ensure that the limiting roller 12 can clamp and limit sliding frames 4 of different sizes. The limiting frame 11 is slidably connected to the pre-drying chamber 1 and the forming chamber 2. Both the pre-drying chamber 1 and the forming chamber 2 have sliding storage grooves 13 that cooperate with the limiting frame 11. Through the sliding connection of the limiting frame 11, the distance between the two symmetrical limiting frames 11 can be adjusted, while simultaneously ensuring that the limiting frame 11 effectively clamps the sliding frame 4. A hydraulic telescopic rod 14 is connected to one end of the limiting frame 11 near the sliding storage groove 13, which enables the limiting roller 12 to clamp the sliding frame 4. The telescopic adjustment of the limiting frame 11 is achieved by connecting the two symmetrical hydraulic telescopic rods 14 with an inverted U-shaped buffer tube 15. Two symmetrically distributed sliding piston plates 16 are coaxially slidably connected at the middle position of the inverted U-shaped buffer tube 15. The two sliding piston plates 16 are connected by a spring. Each sliding piston plate is connected to a buffer piston plate 17 by a spring on the side away from the middle position of the inverted U-shaped buffer tube 15. During the sliding process of the slide frame 4, the two opposing limiting frames 11 slide adaptively, and at the same time, the hydraulic telescopic rods 14 slide, causing the two buffer piston plates 17 and the two sliding piston plates 16 to slide in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the synchronous reverse sliding of the limiting frames 11 on both sides, thus adapting to slide frames 4 of different sizes. To prevent the conveying roller 3 from slipping during the limiting process of the sliding frame 4, which could lead to untimely conveying or even slipping of the sliding frame 4, the upper and lower ends of the limiting roller 12 on the same limiting frame 11 are coaxially fixedly connected to connecting sprockets 18. The connecting sprockets 18 are connected by chains, and one of the connecting sprockets 18 is connected to a drive structure on the limiting frame 11. The drive structure drives the connecting sprockets 18, and the rotation of the connecting sprockets 18 drives the limiting roller 12 to rotate synchronously. Thus, while the sliding frame 4 is conveyed by the conveying roller 3, the rotation of the limiting roller 12 provides auxiliary drive for the sliding frame 4, thereby preventing slippage of the sliding frame 4 and enabling the limiting roller 12 to both limit and drive the sliding frame 4. To effectively drive the limiting rollers 12, a drive shaft 19 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the limiting frame 11. The drive shaft 19 is connected to one of the connecting sprockets 18 via a bevel gear reversing mechanism. The rotation of the drive shaft 19 drives the corresponding connecting sprocket 18 to rotate, and the rotation of the connecting sprocket 18 drives several limiting rollers 12 to rotate. The drive shaft 19 and the drive rod 20, which is rotatably connected to the pre-drying chamber 1 and the forming chamber 2, are coaxially slidably connected. The rotation of the drive rod 20 drives the synchronous rotation of the drive shaft 19. To ensure effective driving of the drive shaft 19 during the sliding process of the limiting frame 11, a polygonal groove 21 is provided on the axis of the drive rod 20. The drive shaft 19 is close to the drive rod 20. One end is coaxially fixedly connected to a polygonal sliding block 22 that cooperates with the polygonal groove rail 21. Through the cooperation of the polygonal groove rail 21 and the polygonal sliding block, a coaxial sliding connection is achieved between the drive shaft rod 19 and the drive rod 20. The drive rods 20 on the same side are connected by a sprocket transmission mechanism. One of the drive rods 20 is connected to the conveying roller 3 by a sprocket transmission mechanism, ensuring that the drive rod 20 rotates synchronously during the rotation of the conveying roller 3. This, in turn, drives the drive shaft rod 19 to rotate during the conveying of the sliding frame 4, thereby driving the limiting roller 12. This ensures that the limiting roller 12 rotates synchronously while the conveying roller 3 is being driven, thus achieving synchronous conveying of the sliding frame 4 through the conveying roller 3 and the limiting roller 12.

[0033] To ensure that the mold box 5 is heated evenly and effectively in all directions and to avoid uneven heating in some areas, the sliding frame 4 and the mold box 5 are rotatably connected. A central rotating shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 4. The central rotating shaft 23 and the mold box 5 are connected through a sprocket transmission mechanism. The rotation of the central rotating shaft 23 drives the mold box 5 to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving uniform heating of the mold box 5 in the pre-drying chamber 1 and the forming chamber 2. The central shaft 23 is coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting gear 24. The rotation of the connecting gear 24 drives the central shaft 23 to rotate synchronously. The upper end of the limiting frame 11 is fixedly connected to a limiting rack 25. The connecting gear 24 and the limiting rack 25 mesh with each other. During the sliding process of the sliding frame 4, the connecting gear 24 is driven to slide synchronously. At the same time, the connecting gear 24 rotates due to the limitation of the limiting rack 25. The rotation of the connecting gear 24 drives the central shaft 23 to rotate. The rotation of the central shaft 23 drives the mold box 5 to rotate through the sprocket transmission mechanism, thereby ensuring that the mold box 5 is heated evenly from all directions. To ensure uniform temperature distribution inside the preheating and drying chamber and the forming chamber 2, and to ensure uniform airflow distribution, a rotating rod 26 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mold box 5 and rotatably connected to the sliding frame 4. A turbulence blade 27 is coaxially connected to the rotating rod 26. The turbulence blade 27 is placed inside the sliding frame 4. When the rotating rod 26 rotates, it drives the turbulence blade 27 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the turbulence blade 27 achieves turbulence of the airflow.

[0034] During the pre-drying and foaming molding process, due to the different temperatures of each part, in order to avoid heat flow between parts and cause temperature instability, this embodiment provides a structure to avoid heat outflow and ensure relatively stable temperatures of each part. Specifically, several molding chambers 2 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides. The molding chambers 2 are divided into high-temperature zones and low-temperature zones. The molding chambers 2 on the left side are high-temperature zones, and the molding chambers 2 on the right side are low-temperature zones. In order to isolate the high-temperature zones, low-temperature zones, and the high-temperature zones from the pre-drying chamber 1, partition isolation devices are connected between the high-temperature zones and the pre-drying chamber 1, and between the high-temperature zones and the low-temperature zones. The partition isolation device includes a partition frame 28 connected to the molding chamber 2. The partition frame 28 has an inlet and outlet 29 inside. The sliding frame 4 passes through the partition frame 28 through the inlet and outlet 29. The partition frame 28 has a storage rail 30 inside. The storage rail 30 is slidably connected to a lifting frame 31 inside. The lifting frame 31 is slidably connected to a lifting sealing plate 32 inside. The lifting sealing plate 32 moves up and down inside the lifting frame 31. The lifting frame 31 has two symmetrically distributed lifting adjustment rods 33 rotatably connected inside. The lifting adjustment rods 33 are provided with lifting spiral rails 34. The lifting sealing plate 32 is fixedly connected with a sliding pin that cooperates with the lifting spiral rails 34. During the rotation of the lifting adjustment rods 33, the lifting sealing plate 32 slides up and down under the limiting action of the lifting spiral rails 34 and the sliding pin. The two lifting adjustment rods 33 are connected through a chain transmission mechanism. One of the lifting adjustment rods 33 is connected to an adjustment motor connected to the lower end of the partition frame 28. The rotation of the adjustment motor realizes the effective driving of the two lifting adjustment rods 33. To ensure that the sliding frame 4 can smoothly pass through the partition frame 28, and to ensure that the lifting frame 31 and the lifting sealing plate 32 are effectively housed inside the storage rail 30 while the entrance / exit 29 is open, and to seal the entrance / exit 29 during the lifting process of the lifting sealing plate 32 and the lifting frame 31, a sliding rail 35 is provided inside the lifting sealing plate 32. A sliding sealing plate 36 that cooperates with the sliding rail 35 is slidably connected left and right inside the lifting frame 31. The sliding sealing plate 36 can be housed inside the sliding rail 35. The upper end of the sliding sealing plate 36... The sliding track 35 has an arc-shaped surface and an arc-shaped opening at its lower end. The sliding sealing plate 36 and the lifting frame 31 are connected by a spring. During the descent of the lifting sealing plate 32, the sliding sealing plate 36 is housed inside the sliding track 35. When the lifting sealing plate 32 rises to its highest position, the sliding sealing plate 36 slides out of the sliding track 35. At the same time, under the action of the spring, the sliding sealing plate 36 slides to a state that fits against the entrance / exit 29. Thus, the entrance / exit 29 is sealed by the lifting sealing plate 32 and the sliding sealing plate 36, preventing energy exchange between the various parts. The partition frame 28 is internally connected to two symmetrically distributed infrared emitters 37, which are located on the left and right sides of the lifting frame 31. The partition frame 28 is connected to an infrared receiver 38 that works in conjunction with the infrared emitters 37. The infrared receiver is connected to the regulating motor. The position of the sliding frame 4 is sensed by the two sets of infrared emitters 37 and infrared receivers 38, ensuring that the entrance 29 is open when the sliding frame 4 enters the partition frame 28 and closed when the sliding frame 4 leaves the partition frame 28.

[0035] To achieve effective connection between the various parts, the left ends of the pre-drying chamber 1, forming chamber 2, and partition rack 28 are all fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed limiting frames 39, and the right ends of the pre-drying chamber 1, forming chamber 2, and partition rack 28 are all fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed connectors 40. Two symmetrically distributed limiting sliding blocks 41 are slidably connected inside each connector 40. The side of each limiting sliding block 41 away from the connector 40 is arc-shaped. The limiting sliding block 41 and the connector 40 are connected by a spring. The connector 40 is placed inside the limiting frame 39, and the connection between the limiting frame 39 and the connector 40 is achieved by the raising and lowering of the limiting sliding block 41, ensuring effective connection between the various parts.

[0036] During the foaming and molding process of the raw materials, some impurities are generated and mixed in with the hot airflow. In order to effectively purify the exhaust airflow, a three-way connecting pipe 42 is connected between the four-way pipe 49 and the exhaust pipe 6. A filter element 43 is coaxially connected inside the three-way connecting pipe 42. The filter element 43 is coaxially placed inside the four-way pipe 49. A disassembly sleeve 44 is coaxially connected to the filter element 43. The disassembly sleeve 44 is threadedly connected to the three-way connecting pipe 42. The filter element 43 can be replaced by disassembling the disassembly sleeve 44.

[0037] In order to ensure effective driving of the sliding frame 4, the conveying roller 3 is provided with driving patterns 45, and the limiting roller 12 is provided with friction driving patterns 46. The slide frame 4 has friction patterns 47 on its lower end face and front and rear sides. The friction between the conveying roller 3, the limiting roller 12 and the slide frame 4 is increased by the cooperation of the driving pattern 45, the friction driving pattern 46 and the friction pattern 47, thereby ensuring the effective driving of the slide frame 4.

[0038] In order to achieve initial adjustment of the positions of the two limiting frames 11 and ensure that the limiting frames 11 effectively limit the sliding frames 4 of different sizes, an oil inlet pipe 48 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the inverted U-shaped buffer tube 15. The oil inlet pipe 48 is connected to an oil supply pump fixedly connected to the molding chamber 2. The oil supply pump supplies oil to the oil inlet pipe 48, thereby achieving initial adjustment of the initial position of the limiting frame 11.

[0039] A method for preparing a device for producing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash includes the following steps: Step 1: First, based on the size of the sliding frame 4, start the oil supply pump to achieve the initial adjustment of the position of the limit frame 11; Step 2: Next, start the drying heater, heater and drive motor; Step 3: Place the sliding frame 4, mold box 5, and the material to be foamed into the pre-drying chamber 1; Step 4: The rotation of the conveying roller 3 and the limiting roller 12 drives the sliding frame 4, while the rotation of the turbulence blade 27 agitates the airflow. Step 5: When the sliding frame 4 is transported to the partition frame 28, the adjusting motor rotates to open the inlet / outlet 29, and the sliding frame 4 passes through the partition frame 28; Step six: The sliding frame 4 passes through the pre-drying chamber 1, the partition frame 28, the high temperature zone, the partition frame 28 and the low temperature zone in sequence to complete the entire foaming molding process.

[0040] This invention improves upon existing foamed ceramic molding devices by incorporating structures such as activated carbon filters, exhaust pipes, inlet pipes, and double-layer insulation pipes. These improvements effectively address the issue of recycling heat from the molding heating process into the pre-drying equipment, thus improving energy efficiency. Furthermore, the invention effectively limits the movement of the sliding frame by incorporating structures such as limit frames, limit rollers, hydraulic telescopic rods, connecting sprockets, drive shafts, and drive rods. Finally, the invention effectively isolates different temperature zones by incorporating partition frames, storage rails, lifting sealing plates, and lifting frames. This invention possesses high versatility.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash, comprising a pre-drying chamber (1) and several forming chambers (2), characterized in that, The pre-drying chamber (1) and the forming chamber (2) are both connected to a conveying device. The pre-drying chamber (1) is connected to a number of forming chambers (2) connected end to end. The conveying device includes a number of conveying rollers (3) rotatably connected in the pre-drying chamber (1) and the forming chamber (2). The number of conveying rollers (3) are connected by a chain drive mechanism. One of the conveying rollers (3) is connected to a drive motor connected to the pre-drying chamber (1). A sliding frame (4) is placed on the conveying roller (3). The lower end of the sliding frame (4) is in contact with the conveying roller (3). A mold box (5) is connected to the upper end of the sliding frame (4). The pre-drying chamber (1) is connected to a drying heater, and the forming chamber (2) is connected to a heater. The pre-drying chamber (1) and the forming chamber (2) are both fixedly connected to a temperature detector, and the temperature detector is connected to the corresponding drying heater and heater. The upper end of the molding chamber (2) is fixedly connected to two symmetrically distributed exhaust pipes (6), and a four-way pipe (49) is connected between the two exhaust pipes (6). An activated carbon filter (7) is placed inside the four-way pipe (49), and several of the four-way pipes (49) are connected by a double-layer heat-insulating pipe (8). The pre-drying chamber (1) is connected to two symmetrically distributed air inlet pipes (9) at the top. A three-way pipe (10) is connected between the two air inlet pipes (9). The other end of the three-way pipe (10) is connected to the double-layer insulation pipe (8). An exhaust fan is fixedly connected inside each of the two air inlet pipes (9). The exhaust fan is connected to an external power source. The pre-drying chamber (1) and the forming chamber (2) are each connected to a number of mold limiting structures. The mold limiting structure includes two limiting frames (11) connected to the pre-drying chamber (1) and the forming chamber (2). The two limiting frames (11) are symmetrically distributed front and back. Each limiting frame (11) is rotatably connected to a number of U-shaped limiting rollers (12). The limiting rollers (12) are tangent to the side of the sliding frame (4).

2. The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting frame (11) and the pre-drying chamber (1) and forming chamber (2) are slidably connected in front and behind. The pre-drying chamber (1) and forming chamber (2) are both provided with sliding storage grooves (13) that cooperate with the limiting frame (11). The limiting frame (11) is connected to a hydraulic telescopic rod (14) at one end near the sliding storage groove (13). The two hydraulic telescopic rods (14) are symmetrically connected in front and behind and connected to an inverted U-shaped buffer tube (15). The inverted U-shaped buffer tube (15) is slidably connected in the middle position with two symmetrically distributed sliding piston plates (16). The two sliding piston plates (16) are connected by a spring. The side of the sliding piston plate (16) away from the middle position of the inverted U-shaped buffer tube (15) is connected to a buffer piston plate (17) by a spring. The upper and lower ends of the limiting rollers (12) on the same limiting frame (11) are coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting sprockets (18), which are connected by chains. One of the connecting sprockets (18) is connected to the drive structure connected to the limiting frame (11). The upper end of the limiting frame (11) is rotatably connected to a drive shaft (19). The drive shaft (19) is connected to one of the connecting sprockets (18) through a bevel gear reversing mechanism. The drive shaft (19) and the drive rod (20) rotatably connected to the pre-drying chamber (1) and the forming chamber (2) are slidably connected coaxially. The drive rod (20) has a polygonal groove (21) on its axis. The drive shaft (19) is coaxially fixedly connected to a polygonal sliding block (22) that cooperates with the polygonal groove (21) at one end near the drive rod (20). The drive rods (20) on the same side are connected through a sprocket transmission mechanism. One of the drive rods (20) and the conveying roller (3) are connected through a sprocket transmission mechanism.

3. The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding frame (4) and the mold box (5) are rotatably connected. A central shaft (23) is rotatably connected to the sliding frame (4). The central shaft (23) and the mold box (5) are connected through a sprocket transmission mechanism. The transfer shaft (23) is coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting gear (24), and the upper end of the limiting frame (11) is fixedly connected to a limiting rack (25). The connecting gear (24) and the limiting rack (25) mesh with each other. The lower end of the mold box (5) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (26) that is rotatably connected to the sliding frame (4). A turbulence blade (27) is coaxially connected to the rotating rod (26), and the turbulence blade (27) is placed inside the sliding frame (4).

4. The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 3, characterized in that, The molding chambers (2) are divided into high temperature zone and low temperature zone. The high temperature zone and the pre-drying chamber (1) are connected by partition isolation devices, and the high temperature zone and the low temperature zone are connected by partition isolation devices. The partition isolation devices include partition racks (28) connected to the molding chambers (2). The partition racks (28) have an entrance and exit (29) inside. The partition racks (28) have a storage rail (30) inside. The storage rails (30) have a lifting frame (31) that slides up and down inside. The lifting frame (31) has a lifting sealing plate (32) that slides up and down inside. The lifting frame (31) is rotatably connected to two symmetrically distributed lifting adjustment rods (33). The lifting adjustment rods (33) are provided with lifting spiral rails (34). The lifting sealing plate (32) is fixedly connected with a sliding pin that cooperates with the lifting spiral rails (34). The two lifting adjustment rods (33) are connected through a chain transmission mechanism. One of the lifting adjustment rods (33) is connected to an adjustment motor connected to the lower end of the partition frame (28). The lifting sealing plate (32) is provided with a sliding track (35) inside. The lifting frame (31) is slidably connected to a sliding sealing plate (36) that cooperates with the sliding track (35). The upper end of the sliding sealing plate (36) is arc-shaped, and the lower end of the sliding track (35) is arc-shaped. The sliding sealing plate (36) and the lifting frame (31) are connected by a spring. The partition frame (28) is fixedly connected to two infrared emitters (37) that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides. The infrared emitters (37) are distributed on the left and right sides of the lifting frame (31). The partition frame (28) is connected to an infrared receiver (38) that cooperates with the infrared emitters (37). The infrared receiver (38) is connected to the regulating motor.

5. The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 4, characterized in that, The left ends of the pre-drying chamber (1), the forming chamber (2), and the partition frame (28) are all fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed limiting frames (39). The right ends of the pre-drying chamber (1), the forming chamber (2), and the partition frame (28) are all fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed connectors (40). Inside the connector (40), two symmetrically distributed limiting sliding blocks (41) are slidably connected up and down. The side of the limiting sliding block (41) away from the connector (40) is arc-shaped. The limiting sliding block (41) and the connector (40) are connected by a spring.

6. The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, A three-way connecting pipe (42) is connected between the four-way pipe (49) and the exhaust pipe (6). A filter element (43) is coaxially connected inside the three-way connecting pipe (42). The filter element (43) is coaxially placed inside the four-way pipe (49). A disassembly sleeve (44) is coaxially connected to the filter element (43). The disassembly sleeve (44) and the three-way connecting pipe (42) are threaded together.

7. The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying roller (3) is provided with a driving pattern (45), and the limiting roller (12) is provided with a friction driving pattern (46). The sliding frame (4) has friction patterns (47) on its lower end face and front and rear sides.

8. The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inverted U-shaped buffer tube (15) is fixedly connected to an oil inlet pipe (48) at the middle position, and the oil inlet pipe (48) is connected to an oil supply pump fixedly connected to the molding chamber (2).

9. A method for preparing a device for producing foamed ceramics from waste incineration fly ash, characterized in that, The apparatus for preparing foamed ceramics using waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 8 includes the following steps: Step 1: First, based on the size of the sliding frame (4), start the oil supply pump to achieve the initial adjustment of the position of the limit frame (11); Step 2: Next, start the drying heater, heater and drive motor; Step 3: Place the sliding frame (4), mold box (5) and the material to be foamed into the pre-drying chamber (1); Step 4: The rotation of the conveying roller (3) and the limiting roller (12) drives the sliding frame (4), while the rotation of the turbulence blade (27) agitates the airflow. Step 5: When the sliding frame (4) is transported to the partition frame (28), the regulating motor rotates, the inlet / outlet (29) opens, and the sliding frame (4) passes through the partition frame (28); Step six, the sliding frame (4) passes through the pre-drying chamber (1), the partition frame (28), the high temperature zone, the partition frame (28) and the low temperature zone in sequence to complete the entire foaming molding process.

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