A wind wave current sea ice coupling experimental device and experimental method based on a piston chamber wave generation method

Abstract

The application provides a wind wave current sea ice coupling experiment device and experiment method based on a wave-making method, and belongs to the field of ship and ocean engineering experiments. The application solves the problem that the existing scheme cannot meet the requirements of wind wave current sea ice coupling experiments. The experiment device comprises a wind-making system, a wave-making system, a current-making system and a wave-absorbing device. The wind-making system and the wave-making system are arranged on the same side of the outside of an elongated ice water pool. The wave-absorbing devices are arranged on the two sides of the inside of the elongated ice water pool. The current-making system is arranged in the center of the elongated ice water pool along the length direction. The current-making system comprises a jet pipe, a flow partition plate and a bidirectional current-making pump. The number of the bidirectional current-making pump is two. The two bidirectional current-making pumps are arranged on the left and right sides of the flow partition plate. The device is mainly used for wind wave current sea ice coupling experiments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shipbuilding and marine engineering experiments, and in particular relates to an experimental device and method for wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling based on the box-shaped wave generation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the gradual melting of sea ice, polar research has gained increasing attention both domestically and internationally. The polar regions contain over 22% of the world's oil and natural gas reserves, making them a crucial future energy and resource base. Furthermore, the opening of the Arctic shipping routes has reduced voyages by at least one-third, significantly decreasing shipping time and improving efficiency. To develop Arctic resources and shipping routes, countries have intensified their research and development efforts on polar vessels and floating structures. The extreme load conditions in the polar environment also present many complex mechanical problems. Compared to conventional sea areas, research on the unique sea ice loads in the polar regions is particularly important. The average thickness of Arctic sea ice can reach 3 meters, posing significant challenges to polar vessels and equipment. To improve the transportation efficiency of polar equipment, research on the coupling of wind, wave, and current loads with sea ice, resulting in sea ice damage and structural response, is urgently needed.

[0003] Sea ice encountered by polar ships during icebreaking navigation can be classified into two types based on its surface characteristics: smooth ice and deformed ice. Civilian ships primarily target layered ice. To improve the icebreaking efficiency of merchant ships on the Arctic shipping route, thereby enhancing their economic benefits and promoting the development and utilization of the Arctic shipping route, research on layered ice is indispensable.

[0004] Existing research lacks experimental setups for observing the dynamic response of layer ice under simulated wind-wave-current-sea-ice coupling conditions in elongated ice-water pools. The current-generating area of ​​a square ice-water pool is typically only 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the pool width, allowing for the backflow of currents generated by the current generator in the non-current-generating area and rotation at the far end of the experiment. Figure 13 As shown. However, for long and narrow towed pools, the flow generation area usually needs to be equal to or slightly smaller than the pool width. Traditional long towed pools cannot meet the requirements of wind, wave, current and sea ice coupling experiments.

[0005] Chinese patent CN114910249A discloses an experimental apparatus for the dynamic coupling of wind, waves, current, and sea ice, as well as an experimental method for sea ice drift and deposition. It primarily targets the observation of the dynamic response of marine engineering structures under the coupling conditions of wind, waves, current, and sea ice in a square water tank. The current generation method employed is a conventional external circulation method, which is not suitable for generating current in slender ice-water tanks. The use of a rocking plate for wave generation is also insufficient to simulate the actual coupling of waves and currents. Furthermore, its experimental targets are mainly for analyzing the drift and deposition of ice fragments, and it is not suitable for the damage and fracture analysis of large-sized sea ice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an experimental device and method for wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling based on the wave-generating method of the shovel, in order to solve the problem that the existing schemes cannot meet the requirements of wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experiments.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an experimental device for wind-wave-current-sea-ice coupling based on the box-flush wave generation method, comprising a wind-generating system, a wave-generating system, a current-generating system, and a wave-damping device. The wind-generating system and the wave-generating system are both located on the outside of the same side of a long and narrow ice-water pool. Wave-damping devices are provided on both sides inside the long and narrow ice-water pool. The current-generating system is located in the center of the long and narrow ice-water pool along its length. The current-generating system includes a jet manifold, a baffle plate, and two bidirectional current-generating pumps. The two bidirectional current-generating pumps are respectively located on the left and right sides of the baffle plate. The flow outlet of each bidirectional current-generating pump is located on the upper and lower sides of the baffle plate. Each flow outlet of the bidirectional current-generating pump is connected to a jet manifold. The wave-generating system is a box-flush wave generator, and the box of the box-flush wave generator is located above the two bidirectional current-generating pumps.

[0008] Furthermore, the main jet pipe is equipped with several jet nozzles.

[0009] Furthermore, each flow inlet of the bidirectional flow pump is connected to the main jet pipe via a flow pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the punch box is connected to the drive motor via multiple connecting rods.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive motor is connected to the top of the bracket, and the bottom of the bracket is connected to the outside of the elongated ice water pool.

[0012] Furthermore, the air generation system includes a fan, a dual-directional grille, and an adjustable fan base. Both the fan and the dual-directional grille are mounted on the adjustable fan base. The dual-directional grille is located in front of the fan outlet, and the adjustable fan base is connected to a slender ice water pool.

[0013] Furthermore, the dual-adjustable grille includes a longitudinal angle adjuster, multiple longitudinal blades, a transverse angle adjuster, and multiple transverse blades, with the multiple transverse blades connected to the transverse angle adjuster and the multiple longitudinal blades connected to the longitudinal angle adjuster.

[0014] Furthermore, the wave-damping device includes a bottom slide rail, a vertical slide rail, pulleys, and a wave-damping plate. The bottom slide rail is connected to the bottom surface of the elongated ice water pool, the vertical slide rail is connected to the side wall of the elongated ice water pool, and the two sides of the wave-damping plate are connected to the bottom slide rail and the vertical slide rail respectively through pulleys.

[0015] Furthermore, the wave-damping plate is made of composite material, and the bottom slide rail and vertical slide rail are made of alloy steel.

[0016] This invention also provides an experimental method for a wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method, which includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Install the experimental setup, with the uppermost part of the flow-generating system 10cm away from the still water surface;

[0018] Step 2: Place the ice layer, which is 5mm thick. The left side of the ice layer should be 1.5-2.5m away from the rightmost accessible side of the punch box.

[0019] Step 3: Turn on the ventilation system and adjust the left and right wind directions and up and down wind directions, with a wind speed of 2-10 m / s;

[0020] Step 4: Turn on the two bidirectional flow pumps. The two bidirectional flow pumps will push and suck the water respectively, generating a flow direction that is the same as or opposite to the wave direction. The water flow will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the baffle plate to form an internal circulation flow. Adjust the power of the bidirectional flow pumps to control the flow velocity between 0.02-0.2m / s to simulate the polar flow field.

[0021] Step 5: Turn on the wave-generating system, adjust the power and intensity of the wave-generating system, and then control the wave height and wavelength, keeping the wave height within 0.1m and the wavelength between 1.5-2m;

[0022] Step 6: Adjust the wave-damping device until at least 85% of the waves are eliminated;

[0023] Step 7: Record experimental data, collect experimental images, and observe the fracture length and damage pattern of the ice layer.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experiments suitable for elongated ice-water pools. It can generate wind and waves using a wind-generating system and a wave generator, and generate current using an internal circulation-type flow-generating system, thereby completing the coupling of wind-wave-current and sea ice in the ice-water pool and observing the dynamic response of the sea ice structure.

[0025] The specific advantages are as follows:

[0026] 1. It fills the gap in the existing elongated ice-water pool for simulating the dynamic response of layer ice under the coupled conditions of wind, wave and current-sea ice.

[0027] 2. Using internal circulation to generate current can ensure the uniformity and continuity of the ocean current during the experiment and reduce the influence of the outside of the ice-water pool.

[0028] 3. The internal circulation flow generation uses a bidirectional thrust pump, which can realize bidirectional flow generation and simulate various working conditions.

[0029] 4. An internal circulation flow generation method is adopted, which uses baffles to achieve vertical circulation flow generation. This method requires less space and overcomes the limitation of existing lateral circulation flow generation methods, which are only applicable to square ice water pools. It also solves the problem of inconvenient flow generation in long and narrow ice water pools.

[0030] 5. By using the wave-generating method of the flushing box, the waves on the upper part of the baffle plate can be retained, simulating the mutual interference and coupling between waves and currents under actual conditions, thus reducing experimental errors.

[0031] 6. The air generation system adopts a detachable dual-directional grid, which makes it easy to control the air direction and simulate various working conditions.

[0032] 7. The wave damping system uses a sliding rail device with adjustable angle, which facilitates the experiment. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air generation system described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-directional grid structure described in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal direction of the wind, wave, and current described in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical direction of the wind, wave, and current described in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wave generation system structure described in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow generation system structure described in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of wave-current coupling when using a rocker wave generator as described in this invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of wave-current coupling when using a wave generator with a punch box as described in this invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the wave-damping device described in this invention;

[0044] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the wave-damping plate structure described in this invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the layer ice damage state described in this invention;

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the existing square ice water pool flow generation method described in this invention.

[0047] In the diagram: 1: Air generation system, 2: Wave generation system, 3: Flow generation system, 4: Wave damping device, 5: Ice layer, 6: Slender ice water pool, 7: Square ice water pool, 8: Flow generator, 9: Flow generation test section, 10: Return flow, 1-1: Fan, 1-2: Double-direction grid, 1-3: Adjustable fan base, 1-2-1: Longitudinal angle adjuster, 1-2-2: Longitudinal blade, 1-2-3: Lateral angle adjuster, 1-2-4: Lateral blade, 2-1: Drive motor, 2-2: Flushing box, 2-3: Connecting rod, 2-4: Support, 3-1: Jet main pipe, 3-2: Baffle plate, 3-3: Bidirectional flow pump, 3-4: Flow pipe, 3-5: Jet nozzle, 4-1: Bottom slide rail, 4-2: Vertical slide rail, 4-3: Pulley, 4-4: Wave damping plate. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0049] See Figure 1-12 This embodiment describes a wind-wave-current-sea-ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method. It includes a wind-generating system 1, a wave-generating system 2, a current-generating system 3, and a wave-damping device 4. The wind-generating system 1 and the wave-generating system 2 are both located on the outside of the same side of the elongated ice-water pool 6. Wave-damping devices 4 are provided on both sides inside the elongated ice-water pool 6. The current-generating system 3 is located in the center of the elongated ice-water pool 6 along its length and is fixed to the bottom of the elongated ice-water pool 6 by screws.

[0050] The flow-generating system 3 includes a main jet pipe 3-1, a baffle plate 3-2, and two bidirectional flow-generating pumps 3-3. The two bidirectional flow-generating pumps 3-3 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the baffle plate 3-2. The flow inlets of each bidirectional flow-generating pump 3-3 are located on the upper and lower sides of the baffle plate 3-2. Each flow inlet of the bidirectional flow-generating pump 3-3 is connected to a main jet pipe 3-1. The baffle plate 3-2 isolates the flow near the water surface from the flow near the bottom of the elongated ice water pool 6, preventing mutual interference. Preferably, the main jet pipe 3-1 is equipped with several jet nozzles 3-5, and each flow inlet of the bidirectional flow-generating pump 3-3 is connected to the main jet pipe 3-1 via a flow pipe 3-4.

[0051] The wave-generating system 2 is a wave-generating box machine. The wave-generating box 2-2 is located above two bidirectional flow-generating pumps 3-3. It uses a wave-generating box method and includes the wave-generating box 2-2, a drive motor 2-1, connecting rods 2-3, and a support 2-4. The wave-generating box 2-2 is connected to the drive motor 2-1 via multiple connecting rods 2-3. The drive motor 2-1 is connected to the top of the support 2-4, and the bottom of the support 2-4 is connected to the outside of the elongated ice-water pool 6. By changing the frequency and power of the drive motor 2-1, the moving speed and intensity of the wave-generating box 2-2 are changed, thereby controlling variables such as wave height.

[0052] The air-generating system 1 includes a fan 1-1, a dual-direction grille 1-2, and an adjustable fan base 1-3. The adjustable fan base 1-3 is adjusted to a suitable height, and then the fan 1-1 and the dual-direction grille 1-2 are installed on the upper part of the adjustable fan base 1-3 with screws. The dual-direction grille 1-2 is located in front of the air outlet of the fan 1-1. The adjustable fan base 1-3 is connected to the elongated ice water pool 6. The air-generating system 1 is located on the left side outside the elongated ice water pool 6.

[0053] The dual-direction adjustment grille 1-2 includes a longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1, multiple longitudinal blades 1-2-2, a transverse angle adjuster 1-2-3, and multiple transverse blades 1-2-4. All transverse blades 1-2-4 are connected to the transverse angle adjuster 1-2-3, and all longitudinal blades 1-2-2 are connected to the longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1. The dual-direction adjustment grille 1-2 can change the wind direction. The longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1 adjusts the left-right wind direction, and the transverse angle adjuster 1-2-3 adjusts the up-down wind direction, thereby changing the wind direction angles α and β.

[0054] The wave-damping device 4 includes a bottom slide rail 4-1, a vertical slide rail 4-2, a pulley 4-3, and a wave-damping plate 4-4. The bottom slide rail 4-1 is connected to the bottom surface of the elongated ice water pool 6, and the vertical slide rail 4-2 is connected to the side wall of the elongated ice water pool 6. The two sides of the wave-damping plate 4-4 are connected to the bottom slide rail 4-1 and the vertical slide rail 4-2 respectively through the pulley 4-3. The angle of the wave-damping plate 4-4 is adjustable. The wave-damping plate 4-4 is made of composite material. The bottom slide rail 4-1 and the vertical slide rail 4-2 are made of alloy steel to reduce corrosion and are fixed to the bottom of the left and right sides inside the elongated ice water pool 6.

[0055] This embodiment describes an experimental method for a wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-type wave generation method, which includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Install the experimental setup. Adjust the adjustable fan base 1-3 to a suitable height. Then, install the fan 1-1 and the dual-direction grid 1-2 on the upper part of the adjustable fan base 1-3 with screws. Fix the slide rails of the wave-generating system 2, the flow-generating system 3, and the wave-damping device 4 to the outside and inside of the slender ice water pool 6 with screws. The uppermost part of the flow-generating system 3 is about 10cm away from the still water surface to avoid mutual interference between waves and the flow field, and to facilitate the simulation of the coupling of waves and flow under actual conditions.

[0057] Step 2: Place layer ice 5. The thickness of layer ice 5 is about 5mm. The left side of layer ice 5 is 1.5-2.5m away from the rightmost reachable side of the wave box 2-2. This is because the first wave generated by wave generation system 2 is relatively unstable and requires a certain distance to meet the wave development requirements.

[0058] Step 3: Turn on the fan 1-1 and change the wind direction through the dual-adjustment grille 1-2. Adjust the left and right wind direction through the longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1 to a suitable α angle. Adjust the up and down wind direction through the transverse angle adjuster 1-2-3 to a suitable β angle. Control the wind speed between 2-10 m / s to simulate a polar wind field.

[0059] Step 4: Turn on the two bidirectional flow-generating pumps 3-3. The two bidirectional flow-generating pumps 3-3 perform push and suction respectively. If the left bidirectional flow-generating pump 3-3 pushes the flow and the right bidirectional flow-generating pump 3-3 suctions the flow, the water flows clockwise in the internal circulation flow-generating system 3; if the left bidirectional flow-generating pump 3-3 suctions the flow and the right bidirectional flow-generating pump 3-3 pushes the flow, the water flows counterclockwise in the internal circulation flow-generating system 3. This generates a flow direction that is the same as or opposite to the wave direction. The water flows around the baffle plate 3-2 clockwise or counterclockwise, forming an internal circulation flow. Adjust the power of the bidirectional flow-generating pumps 3-3 to control the flow velocity between 0.02-0.2 m / s to simulate a polar flow field.

[0060] Step 5: Turn on the wave-generating system 2, turn on the drive motor 2-1, adjust the power and frequency of the drive motor 2-1, drive the connecting rod 2-3 through the drive motor 2-1, and then drive the punch box 2-2. By changing the frequency and power of the drive motor 2-1, the moving speed and intensity of the punch box 2-2 can be changed, thereby controlling variables such as wave height, controlling the wave height within 0.1m and the wavelength between 1.5-2m;

[0061] Step 6: Adjust the angle of the wave-damping plate 4-4 in the wave-damping device 4 until at least 85% of the waves are eliminated to achieve a better wave-damping effect.

[0062] Step 7: Record experimental data, collect experimental images, and observe the fracture length and damage pattern of ice layer 5. The damage pattern of ice layer 5 is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method, characterized in that: It includes a wind-generating system (1), a wave-generating system (2), a flow-generating system (3), and a wave-damping device (4). The wind-generating system (1) and the wave-generating system (2) are both located on the outside of the same side of the elongated ice water pool (6). Wave-damping devices (4) are provided on both sides inside the elongated ice water pool (6). The flow-generating system (3) is located in the center of the elongated ice water pool (6) along its length. The flow-generating system (3) includes a jet manifold (3-1), a baffle plate (3-2), and a bidirectional flow-generating pump (3-3). There are two bidirectional flow-generating pumps (3-3). The two bidirectional flow-generating pumps (3-3) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the baffle plate (3-2). The flow-generating port of each bidirectional flow-generating pump (3-3) is located on the upper and lower sides of the baffle plate (3-2). Each flow inlet is connected to a jet manifold (3-1). The wave-making system (2) is a wave-making machine with a punch box (2-2) located above two bidirectional flow-making pumps (3-3). The wave-damping device (4) includes a bottom slide rail (4-1), a vertical slide rail (4-2), a pulley (4-3), and a wave-damping plate (4-4). The bottom slide rail (4-1) is connected to the bottom surface of the elongated ice water pool (6). The vertical slide rail (4-2) is connected to the side wall of the elongated ice water pool (6). The two sides of the wave-damping plate (4-4) are connected to the bottom slide rail (4-1) and the vertical slide rail (4-2) respectively through the pulley (4-3). The wave-damping plate (4-4) is made of composite material. The bottom slide rail (4-1) and the vertical slide rail (4-2) are made of alloy steel.

2. The wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main jet pipe (3-1) is equipped with several jet nozzles (3-5).

3. The wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each flow inlet of the bidirectional flow pump (3-3) is connected to the main jet pipe (3-1) via a flow pipe (3-4).

4. The wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punch box (2-2) is connected to the drive motor (2-1) via multiple connecting rods (2-3).

5. The wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-forming wave generation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive motor (2-1) is connected to the top of the bracket (2-4), and the bottom of the bracket (2-4) is connected to the outside of the elongated ice water pool (6).

6. The wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-flipping wave generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-generating system (1) includes a fan (1-1), a dual-direction grille (1-2), and an adjustable fan base (1-3). The fan (1-1) and the dual-direction grille (1-2) are both installed on the adjustable fan base (1-3). The dual-direction grille (1-2) is located in front of the air outlet of the fan (1-1). The adjustable fan base (1-3) is connected to the elongated ice water pool (6).

7. The wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental device based on the box-shaped wave generation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dual-direction grid (1-2) includes a longitudinal angle adjuster (1-2-1), multiple longitudinal blades (1-2-2), a transverse angle adjuster (1-2-3), and multiple transverse blades (1-2-4). The multiple transverse blades (1-2-4) are all connected to the transverse angle adjuster (1-2-3), and the multiple longitudinal blades (1-2-2) are all connected to the longitudinal angle adjuster (1-2-1).

8. An experimental method for a wind-wave-current-sea ice coupling experimental apparatus based on the box-forming wave generation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the experimental setup, with the uppermost part of the flow-generating system (3) 10cm away from the still water surface; Step 2: Place the ice layer (5), the thickness of the ice layer (5) is 5mm, and the left side of the ice layer is 1.5-2.5m away from the rightmost reachable side of the punch box (2-2); Step 3: Turn on the ventilation system (1) and adjust the left and right wind directions and up and down wind directions, with a wind speed of 2-10 m / s; Step 4: Turn on the two bidirectional flow pumps (3-3). The two bidirectional flow pumps (3-3) will push and suck the water respectively, generating a flow direction that is the same as or opposite to the wave direction. The water flow will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the baffle plate (3-2) to form an internal circulation flow. Adjust the power of the bidirectional flow pumps (3-3) to control the flow velocity between 0.02-0.2m / s to simulate the polar flow field. Step 5: Turn on the wave-generating system (2), adjust the power and intensity of the wave-generating system (2), and then control the wave height and wavelength, controlling the wave height to within 0.1m and the wavelength to between 1.5-2m; Step 6: Adjust the wave-damping device (4) until at least 85% of the waves are eliminated; Step 7: Record experimental data, collect experimental images, and observe the fracture length and damage pattern of the ice layer (5).

Images