An absorption tower for CO2 carbon capture using amine absorption method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of amine absorption method CO 2 The application relates to an absorption tower for carbon capture, belonging to the technical field of chemical machinery absorption tower, comprising an absorption shell, a cavity is formed in the absorption shell as an absorption working space, and a filler mechanism is installed in the absorption shell; a filler lifting mechanism is installed outside the absorption shell, and the filler mechanism can move up and down in the absorption shell under the drive of the filler lifting mechanism. By lifting the filler mechanism, the flowability of the absorption liquid on the surface of the filler mechanism is increased, so that the absorption liquid on the filler mechanism can be quickly replaced, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of CO 2 . When the filler mechanism is lifted, one filler support plate is driven by the filler lifting mechanism, and the other filler support plate will undergo high-frequency and small-amplitude lifting movement, which further facilitates the quick replacement of the absorption liquid and improves the absorption efficiency of CO 2 .

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of chemical machinery absorption towers, and specifically relates to an absorption tower for CO2 carbon capture using amine absorption method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, an increasing number of scholars have argued that global warming and sea-level rise are caused by the greenhouse effect, primarily driven by CO2. The International Energy Agency (IEA) points out that CO2 emissions can be reduced by improving energy efficiency and increasing renewable energy production, but its development potential is limited. The Bellona Foundation, however, emphasizes the importance of carbon capture and storage (CCS), stating that global adoption of CCS technologies could address 50%–80% of global CO2 emissions by 2050, making it crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

[0003] The amine absorption method (ethanolamine method) utilizes aqueous solutions of ethanolamines (such as MEA, DEA, and MDEA) to absorb CO2. Flue gas pretreated from the methyl amine decarbonization test platform enters the absorption tower for decarbonization. An organic amine composite absorbent (such as the aforementioned aqueous ethanolamine solution) absorbs the CO2 in the flue gas. The flue gas enters the absorption tower from the bottom, while the aqueous ethanolamine solution flows downwards, contacting the absorbent in a counter-current manner. Unabsorbed flue gas enters the escape control tower to recover the amine solution entrained in the flue gas. The rich solution (a solution rich in CO2) after CO2 absorption is then pumped from the bottom of the tower into a lean-rich solution heat exchanger, and then sent to a regeneration tower. The desorbed CO2, along with water vapor, is separated using a gas-liquid separator to remove the water vapor, resulting in CO2 gas of a certain purity.

[0004] Packed absorption towers are frequently used for gas absorption, as illustrated in the invention patent with authorization number "CN 106178843 B". This invention includes a shell (the absorption tower body) and, from top to bottom, a demister layer, a liquid distributor, a packing pressure plate, a packing layer, a liquid redistributor, and a packing support plate located within the shell. An exhaust gas inlet is located at the bottom of the shell, and an exhaust pipe connects to the top. The gas to be absorbed enters the shell through this inlet and rises. The absorbent liquid flowing from the liquid distributor and liquid redistributor is sprayed sequentially from top to bottom onto the outer surface of the packing material in the packing layer. The rising exhaust gas and the descending absorbent liquid flow counter-currently and react. Specific components in the exhaust gas (in this invention patent, these are dust, SO2, and NO) react with the absorbent liquid. X Harmful substances (such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter) are absorbed by the absorbent liquid, and the gas after absorption by the absorbent liquid continues to rise and is discharged from the exhaust pipe at the top.

[0005] The problems associated with using the above-mentioned type of packing material as an absorption tower for CO2 absorption include at least the following:

[0006] The packing is fixed between the packing support plate and the packing pressure plate. The packings come into contact with each other and with the packing support, which greatly reduces the surface area of ​​the packing that can come into contact with the gas, reduces the dispersion effect on the absorbent liquid, and results in insufficient absorption of the gas.

[0007] The packing material is attracted to each other by its own weight, the weight of the absorbent liquid on its surface, and the viscosity of the absorbent liquid on its surface. The absorbent liquid on the surface of the packing material will converge, which will drastically reduce or even block the air pores between the packing materials, thus creating a large resistance to the flow of gas, or even directly preventing the gas from flowing.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to design an absorption tower for CO2 carbon capture using the amine absorption method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to solve the issue of low CO2 absorption efficiency caused by defects in existing filler structures.

[0010] To overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] An absorption tower for CO2 carbon capture using amine absorption method, comprising:

[0012] An absorbent housing, wherein an internal cavity is formed to serve as an absorption working space, and a packing mechanism is installed inside the absorbent housing;

[0013] A packing lifting mechanism is installed outside the absorber housing. Driven by the packing lifting mechanism, the packing mechanism can move up and down inside the absorber housing.

[0014] The filling mechanism includes a first filling support plate and a second filling support plate arranged opposite to each other. A limiting post is provided between the first filling support plate and the second filling support plate. The limiting post has limiting protrusions at both ends to limit the sliding position of the first filling support plate and the second filling support plate. A pressure spring is fitted on the limiting post.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the absorption shell is provided with a rich liquid outlet, the side wall of the absorption shell is provided with a gas inlet, and the top of the absorption shell is provided with a gas outlet. The rich liquid outlet, the gas inlet, and the gas outlet are all connected to the absorption working space inside the absorption shell.

[0016] Furthermore, the filling lifting mechanism includes a lifting track, which is installed on the inner wall of the absorption shell, and the filling mechanism is installed on the lifting track. The outer edge of the first filling support plate has a first sliding groove that can slide along the lifting track, and the outer edge of the second filling support plate has a second sliding groove that can slide along the lifting track.

[0017] Furthermore, the filler lifting mechanism also includes a top block and an elastic element. A receiving groove is provided on the lifting track. The depth direction of the receiving groove is the same as the radial dimension of the absorbent shell. The first end of the elastic element abuts against the bottom of the receiving groove, and the second end of the elastic element abuts against the top block. The top block is slidably installed along the receiving groove. In the natural state of the elastic element, the distance from the top block to the bottom of the first sliding groove is less than the distance from the lifting track to the bottom of the first sliding groove. The side of the top block facing the first sliding groove forms an arc-shaped protrusion.

[0018] Furthermore, a traveling roller is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the receiving groove. The direction of rotation of the traveling roller is the same as the circumferential tangent direction of the first packing support plate. The traveling roller rolls along the lifting track and along the top block.

[0019] Furthermore, a first receiving groove and a second receiving groove are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the first packing support plate and the second packing support plate. The first receiving groove and the second receiving groove are filled with packing material. A first vent hole and a second vent hole are respectively formed on the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove. An attraction part is provided on the outer edge of the first packing support plate. The limiting post, the pressure spring and the first packing support plate are made of magnetic material, while the second packing support plate and the packing material are made of non-magnetic material.

[0020] Furthermore, the filling lifting mechanism includes a winch, which includes a motor, a drum, and a cable. The power output end of the motor is connected to the drum via a transmission. The motor is fixed to the ground, the drum is rotatably mounted on the ground, and the cable is wound around the drum. The cable is made of a non-magnetic material.

[0021] Furthermore, the carbon capture absorption tower includes a support frame, the absorption shell is fixed on the support frame, and the packing lifting mechanism includes a guide pulley and an electromagnet. The guide pulley is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the support frame, and the electromagnet is an annular ring fitted outside the absorption shell and at the same height as the first packing support plate made of magnetic material. A rope-threading drum is fixed on the electromagnet, and the free end of the winch cable passes over the guide pulley and is fixed inside the rope-threading drum.

[0022] Furthermore, the cable includes a winding cable and a lifting cable. The first end of the winding cable is wound around the drum. Each guide pulley is provided with a lifting cable. The first ends of the two lifting cables corresponding to each set of cable-threading drums pass over the guide pulleys and are fixedly connected to the second end of the winding cable. The second end of the lifting cable is fixed inside the cable-threading drum.

[0023] Furthermore, the carbon capture absorption tower also includes a liquid distributor, which includes a liquid delivery pipe located above the packing lifting mechanism. The liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe is connected to a container containing absorbent liquid, and the liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe extends into the absorption shell.

[0024] Furthermore, the liquid distributor includes a liquid distribution ring and a liquid distribution connecting pipe. The liquid distribution ring is fixed inside the absorption housing. The liquid distribution ring is provided with a liquid delivery pipe mounting hole that penetrates its own end face in the circumferential direction. Each liquid delivery pipe mounting hole is installed with a liquid delivery pipe. The liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe faces downward. The liquid distribution connecting pipe is annular and communicates with the liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe. The liquid distribution connecting pipe has a liquid inlet.

[0025] Furthermore, the carbon capture absorption tower also includes a liquid redistributor, which includes a liquid redistribution ring and a liquid redistribution connecting pipe. The liquid redistribution ring is fixed inside the absorption shell. The liquid redistribution ring has a liquid delivery pipe mounting hole that penetrates its end face along the circumference. Each liquid delivery pipe mounting hole has a liquid delivery pipe installed in it. The liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe faces downward. The liquid redistribution connecting pipe is annular and communicates with the liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe. The liquid redistribution connecting pipe has a liquid inlet. The liquid redistributor is located above the liquid distributor.

[0026] Furthermore, the carbon capture absorption tower also includes a demister assembly, which is installed inside the absorption shell and located above the liquid redistributor. The demister assembly includes a condenser plate and a condenser pipe. The condenser plate has a condensate inlet and a condensate outlet on its wall, and a condensate channel is formed inside the condenser plate. The condensate inlet and the condensate outlet are connected through the condensate channel. The two ends of the condensate pipe are connected to the condensate inlet and the condensate outlet, respectively. A water pump and a radiator are also installed on the condensate pipe.

[0027] Furthermore, the central hole of the liquid redistribution ring is smaller than the central hole of the liquid distribution ring, and the liquid redistributor is located above the liquid distributor.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Under the drive of the packing lifting mechanism, the packing mechanism can be installed vertically and vertically inside the absorption shell. The lifting and lowering of the packing mechanism increases the fluidity of the absorbent liquid on the surface of the packing mechanism, thereby facilitating the dripping of absorbent liquid that has absorbed CO2 from the packing mechanism and the re-adsorption of new absorbent liquid that has not absorbed CO2 from the liquid delivery pipe onto the packing mechanism. This allows for rapid replacement of the absorbent liquid on the packing mechanism, thereby improving the CO2 absorption efficiency. When the packing mechanism is lifted and lowered, the packing lifting mechanism drives one packing support plate. The other packing support plate relative to the driven packing support plate will undergo high-frequency, small-amplitude lifting and lowering motion due to the action of the pressure spring. The presence of this high frequency and small amplitude further facilitates the rapid replacement of the absorbent liquid and improves the CO2 absorption efficiency.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the carbon capture absorption tower of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A second-view perspective three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the carbon capture absorption tower of the present invention is shown, wherein the absorption shell is partially cut out;

[0033] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region Z1 in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the top block according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 A first-view perspective three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the packing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of region Z2 in the middle area;

[0037] Figure 7 It shows Figure 5 A second-view 3D structural diagram;

[0038] Figure 8 It shows Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the third-person perspective stereoscopic structure;

[0039] Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a Pall ring packing mounted on a packing support plate made of magnetic material is shown.

[0040] Figure 10 It shows Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of region Z3 in the middle area;

[0041] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the defogging assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 12 A first-view perspective three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a liquid distributor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 13 A first-view perspective three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a liquid redistributor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0044] In the picture

[0045] 1-Staff;

[0046] 2-Absorber shell; 21-Rich liquid outlet; 22-Gas inlet; 23-Gas outlet;

[0047] 3-Filling mechanism; 31-Filling; 32-Limiting post; 321-Limiting protrusion; 33-Pressure spring; 34-First filler support plate; 341-First receiving groove; 342-First vent; 343-First sliding groove; 344-Suction part; 35-Second filler support plate; 351-Second receiving groove; 352-Second vent; 353-Second sliding groove; 36-Traveling roller;

[0048] 41-Winder; 411-Motor; 412-Drum; 413-Cable; 4131-Winding cable; 4132-Lifting cable; 42-Guide pulley; 43-Electromagnet; 44-Rope threading drum; 45-Lifting rail; 451-Receiving slot; 46-Top block; 47-Elastic element;

[0049] 5-Liquid distributor; 51-Liquid delivery pipe; 52-Liquid distribution ring; 53-Liquid distribution connecting pipe;

[0050] 6-Defogger assembly; 61-Condensate tray; 611-Condensate inlet; 612-Condensate outlet; 62-Condensate tube; 63-Water pump; 64-Radiator;

[0051] 7-Liquid redistributor; 71-Liquid redistribution ring; 72-Liquid redistribution connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0052] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," "longitudinal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] This invention discloses an absorption tower for CO2 carbon capture using an amine absorption method, comprising a support frame 1; an absorption shell 2 fixed to the support frame 1, with a rich liquid outlet 21 at the lower end of the absorption shell 2, a gas inlet 22 near the lower end of the side wall of the absorption shell 2, and a gas outlet 23 at the upper end of the absorption shell 2; and a packing mechanism 3 including packing 31, a limiting post 32, a pressure spring 33, a first packing support plate 34, and a second packing support plate 35. The first packing support plate 34 and the second packing support plate 35 are slidably mounted on the limiting post 32, and each end of the limiting post 32 is provided with a limiting protrusion 321 to restrict the sliding position of the two packing support plates. A spring 33 is fitted outside the limiting post 32, and the two ends of the pressure spring 33 are respectively pressed against the two packing support plates; a packing lifting mechanism is installed between the bracket 1 and the packing mechanism 3, and the packing mechanism 3 is vertically and vertically installed in the absorption housing 2 under the drive of the packing lifting mechanism; a liquid distributor 5 includes a liquid delivery pipe 51, which is located above the packing lifting mechanism, the liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe 51 is connected to a container containing absorbent liquid, and the liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe 51 extends into the absorption housing 2; a demisting assembly 6 is installed in the absorption housing 2 and is located above the liquid distributor 5.

[0057] The absorbent liquid flows into the absorbent housing 2 through the liquid delivery pipe 51, then flows down and drips onto the packing mechanism 3. The absorbent liquid is evenly dispersed on the surface of the packing mechanism 3. Of course, since the packing 31 has a larger surface area, most of the absorbent liquid is evenly dispersed on the surface of the packing 31.

[0058] See Figures 1-5 The flue gas containing CO2 enters the absorption shell 2 through the gas inlet, then rises and comes into contact with the absorbent liquid uniformly dispersed on the packing mechanism 3 after passing through the vent holes formed on the packing support plate. The CO2 in the flue gas is absorbed by the absorbent liquid.

[0059] Driven by the packing lifting mechanism, the packing mechanism 3 can be lifted and lowered inside the absorption housing 2. The lifting and lowering of the packing mechanism 3 increases the fluidity of the absorbent liquid on the surface of the packing mechanism 3, which facilitates the dripping of absorbent liquid that has absorbed CO2 from the packing mechanism 3 and the re-adsorption of new unabsorbed CO2 flowing down from the liquid delivery pipe 51 onto the packing mechanism 3. (Of course, theoretically, it is not absolutely unabsorbed CO2, because most of the CO2 in the upward-flowing flue gas will be absorbed by the absorbent liquid on the packing mechanism 3, but there will still be a very small amount of CO2 in the flue gas flowing above the packing mechanism 3. A portion of this very small amount of CO2 will be absorbed by the new absorbent liquid that has not yet dripped onto the packing mechanism 3.) This allows the absorbent liquid on the packing mechanism 3 to be quickly replaced (that is, the absorbent liquid that has absorbed CO2 drips down and the new absorbent liquid that has not absorbed CO2 is redispersed in the packing mechanism 3), thereby improving the CO2 absorption efficiency.

[0060] When the packing mechanism 3 is raised or lowered, the packing lifting mechanism drives the first packing support plate 34. The second packing support plate 35 relative to the driven packing support plate will undergo high-frequency, small-amplitude (such as 1 / 10 of the packing height, that is, under the pressure of the pressure spring 33, the two packing support plates maintain a distance slightly higher than the height of the packing 31, and this distance is maintained due to the presence of the limiting post 32, such as 1 / 10 of the packing height. When the entire packing mechanism 3 is raised or lowered, the two packing support plates move in different states due to inertia) raising and lowering motion. The presence of this high frequency and small amplitude further facilitates the rapid replacement of the absorbent liquid and improves the absorption efficiency of CO2.

[0061] It should be noted that a demisting component 6 is installed above the liquid distributor 5. (See also...) Figure 11 To remove moisture from the absorbed flue gas, the demisting assembly can be a mechanism based on the condensation principle. For example, the demisting assembly 6 includes a condensation plate 61 (shown as a coil structure in the figure) and a condensation pipe 62. The condensation plate 61 has a hollow structure to facilitate the upward movement of flue gas and the downward movement of absorbent liquid. A condensate inlet 611 and a condensate outlet 612 are provided on the wall of the condensation plate 61. A condensate channel is formed inside the condensation plate 61. The condensate inlet 611 and the condensate outlet 612 are connected through the condensate channel. The two ends of the condensate pipe are connected to the condensate inlet and the condensate outlet, respectively. A water pump 63 and a radiator 64 are also installed on the condensate pipe (the radiator can be fixed to the upper end of the bracket through a connector). The water pump 63 drives the condensate to circulate along the condensate channel → radiator → condensate channel. When flowing through the channel, the condensate absorbs heat, thereby condensing the water vapor in the flue gas. When flowing through the radiator 64, the condensate dissipates heat to cool the condensate.

[0062] It should also be noted that the two packing support plates have a first receiving groove 341 and a second receiving groove 351 respectively formed on their opposite sides to accommodate the packing 31. See also... Figures 5 to 10 The bottom of the first accommodating groove 341 and the bottom of the second accommodating groove 351 are respectively provided with a first vent 342 and a second vent 352 that are vertically connected.

[0063] The packing 31 is a Pall ring packing, which is placed vertically in the first receiving groove 341 and the second receiving groove 351. Under natural conditions (the pressure spring is only subjected to the pressure of the packing support plate above in the vertical direction), the distance between the first receiving groove 341 and the second receiving groove 351 is greater than the height of the Pall ring packing.

[0064] In the horizontal direction, the Pall ring packing is in clearance fit with the first receiving groove 341 and the Pall ring packing is in clearance fit with the second receiving groove 351.

[0065] In the vertical direction, the Pall ring packing can move up and down slightly between the first receiving groove 341 and the second receiving groove 351; in the horizontal direction, it can move laterally slightly, which further enhances the intensity of the high-frequency, small-amplitude movement of the Pall ring packing, further improves the CO2 absorption efficiency, and reduces CO2 emissions.

[0066] See also Figures 5-10 The packing material 31 shown is a Pall ring. Packing material 31 typically includes Raschig rings, Pall rings, etc. Raschig rings are hollow cylinders, and are commonly made of plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), and reinforced polypropylene (RPP), as well as carbon steel, 304 stainless steel, and other materials. Pall rings are a significant improvement over Raschig rings. Although the outer diameter is equal to the height, two rows of windows with inwardly extending tabs are cut into the ring wall, with five tabs in each layer of windows. This structure improves gas-liquid distribution and fully utilizes the inner surface of the ring. Compared to Raschig rings, the throughput can be increased by more than 50%, while the pressure drop is halved; they are generally made of metal, plastic, or ceramic.

[0067] Because the absorbent is highly corrosive, placing the packing lifting mechanism inside the absorber housing 2 would inevitably affect its service life. Conversely, placing it outside the housing 2 necessitates creating openings for various transmission components and ensuring the sealing of these openings during operation. Common sealing structures (such as gaskets) are highly susceptible to corrosion by the absorbent, leading to a loss of sealing performance and posing new challenges to the mechanism. Therefore, an external electromagnet was designed to drive the packing support plate 34 to rise and fall remotely. Further details on a specific method of the packing lifting mechanism can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 The filling lifting mechanism includes a winch 41, a guide pulley 42, and an electromagnet 43, wherein:

[0068] The support 1, the absorption shell 2, and the liquid distributor 5 are all made of non-magnetic materials;

[0069] The limiting post 32, the pressure spring 33, and one of the packing support plates are made of magnetic material, while the other packing support plate and the packing 31 are made of non-magnetic material;

[0070] The winch 41 includes a motor 411, a drum 412, and a cable 413. The power output end of the motor 411 is connected to the drum 412. The housing of the motor 411 is fixed to the ground. The drum 412 is rotatably mounted on the ground. The cable 413 is wound around the drum 412 and is made of non-magnetic material.

[0071] The guide pulley 42 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bracket 1;

[0072] The electromagnet 43 is an annular ring fitted outside the absorption housing 2 and is at the same height as the filler support plate 35 made of magnetic material. The electromagnet 43 is fixed with a rope-threading drum 44. The free end of the cable 413 of the winch 41 passes over the guide pulley 42 and is fixed inside the rope-threading drum 44.

[0073] Electromagnet 43 generates magnetism, attracting a packing support plate made of magnetic material. This causes the support plate to rise and fall, resulting in the aforementioned high-frequency, small-amplitude vibration of another packing support plate relative to it in the vertical direction. By using electromagnet 43 to attract the packing support plate without contact with the surrounding environment, the packing mechanism 3 can be driven to rise and fall. This avoids the corrosion issues associated with placing the packing drive mechanism inside the absorption housing 2, or the difficult design challenges to the sealing of the absorption housing if placed outside. Furthermore, except for the packing support ring at the same height as the electromagnet, all other parts of the packing mechanism are made of non-magnetic materials to ensure they are not attracted by electromagnet 43, thus preventing the aforementioned vibration phenomenon.

[0074] It should be noted that the magnetic materials mentioned above can be iron, cobalt, and nickel, and the non-magnetic materials mentioned above can be plastics resistant to corrosion by absorbing liquids, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), and reinforced polypropylene (RPP).

[0075] When the winch 41 is working, the motor 411 drives the drum 412 to rotate, thereby pulling or releasing the cable 413. When the cable 413 is pulled, the electromagnet 43 rises, and when the cable 413 is released, the electromagnet 43 falls.

[0076] To maintain a strong attraction between the electromagnet 43 and the packing support plate made of magnetic material, the outer edge of the packing support plate extends axially to form a large magnetic attraction section 344, such as... Figures 5 to 10 As shown.

[0077] Regarding the connection method between cable 413 and rope-threading cylinder 44, in this embodiment, as follows: Figure 1 In this design, there are two sets of rope-threading cylinders 44, with each set of rope-threading cylinders 44 arranged adjacent to each other, and the two sets of rope-threading cylinders 44 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the electromagnet 43.

[0078] There are four guide pulleys 42, and each guide pulley 42 corresponds to one rope-threading cylinder 44. The extension line of the line connecting the corresponding guide pulley 42 and the rope-threading cylinder 42 passes through the rotation axis of the electromagnet 43.

[0079] The cable 413 includes a winding cable 4131 and a lifting cable 4132. The first end of the winding cable 4131 is wound around the drum 412. Each guide pulley 42 is provided with a lifting cable 4132. The first ends of the two lifting cables 4132 corresponding to each group of cable drums 42 pass over the guide pulleys 42 and are fixedly connected to the second end of the winding cable 4131. The second end of the lifting cable 4132 is fixed inside the cable drum 42.

[0080] By using the winding cable 4131 and the lifting cable 4132, the lifting synchronization of both sides of the electromagnet 43 can be high, avoiding the tilting of the annular electromagnet 43 relative to the absorption housing 2 caused by asynchronous lifting, thus ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the lifting motion.

[0081] See also Figure 1 There are two winches 41, and each of the winding cables 4131 is driven by a motor 411. The two winches 41 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the absorption shell, one on each side.

[0082] See also Figure 2 The filler lifting mechanism also includes a lifting rail 45, which is fixed inside the absorbent housing 2 and is vertically arranged.

[0083] The outer edges of the first packing support plate 34 and the second packing support plate 35 are provided with a first sliding groove 343 and a second sliding groove 353, which can slide along the lifting track. The sliding grooves, in conjunction with the lifting track, guide the lifting and lowering of the packing support plate, preventing tilting of the packing support plate and thus avoiding obstructed sliding or jamming. Of course, as mentioned above, except for one packing support plate, all other components of the packing mechanism are made of non-magnetic materials. The lifting track is also made of non-magnetic material to prevent attraction with the electromagnet and avoid unnecessary resistance during the electromagnet's lifting and lowering.

[0084] In other embodiments, the packing lifting mechanism may further include a top block 46 and an elastic element 47, see further details. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The lifting track is provided with a receiving groove, the depth direction of the receiving groove is the same as the radial direction of the absorption shell, the first end of the elastic member 47 abuts against the bottom of the receiving groove, the second end of the elastic member 47 abuts against the top block 46, and the top block 46 is slidably installed along the receiving groove.

[0085] In its natural state, the distance from the top block 46 to the bottom of the sliding groove is less than the distance from the lifting track to the bottom of the sliding groove.

[0086] As the packing support plate slides along the lifting track, the bottom of the sliding groove contacts the outwardly protruding top block. The bottom of the sliding groove then presses against the top block 46 and the elastic element 47 (such as a cylindrical helical spring). Therefore, the pressing and collision between the top block 46 and the sliding groove causes a certain degree of impact and vibration in the transverse direction of the packing support plate, further facilitating the rapid replacement of the absorbent liquid on the packing mechanism 3 and improving the absorption efficiency of CO2 in the flue gas. Of course, to increase the frequency of this impact and vibration, multiple elastic elements 47 and top blocks 46 can be installed at intervals along the length of the lifting track. Simultaneously, to ensure smooth movement between the sliding groove and the top block 46, an arc-shaped protrusion is formed on the side of the top block 46 facing the sliding groove.

[0087] See also Figures 5 to 10 A traveling roller 36 (made of non-magnetic material) is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the receiving groove. The rotation direction of the traveling roller 36 is the same as the circumferential tangential direction of the packing support plate. The traveling roller 36 is rolled along the proximal side of the lifting track. By rolling the traveling roller 36 along the lifting track and along the top block, the sliding friction resistance with the lifting track is greatly reduced, the service life of the lifting track is extended, and wear on the sliding groove is avoided.

[0088] See also Figure 12 The liquid distributor 5 also includes a liquid distribution ring 52 and a liquid distribution connecting pipe 53, wherein:

[0089] The liquid distribution ring 52 is fixed inside the absorption housing 2. The liquid distribution ring 52 has circumferentially arranged liquid delivery pipe mounting holes penetrating its end face. Each liquid delivery pipe mounting hole houses a liquid delivery pipe 51, with the liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe 51 facing downwards. The liquid distribution connecting pipe 53 is annular and communicates with the liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe 51, with a liquid inlet on the connecting pipe 53. Through the liquid distributor 5, absorbent liquid can be uniformly distributed circumferentially from the outside in through the liquid delivery pipes 51.

[0090] like Figure 13 As shown, embodiments of the present invention may further include a liquid redistributor 7, the liquid redistributor 7 comprising a liquid redistribution ring 71 and a liquid redistribution connecting pipe 72, wherein:

[0091] The liquid redistribution ring 71 is fixed inside the absorption housing 2. The liquid redistribution ring 71 is provided with a liquid delivery pipe mounting hole that penetrates its own end face in the circumferential direction. Each liquid delivery pipe mounting hole is equipped with a liquid delivery pipe 51. The liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe 71 faces downward. The liquid redistribution connecting pipe is annular and communicates with the liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe 71. The liquid redistribution connecting pipe 72 is provided with a liquid inlet.

[0092] The central hole of the liquid redistribution ring 71 is smaller than the central hole of the liquid distribution ring 71, and the liquid redistributor 7 is located above the liquid distributor 5;

[0093] The demisting component 6 is located above the liquid redistributor.

[0094] The liquid redistributor 7 ensures that the absorbent flows more evenly into the absorption housing 2 radially, further enhancing the dispersion effect of the absorbent. The absorbent can be easily connected via the liquid inlet of the annular liquid distribution connecting pipe 53 and the liquid inlet of the annular liquid redistribution connecting pipe 72, thus enabling rapid delivery of the absorbent.

[0095] Work process:

[0096] The absorbent liquid flows into the absorbent housing 2 through the liquid delivery pipe 51, then flows down and drips onto the packing mechanism 3. The absorbent liquid is evenly dispersed on the surface of the packing mechanism 3. Of course, since the packing 31 has a larger surface area, most of the absorbent liquid is evenly dispersed on the surface of the packing 31.

[0097] The flue gas containing CO2 enters the absorption shell 2 through the gas inlet, then rises, and comes into contact with the absorbent liquid that is uniformly dispersed on the packing mechanism 3 after passing through the vent holes formed on the packing support plate. The CO2 in the flue gas is absorbed by the absorbent liquid.

[0098] Driven by the packing lifting mechanism, the packing mechanism 3 can be lifted and lowered inside the absorption housing 2. The lifting and lowering of the packing mechanism 3 increases the fluidity of the absorbent liquid on the surface of the packing mechanism 3, which facilitates the dripping of absorbent liquid that has absorbed CO2 from the packing mechanism 3 and the re-adsorption of new unabsorbed CO2 flowing down from the liquid delivery pipe 51 onto the packing mechanism 3. This allows the absorbent liquid on the packing mechanism 3 to be quickly replaced (i.e., the absorbent liquid that has absorbed CO2 drips down and the new absorbent liquid that has not absorbed CO2 is redispersed in the packing mechanism 3), thereby improving the CO2 absorption efficiency.

[0099] When the packing mechanism 3 is raised or lowered, the packing lifting mechanism drives one packing support plate. The other packing support plate relative to the driven packing support plate will undergo high-frequency, small-amplitude (such as 1 / 10 of the height of the packing 31, that is, under the pressure of the pressure spring 33, the two packing support plates maintain a distance slightly higher than the height of the packing 31, and this distance is maintained due to the presence of the limiting post 32, such as 1 / 10 of the height of the packing 31. When the entire packing mechanism 3 is raised or lowered, the two packing support plates move in different states due to inertia) raising and lowering motion. The presence of this high frequency and small amplitude further facilitates the rapid replacement of the absorbent liquid and improves the absorption efficiency of CO2.

[0100] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An absorption column for CO2 carbon capture by amine absorption, characterized by: include: Absorption shell (2), the inside of the absorption shell (2) forms a cavity as an absorption working space, and a packing mechanism (3) is installed inside the absorption shell (2). The packing lifting mechanism is installed outside the absorption shell (2). Under the drive of the packing lifting mechanism, the packing mechanism (3) can move up and down inside the absorption shell (2). The filling mechanism (3) includes a first filling support plate (34) and a second filling support plate (35) arranged opposite to each other. A limiting post (32) is provided between the first filling support plate (34) and the second filling support plate (35). The limiting post (32) has limiting protrusions (321) at both ends to limit the sliding position of the first filling support plate (34) and the second filling support plate (35). A pressure spring (33) is fitted on the limiting post (32). The filling lifting mechanism includes a lifting track (45), which is installed on the inner wall of the absorption shell (2). The filling mechanism (3) is installed on the lifting track (45). The outer edge of the first filling support plate (34) has a first sliding groove (343) that can slide along the lifting track (45), and the outer edge of the second filling support plate (35) has a second sliding groove (353) that can slide along the lifting track (45). The filling lifting mechanism also includes a top block (46) and an elastic element (47). A receiving groove (451) is provided on the lifting rail (45). The depth direction of the receiving groove (451) is the same as the radial dimension of the absorption shell (2). The first end of the elastic element (47) abuts against the bottom of the receiving groove (451), and the second end of the elastic element (47) abuts against the top block (46). The top block (46) is slidably installed along the receiving groove (451). In the natural state of the elastic element (47), the distance from the top block (46) to the bottom of the first sliding groove (343) is less than the distance from the lifting rail (45) to the bottom of the first sliding groove (343). The side of the top block (46) facing the first sliding groove (343) forms an arc-shaped protrusion. A first receiving groove (341) and a second receiving groove (351) are formed on the opposite surfaces of the first filling support plate (34) and the second filling support plate (35), respectively. Filler (31) is provided in the first receiving groove (341) and the second receiving groove (351). A first vent hole (342) and a second vent hole (352) are formed on the first receiving groove (341) and the second receiving groove (351) respectively. An attraction part (344) is provided on the outer edge of the first filling support plate (34). The limiting post (32), the pressure spring (33) and the first filling support plate (34) are made of magnetic material, while the second filling support plate (35) and the filler (31) are made of non-magnetic material. The filling lifting mechanism includes a winch (41), which includes a motor (411), a drum (412), and a cable (413). The power output end of the motor (411) is connected to the drum (412) for transmission. The motor (411) is fixed to the ground, the drum (412) is rotatably installed on the ground, and the cable (413) is wound around the drum (412). The cable (413) is made of non-magnetic material.

2. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 1, characterized by: The bottom of the absorption shell (2) is provided with a rich liquid outlet (21), the side wall of the absorption shell (2) is provided with a gas inlet (22), and the top of the absorption shell (2) is provided with a gas outlet (23). The rich liquid outlet (21), the gas inlet (22) and the gas outlet (23) are all connected to the absorption working space inside the absorption shell (2).

3. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the receiving groove (451) is rotatably equipped with a traveling roller (36), the direction of rotation of the traveling roller (36) is the same as the circumferential tangent direction of the first filler support plate (34), the traveling roller (36) rolls along the lifting track (45) and along the top block (46).

4. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 1, wherein: The carbon capture absorption tower includes a support (1), the absorption shell (2) is fixed on the support (1), the packing lifting mechanism includes a guide pulley (42) and an electromagnet (43), the guide pulley (42) is rotatably installed on the upper end of the support (1), the electromagnet (43) is an annular ring fitted outside the absorption shell (2) and is at the same height as the first packing support plate (34) made of magnetic material, and a rope tube (44) is fixed on the electromagnet (43), the free end of the cable (413) of the winch (41) passes over the guide pulley (42) and is fixed inside the rope tube (44).

5. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 4, wherein: The cable (413) includes a winding cable (4131) and a lifting cable (4132). The first end of the winding cable (4131) is wound around the drum (412). Each guide pulley (42) is provided with a lifting cable (4132). The first ends of the two lifting cables (4132) corresponding to each set of cable drums (44) pass over the guide pulleys (42) and are fixedly connected to the second end of the winding cable (4131). The second end of the lifting cable (4132) is fixed inside the cable drum (44).

6. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 1, wherein: The carbon capture absorption tower also includes a liquid distributor (5), which includes a liquid delivery pipe (51). The liquid delivery pipe (51) is located above the packing lifting mechanism. The liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe (51) is connected to a container containing absorbent liquid, and the liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe (51) is inserted into the absorption shell (2).

7. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 6, wherein: The liquid distributor (5) includes a liquid distribution ring (52) and a liquid distribution connecting pipe (53). The liquid distribution ring (52) is fixed inside the absorption housing (2). The liquid distribution ring (52) has a liquid delivery pipe mounting hole that penetrates its end face along the circumferential direction. Each liquid delivery pipe mounting hole is equipped with a liquid delivery pipe (51). The liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe (51) faces downward. The liquid distribution connecting pipe (53) is an annular ring that communicates with the liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe (51). The liquid distribution connecting pipe (53) has a liquid inlet.

8. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 7, wherein: The carbon capture absorption tower also includes a liquid redistributor (7), which includes a liquid redistribution ring (71) and a liquid redistribution connecting pipe (72). The liquid redistribution ring (71) is fixed inside the absorption shell (2). The liquid redistribution ring (71) has a liquid delivery pipe mounting hole that penetrates its end face along the circumference. Each liquid delivery pipe mounting hole has a liquid delivery pipe (51) installed in it. The liquid outlet of the liquid delivery pipe (51) is downward. The liquid redistribution connecting pipe (72) is an annular ring that communicates with the liquid inlet of the liquid delivery pipe (51). The liquid redistribution connecting pipe (72) has a liquid inlet. The liquid redistributor (7) is located above the liquid distributor (5).

9. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 8, wherein: The carbon capture absorption tower also includes a demisting component (6), which is installed inside the absorption shell (2). The demisting component (6) is located above the liquid redistributor (7). The demisting component (6) includes a condensing plate (61) and a condensing pipe (62). A condensate inlet and a condensate outlet are provided on the wall of the condensing plate (61). A condensate channel is formed inside the condensing plate (61). The condensate inlet (611) and the condensate outlet (612) are connected through the condensate channel. The two ends of the condensate pipe are connected to the condensate inlet (611) and the condensate outlet (612) respectively. A water pump (63) and a radiator (64) are also installed on the condensate pipe.

10. The amine absorption process CO2 carbon capture absorption column of claim 8, wherein: The center hole of the liquid redistribution ring (71) is smaller than the center hole of the liquid distribution ring (52), and the liquid redistributor (7) is located above the liquid distributor (5).

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