A soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil remediation. The soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil is composed of A component and B component, wherein the A component is a fermentation product after fresh fruit peel and sugar are fermented in water; and the B component is potassium fulvate, zeolite powder and biomass charcoal. The soil remediation agent takes discarded fruit peel as raw material, can change waste into treasure, and other raw materials are also natural raw materials, is green and environment-friendly, and can obviously reduce the pH value and salt content of saline-alkali soil. The preparation method is simple, does not need expensive equipment, and has a larger popularization and application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The saline-alkali soil is a kind of soil formed by salinization or alkalization, including saline soil, alkaline soil and various salinized soils. In arid and semi-arid areas, due to the evaporation of the ground surface, the salt contained in the bottom soil and underground water will rise to the surface layer with the capillary action of the soil. After the water evaporates, the salt remains in the surface layer of the soil and accumulates to form saline-alkali soil. The surface soil of the saline-alkali soil is dry and white, and even forms salt crust, hardening and cracking. The soil has high mineralization and strong corrosion, which can destroy plant cell tissues and hinder plant growth. The high-salinity soil can even directly cause the root system of plants to rot and thus cause the death of the plants.

[0003] As the material basis and ecological environment for human survival and development, soil pollution directly threatens the health and survival of human beings. The increase in the area of saline-alkali soil is related to human activities, such as long-term and excessive use of fertilizers, overgrazing, improper irrigation and excessive deforestation, which cause the decline of soil fertility, the hardening, acidification and salinization of the soil, the decrease of soil organic matter, the increase of heavy metals in the soil and the decrease of the total amount and activity of beneficial microorganism groups in the root system of crops, thereby seriously affecting the normal growth of crops. Even the excellent farmland will become secondary salinized soil due to the cumulative damage. Therefore, the improvement of saline-alkali soil is imminent. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. The waste fruit peels are used as raw materials to produce biological enzymes through fermentation, which can passivate metal ions, reduce the biological effectiveness thereof, eliminate active oxygen free radicals in the soil, reduce the pH value of the soil, protect soil microorganisms and root systems, and the other application substances produced through fermentation are also beneficial to the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the soil, thereby loosening the soil, reducing the soil bulk density, and enhancing the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil. The added potassium fulvate not only provides nutrients for crop growth, but also enhances the ability of the biological carbon and zeolite to fix free metal ions, so as to reduce the salt content in the soil. In addition, the mesoporous characteristics of the biological carbon and zeolite can provide a good growth environment for the growth of microorganisms and promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] One of the technical schemes of the present application provides a soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil, which is composed of A component and B component. The A component is the fermentation product of fresh fruit peels and sugar after fermentation in water, and the B component is potassium fulvate, zeolite powder and biological carbon.

[0007] The selected fresh fruit peels are not limited in type, and various fruit peels can be used, and the metabolites produced in the fermentation process of the fruit peels and the propagated yeast, acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are mainly utilized, and the obtained substrate after fermentation can provide organic matter for soil.

[0008] The added potassium fulvate can promote the exchange and release of metal ions in the soil, thereby synergistically enhancing the cation exchange capacity of the biomass charcoal and the zeolite, helping to fix the metal ions in the soil and reducing the biological availability of the metal ions, thereby reducing the salinity of the soil.

[0009] Preferably, the fermentation product is 25-40 parts by mass, the potassium fulvate is 3-4 parts by mass, the zeolite powder is 15-20 parts by mass, and the biomass charcoal is 80-100 parts by mass.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of fresh fruit peels, sugar and water in the raw material of the fermentation product is 3:1:9-11.

[0011] Preferably, the type of sugar can be selected from sucrose, brown sugar, honey and the like, and the main role is to provide nutritional elements for the fermentation microorganisms and balance the metabolites in the fermentation broth to obtain more biological enzymes and the like.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the potassium fulvate is not more than 80 mesh, and the particle size of the zeolite powder and the biomass charcoal is not more than 10 mesh.

[0013] Technical scheme two of the present application: a preparation method of the soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Fresh fruit peels and sugar are added to water, fermented to obtain a fermentation product, which is component A; potassium fulvate, zeolite powder and biomass charcoal are mixed uniformly to obtain component B.

[0015] Preferably, the fermentation time is 120-150 days, and the temperature is 20-30 DEG C.

[0016] Technical scheme three of the present application: a use method of the soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0017] The component A is filtered, the filtrate is diluted by 800-1000 times, and then sprayed on the saline-alkali soil, then the filter residue is mixed with the component B, and uniformly spread into the saline-alkali soil, and placed for 2-3 days, ploughed, and placed for not less than 1 month to complete the soil improvement.

[0018] Preferably, the A component is applied in an amount of 25-40 kg / acre, and the B component is applied in an amount of 100-120 kg / acre. Preferably, the depth of the ploughing is 15-25 cm, and the rate of surface ploughing is ≤5%, and the rate of re-ploughing is ≤5%.

[0019] The present application selects the mode of spraying the fermentation liquor first, then scattering the solid matrix into the saline-alkali soil, and ploughing after airing, for applying the soil repair agent provided by the present application. The main reason is that the first applied fermentation liquor is acidic (pH is about 3.5-4.5), which can neutralize the alkaline substances in the saline-alkali soil in the first step, and bring the salt into the lower layer of the soil through the capillary pores of the soil. Through further ploughing, on the one hand, the solid matrix is ploughed into the interior of the soil, and on the other hand, the capillary pores of the soil are broken by controlling the depth of ploughing, so as to avoid the upward migration of salt with water, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the salt content of the soil.

[0020] The beneficial technical effects of the present application are as follows:

[0021] The present application provides a soil repair agent suitable for saline-alkali soil, which uses discarded fruit peels as raw materials, can turn waste into treasure, and other raw materials are also natural raw materials, green and environmentally friendly. The soil repair agent provided by the present application can significantly reduce the pH value and salt content of the saline-alkali soil. The preparation method provided by the present application is simple, does not require expensive equipment, and has a great application prospect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The various illustrative embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail in connection with the accompanying drawings. This detailed description is not intended to limit the application as described in the application, but rather to explain certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

[0023] In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present application, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range within any stated range or within any stated intermediate value, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range is also encompassed within the present application. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application, the preferred methods and materials are described herein.

[0025] As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", "has", "having" and the like are open-ended terms that are intended to permit but not limit the inclusion of elements or the number of elements, and are not intended to exclude other elements or quantities of elements.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Saline-alkali soil improvement:

[0028] (1) Fresh banana peels without mildew were selected, cut into small pieces with a length of no more than 2 cm, 1 / 3 of the mass of the banana peels of brown sugar was added, and 3.5 times the mass of the banana peels of water was added, and the mixture was fermented in a cool place for 120 days, the environmental temperature was stabilized at 20-30°C during the fermentation process, and the fermentation product obtained by fermentation was used as component A, ready for use;

[0029] (2) Potassium fulvate (≤80 mesh), zeolite powder (≤10 mesh), and biochar (≤10 mesh) were mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 4:15:90 to obtain component B, ready for use;

[0030] (3) A saline-alkali soil in Chengdu, east of Sichuan Province, was selected as the test plot to measure the initial pH value, salt content, and soil bulk density (BD), components A and B were prepared according to the amount of 29 kg of component A and 109 kg of component B per mu of land, the component A was filtered first, the filtrate was diluted 1000 times, and then uniformly sprayed onto the test plot, and the filter residue of component A was mixed uniformly with component B and uniformly scattered onto the test plot, and the land was aired for 2 days, mechanically plowed to a depth of about 20 cm, with a leakage rate of ≤5% and a re-plowing rate of ≤5%; after plowing, the soil was left for 2 months, and the pH value, salt content, and soil bulk density were measured to verify the improvement effect.

[0031] Test results: The test plot selected in Example 1 was 3 plots of 10x10m 2 size, with a distance of no less than 5m between each other. The initial pH value of the soil was 9.53, the salt content was 4.12g / kg, and the BD was 1.32g / cm 3 ; after improvement, the average pH value of the 3 test plots was 7.26, the salt content was 2.34g / kg (decrease ratio 43.2%), and the BD was 0.96g / cm 3 (decrease ratio 27.3%).

[0032] Comparative Example 1 (compared with Example 1, potassium fulvate was omitted)

[0033] Saline-alkali soil improvement:

[0034] (1) Fresh banana peels without mildew were selected, cut into small pieces with a length of no more than 2 cm, 1 / 3 of the mass of the banana peels of brown sugar was added, and 3.5 times the mass of the banana peels of water was added, and the mixture was fermented in a cool place for 120 days, the environmental temperature was stabilized at 20-30°C during the fermentation process, and the fermentation product obtained by fermentation was used as component A, ready for use;

[0035] (2) Zeolite powder (≤10 mesh) and biochar (≤10 mesh) were mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 15:90 to obtain component B, ready for use;

[0036] (3) Select a saline-alkali soil in Chengdu, eastern Sichuan Province as a test plot to measure the initial pH value, salt content and soil bulk density (BD). Prepare A and B components according to the amount of 29 kg of A component and 105 kg of B component per mu of land. First, filter the A component, dilute the filtrate 1000 times, and evenly spray it onto the test plot. Then, mix the residue of the A component with the B component evenly and evenly scatter it onto the test plot. Air the land for 2 days, mechanically plow to a depth of about 20 cm, with a leakage plowing rate ≤5% and a re-plowing rate ≤5%. After plowing, place it for 2 months, measure the pH value, salt content and soil bulk density of the soil, and verify the improvement effect.

[0037] Test results: The test plot selected in Comparative Example 1 is 3 plots of 10 x 10 m 2 in size, spaced at least 5 m apart. The initial pH value of the soil is 9.53, the salt content is 4.12 g / kg, and the BD is 1.32 g / cm 3 (the same plot selected as in Example 1); after improvement, the average pH value of the 3 test plots is 7.39, the salt content is 3.07 g / kg (a decrease of 25.5%), and the BD is 0.98 g / cm 3 (a decrease of 25.8%). Compared with Example 1, the salt content decreased significantly less after omitting potassium fulvate, indicating that potassium fulvate affected the ability of biomass charcoal and zeolite exchange metal ions.

[0038] Comparative Example 2 (compared with Example 1, omitting zeolite powder)

[0039] Saline-alkali soil improvement:

[0040] (1) Select fresh, non-molded banana peels, cut into small pieces no longer than 2 cm, add 1 / 3 the mass of brown sugar to the banana peels and 3.5 times the mass of water to the banana peels, and ferment in a cool place for 120 days. The environmental temperature during fermentation is stabilized at 20-30°C. The fermentation product obtained by fermentation is used as A component;

[0041] (2) Mix potassium fulvate (≤80 mesh) and biomass charcoal (≤10 mesh) in a mass ratio of 4:90 to obtain B component, and wait for use;

[0042] (3) Select a saline-alkali soil in Chengdu, eastern Sichuan Province as the test plot to measure the initial pH value, salt content and soil bulk density (BD). Prepare A and B components according to the amount of 29 kg of A component and 94 kg of B component per mu of land. First, filter the A component, dilute the filtrate 1000 times, and evenly spray it onto the test plot. Then, mix the residue of the A component with the B component evenly, and evenly scatter it onto the test plot. Air the land for 2 days, mechanically plow to a depth of about 20 cm, with a leakage plowing rate ≤5% and a heavy plowing rate ≤5%. After plowing is completed, place it for 2 months, measure the pH value, salt content and soil bulk density of the soil, and verify the improvement effect.

[0043] Test results: The test plots selected in Example 1 are 3 plots of 10x10m 2 in size, with a spacing of not less than 5m from each other. The initial pH value of the soil is 9.53, the salt content is 4.12g / kg, and the BD is 1.32g / cm 3 (the same plot as selected in Example 1); after improvement, the average pH value of the 3 test plots is 7.52, the salt content is 3.32g / kg (decrease ratio 19.4%), and the BD is 1.10g / cm 3 (decrease ratio 16.7%).

[0044] Comparative Example 3 (compared with Example 1, omitting biomass charcoal)

[0045] Saline-alkali soil improvement:

[0046] (1) Select fresh, non-molded banana peels, cut into small pieces with a length of not more than 2 cm, add brown sugar in an amount of 1 / 3 of the mass of the banana peels and water in an amount of 3.5 times the mass of the banana peels, and ferment in a cool place for 120 days. The environmental temperature during fermentation is stabilized at 20-30℃. The fermentation product obtained by fermentation is used as A component;

[0047] (2) Mix potassium fulvate (≤80 mesh) and zeolite powder (≤10 mesh) uniformly in a mass ratio of 4:15 to obtain B component, and wait for use;

[0048] (3) Select a saline-alkali soil in Chengdu, eastern Sichuan Province as the test plot to measure the initial pH value, salt content and soil bulk density (BD). Prepare A and B components according to the amount of 29 kg of A component and 19 kg of B component per mu of land. First, filter the A component, dilute the filtrate 1000 times, and evenly spray it onto the test plot. Then, mix the residue of the A component with the B component evenly, and evenly scatter it onto the test plot. Air the land for 2 days, mechanically plow to a depth of about 20 cm, with a leakage plowing rate ≤5% and a heavy plowing rate ≤5%. After plowing is completed, place it for 2 months, measure the pH value, salt content and soil bulk density of the soil, and verify the improvement effect.

[0049] Test results: The test plots selected in Example 1 are 3 plots of 10x10m2 The size of the plot is not less than 5m apart from each other. The initial pH value of the soil is 9.53, the salt content is 4.12g / kg, and the BD is 1.32g / cm 3 (the same plot as selected in Example 1); after improvement, the average pH value of the three test plots is 7.61, the salt content is 3.16g / kg (decrease ratio 19.4%), and the BD is 1.17g / cm 3 (decrease ratio 19.4%).

[0050] Comparative Example 4 (compared with Example 1, the filtrate of A component is changed)

[0051] Improvement of saline-alkali soil:

[0052] (1) Fresh banana peels without mildew are selected, cut into small pieces with a length of not more than 2cm, 1 / 3 mass of brown sugar of the banana peels is added, and 3.5 times mass of water of the banana peels is added, and fermentation is carried out in a cool place for 120 days. The environmental temperature is stabilized at 20-30℃ during the fermentation process. The fermentation product obtained by fermentation is used as A component, and is used as needed;

[0053] (2) Potassium fulvic acid (≤80 mesh), zeolite powder (≤10 mesh) and biomass charcoal (≤10 mesh) are mixed uniformly in a mass ratio of 4:15:90 to obtain B component, and are used as needed;

[0054] (3) A saline-alkali soil in Chengdu, east of Sichuan Province, is selected as a test plot to measure the initial pH value, salt content and soil bulk density (BD). A and B components are prepared according to the amount of 29kg of A component and 109kg of B component per mu of land. First, the A component is filtered, and the filtrate is discarded. The pH value is adjusted to 3.5 with acetic acid. The prepared solution (the pH value and the content of each bacterial species are prepared according to the filtrate of A component in Example 1) has a lactic acid bacteria content of 4.1×10 6 CFU / mL, a acetic acid bacteria content of 2.9×10 5 CFU / mL and a yeast content of 3.6×10 7 CFU / mL. The prepared solution is diluted 1000 times, and is uniformly sprayed into the test plot. The residue of the A component is mixed uniformly with the B component, and is uniformly scattered into the test plot. After airing for 2 days, mechanical ploughing is carried out with a depth of about 20cm, and the leakage ploughing rate is ≤5% and the re-ploughing rate is ≤5%. After ploughing is completed, the soil is placed for 2 months, and the pH value, salt content and soil bulk density of the soil are measured to verify the improvement effect.

[0055] Test results: the test plot selected in Example 1 is three plots of 10×10m 2 The size of the plot is not less than 5m apart from each other. The initial pH value of the soil is 9.53, the salt content is 4.12g / kg, and the BD is 1.32g / cm 3(average pH value of 3 test plots is 7.49, salt content is 2.52 g / kg (decrease ratio 38.8%), and BD is 1.05 g / cm 3 (decrease ratio 20.5%).

[0056] Comparative Example 5 (compared with Example 1, the method of using the soil conditioner is changed)

[0057] Saline-alkali soil improvement:

[0058] (1) fresh banana peels without mildew were selected, cut into small pieces with a length of no more than 2 cm, 1 / 3 mass of brown sugar was added to the banana peels, and 3.5 times mass of water was added to the banana peels, and fermentation was carried out in a cool place for 120 days, the environmental temperature was stabilized at 20-30℃ during the fermentation process, and the fermentation product obtained by fermentation was used as component A, and was used as needed;

[0059] (2) potassium fulvate (≤80 mesh), zeolite powder (≤10 mesh), and biomass charcoal (≤10 mesh) were mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 4:15:90 to obtain component B, and were used as needed;

[0060] (3) a saline-alkali soil in Chengdu, east of Sichuan Province, was selected as a test plot to measure the initial pH value, salt content, and soil bulk density (BD), components A and B were prepared according to the amount of 29 kg of component A and 109 kg of component B per mu of land, component A was filtered first, the filter residue was mixed uniformly with component B, and was uniformly scattered to the test plot, and was aired for 2 days, and was mechanically ploughed to a depth of about 20 cm, with a leakage ploughing rate of ≤5% and a re-ploughing rate of ≤5%, then the filtrate of component A was diluted 1000 times, and was uniformly sprayed to the test plot; after being placed for 2 months, the pH value, salt content, and soil bulk density of the soil were measured to verify the improvement effect.

[0061] Test results: the test plot selected in Example 1 was 3 plots of 10x10 m 2 in size, and were spaced apart from each other by no less than 5 m. The initial pH value of the soil was 9.53, the salt content was 4.12 g / kg, and the BD was 1.32 g / cm 3 (the average pH value of the 3 test plots after improvement was 8.11, the salt content was 3.62 g / kg (decrease ratio 12.1%), and the BD was 1.09 g / cm 3 (decrease ratio 17.4%). In the case of changing the method of using the soil conditioner, the improvement effect was obviously reduced.

[0062] The above described embodiments are only to illustrate the preferred modes of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification and improvement made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for using a soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The A component is filtered, the filtrate is diluted 800-1000 times, and then sprayed on the saline-alkali soil, then the residue is mixed with the B component, and then uniformly spread on the saline-alkali soil, and then placed for 2-3 days, ploughed, and placed for not less than 1 month to complete soil improvement; The soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil is composed of A component and B component, wherein the A component is a fermentation product of fresh fruit peel and sugar fermented in water; the B component is potassium fulvate, zeolite powder and biomass charcoal; The fermentation product is 25-40 parts, the potassium fulvate is 3-4 parts, the zeolite powder is 15-20 parts, and the biomass charcoal is 80-100 parts; The mass ratio of fresh fruit peel, sugar and water in the raw material of the fermentation product is 3:1:9-11; The particle size of the potassium fulvate is not more than 80 mesh, and the particle size of the zeolite powder and the biomass charcoal is not more than 10 mesh; The preparation steps of the soil remediation agent suitable for saline-alkali soil comprise: Fresh fruit peel and sugar are added to water, and then fermented to obtain a fermentation product, which is the A component; The potassium fulvate, zeolite powder and biomass charcoal are uniformly mixed to obtain the B component; The fermentation time is 120-150 days, and the temperature is 20-30 DEG C.

2. The method of use of claim 1, wherein, The application amount of the A component is 25-40 kg / acre, and the application amount of the B component is 100-120 kg / acre.

3. The method of use of claim 1, wherein, The ploughing depth is 15-25 cm, and the leakage ploughing rate is ≤5%, and the re-ploughing rate is ≤5%.