Window assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The present application provides a vehicle window assembly and vehicle, the window assembly including a laser radar and window glass. The window glass includes a first transparent plate, a thermoplastic interlayer, and a second transparent plate arranged in a stacked manner. The laser radar is disposed on a side of the second transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer. The laser radar is configured to generate P-polarized light, wherein the wavelength of the P-polarized light is within the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, and the P-polarized light is incident on the second transparent plate at an angle of incidence of 55° to 70°. The window glass has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 90% for the incident P-polarized light. The laser radar is disposed on the inside of the window glass, and the window glass has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 90% for P-polarized light within the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm. This allows a greater amount of the P-polarized light emitted by the laser radar to be transmitted through the window glass, thereby avoiding affecting the practical application of the laser radar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle components, and in particular to a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Vehicles have always been an important means of transportation for humans, and autonomous vehicle technology has been a key research area in recent years. According to the "Autonomous Driving Classification" standard, autonomous driving levels are divided into L0 (emergency assistance), L1 (partial driving assistance), L2 (combined driving assistance), L3 (conditional autonomous driving), L4 (highly autonomous driving), and L5 (fully autonomous driving). The current mainstream industry consensus is that vehicles above L2 must be equipped with LiDAR.

[0003] The laser wavelengths emitted by the LiDAR used on vehicles are 905nm and 1550nm. The advantage of lasers is that they are focused so that they do not diverge over very long distances. However, this makes it impossible to bypass obstacles and will be greatly interfered with in rainy, foggy, windy and sandy weather, or even fail to work. Therefore, the market trend and demand is to fully integrate the LiDAR installed on the outside of the vehicle in existing technologies into the interior of the vehicle, especially to install it on the inner surface of the windshield. However, the lasers emitted and received by the LiDAR installed in the vehicle need to be transmitted through the window glass. The wavelengths of 905nm and 1550nm both belong to the near-infrared band, but existing window glass has a high blocking rate for near-infrared rays to improve the thermal comfort inside the vehicle. This makes the transmittance of lasers with wavelengths of 905nm and 1550nm through the window glass low, which is insufficient to support the practical application of LiDAR. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application discloses a vehicle window assembly that can solve technical problems such as low transmittance of lasers emitted and received by a laser radar through vehicle window glass.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a vehicle window assembly, which includes a laser radar and a vehicle window glass, wherein the vehicle window glass includes a first transparent plate, a thermoplastic interlayer, and a second transparent plate that are stacked together, and the laser radar is arranged on the side of the second transparent plate away from the thermoplastic interlayer. The laser radar is used to generate P-polarized light, and the wavelength of the P-polarized light is in the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm. The P-polarized light is incident on the second transparent plate at an incident angle of 55°-70°, and the vehicle window glass has a transmittance greater than or equal to 90% for the incident P-polarized light.

[0006] The lidar is disposed inside the window glass, and the window glass has a P-polarized light transmittance of greater than or equal to 90% in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm, so that more of the P-polarized light emitted by the lidar is transmitted through the window glass, thereby avoiding affecting the actual application of the lidar.

[0007] Optionally, the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate has a first refractive index for natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate has a second refractive index for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.

[0008] Optionally, the range of the first refractive index is 1.450 - 1.485, and the range of the second refractive index is 1.435 - 1.468.

[0009] Optionally, the P-polarized light generated by the lidar is pure P-polarized light.

[0010] Optionally, the P-polarized light generated by the lidar includes P-polarized light and S-polarized light, and the proportion of the S-polarized light is less than or equal to 20%.

[0011] Optionally, the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate has a first transmittance for natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate has a second transmittance for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first transmittance is less than the second transmittance.

[0012] Optionally, the range of the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate is 0.04 cm -1 ~0.2 cm -1 .

[0013] Optionally, the range of the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate is 0.05 cm -1 ~0.18 cm -1 .

[0014] Optionally, the range of the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate is 0.07 cm -1 ~0.12 cm -1 .

[0015] Optionally, an antireflection coating is provided on the surface of the first transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer and / or on the surface of the second transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer, and the antireflection coating is used to increase the transmittance of the incident P-polarized light through the window glass by at least 1.2%.

[0016] Optionally, through holes are provided in the area of the second transparent plate corresponding to the lidar, and / or through holes are provided in the area of the thermoplastic interlayer corresponding to the lidar.

[0017] Optionally, an antireflection coating is provided on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic interlayer, and the antireflection coating is used to increase the transmittance of the incident P-polarized light through the window glass by at least 1.2%.

[0018] Optionally, the thickness of the antireflection coating in the stacking direction ranges from 200 nm to 1200 nm.

[0019] Optionally, an infrared reflection coating or an infrared absorption coating is provided on at least 70% of the area on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic interlayer or on the surface of the second transparent plate close to the thermoplastic interlayer, and the infrared reflection coating or the infrared absorption coating is not provided in the area corresponding to the lidar on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic interlayer or on the surface of the second transparent plate close to the thermoplastic interlayer.

[0020] Optionally, the total solar transmittance of the window glass is less than or equal to 50%.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the window assembly and the vehicle frame as described in the first aspect. The window glass is mounted on the vehicle frame, and the lidar is mounted on the window glass or the vehicle frame, and the lidar is located inside the vehicle. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a window assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a window assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a window assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a window assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic top view of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Label description: Window assembly - 1, lidar - 11, window glass - 12, first transparent plate - 121, second transparent plate - 122, shielding layer - 123, thermoplastic interlayer - 124, heat insulation layer - 125, through hole - 126, antireflection coating - 127, vehicle - 2, vehicle frame - 21. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] The present application provides a window assembly. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 , a schematic cross-sectional view of a window assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application. The window assembly 1 includes a lidar 11 and a window glass 12. The window glass 12 includes a first transparent plate 121, a thermoplastic interlayer 124, and a second transparent plate 122 stacked. The lidar 11 is disposed on a side of the second transparent plate 122 facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer 124. The lidar 11 is used to generate P-polarized light. The wavelength of the P-polarized light is in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm. The P-polarized light is incident on the second transparent plate 122 at an incident angle of 55° - 70°. The window glass 12 has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 90% for the incident P-polarized light.

[0032] In this embodiment, the window glass 12 is laminated glass. The first transparent plate 121 serves as the outer glass of the window glass 12, and the second transparent plate 122 serves as the inner glass of the window glass 12. The lidar 11 is disposed on a side of the second transparent plate 122 facing away from the first transparent plate 121. That is to say, the lidar 11 is disposed inside the vehicle, which plays a role in protecting the lidar 11.

[0033] It should be noted that the lidar 11 emits laser light and receives the laser light reflected by the object to be measured, and thus calculates the distance between the object to be measured and the lidar 11 according to the time-of-flight method (ToF) or frequency-modulated continuous wave method (FMCW) of the laser. Since the lidar 11 is arranged inside the vehicle, therefore, it is required that the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a high transmittance for the laser light emitted by the lidar 11. Within the working wavelength range of the lidar 11, the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a higher transmittance for P-polarized light than for natural light.

[0034] The so-called P-polarized light means that when light penetrates the surface of an optical element (such as a beam splitter) at a non-perpendicular angle, both the reflection and transmission characteristics depend on the polarization phenomenon. In this case, the coordinate system used is defined by the plane containing the input and reflected light beams. If the polarization vector of the light is in this plane, it is called P-polarized light, and if the polarization vector is perpendicular to this plane, it is called S-polarized light, and any input polarization state can be represented as the vector sum of S and P components.

[0035] Specifically, the incident angle range of the laser light emitted by the lidar 11 onto the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 is 55° - 70°. That is to say, when the installation angle range of the window assembly 1 is 20° - 35°, it is beneficial for the laser light emitted by the lidar 11 to transmit through the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, reducing the influence of Fresnel reflection.

[0036] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the lidar 11 is arranged inside the window glass 12, and the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a P-polarized light transmittance of greater than or equal to 90% within the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm, so that more of the P-polarized light emitted by the lidar 11 transmits through the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, thus avoiding affecting the actual application of the lidar 11.

[0037] It can be understood that the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 may also have a P-polarized light transmittance of greater than or equal to 93% within the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm; preferably, the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 may also have a P-polarized light transmittance of greater than or equal to 95% within the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm, and this application does not limit this.

[0038] In a possible implementation manner, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2A schematic cross-sectional view of the window assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application. The window glass 12 further includes a shielding layer 123 and a heat insulation layer 125 that are sequentially stacked.

[0039] Specifically, the shielding layer 123 is used to shield the structures inside the window glass 12, preventing direct observation of some of the structures inside the window glass 12 from outside the window glass 12, thereby enhancing the overall aesthetic degree. Through holes 126 are also provided in the shielding layer 123 and the heat insulation layer 125. The through holes 126 enable the signals emitted by the lidar 11 to pass through the shielding layer 123 and the heat insulation layer 125 through the through holes 126, or receive the signals transmitted from outside the window glass 12 to the lidar 11 through the through holes 126. It can be understood that in other possible embodiments, the shielding layer 123 can also be provided on the side of the second transparent plate 122 facing away from the first transparent plate 121, and the present application does not limit this.

[0040] In this embodiment, both the first transparent plate 121 and the second transparent plate 122 are made of glass sheets with a thickness of 2.1 mm in the stacking direction. The thermoplastic interlayer 124 uses 0.76 mm of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The first transparent plate 121, the thermoplastic interlayer 124, and the second transparent plate 122 are combined to form laminated glass.

[0041] It can be understood that in other possible embodiments, the type of glass selected is determined according to the use. The first transparent plate 121 mainly needs to cope with the durability and impact resistance against external obstacles, so the first transparent plate 121 is preferably made of relatively thick glass. To meet the lightweight requirement, the total thickness of the first transparent plate 121 and the second transparent plate 122 is reduced, and the second transparent plate 122 can be made of glass with a relatively small thickness. To meet the strength requirements of the window glass 12, the second transparent plate 122 can also be tempered to improve its strength. The first transparent plate 121 and the second transparent plate 122 can be either planar or curved, and the present application does not limit this.

[0042] It can be understood that in other possible embodiments, the thermoplastic interlayer 124 may be PVB, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane (PU), cyclic olefin polymer (COP), polyolefin elastomer (POE), etc. Among them, PVB has excellent adhesion and penetration resistance to the glass plate. At the same time, considering the sound insulation comfort, therefore, the thermoplastic interlayer 124 is preferably sound-insulating PVB. The thermoplastic interlayer 124 is formed of at least one film, or may be composed of a three-layer structure in which a soft core layer is clamped by a harder outer layer. The present application does not limit this, as long as it is composed of a multi-layer structure having a core layer and at least one outer layer disposed on one side of the first transparent plate 121. For example, a two-layer intermediate film composed of a core layer and an outer layer disposed on one side of the first transparent plate 121; or an intermediate film with an even number of two or more outer layers disposed on both sides centered on the core layer, or an odd number of outer layers disposed on one side clamping the core layer and an even number of outer layers disposed on the other side.

[0043] In addition, in the case of only providing one outer layer, the outer layer is disposed closer to the first transparent plate 121, which can improve the breakage resistance to external forces from outside the vehicle. At the same time, when the number of outer layers is large, the sound insulation performance also becomes higher. The outer layer material may be composed of PVB. The core layer may be ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or PVB softer than the PVB constituting the outer layer. By sandwiching the soft core layer in the middle, the same adhesion and penetration resistance as that of a single-layer resin intermediate film can be maintained, and the sound insulation performance can be greatly improved.

[0044] The intermediate film may also adopt a wedge-shaped film for head-up display. In this case, the minimum thickness parts of the core layer and the outer layer of the intermediate film are at the lowermost part of the window glass 12, and the first transparent plate 121 and the second transparent plate 122 are not arranged in parallel, but such an arrangement is also included in the window glass 12 of the present application.

[0045] In this embodiment, the heat insulation layer 125 meets the heat insulation and sun protection requirements and improves the comfort inside the vehicle. The heat insulation layer 125 may be an infrared reflection coating, or an infrared absorption coating, etc. The present application does not limit this as long as it does not affect the setting of the heat insulation layer 125 between the first transparent plate 121 and the second transparent plate 122. In order to prevent the heat insulation layer 125 from blocking the laser emitted and / or received by the lidar 11, the heat insulation layer 125 is not provided in the area of the window glass 12 corresponding to the lidar 11.

[0046] The infrared reflective coating includes at least one metal layer or transparent conductive oxide layer. The film material of the metal layer can be any material capable of reflecting infrared energy, such as (but not limited to) silver, gold, aluminum, copper, etc., preferably silver or a silver-containing alloy, where the silver alloy is preferably an alloy of silver with at least one of gold, aluminum, and copper; The infrared reflective coating containing a metal layer can be exemplified as a single-silver coating, double-silver coating, triple-silver coating, or silver alloy coating, etc.; The transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer can be ITO (indium tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), etc. The infrared reflective coating may also include a dielectric layer, a barrier layer, and a protective layer, etc. The dielectric layer may include multiple film layers, such as including Si3N4, ZnSnO x 、ZnSnMgO x or ZnSnNiO x ,Certainly, it may also include at least one of oxides of metals such as Zn, Sn, Mg, Ti, Ta, Nb, Bi, Zr, Si, Al and their alloys, or at least one selected from nitrides and oxynitrides of metals such as Si, Al, Ti, Ta, Zr, Nb and their alloys; The material of the barrier layer is at least one of metals, oxides, nitrides, oxynitrides, incomplete oxides, incomplete nitrides, and incomplete oxynitrides of metals such as Ti, Ni, Cr, Al, Zr, Zn, Nb, Ta and their alloys; The material of the protective layer is SiO x 、SiN x 、SiO x N y 、SiAlO x 、SiAlO x N y 、SiAlN y 、ZrO x 、ZrMO x etc. The infrared absorbing coating can be prepared on the glass surface by the sol-gel method to form an inorganic infrared absorbing component after curing. Specifically, inorganic silanolates, organic solvents, silane coupling agents, catalysts, and deionized water can be selected, and silica sol is obtained after mixing and stirring; Then, the silica sol, transparent conductive oxide nanoparticles, and additives are mixed and stirred to obtain an infrared absorbing and heat-insulating coating solution.

[0047] As described above, there are many types of the heat-insulating layer 125 and large process differences. In this embodiment, preferably, the heat-insulating layer 125 is selected from a single-silver coating, double-silver coating, triple-silver coating, silver alloy coating, etc.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a first refractive index for natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a second refractive index for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.

[0049] It should be noted that in the current LiDAR technology for autonomous driving vehicles, the two latest applicable main wavelengths are in the near-infrared (NIR) band of 905 nm and 1550 nm. However, the transmittance of glass in the prior art for the NIR band is low, and due to Fresnel reflection, the signal is lost every time it passes through the glass.

[0050] In this embodiment, when the incident angle range of the laser emitted by the lidar 11 onto the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 is 55° - 70°, the light source of the lidar 11 is selected as P-polarized light or mainly P-polarized light, which can achieve a high transmittance of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for the NIR band signal. In particular, at the Brewster angle, complete transmission can be achieved without reflection.

[0051] Specifically, the so-called Brewster angle (also known as the polarization angle) is the incident angle at which light with a specific polarization passes through the surface of a transparent medium with complete transmission and no reflection.

[0052] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a small refractive index for the laser in the NIR band. That is to say, after the laser emitted by the lidar 11 passes through the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, the refraction generated is small, which is beneficial to the measurement of the object to be measured by the lidar 11.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the first refractive index ranges from 1.450 to 1.485, and the second refractive index ranges from 1.435 to 1.468.

[0054] It can be understood that in this embodiment, both the first refractive index and the second refractive index are small, so that after the laser emitted by the lidar 11 passes through the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, the refraction generated is small, which is beneficial to the measurement of the object to be measured by the lidar 11.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the P-polarized light generated by the lidar 11 is pure P-polarized light.

[0056] Specifically, for the P-polarized light and S-polarized light, please refer to the above description and will not be elaborated here. When the P-polarized light is incident on the second transparent plate 122 at an incident angle of 55°-70°, since the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a higher transmittance for P-polarized light than natural light within the working wavelength range of the lidar 11, the laser emitted by the lidar 11 is selected as P-polarized light, or mainly P-polarized light.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the P-polarized light generated by the lidar 11 includes P-polarized light and S-polarized light, and the proportion of the S-polarized light is less than or equal to 20%.

[0058] It can be understood that when the laser emitted by the lidar 11 is P-polarized light and S-polarized light, among them, the proportion of the S-polarized light can be less than or equal to 10%; specifically, the proportion of the S-polarized light can also be less than or equal to 5%; preferably, the proportion of the S-polarized light can also be less than or equal to 1%, and the present application does not limit this.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a first transmittance for natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a second transmittance for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first transmittance is less than the second transmittance.

[0060] It can be understood that in this implementation, the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 have a greater transmittance for the laser in the NIR band, so that after the laser emitted by the lidar 11 passes through the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, less reflection is generated, which is beneficial to the measurement of the lidar 11 for the object to be measured.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the range of the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 is 0.04 cm -1 ~0.2 cm -1 .

[0062] In this embodiment, the light absorption coefficient refers to the negative value of the natural logarithm of the internal transmittance per centimeter of the natural light passing through the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122. When the laser emitted by the lidar 11 is perpendicularly incident on the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, the light intensity is attenuated due to the absorption of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, and then the light absorption coefficient value can be calculated by measuring the natural light transmittance of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122. Specifically, the light absorption coefficient value is calculated using the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] Wherein, K is the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122, l is the thickness of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 in the stacking direction, n is the refractive index of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for the laser of a specific wavelength, and T is the transmittance of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for the laser of a specific wavelength.

[0065] Specifically, in other possible embodiments, the range of the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 can also be 0.05 cm -1 -0.18 cm -1 ; preferably, the range of the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 can also be 0.07 cm -1 -0.12 cm -1 .

[0066] In a possible embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application. An antireflection coating 127 is provided on the surface of the first transparent plate 121 facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer 124 and / or on the surface of the second transparent plate 122 facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer 124. The antireflection coating 127 is used to increase the transmittance of the incident P-polarized light through the window glass 12 by at least 1.2%, more preferably 1.5%.

[0067] Specifically, when the antireflection coating 127 is a two-layer film, the structure from the surface of the window glass 12 outward is a high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer; when the antireflection coating 127 is a three-layer film, the structure from the surface of the window glass 12 outward is a high refractive index layer / medium refractive index layer / low refractive index layer or a medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer; when the antireflection coating 127 is a four-layer film, the structure from the surface of the window glass 12 outward is a high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer; when the antireflection coating 127 is a multi-layer film, from the surface of the window glass 12 outward, it is a stacked arrangement structure of a high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer, and the refractive index of the outermost layer material is the lowest.

[0068] Among them, the refractive index difference between adjacent two layers of the high refractive index layer, the medium refractive index layer, and the low refractive index layer is preferably greater than or equal to 0.3, and the material of the high refractive index layer is selected from at least one of AlN, Si3N4, Si, TiO2, ZrO2, Fe2O3, TiN x , Nb2O5, Ta2O5, DLC, MoO x , CeO2, CuO, BiO, CrO x Among them, the material of the medium refractive index layer is selected from at least one of Al2O3, AlN, Si3N4, TiO2, MgO, NdO x , SbO x , ZnO, ZrO2, MoO x Among them, the material of the low refractive index layer is selected from at least one of Al2O3, SiO2, SiON, AlON, MgO, MF x , WO x Among them. It can be understood that the material of the antireflection coating 127 is not limited to the materials listed above.

[0069] In this embodiment, the antireflection coating 127 is provided corresponding to the through hole 126. It can be understood that in other possible embodiments, the antireflection coating 127 can also cover the entire surface of the second transparent plate 122, and the present application does not limit this.

[0070] It should be noted that the area of the heat insulation layer 125 corresponding to the lidar needs to be defilmed, and the antireflection coating 127 can also retain the coating in the area corresponding to the lidar as needed and defilm the area not corresponding to the lidar. Specifically, both can be achieved by technical processes such as covering or laser. It can be understood that due to the setting of the antireflection coating 127 and the through hole 126, the window glass 12 can also have a P-polarized light transmittance of greater than or equal to 94% in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm, and the present application does not limit this.

[0071] In a possible implementation, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the window assembly provided for another implementation of this application. A through hole 126 is provided in the area of the second transparent plate 122 corresponding to the lidar 11, and / or a through hole 126 is provided in the area of the thermoplastic interlayer 124 corresponding to the lidar 11.

[0072] Specifically, the laser emitted by the lidar 11 enters the window glass 12 through the through hole 126. It can be understood that in this implementation, due to the setting of the through hole 126, the part of the laser emitted by the lidar 11 reflected or absorbed by the window glass 12 is further reduced.

[0073] It should be noted that both the first transparent plate 121 and the second transparent plate 122 need to meet the above-mentioned limitations on the refractive index and light absorption coefficient; and when the through hole 126 is provided on the second transparent plate 122, only the first transparent plate 121 needs to meet the above-mentioned limitations on the refractive index and light absorption coefficient.

[0074] It can be understood that due to the setting of the through hole 126, preferably, the window glass 12 may also have a P-polarized light transmittance of greater than or equal to 95% in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm, and this application does not limit this.

[0075] In a possible implementation, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the window assembly provided for another implementation of this application. An antireflection coating 127 is provided on the surface of the first transparent plate 121 close to the thermoplastic interlayer 124, and the antireflection coating 127 is used to increase the transmittance of the incident P-polarized light through the window glass 12 by at least 1.2%, more preferably 1.5%.

[0076] It can be understood that the antireflection coating 127 can also be provided at other positions of the window assembly 1. For example, the antireflection coating 127 can also be provided on the surface of the first transparent plate 121 facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer 124, and this application does not limit this.

[0077] In a possible implementation, the thickness range of the antireflection coating 127 in the lamination direction is 200 nm - 1200 nm. It can be understood that in other possible implementations, the antireflection coating 127 may also have other thicknesses in the lamination direction, and this application does not limit this.

[0078] In a possible implementation, an infrared reflection coating or an infrared absorption coating is provided on at least 70% of the surface of the first transparent plate 121 close to the thermoplastic interlayer 124 or on the surface of the second transparent plate 122 close to the thermoplastic interlayer 124, and the infrared reflection coating or the infrared absorption coating is not provided on the area of the surface of the first transparent plate 121 close to the thermoplastic interlayer 124 or on the surface of the second transparent plate 122 close to the thermoplastic interlayer 124 corresponding to the lidar 11.

[0079] In a possible implementation, the total solar transmittance of the window glass 12 is less than or equal to 50% to reduce the heat transfer between the inside and the outside of the vehicle and ensure the heat insulation effect of the window glass 12.

[0080] Next, the setting of the heat insulation layer 125 and the antireflection coating 127 will be described in detail.

[0081] Specifically, the heat insulation layer 125 is selected as a functional silver layer. The functional silver layer can be deposited on the glass surface by magnetron sputtering, can be plated on the second transparent plate 122, or can be plated on the first transparent plate 121, as long as the film layer faces the thermoplastic interlayer 124 and is connected to the thermoplastic interlayer 124.

[0082] According to the film system design requirements of the heat insulation layer 125, a horizontal or vertical vacuum magnetron sputtering coating equipment is used, and the substrate size meets the requirements of the window glass 12. Due to the design requirements, the heat insulation layer 125 does not need to be coated on the whole surface, and the heat insulation layer 125 in the area corresponding to the window area of the lidar 11 needs to be removed, and the periphery of the whole window glass 12 (i.e., the area corresponding to the printed black edge) also needs to be removed. The film removal width required by different customers is different. Specifically, there are the following methods to achieve local coating: a direct method is to coat the whole surface of the glass and then use a laser to remove the areas that do not need to be coated; another method is to use a mask during the coating process. The mask can block the sputtered material from reaching the glass substrate, so that the film layer is only deposited on the required parts.

[0083] The TCO coating can form the heat insulation layer 125 on the glass surface by magnetron sputtering deposition or high-temperature chemical vapor deposition technology.

[0084] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the antireflection coating 127 can achieve a high transmittance function in the near-infrared band of 800 - 1580 nm. According to the film system design requirements of the antireflection coating 127, a horizontal or vertical vacuum magnetron sputtering coating equipment can be used, which can be continuous or discontinuous, can be in a reactive sputtering mode or a metal sputtering mode, or can be a drum-rotating coating equipment, and the substrate size meets the requirements of automotive windshields.

[0085] When only a relatively small area of the antireflection coating 127 exists, that is, local coating is required. Specifically, there are the following methods to achieve local coating: A direct method is to coat the entire surface of the glass and then use a laser to remove the film from the areas where coating is not required; another method is to use a mask during the coating process. The mask can block the sputtered material from reaching the glass substrate, so that the film layer is only deposited in the required areas.

[0086] It should be noted that the above content has specifically described a method for setting the heat insulation layer 125 and the antireflection coating 127 provided in this application. However, this application is not limited by the specific implementation content described above. Therefore, any improvements, equivalent modifications, replacements, etc. made based on the technical points of this application all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0087] Next, tests are carried out by selecting different original glass sheets. Among them, the window glass 12 includes the first transparent plate 121 and the second transparent plate 122 with a thickness of 2.1 mm each in the stacking direction, and the thermoplastic interlayer 124 of 0.76 mm PVB; at the same time, a combination of the first transparent plate 121, the second transparent plate 122, and the thermoplastic interlayer 124 that can make the window glass 12 meet the lightweight requirements as much as possible can also be selected. The specific test results are shown in the following table.

[0088] Table 1 Test result table of original glass sheet at an incident angle of 90°

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Among them, the original sheet n (905nm) The original glass sheet selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 has a first refractive index for natural light of 905 nm. The original sheet n (1550nm) The original glass sheet selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 has a second refractive index for natural light of 1550 nm; the original sheet K (905nm) The original glass sheet selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 has a light absorption coefficient for natural light of 905 nm; K(1550nm) The light absorption coefficient of the raw sheet glass selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for natural light at 1550 nm; raw sheet T NIR (905nm) The first transmittance of the raw sheet glass selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for natural light at 905 nm; raw sheet T NIR (1550nm) The second transmittance of the raw sheet glass selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for natural light at 1550 nm; wherein, natural light is light that does not directly exhibit polarization phenomena and is measured using a common light source, such as the D65 standard light source adopted by ISO9050, the A light source adopted by ISO13837, etc.

[0092] Table 2 Test result table of incident angle 60°

[0093] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 <![CDATA[Original film - P - T (800-1580nm) > 97.88％ 98.19％ 96.08％ 95.62％ 95.44％ 95.13％ <![CDATA[Interlayer - P - T (800-1580nm) > 92.02％ 92.89％ 91.62％ 91.98％ 91.03％ 91.27％ <![CDATA[Interlayer + AR-P-T (800-1580nm) > 93.83％ 94.41％ 93.53％ 93.45％ 92.97％ 92.77％

[0094] Wherein, raw sheet - P - T (800-1580nm) The transmittance of the raw sheet glass selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for P-polarized light in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm incident at an incident angle of 60 degrees, interlayer - P - T (800-1580nm) The transmittance of the stacked first transparent plate 121, the thermoplastic interlayer 124, and the second transparent plate 122 for P-polarized light in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm incident at an incident angle of 60 degrees, interlayer + AR - P - T (800-1580nm) The transmittance of the stacked first transparent plate 121, the thermoplastic interlayer 124, the second transparent plate 122, and the antireflection coating 127 for P-polarized light in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm incident at an incident angle of 60 degrees;

[0095] Table 3 Test result table of incident angle 66°

[0096] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 <![CDATA[Original film - P - T (800-1580nm) > 94.68％ 95.79％ 93.08％ 93.62％ 94.44％ 94.57％ <![CDATA[Interlayer - P - T (800-1580nm) > 91.08％ 91.86％ 90.78％ 90.77％ 90.77％ 91.05％ <![CDATA[Interlayer + AR-P-T (800-1580nm) > 92.83％ 93.36％ 92.59％ 92.11％ 92.65％ 92.44％

[0097] Wherein, raw sheet - P - T (800-1580nm) The transmittance of the raw sheet glass selected for the first transparent plate 121 and / or the second transparent plate 122 for P-polarized light in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm incident at an incident angle of 66 degrees, interlayer - P - T (800-1580nm) The transmittance of the stacked first transparent plate 121, the thermoplastic interlayer 124, and the second transparent plate 122 for P-polarized light in the wavelength range of 800 nm - 1580 nm incident at an incident angle of 66 degrees, interlayer + AR - P - T (800-1580nm)The transmittance of the stacked first transparent plate 121, the thermoplastic interlayer 124, the second transparent plate 122, and the antireflection coating 127 for P-polarized light with a wavelength in the range of 800 nm to 1580 nm incident at an incident angle of 66 degrees;

[0098] It can be understood that the above test results show that for a glass substrate within the defined ranges of refractive index, transmittance, and light absorption coefficient, when the incident angle is 55° - 70°, it has at least 93% P-polarized light transmittance in the wavelength range of 800 - 1580 nm; when the incident angle is 55° - 70°, for the laminated glass made of this substrate as the vehicle window glass 12 without the antireflection coating 127, the P-polarized light transmittance in the range of 800 - 1580 nm is at least 90%, which can meet the high transmittance requirements of the lidar located inside the vehicle, ensuring the normal operation and improving the accuracy of the lidar; as can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3, after the antireflection coating 127 is provided on the vehicle window glass 12, the P-polarized light transmittance in the range of 800 - 1580 nm is at least 92%, and the P-polarized light transmittance can be increased by at least 1.2%, even at least 1.5% compared to the vehicle window glass without the antireflection coating 127, and the antireflection coating 127 has an obvious antireflection effect.

[0099] The present application also provides a vehicle 2, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which is a schematic top view of the vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 2 includes the window assembly 1 and the vehicle frame 21 as described above. The vehicle window glass 12 is installed on the vehicle frame 21, and the lidar 11 is installed on the vehicle window glass 12 or the vehicle frame 21, and the lidar 11 is located inside the vehicle 2. Specifically, for the window assembly 1, please refer to the above description and will not be elaborated here.

[0100] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A window assembly, characterized in that, The vehicle window assembly includes a laser radar and a vehicle window glass, wherein the vehicle window glass includes a first transparent plate, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, and a second transparent plate stacked together, wherein the first transparent plate serves as the outer glass of the vehicle window glass, and the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate is in the range of 0.04 cm -1 ~0.2cm -1 The laser radar is arranged on a side of the second transparent plate away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer. The laser radar emits laser and receives laser reflected by the object to be measured. The laser emitted by the laser radar includes P-polarized light. The wavelength of the P-polarized light is within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm. The P-polarized light is incident on the second transparent plate at an incident angle of 55°-70°. The vehicle window glass has a transmittance greater than or equal to 90% for the incident P-polarized light.

2. The window assembly according to claim 1, wherein The first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a first refractive index for natural light of 905 nm, the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a second refractive index for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.

3. The window assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first refractive index ranges from 1.450 to 1.485, and the second refractive index ranges from 1.435 to 1.

468.

4. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emitted by the lidar is pure P-polarized light.

5. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emitted by the lidar includes P-polarized light and S-polarized light, and the proportion of the S-polarized light is less than or equal to 20%.

6. The window assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a first transmittance for natural light of 905 nm, the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a second transmittance for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first transmittance is less than the second transmittance.

7. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light absorption coefficient of the second transparent plate ranges from 0.04 cm -1 to 0.2 cm -1 .

8. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate ranges from 0.05 cm -1 to 0.18 cm -1 .

9. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate ranges from 0.07 cm -1 to 0.12 cm -1 .

10. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, An antireflection coating is provided on the surface of the first transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or on the surface of the second transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the antireflection coating is used to increase the transmittance of the incident P-polarized light through the window glass by at least 1.2%.

11. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second transparent plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the area of the lidar, and / or the thermoplastic intermediate layer is provided with a through hole corresponding to the area of the lidar.

12. The window assembly according to claim 11, wherein, An antireflection coating is provided on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the antireflection coating is used to increase the transmittance of the incident P-polarized light through the window glass by at least 1.2%.

13. The window assembly according to claim 10 or 12, characterized in that, The thickness of the antireflection coating in the stacking direction ranges from 200 nm to 1200 nm.

14. The window assembly according to claim 1, wherein, An infrared reflection coating or an infrared absorption coating is provided on at least 70% of the area on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer or on the surface of the second transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the infrared reflection coating or the infrared absorption coating is not provided in the area corresponding to the lidar on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer or on the surface of the second transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

15. The window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total solar transmittance of the window glass is less than or equal to 50%.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a window assembly as described in any one of claims 1-15 and a vehicle frame. The window glass is installed on the vehicle frame, the lidar is installed on the window glass or the vehicle frame, and the lidar is located inside the vehicle.

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