A device and method for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for simultaneously unloading beams and columns, and relates to the field of building engineering, comprising a plurality of supporting columns which are uniformly distributed around a reinforced concrete column, a plurality of node plates which are circumferentially distributed on the supporting columns, a supporting beam which is connected between corresponding node plates of adjacent supporting columns, and wedge blocks which are arranged between the supporting beam and the reinforced concrete beam in pairs; the top and bottom of the supporting column are connected with pads, and a jack is arranged between the bottom of the supporting column and the reinforced concrete beam, the jack is used for applying prestress and can simultaneously unload the reinforced concrete beam and the reinforced concrete column. The application can simultaneously unload the beams and columns, does not damage the original structure, and can shorten the construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering, and in particular to a support device and method for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns. Background Technology

[0002] During construction, the concrete strength and density of frame columns sometimes fail to meet design requirements, necessitating concrete replacement. Before replacement, the columns should be unloaded by supporting them. Currently, the commonly used replacement method involves constructing reinforced concrete beams or steel beams above and below the column to be replaced, and then installing steel columns between these beams to unload the column. This requires openings in the floor slab for the replacement columns. However, this approach has the following drawbacks:

[0003] (1) The beams and floor slabs cannot be unloaded directly and need to be supported by support frames, resulting in a large construction work area;

[0004] (2) The replacement column needs to penetrate the floor slab, cut the floor slab steel bars, and needs to be repaired later. The replacement beam needs to be drilled, which will damage the original structure.

[0005] (3) Wet work such as concrete beam replacement or floor slab drilling and repair is required, which will affect the construction period and demolition will be required later. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a replacement device and method for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns, which can realize the simultaneous unloading and replacement of beams and columns without damaging the original structure and can shorten the construction period.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a replacement device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns, comprising a plurality of replacement columns evenly distributed around a reinforced concrete column, a plurality of node plates distributed circumferentially around the replacement columns, a replacement beam connected between the node plates corresponding to adjacent replacement columns, and wedges inserted in pairs between the replacement beam and the reinforced concrete beam.

[0009] The top and bottom of the support column are connected to pads, and a jack is installed between the bottom of the support column and the reinforced concrete beam. The jack is used to apply prestress and can unload the reinforced concrete beam and the reinforced concrete column at the same time.

[0010] As a further implementation, stiffening ribs are provided between adjacent node plates, and the length of the node plate extending out of the support column is greater than the length of the stiffening rib extending out of the support column.

[0011] As a further implementation, flange plates are installed at both ends of the support column, and multiple stiffening ribs are provided between the flange plates and the support column;

[0012] The flange plate has multiple bolt holes, and stiffening ribs are arranged between adjacent bolt holes.

[0013] As a further implementation, the support beam is provided with multiple stiffening ribs corresponding to the lower part of the wedge block.

[0014] As a further implementation, the support beam is an H-beam, with both ends of the H-beam connected to the node plate by high-strength bolts.

[0015] As a further implementation, the longitudinal section of the wedge is triangular, and the inclined surfaces of the two wedges are joined together and placed between the support beam and the reinforced concrete beam.

[0016] As a further implementation, the pad includes a column adapted to the support column, with flange plates identical to those on the support column installed at both ends of the column, and cross-shaped stiffening ribs distributed inside the column.

[0017] As a further implementation, the height of the pad is no more than 1.5 times its diameter.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a construction method for a support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns, comprising:

[0019] Anchor bolts were driven into the floor slab and spacers were fixed in place;

[0020] Install the support column, and connect the support column to its top pad block with high-strength bolts;

[0021] Install the support beam, which is connected to the support column by high-strength bolts, so that the upper flange of the support beam is in close contact with the bottom of the reinforced concrete beam.

[0022] Install jacks, insert wedges between the support beam and the reinforced concrete beam, and spot weld them.

[0023] Pre-lift the jacks to achieve the set axial force;

[0024] The replacement construction is carried out on the reinforced concrete column to be replaced, and the replacement device is removed after the concrete reaches the design strength.

[0025] As a further implementation, the lower floor slab of the replacement device is supported to the foundation, and the upper part is supported to three floors above the column to be replaced.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] (1) The support column of the present invention can be spliced ​​in multiple sections. When used with pads and jacks, it can unload beams, slabs and columns at the same time and can be adapted to different height requirements. The support device directly supports beams and slabs without drilling holes at the upper and lower column positions of the support column, thus avoiding damage to the original components and shortening the construction period.

[0028] (2) The replacement device of the present invention can determine the number of layers of the column to be replaced according to the actual project; the end of the replacement column is equipped with pads to avoid damage during construction and can be reused; the node plate is set along the circumference of the replacement column to meet different concrete beam arrangements, and the bolt holes on it are long elliptical holes, which can adjust the position of the replacement beam according to the actual project, and the beam and plate are no longer supported by scaffolding pipes, thus reducing the construction work area.

[0029] (3) The present invention inserts a wedge between the replacement beam and the reinforced concrete beam, which can make the connection between the replacement beam and the reinforced concrete beam tight; the prestress is applied to the replacement structure by jacks to eliminate installation deviation and make its force transmission reliable.

[0030] (4) The present invention provides pads at the ends of the support columns to ensure that the forces at the ends of the support columns are uniform and the forces on the concrete components are uniform. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0032] Figure 1 This is an elevation view of the replacement device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view;

[0034] Figure 3(a) is a front view of the support column according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3(b) is a top view of the support column according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4(a) is a front view of the replacement beam according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4(b) is a side view of the replacement beam according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5(a) is a front view of the node plate according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5(b) is a top view of the node plate according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6(a) is a front view of the pad block according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6(b) is a top view of the pad block according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7(a) is a top view of the wedge block according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7(b) is a front view of the wedge block according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Among them, 1-support column, 2-support beam, 3-pad, 4-node plate, 5-jack, 6-wedge, 7-reinforced concrete column, 8-reinforced concrete beam, 9-flange plate, 10-cross stiffening rib. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns is presented.

[0047] Since existing replacement methods cannot directly unload beams and floor slabs, and replacement requires penetrating the floor slab, damaging the original structure and requiring subsequent repair work, thus extending construction time, this embodiment provides a support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns. Through the cooperation of structures such as support column 1, support beam 2, wedge block 6, and jack 5, beams and columns can be unloaded and supported simultaneously without damaging the original structure.

[0048] The above-mentioned replacement device will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the replacement device mainly includes a replacement column 1, a replacement beam 2, a pad block 3, a node plate 4, a wedge block 6, and a jack 5. Multiple replacement columns 1 are evenly distributed around the reinforced concrete column 7. In this embodiment, four replacement columns 1 are set to form a rectangular distribution to form a stable support. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of replacement columns 1 can be set according to the actual replacement requirements.

[0050] As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), the support column 1 in this embodiment is a cylinder. The model of the support column 1 should be determined by calculation and should meet the strength and stability requirements. Of course, in other embodiments, the support column 1 can also be a box-shaped section or an H-shaped section, etc.

[0051] Both ends of the support column 1 are connected to flange plates 9. Stiffening ribs are provided between the flange plates 9 and the support column 1, and multiple stiffening ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support column 1. Multiple bolt holes are provided on the flange plates 9, and the stiffening ribs are positioned in the gaps between the bolt holes, achieving a strengthening effect without affecting the connection between the support column 1 and the pad block 3. The bolt holes on the flange plates 9 are used for splicing the support column 1 or connecting it to the pad block 3, and the hole diameter should match the bolt diameter.

[0052] In this embodiment, the flange plate 9 is welded to the support column 1, and the stiffening rib is welded to both the flange plate 9 and the support column 1.

[0053] Flange plate 9 is a circular plate with a diameter greater than the diameter of the cylinder plus 150mm and a thickness not less than 20mm. Bolt holes are arranged around the flange plate 9, preferably 8 in total. There should be 8 stiffening ribs, with a thickness of not less than 6mm, a width equal to the length of the free section of flange plate 9, and a height not less than twice the width.

[0054] Multiple node plates 4 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the support column 1, as shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b). The node plate 4 is a rectangular plate with a certain height and a thickness of not less than 12mm and not less than the thickness of the web of the support beam 2 + 2mm. The length of the node plate 4 extending out of the support column 1 is not less than 150mm. Multiple long bolt holes are provided along the height direction of the node plate 4 to meet the bolt installation requirements of different floor heights and different beam heights.

[0055] In this embodiment, eight node plates 4 are arranged around the circumference of the supporting column 1. Different node plates 4 can be selected for connection depending on the angle of the reinforced concrete beam 8. It is understood that in other embodiments, the number of node plates 4 can be other values, depending on the specific arrangement of the reinforced concrete beam.

[0056] Stiffening ribs are provided between adjacent node plates 4, and multiple sets of stiffening ribs are provided at intervals along the height direction of node plate 4; the thickness of stiffening ribs is not less than 12mm, the length extending out of the support column 1 is not less than 50mm, and the vertical spacing is not greater than 200mm. The stiffening ribs enhance the rigidity of the node area of ​​the support column 1.

[0057] Adjacent support columns 1 are connected by support beams 2, and the support beams 2 are fixedly connected to the node plates 4 on the outside of the support columns 1. As shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), the support beams 2 in this embodiment are H-shaped beams, and both ends of the support beams 2 are connected to the node plates 4 by high-strength bolts; the model of the H-shaped beam and the number and size of its end connecting bolts should be determined by calculation.

[0058] Understandably, in other embodiments, the support beam 2 may also be a box-shaped section or a channel steel, etc.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, a wedge 6 is placed between the replacement beam 2 and the reinforced concrete beam 8. A stiffening rib is provided inside the replacement beam 2 corresponding to the lower side of the wedge 6. The stiffening rib is not less than 6mm thick and is welded to the replacement beam 2 on three sides. There are no less than three stiffening ribs provided under the wedge 6.

[0060] It should be noted that wedge 6 can also be replaced with a jack.

[0061] As shown in Figures 7(a) and 7(b), the longitudinal section of the wedge 6 is triangular and has an inclined surface. Pairs of wedges 6 are set between the supporting beam 2 and the reinforced concrete beam 8, that is, the inclined surfaces of the two wedges 6 are in contact, forming a structure with a rectangular longitudinal section. The wedges 6 make the connection between the supporting beam 2 and the reinforced concrete beam 8 tight and the force transmission reliable.

[0062] In this embodiment, the thickness of a single wedge 6 is 0 to 25 mm, and two wedges 6 form a rectangular block with a thickness of 25 mm. The width of the wedge 6 is not less than 200 mm, and the length is not less than the width of the reinforced concrete beam 8.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, both ends of the support column 1 are connected to pads 3. The top pad 3 is connected to the reinforced concrete beam 8, and the bottom pad 3 is supported by jacks 5. The rated load of the jacks 5 is not less than twice the design load, and it has a self-locking function. The jacks 5 are used to apply prestress to the support structure, eliminate installation deviations, and ensure reliable force transmission.

[0064] The pad block 3 is used to bear the concentrated force at the end and to extend the support column 1 to meet the floor height requirements. The height of the pad block 3 is no more than 1.5 times its diameter. As shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b), the pad block 3 includes a column body, a flange plate 9, and stiffening ribs. The dimensions and specifications of the column body and flange plate 9 are the same as those of the support column 1, and the number and size of the bolt holes are also the same as those of the support column 1. The stiffening ribs consist of two parts: the stiffening ribs on the outer side of the column body have a rectangular cross section, and their arrangement and thickness are the same as those of the stiffening ribs in the support column 1. The stiffening ribs inside the column body are cross-shaped stiffening ribs 10 with a thickness of not less than 6 mm, and are welded and fixed to the column body.

[0065] In this embodiment, the support column 1, support beam 2, pad block 3, and wedge block 6 are all made of steel and are connected with bolts, which facilitates installation and disassembly, allows for repeated use, saves materials, and shortens the construction period.

[0066] The replacement device in this embodiment can simultaneously unload beams, slabs, and columns, and the number of layers to be replaced above and below the column can be determined according to the actual project requirements. The replacement column 1 can be spliced ​​into multiple sections, and can be used with pads 3 and jacks 5 to suit different height requirements. The pads 3 at the ends of the replacement column 1 can prevent damage to the replacement column 1 during construction, so that it can be reused. The replacement column 1 is equipped with node plates 4 around its circumference, and the bolt holes on them are elongated elliptical holes, which can adjust the position of the replacement beam 2 according to the actual project requirements. The bolt holes can be selected according to the actual situation, eliminating the need for scaffolding to support the beams and slabs, thus reducing the construction work area.

[0067] The replacement device in this embodiment directly supports beams and slabs, eliminating the need to drill holes in the floor slab and requiring no subsequent floor slab patching. It also eliminates the need to drill holes at the positions of the upper and lower columns of the replacement column 1, thus avoiding damage to the original structure.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] This embodiment provides a construction method for a replacement device used for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns, including:

[0070] Step 1: Measure the floor height, beam height, and beam-column layout on site, and customize the lengths of support column 1 and support beam 2;

[0071] Step 2: Mark the positions of the replacement column 1 and the steel beam on site, and lay out the lines;

[0072] Step 3: Drive anchor bolts into the floor slab and then fix the pad 3;

[0073] Step 4: Install the support column 1. The support column 1 is connected to the upper pad block 3 by high-strength bolts.

[0074] Step 5: Install the support beam 2. The support beam 2 is connected to the steel column by high-strength bolts, so that the upper flange of the support beam 2 is tightly attached to the bottom of the reinforced concrete beam 8.

[0075] Step 6: Install jack 5, ensuring the alignment accuracy between jack 5 and pad block 3;

[0076] Step 7: Drive steel wedges 6 between the support beam 2 and the concrete beam, and spot weld them.

[0077] Step 8: Pre-jack 5 until it reaches 0.5 times the axial force it bears;

[0078] Step 9: Carry out the replacement construction for the reinforced concrete column 7 that needs to be replaced;

[0079] Step 10: Once the concrete in the column to be replaced reaches the design strength, remove the support device.

[0080] In this embodiment, the lower floor slab of the replacement device is supported to the foundation, and the upper part needs to be supported up to three floors above the column to be replaced.

[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns, characterized in that, It includes multiple supporting columns evenly distributed around a reinforced concrete column, multiple node plates distributed circumferentially around the supporting columns, supporting beams connecting the node plates corresponding to adjacent supporting columns, and wedges inserted in pairs between the supporting beams and the reinforced concrete beams. The longitudinal section of the wedge is triangular, and the inclined surfaces of the two wedges are joined together and placed between the support beam and the reinforced concrete beam. The top and bottom of the support column are connected to pads, and a jack is installed between the bottom of the support column and the reinforced concrete beam. The jack is used to apply prestress and can unload the reinforced concrete beam and the reinforced concrete column at the same time. Flange plates are installed at both ends of the support column, and multiple stiffening ribs are provided between the flange plates and the support column. The flange plate is provided with multiple bolt holes, and stiffening ribs are provided between adjacent bolt holes; The pad includes a column body adapted to the support column, with flange plates identical to those on the support column installed at both ends of the column body, and cross-shaped stiffening ribs distributed inside the column body.

2. The support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns according to claim 1, characterized in that, A stiffening rib is provided between adjacent node plates, and the length of the node plate extending out of the support column is greater than the length of the stiffening rib extending out of the support column.

3. The support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting beam is provided with multiple stiffening ribs corresponding to the lower part of the wedge block.

4. A support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The supporting beam is an H-shaped beam, and both ends of the H-shaped beam are connected to the node plate by high-strength bolts.

5. A support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the pad is no more than 1.5 times its diameter.

6. A construction method for a support device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Anchor bolts were driven into the floor slab and spacers were fixed in place; Install the support column, and connect the support column to its top pad block with high-strength bolts; Install the support beam, which is connected to the support column by high-strength bolts, so that the upper flange of the support beam is in close contact with the bottom of the reinforced concrete beam. Install jacks, insert wedges between the support beam and the reinforced concrete beam, and spot weld them. Pre-jack up the jacks to achieve the set axial force; The replacement construction is carried out on the reinforced concrete column to be replaced, and the replacement device is removed after the design strength is reached.

7. A construction method for a replacement device for simultaneous unloading of beams and columns according to claim 6, characterized in that, The replacement device is supported by the lower floor slab to the foundation and by the upper floor up to three floors above the column to be replaced.

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