Disassembling and assembling method of rail vehicle unit brake cylinder and workbench

Abstract

The application discloses a disassembling and assembling method and a workbench for a rail vehicle unit brake cylinder, wherein the self-locking copper sleeve dismounting and assembling component comprises a brake cylinder disassembling part and a brake cylinder fixing part which are oppositely arranged, the brake cylinder disassembling part comprises a first telescopic rod and an insertion rod which are connected, the insertion rod comprises a connecting section, an avoiding section and an abutting section which are sequentially arranged, the connecting section is connected with a movable end of the first telescopic rod, the connecting section, the first telescopic rod and the self-locking copper sleeve are coaxially arranged, the avoiding section has an avoiding space with the above-mentioned axis, and the abutting section is abutted with a middle body of the brake cylinder after penetrating through the self-locking copper sleeve; that is, the self-locking copper sleeve dismounting and assembling component adopts the mode of arranging the avoiding section on the insertion rod, so that the avoiding space is formed between the insertion rod and the brake cylinder axis, so that one end of the self-locking copper sleeve can be separated from the brake cylinder under the action of the avoiding space, and after rotating the insertion rod, the other end of the self-locking copper sleeve can also be smoothly separated from the brake cylinder under the action of the avoiding space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle brake cylinder technology, and in particular to a method for disassembling and assembling a rail vehicle unit brake cylinder and a workbench. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 11 As shown, the existing two-stage spring self-locking unit brake cylinder of rail vehicles has a self-locking copper sleeve 1-1, which makes it impossible to disassemble and repair the unit brake cylinder, and only new products can be purchased, resulting in a large waste of resources.

[0003] Based on the applicant's practical work experience, there is no precedent in the existing technology for disassembling a two-stage spring self-locking unit brake cylinder. Therefore, the applicant provides a disassembly and assembly method and a workbench. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for disassembling and assembling a two-stage spring self-locking unit brake cylinder for rail vehicles, as well as a workbench. Based on the setting of an avoidance section, it achieves the technical objective of convenient disassembly and assembly of the annular self-locking copper sleeve.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for disassembling and assembling a brake cylinder of a rail vehicle unit, and a workbench, including a self-locking copper sleeve disassembly and assembly assembly placed on the workbench. The self-locking copper sleeve disassembly and assembly assembly includes a brake cylinder disassembly part and a brake cylinder fixing part arranged opposite to each other. The brake cylinder disassembly part includes a first telescopic rod and an insertion rod connected to each other. The insertion rod includes a connecting section, a clearance section and an abutting section arranged in sequence. The connecting section is connected to the movable end of the first telescopic rod. The connecting section, the first telescopic rod and the self-locking copper sleeve are arranged coaxially. The clearance section has a clearance opening between itself and the aforementioned axis. The abutting section passes through the self-locking copper sleeve and abuts against the middle body of the brake cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting section, the first telescopic rod, the abutting section, and the self-locking copper sleeve are arranged coaxially.

[0007] Preferably, a rotating handwheel is provided on the connecting section.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting section is threadedly connected to the first telescopic rod; or the movable end of the first telescopic rod is provided with an electromagnetic adsorption part, and the connecting section is made of metal that can be adsorbed. When the first telescopic rod rises to its highest point, the electromagnetic adsorption part is de-energized.

[0009] Preferably, the brake cylinder fixing part includes a pad, a lower pressure head, and a second telescopic rod evenly distributed around the axis of the brake cylinder. The pad abuts against the lower end of the brake cylinder, and the second telescopic rod is connected to the lower pressure head. The lower pressure head can press against the edge of the brake cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the second telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the lower pressure head. When disassembly and assembly are completed, the lower pressure head is rotated to disengage from the edge of the brake cylinder. Alternatively, the second telescopic rod is connected to a corresponding rotary drive mechanism. The second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower pressure head. Each pressure head has a pressure sensor on its pressing surface. When all the pressure sensors detect zero values, the rotary drive mechanism drives the second telescopic rod to rotate by a corresponding angle. When disassembly and assembly are completed, the lower pressure head disengages from the edge of the brake cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the brake cylinder disassembly section further includes a support frame, the middle of which has a disassembly and assembly space, the first telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the support frame, or the first telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the support frame; the support frame is slidably mounted on the operating table.

[0012] Preferably, the operating platform is further provided with a brake cylinder sealing ring disassembly and assembly assembly, which includes a fixing part, an ejector part, and a fastening part. The middle parts of the fixing part and the ejector part respectively have a first through hole and a second through hole. Both the first through hole and the second through hole can be used to insert one end of the unit brake cylinder piston. The periphery of the first through hole is provided with a recessed fixing groove. The ejector part and the unit brake cylinder piston can be placed in the fixing groove. The periphery of the second through hole is provided with ejector posts that can abut against the sealing ring. The position and number of ejector posts correspond to the guide holes on the unit brake cylinder piston. The fastening part has a receiving cavity for accommodating the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston. The depth of the receiving cavity is not less than the distance between the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston and the installation position of the sealing ring. The edge of the receiving cavity can abut against the sealing ring.

[0013] Preferably, the operating table is further provided with a screw mechanism disassembly and assembly assembly for disassembling and assembling the brake cylinder screw mechanism. The screw mechanism includes a screw, a bracket installed at one end of the screw, and a reset nut installed at the end of the screw by the fastener. The reset nut is connected to the bracket by multiple elastic washers. The reset nut has a hollow structure. The screw mechanism disassembly and assembly assembly includes a fixed frame disposed outside the bracket; and a force-applying component, which is vertically mounted inside the fixed frame. In use, the force-applying component can abut against and apply force to the reset nut through vertical movement. The reset nut is subjected to a disassembly force. When the force-applying component moves to a preset position based on the disassembly force, it applies a deformation driving force to the elastic washers, causing the adjacent contacting elastic washers to at least partially move closer to each other, thereby causing the fastener to displace towards the end space of the reset nut.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for disassembling and assembling a unit brake cylinder of a rail vehicle, comprising the following:

[0015] During disassembly, firstly, the screw mechanism of the brake cylinder is disassembled using the screw mechanism disassembly assembly; secondly, the self-locking copper sleeve of the brake cylinder is disassembled using the self-locking copper sleeve disassembly assembly, and after the self-locking copper sleeve is disassembled, other internal components of the brake cylinder are separated; finally, the seal ring of the brake cylinder is disassembled using the brake cylinder seal ring disassembly assembly.

[0016] During assembly, the sealing rings, internal components of the brake cylinder, and screw mechanism are assembled in reverse order.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art:

[0018] The self-locking copper sleeve assembly of this invention adopts a method of setting a clearance section on the insertion rod, so that a clearance opening is formed between the insertion rod and the axis of the brake cylinder. This allows the self-locking copper sleeve to disengage from the brake cylinder at one end under the action of the clearance opening. After rotating the insertion rod, the other end of the self-locking copper sleeve can also smoothly disengage from the brake cylinder under the action of the clearance opening.

[0019] The brake cylinder sealing ring disassembly and assembly assembly of this invention employs a fixing groove on the fixing part to accommodate the ejector part and the unit brake cylinder piston. This fixing groove secures the edges of the ejector part and the unit brake cylinder piston, allowing them to be positioned on the operating table, providing a stable foundation for effective disassembly and assembly. The assembly utilizes an ejector post on the ejector part and a receiving cavity on the fastening part. When the ejector part is fixed on the operating table, one end of the unit brake cylinder piston passes through the first and second through holes, and the ejector post passes through the guide hole of the unit brake cylinder piston, abutting against the lower surface of the sealing ring. Then, striking the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston ejects the sealing ring. When the unit brake cylinder piston is fixed on the operating table, one end of the unit brake cylinder piston passes through the first through hole, and the sealing ring fastens against the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston. The edge of the fastening part abuts against the upper surface of the sealing ring. Then, striking the fastening part installs the sealing ring into place.

[0020] The screw mechanism disassembly and assembly component of this invention consists of a fixed frame and a force-applying component. When using this disassembly tool to disassemble and assemble fasteners, the fixed component is placed outside the screw mechanism, making the second mounting hole coaxial with the first mounting hole. The fixed component passes through the second mounting hole and the first mounting hole in sequence to fix the fixed frame and the screw mechanism. Then, the force-applying component abuts against and applies force to the reset nut through a lifting movement. The reset nut is subjected to disassembly force. When the force-applying component moves to a preset position based on the disassembly force, it applies a deformation driving force to the elastic washer, causing the adjacent contacting elastic washer to at least partially move closer to each other, thereby causing the fastener to shift towards the top space of the reset nut, thus achieving rapid removal of the fastener. It can be seen that the disassembly tool provided by this utility model has a simple structure, is lightweight and low cost; it can quickly remove fasteners by only using the cooperation of the fixed component, the force-applying component, the fixed frame and the screw mechanism, making the operation convenient and fast, and saving a lot of manpower and material costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the screw mechanism assembly and disassembly components of the present invention in use.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the screw mechanism assembly and disassembly component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Side view;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial disassembly diagram of the screw mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a partial disassembly diagram of the screw mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram;

[0029] Figure 8 A structural diagram of the control panel and some disassembled components (I);

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the control panel and some disassembled components (II);

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening mechanism;

[0032] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the existing unit brake cylinder structure;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking copper sleeve assembly / disassembly component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the insertion rod;

[0035] in,

[0036] Self-locking copper sleeve 1-1, first telescopic rod 2-1, insertion rod 2-2, connecting section 2-2-1, avoidance section 2-2-2, abutting section 2-2-3, pad block 3-1, pressing head 3-2, second telescopic rod 3-3, support frame 4-1;

[0037] 100-Screw mechanism, 110-Screw, 111-Through hole, 120-Bracket, 121-First mounting hole, 130-Fastener, 140-Reset nut, 141-Fourth mounting hole, 150-Elastic washer, 210-Fixed frame, 211-Base, 212-Frame body, 220-Force-applying component, 221-Lifting rod, 222-Operating part, 223-Connecting part, 300-Fixing component;

[0038] 1. Operating table, 2. Fixing part, 3. Ejection part, 4. Fastening part, 5. First through hole, 6. Second through hole, 7. Fixing groove, 8. Ejection column, 9. Receiving cavity, 10. Force application base, 11. Force application cylinder, 20. Hand handle. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, this invention provides a method for disassembling and assembling a unit brake cylinder of a rail vehicle, as well as a workbench. The method includes a self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 disassembly and assembly assembly placed on the workbench. The self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 disassembly and assembly assembly includes a brake cylinder disassembly section and a brake cylinder fixing section arranged vertically opposite each other. The brake cylinder disassembly section includes a first telescopic rod 2-1 and an insertion rod 2-2 connected to each other. The insertion rod 2-2 includes a connecting section 2-2-1, a clearance section 2-2-2, and an abutment section 2-2-3 arranged sequentially. The connecting section 2-2-1 is connected to the movable end of the first telescopic rod 2-1. As one embodiment, in this invention, the connecting section 2-2-1... The first telescopic rod 2-1 and the self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 need to be arranged coaxially so that the connecting section 2-2-1 can be smoothly connected to the first telescopic rod 2-1 as a whole. Furthermore, as another implementation scheme, in this invention, the connecting section 2-2-1, the first telescopic rod 2-1, the abutting section 2-2-3 and the self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 are arranged coaxially so that the abutting section 2-2-3 can correspond to the center of the brake cylinder intermediate body, improving the stress stability; the clearance section 2-2-2 has a clearance opening between it and the above-mentioned axis, and the abutting section 2-2-3 passes through the self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 and abuts against the intermediate body of the brake cylinder. In this invention, the self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 disassembly and assembly assembly adopts a method of setting an avoidance section 2-2-2 on the insertion rod 2-2, so that an avoidance air gap is formed between the insertion rod 2-2 and the axis of the brake cylinder. This allows the self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 to be disengaged from the brake cylinder at one end under the action of the avoidance air gap. After rotating the insertion rod 2-2, the other end of the self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 can also be smoothly disengaged from the brake cylinder under the action of the avoidance air gap.

[0041] As a specific implementation scheme, in order to facilitate the rotation of the insertion rod 2-2, a rotating handwheel is provided on the connecting section 2-2-1 in this invention. The insertion rod 2-2 (when the insertion rod 2-2 is firmly connected to the first telescopic rod 2-1, the first telescopic rod 2-1 will also rotate) can be rotated by rotating the handwheel, thereby easily turning the clearance switch to the other side, so that the self-locking copper sleeve 1-1 can be quickly disassembled. The above process is also applicable to the assembly work.

[0042] As a specific implementation, in this invention, the connecting section 2-2-1 can be threadedly connected to the first telescopic rod 2-1; alternatively, an electromagnetic adsorption part (electromagnet) can be provided at the movable end of the first telescopic rod 2-1, and the connecting section 2-2-1 can be made of metal that can be adsorbed. When the first telescopic rod 2-1 rises to the highest point (the highest point can be determined by a corresponding sensor, such as a position sensor or a limit switch), the electromagnetic adsorption part is de-energized.

[0043] In order to facilitate the fixing of the brake cylinder, the brake cylinder fixing part of the present invention includes a pad 3-1 evenly distributed around the axis of the brake cylinder, a lower pressure head 3-2 and a second telescopic rod 3-3. The pad 3-1 abuts against the lower end of the brake cylinder, and the second telescopic rod 3-3 is connected to the lower pressure head 3-2. The lower pressure head 3-2 can press against the edge of the brake cylinder, that is, form an upper pressure and lower support state, keeping the brake cylinder stationary.

[0044] To facilitate disassembly and assembly, the second telescopic rod 3-3 is rotatably connected to the lower pressure head 3-2. When disassembly and assembly are completed, the lower pressure head 3-2 is manually rotated to disengage from the edge of the brake cylinder. Alternatively, the second telescopic rod 3-3 can be connected to the corresponding rotary drive mechanism, and the second telescopic rod 3-3 is fixedly connected to the lower pressure head 3-2. Each pressure head 3-2 has a pressure sensor on its pressing surface. When all pressure sensor readings are zero, the rotary drive mechanism drives the second telescopic rod 3-3 to rotate by the corresponding angle. When disassembly and assembly are completed, the lower pressure head 3-2 disengages from the edge of the brake cylinder. The rotary drive mechanism is a motor or other mechanism that can drive the second telescopic rod 3-3 to rotate.

[0045] To facilitate disassembly and assembly, as a specific implementation scheme, the brake cylinder disassembly section of this invention also includes a support frame 4-1. The support frame 4-1 has a disassembly and assembly space in the middle. The first telescopic rod 2-1 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 4-1, or the first telescopic rod 2-1 is rotatably connected to the support frame 4-1, for example, through a bearing. The support frame 4-1 is slidably mounted on the operating table, for example, by setting a slide rail on the operating table and opening a slide groove on the support frame 4-1. The cooperation of the slide rail and the slide groove allows the support frame 4-1 to slide. Furthermore, to achieve automatic adjustment, the support frame 4-1 is combined with a component with telescopic function, enabling the support frame 4-1 to complete automatic adjustment. Furthermore, to control the amount of adjustment displacement, travel limit switches are set at both ends of the slide groove or slide rail to prevent the support frame 4-1 from colliding severely with the operating table.

[0046] like Figures 8 to 10In the embodiment of the present invention shown, a brake cylinder sealing ring disassembly and assembly assembly is also provided on the operating table. The brake cylinder sealing ring disassembly and assembly assembly includes a fixing part 2, an ejector part 3, and a fastening part 4. The middle parts of the fixing part 2 and the ejector part 3 respectively have a first through hole 5 and a second through hole 6. Both the first through hole 5 and the second through hole 6 can be used to insert one end of the unit brake cylinder piston. A notch for inserting the unit brake cylinder piston is provided on the operating table 1 in the area corresponding to the first through hole 5. A recessed fixing groove 7 is provided around the first through hole 5. The ejector part 3 and the unit brake cylinder piston can be placed in the fixing groove 7. An ejector post 8 that can abut against the sealing ring is provided around the second through hole 6. The position and number of ejector posts 8 correspond to the guide holes on the unit brake cylinder piston. The fastening part 4 has a receiving cavity 9 for accommodating the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston. The depth of the receiving cavity 9 is not less than the distance between the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston and the installation position of the sealing ring. The edge of the receiving cavity 9 can abut against the sealing ring. A hand handle 20 is provided on the outer wall of the receiving cavity 9. The wall of the fixed groove 7 can abut against the edge of the ejector part 3 and the piston of the unit brake cylinder.

[0047] Specifically, a fixing groove 7 is provided on the fixing part 2 to accommodate the ejector part 3 and the unit brake cylinder piston. The fixing groove 7 can fix the edges of the ejector part 3 and the unit brake cylinder piston, so that the ejector part 3 or the unit brake cylinder piston can be positioned on the operating table 1 by the fixing groove 7, providing a stable foundation for the effective disassembly and assembly work. An ejector post 8 is provided on the ejector part 3 and a receiving cavity 9 is provided on the fastening part 4. When the ejector part 3 is fixed on the operating table 1, one end of the unit brake cylinder piston is passed through the first through hole 5 and the second through hole 6. The ejector post 8 passes through the guide hole of the unit brake cylinder piston and abuts against the lower surface of the sealing ring. Then, the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston is struck, and the ejector post 8 ejects the sealing ring. When the unit brake cylinder piston is fixed on the operating table 1, one end of the unit brake cylinder piston is passed through the first through hole 5. The sealing ring is fastened to the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston. The edge of the fastening part 4 abuts against the upper surface of the sealing ring. Then, the fastening part 4 is struck to install the sealing ring in place.

[0048] In order to facilitate the effective performance of force application, a force application component is provided on the operating table 1 in this utility model. The force application component includes a force application base 10 and a force application cylinder 11 disposed on the force application base 10. The force application base 10 is disposed on the operating table 1, and the force application end of the force application cylinder 11 faces the piston of the unit brake cylinder.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the operating table is also provided with a screw mechanism disassembly and assembly assembly for disassembling and assembling the brake cylinder screw mechanism, for disassembling and assembling fasteners 130, such as elastic pins, etc. Figures 7 to 10As shown, the screw mechanism 100 includes a screw 110, a bracket 120 installed at one end of the screw 110, and a reset nut 140 installed at the end of the screw 110 by fasteners 130. The reset nut 140 and the bracket 120 are connected by multiple elastic washers 150. The bracket 120 has first mounting holes 121 on both sides.

[0050] It should be noted that the elastic washer 150 is preferably a saddle-shaped spring washer, and the number is generally 3-8. The first mounting holes 121 on both sides of the bracket 120 are original holes, which are generally used to install insulating sleeves during the use of the screw mechanism 100. In this invention, it is a reasonable use of the first mounting holes 121 that are already present in the bracket 120, and no modification to the screw mechanism 100 is required.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the screw mechanism assembly includes a fixed frame 210 and a force-applying component 220.

[0052] Furthermore, the bracket 120 is located within the fixed frame 210, and the force-applying component 220 is mounted on the fixed frame 210 in a height-adjustable manner. In use, the force-applying component 220 can abut against and apply force to the reset nut 140 through the lifting movement. The reset nut 140 is subjected to a disassembly force. When the force-applying component 220 moves to a preset position based on the disassembly force, it applies a deformation driving force to the elastic pad 150, causing the adjacent contacting elastic pads 150 to at least partially approach each other, thereby causing the fastener 130 to displace toward the end space of the reset nut 140.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, a fastener 300 is also included, and the fixing frame 210 is fixed to the bracket 120 by the fastener 300.

[0054] Furthermore, the bracket 120 has first mounting holes 121 on both sides, and the fixing frame 210 has second mounting holes that match the first mounting holes 121; the fastener 300 passes through the second mounting hole and the first mounting hole 121 in sequence and is fixed to the bracket.

[0055] In the screw mechanism assembly of the present invention, the fastener 130 can be quickly installed and removed by cooperating with the fixing member 300, the fixing frame 210, the force-applying member 220 and the screw mechanism 100. Specifically, the fixing member 300 passes through the second mounting hole of the fixing frame 210 and the first mounting hole 121 on the bracket 120 in sequence to fix the screw mechanism 100 and the disassembly tool. Then, the force-applying member 220 abuts against and applies force to the reset nut 140 through a lifting movement. The reset nut 140 is subjected to the disassembly force. When the force-applying member 220 moves to the preset position based on the disassembly force, it applies a deformation driving force to the elastic washer 150, causing the adjacent contacting elastic washer 150 to at least partially move closer to each other, thereby causing the fastener 130 to move toward the end space of the reset nut 140, thus realizing the rapid removal of the fastener 130.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fixed frame 210 includes a base 211 and a frame body 212. The base 211 and the frame body 212 are integrally formed and preferably have a hollow structure, which can effectively reduce the overall weight of the fixed frame 210 and save on usage and cost.

[0057] Furthermore, a second mounting hole is formed in the base 211, and the opening direction of the second mounting hole is towards the first mounting hole 121. In the use state, the second mounting hole is coaxial with the first mounting hole 121, so that the fastener 300 can pass through the second mounting hole and smoothly enter the first mounting hole 121.

[0058] Furthermore, a third mounting hole is provided on the top of the frame body 212. Preferably, the third mounting hole is located at the center of the frame body 212. The force-applying component 220 is mounted in the third mounting hole in a height-adjustable manner. In the use state, the third mounting hole is positioned opposite to the reset nut 140. By controlling the height of the force-applying component 220, pressure is applied to the elastic washer 150 through the reset nut 140, causing the fastener 130 to move toward the end of the reset nut 140, thereby realizing the installation or removal of the fastener 130.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the force-applying component 220 includes a lifting rod 221. Preferably, the lifting rod 221 is a screw rod, which is threadedly connected to the third mounting hole. The lifting rod 221 moves up and down relative to the frame body 212 by rotating the screw.

[0060] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the lifting rod 221 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the third mounting hole. When the lifting rod 221 is a screw, the external thread of the lifting rod 221 matches the internal thread of the third mounting hole. However, this does not specifically limit the lifting rod 221 to a screw. It can also be a rod controlled by a sliding device, etc. In this embodiment, a screw is only used as one example for illustration.

[0061] Specifically, in use, one end of the lifting rod 221 abuts against the reset nut 140 through the lifting movement within the third mounting hole. Preferably, the bottom of the lifting rod 221 may also be provided with a connecting part 223. The connecting part 223 can not only increase the contact area between the lifting rod 221 and the reset nut 140, but also limit the lifting rod 221, connecting the lifting rod 221 to the frame body 212, and preventing the lifting rod 221 from detaching from the frame body 212 when it rises to the highest position.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the force-applying member 220 further includes an operating part 222, which is connected to the other end of the lifting rod 221 and is located on the top outside the fixed frame 210.

[0063] The operating part 222 allows for more convenient and labor-saving operation of the force-applying component 220. The operating part 222 is preferably a rod, and there are no special limitations on the connection method between the operating part 222 and the force-applying component 220, which can be snap-fit, screw-fit, welding, etc.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the reset nut 140 is provided with a fourth mounting hole 141 that is oppositely arranged, and the end of the screw 110 is provided with a radially arranged through hole 111 that matches the fourth mounting hole 141. The fastener 130 is fixed after passing through the fourth mounting hole 141, the through hole 111, and another fourth mounting hole 141 oppositely arranged in sequence. The fastener 130 is interference-fitted with the fourth mounting hole 141.

[0065] Furthermore, the length of fastener 130 is equal to the inner diameter of the end of reset nut 140, and the outer diameter of fastener 130 is equal to the diameter of the fourth mounting hole 141, that is, fastener 130 and the fourth mounting hole 141 are interference fit; it should be noted that the equality here is not absolute equality, it can generally be understood that the length of fastener 130 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the end of reset nut 140, and the outer diameter of fastener 130 is slightly larger than the diameter of the fourth mounting hole 141.

[0066] Furthermore, the diameter of the end of the screw 110 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the end of the reset nut 140, so that the screw 110 can be smoothly accommodated in the cavity of the reset nut 140, and provide conditions for the fastener 130 to move toward the end of the reset nut 140.

[0067] In summary, the disassembly tool for the brake cylinder screw mechanism provided by this invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, enabling the rapid installation or removal of fasteners.

[0068] The present invention also provides a method for disassembling and assembling a unit brake cylinder of a rail vehicle, comprising the following steps: when disassembling, firstly, the screw mechanism of the brake cylinder is disassembled using a screw mechanism disassembly and assembly assembly; secondly, the self-locking copper sleeve of the brake cylinder is disassembled using a self-locking copper sleeve disassembly and assembly assembly assembly, and after the self-locking copper sleeve is disassembled, other internal components of the brake cylinder are separated; finally, the sealing ring is disassembled using a brake cylinder sealing ring disassembly and assembly assembly assembly assembly.

[0069] During assembly, the sealing rings, internal components of the brake cylinder, and screw mechanism are assembled in reverse order.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disassembly and assembly workbench for a rail vehicle unit brake cylinder, characterized in that, The device includes a self-locking copper sleeve disassembly and assembly assembly placed on an operating table. The self-locking copper sleeve disassembly and assembly assembly includes a brake cylinder disassembly part and a brake cylinder fixing part arranged opposite to each other. The brake cylinder disassembly part includes a first telescopic rod and an insertion rod connected to each other. The insertion rod includes a connecting section, a clearance section and an abutting section arranged in sequence. The connecting section is connected to the movable end of the first telescopic rod. The connecting section, the first telescopic rod and the self-locking copper sleeve are arranged coaxially. The clearance section has clearance space with the above-mentioned axis. The abutting section passes through the self-locking copper sleeve and abuts against the middle body of the brake cylinder. The operating platform is also equipped with a brake cylinder seal ring disassembly and assembly assembly. The brake cylinder seal ring disassembly and assembly assembly includes a fixing part, an ejector part, and a fastening part. The middle parts of the fixing part and the ejector part are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. Both the first through hole and the second through hole can be used to insert one end of the unit brake cylinder piston. The periphery of the first through hole is provided with a recessed fixing groove. Both the ejector part and the unit brake cylinder piston can be placed in the fixing groove. The periphery of the second through hole is provided with ejector pins that can abut against the seal ring. The position and number of ejector pins correspond to the guide holes on the unit brake cylinder piston. The fastening part has a receiving cavity for accommodating the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston. The depth of the receiving cavity is not less than the distance between the other end of the unit brake cylinder piston and the installation position of the seal ring. The edge of the receiving cavity can abut against the seal ring. The operating platform is also equipped with a screw mechanism disassembly and assembly assembly for disassembling and assembling the brake cylinder screw mechanism. The screw mechanism includes a screw, a bracket installed at one end of the screw, and a reset nut installed at the end of the screw by fasteners. The reset nut is connected to the bracket by multiple elastic washers. The reset nut has a hollow structure. The screw mechanism disassembly and assembly assembly includes a fixed frame, which is set outside the bracket; and a force-applying component, which is vertically mounted inside the fixed frame. In use, the force-applying component can abut against and apply force to the reset nut through vertical movement. The reset nut is subjected to a disassembly force. When the reset nut moves to a preset position based on the disassembly force, it applies a deformation driving force to the elastic washers, causing the adjacent contacting elastic washers to at least partially move closer to each other, thereby making the fasteners easier to install or remove.

2. The disassembly and assembly workbench for the rail vehicle unit brake cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting section, the first telescopic rod, the abutting section, and the self-locking copper sleeve are arranged coaxially.

3. The disassembly and assembly workbench for the rail vehicle unit brake cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating handwheel is provided on the connecting section.

4. The disassembly and assembly workbench for the brake cylinder of a rail vehicle unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The connecting section is threadedly connected to the first telescopic rod; or the movable end of the first telescopic rod is provided with an electromagnetic adsorption part, and the connecting section is made of metal that can be adsorbed. When the first telescopic rod rises to its highest point, the electromagnetic adsorption part is de-energized.

5. The disassembly and assembly workbench for the rail vehicle unit brake cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake cylinder fixing part includes a pad, a lower pressure head, and a second telescopic rod evenly distributed around the axis of the brake cylinder. The pad abuts against the lower end of the brake cylinder, and the second telescopic rod is connected to the lower pressure head. The lower pressure head can press against the edge of the brake cylinder.

6. The disassembly and assembly workbench for the rail vehicle unit brake cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the lower pressure head. When disassembly and assembly are completed, the lower pressure head is rotated to disengage from the edge of the brake cylinder. Alternatively, the second telescopic rod is connected to a corresponding rotary drive mechanism. The second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower pressure head. Each pressure head has a pressure sensor on its pressing surface. When all the pressure sensors detect zero values, the rotary drive mechanism drives the second telescopic rod to rotate by a corresponding angle. When disassembly and assembly are completed, the lower pressure head disengages from the edge of the brake cylinder.

7. The disassembly and assembly workbench for the rail vehicle unit brake cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake cylinder disassembly section also includes a support frame, the middle of which has a disassembly and assembly space. The first telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the support frame, or the first telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the support frame. The support frame is slidably mounted on the operating table.

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