An ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of initial rainwater ecological purification corridors and its construction method, initial rainwater ecological purification corridor, characterized in that, the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is set in river, and surrounds to the side bank of river, and the rainwater discharge of river channel is enclosed therein, located in rainwater discharge is located in the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor close to the upstream side;The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is sequentially provided with sedimentation unit, ecological purification block unit, ecological floating bed unit and submerged plant unit from the upstream to the downstream of river.The construction method is to place the corresponding position in situ after assembling each unit, and connect with bottom mud.The present application effectively reduces the influence of initial rainwater runoff pollution on urban water environment, provides protection for initial rainwater runoff pollution control, and has landscape and ecological benefits simultaneously, restores river water ecological system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of initial rainwater ecological purification corridor and its construction method, belong to the technical field of initial rainwater ecological purification. BACKGROUND

[0002] Initial rainwater often has the characteristics of large water fluctuation and serious pollution, and the runoff into the river causes impact on the receiving river water environment. Initial rainwater runoff pollution has become one of the main problems that need to be solved in urban water environment governance. The treatment measures of rainfall runoff are mainly divided into source control, process control and end control. In recent years, with the construction of sponge city, rainfall runoff has been effectively controlled at the source and process. The construction of sponge measures in some urban built-up areas is limited, and the rainfall runoff pollution is concentrated at the end, which needs end treatment measures to control it. The current end treatment facilities mainly include the construction of rainwater storage tanks, and the traditional storage tanks have large occupation area and high cost, which are easily limited by geographical conditions.

[0003] Currently, there are related patents that use the space of the receiving river to construct initial rainwater purification facilities. Patent No. CN 108218107 A proposes a rainwater discharge port pretreatment system and process with peak shaving and purification functions, which directly constructs rainwater treatment facilities at the rainwater discharge port, which is easy to be damaged by initial rainwater. Patent No. CN 111233276 B proposes an ecological treatment method for initial rainwater into the river, a riverside ecological landscape and a construction method, which directly arranges an aeration device at the rainwater discharge port. Initial rainwater often carries a large amount of particulate pollutants, and the aeration device is easy to be blocked and unable to operate normally. The control of initial rainwater pollution into the river needs to fully consider the characteristics of large water fluctuation and high concentration of particulate pollutants in initial rainwater, coordinate the relationship between water power and water quality, and realize efficient removal of rainfall runoff pollutants. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application discloses an initial rainwater ecological purification corridor and its construction method, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0005] An initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is arranged in a river and surrounds one side of the river bank, and the rainwater discharge port of the river channel is surrounded therein, and the rainwater discharge port is located in the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor close to the upstream side;

[0006] The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is provided with a sedimentation unit, an ecological purification block unit, an ecological floating bed unit and a submerged plant unit from upstream to downstream of the river;

[0007] The lower protruding dam is provided with a surrounding wall on the side facing the upstream water, the surrounding wall surrounds the sediment unit, the ecological purification block unit, the ecological floating bed unit and the submerged plant unit, and finally extends to the river bank and is fixed to the river bank;

[0008] The sediment unit comprises a plurality of ecological permeable stone cage walls, the ecological permeable stone cage walls are perpendicular to the water flow direction of the river, and adjacent ecological permeable stone cage walls are staggered.

[0009] The ecological purification block unit comprises a plurality of ecological purification blocks filled with elastic fillers.

[0010] The ecological floating bed unit comprises a plurality of ecological floating beds with ecological elastic fillers suspended at the bottom.

[0011] The ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block are both provided with a microporous aeration device at the bottom.

[0012] The submerged plant unit is planted with one or more kinds of submerged plants.

[0013] Further, the lower protruding dam is higher than the normal water level of the river, the protruding angle of the lower protruding dam is controlled to be 90°-135°, the projection length of the lower protruding dam on the river width is more than 2 / 3 of the width of the ecological purification corridor, the lower protruding dam is filled with large pebbles, and the lower protruding dam guides most of the river flow to the opposite bank, thereby reducing the influence of the river flow on the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor.

[0014] Further, the surrounding wall comprises an inner surrounding wall and an outer surrounding wall, a space is reserved between the inner surrounding wall and the outer surrounding wall, the outer surrounding wall is a permeable surrounding wall, the inner surrounding wall is an impermeable surrounding wall, the rubber floating buoy that can be inflated and deflated is connected to the top of the impermeable surrounding wall at the end of the ecological corridor, the impermeable surrounding wall sinks into the bottom of the water when deflated, and the impermeable surrounding wall floats up and down with the water level when inflated.

[0015] Further, the ratio of the length of the ecological permeable stone cage wall to the width of the ecological corridor is 1 / 2-3 / 5, the height is 2-3 cm higher than the normal water level of the river, and the spacing is 1-2 times the length of the stone cage wall.

[0016] Further, the mesh frame aperture of the ecological permeable stone cage wall is 5-8 cm, and the middle is filled with multiple layers of adsorption fillers.

[0017] The outer layer of the ecological permeable stone cage wall is filled with large pebbles with a particle size of about 10-15 cm and a filling thickness of 15-20 cm; the water-facing surface of the middle layer is filled with zeolite with a particle size of about 3-5 cm and a filling thickness of 6-10 cm; the backwater surface of the middle layer is filled with ceramsite with a particle size of about 2-3 cm and a filling thickness of 4-6 cm; and the water permeability of the ecological permeable stone cage wall is controlled to be 30-50%.

[0018] Further, the ecological purification block is surrounded by a cuboid PVC frame, and a rope-shaped elastic filler is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the water flow in the ecological purification block, and the elastic filler is connected with the purification block frame by binding.

[0019] Further, the ecological floating bed comprises a plurality of closely connected hexagonal mesh floating bodies, which are surrounded by a PVC hose, the length of the side of the hexagonal floating body is 15-25 cm, a planting basket is arranged at the center hole of each floating body, emergent plants are planted in the planting basket, a plurality of ecological elastic fillers are hung below the floating body, and the density is 10 / m 2 Each ecological elastic filler is connected with a counterweight at the lower end; the ecological floating bed is fixed to the bottom mud by ropes and anchor piles on both sides.

[0020] Further, the microporous aeration device comprises a blast aeration machine and a microporous aeration pipe, which is arranged at the bottom of the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block, or is coiled around the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block.

[0021] Based on the above-mentioned initial rainwater purification method of the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor, the method comprises the following steps:

[0022] The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor sets different operation modes according to different rainfall intensities, and is divided into a rainy season mode and a dry season mode, wherein the rainy season mode is divided into a light rain / medium rain mode and a heavy rain / strong rain mode, and the specific modes are as follows:

[0023] Dry season: the rubber floating tube above the non-water-permeable enclosure at the tail end is deflated, so that the non-water-permeable enclosure at the tail end sinks into the water bottom; in the dry season, there is little rain and the flow rate is slow, so that interception is not needed, and the biological membrane of the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block unit is ensured to grow normally by aeration for 1-2 days at a fixed time every 10 days;

[0024] Rainy season: when it is light rain or medium rain, i.e. the rainfall intensity is less than 8 mm / h, the rubber floating tube above the non-water-permeable enclosure at the tail end is in a deflated state, the aeration device of the ecological purification block unit is opened for pre-aeration at the beginning of rainfall, the aeration device of the ecological floating bed unit is opened after the water flow is generated at the rainwater outlet, and the aeration device is closed after the rainfall ends;

[0025] When it is heavy rain or strong rain, i.e. the rainfall intensity is greater than 8 mm / h, the rubber floating tube above the non-water-permeable enclosure at the tail end is in an inflated state, the floating tube can rise with the water level until the maximum height, i.e. the normal water level of the river, after the floating tube rises to the maximum height, the subsequent rainwater directly overflows outside the ecological corridor, the aeration devices of the ecological purification block and the ecological floating bed unit are opened 30 minutes before the rainfall starts, and the aeration devices are closed after the rainwater overflows.

[0026] Based on the above initial rainwater ecological purification corridor construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step one: preparation work before construction

[0028] 1.1 Investigate the river background conditions, survey the river topography, water flow conditions and sediment conditions in the ecological corridor construction section, evaluate the surrounding transportation conditions, and determine the stacking site of construction materials;

[0029] 1.2 Construction site cleaning: clean the grass and large stones on the bank of the construction section, ensure the flatness of the construction site, catch and transfer the aquatic animals such as fish, shrimp, snail and mussel in the river, and dredge the river sediment. After dredging, add microbial inoculant for bottom improvement to improve the bottom;

[0030] 1.3 Measurement and setting out: determine the position of the purification facilities in each unit and mark it by measurement;

[0031] Step two: production of ecological permeable stone cage wall, ecological purification block and ecological floating bed unit

[0032] 2.1 Production of ecological permeable stone cage wall unit: fill in pebbles, zeolite and ceramsite in the larger rectangular frame in turn, and finally encrypt the grid aperture on the frame to make the grid aperture of the cage frame 5-8 cm;

[0033] 2.2 Production of ecological purification block unit: make a purification block frame mold, and tie the two ends of the rope-shaped ecological elastic filler to the purification block;

[0034] 2.3 Production of ecological floating bed unit: assemble multiple hexagonal floats into a honeycomb shape with a tie, and fix the periphery into a circle with PVC pipes connected end to end; Tie the rope-shaped ecological filler below the float and put the emergent plants in the planting basket above;

[0035] Step three: construction of underpunch dam and outer enclosure

[0036] 3.1 Place the prepared stone cage dam on the upstream side of the rainwater discharge outlet, adjust the angle between the stone cage dam and the bank to form an underpunch dam;

[0037] 3.2 Drive a row of wooden stakes every 0.5-1 m along the outer periphery of the ecological corridor, with the above-ground height of the wooden stakes being the constant water level of the river, and the underground depth of the wooden stakes being half of the above-ground height;

[0038] 3.3 The wooden stakes are arranged with a water-permeable enclosure on the outer layer of the ecological corridor. The water-permeable enclosure is made of 20-30 mesh polyethylene water-permeable cloth. The enclosure cloth is connected to a foam float to make it float up and down with the water level, and the lower part is fixed with a counterweight;

[0039] 3.4 The inner layer of the ecological corridor is laid with impermeable enclosure cloth, the thickness of the PVC impermeable cloth is 5 mm, the top of the enclosure cloth is fixed on the wooden pile with iron wire, the bottom is buried in the bottom mud and compacted with counterweight; the end of the ecological corridor is connected with inflatable rubber buoy, when deflated, the end of the impermeable enclosure sinks to the bottom of the water, when inflated, the enclosure can float up and down with the water level, according to different rainfall conditions, the inflation and deflation state of the rubber buoy is adjusted;

[0040] Step four: sedimentation, ecological purification block and ecological floating bed unit construction

[0041] 4.1 Sedimentation unit construction: place the completed ecological permeable stone cage wall at the designated location, fix it every 0.5 m along the ecological permeable stone cage wall with a wooden pile, the above ground height of the wooden pile is 1 / 2 of the ecological permeable stone cage wall, and the underground depth is greater than or equal to the above ground height;

[0042] 4.2 Ecological purification block unit construction: place the completed ecological purification block at the designated location, and fix it by driving anchor piles at the four corners of the ecological purification block;

[0043] 4.3 Ecological floating bed unit construction: place the completed ecological floating bed at the designated location, connect the two sides of the floating bed with anchor piles through ropes, and fix the anchor piles in the bottom mud at least 25 cm deep;

[0044] 4.4 Aeration device construction: place the air-blowing aerator near the bank on the side of the ecological corridor, connect the micro-porous aeration pipe, and coil the micro-porous aeration pipe around the bottom of the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block;

[0045] Step five: sediment plant unit construction

[0046] 5.1 Selection and planting of submerged plants: select one or more submerged plants for planting according to the depth of the river, plant Vallisneria or dwarf Vallisneria in 0.8-1.2 m water depth, plant Scirpus fluviatilis, Potamogeton pusillus, Ceratophyllum demersum and Potamogeton crispus in 1.2-2.5 m water depth, choose cutting planting method in 0.8-1.2 m water depth, choose throwing planting method in 1.2-2.5 m water depth, first plant Vallisneria in shallow water area, and then plant other submerged plants in deep water area after the Vallisneria grows luxuriantly;

[0047] 5.2 Construction of benthic animal community: select common grazing snails and filter-feeding clams in the local area for release, the release density of snails is 9.5-10.5 g / m 2 , the release density of clams is 7-9 g / m 2, select the benthic animals with vitality, complete shell and normal color to buy, choose sunny weather to transport, uninterrupted oxygenation during transportation, pretreatment before release, remove the dead bodies, release gently without damaging the individuals, and do not throw into the water;

[0048] 5.3 Fish community construction: select the local common fish with different feeding habits to release, the fish release density is 400-600 tails per hectare, the release ratio is: 40%-50% of carnivorous fish, 20%-40% of filter-feeding fish, 10%-20% of omnivorous fish, <10% of benthic fish, and <6% of herbivorous fish;The length of the fish released is controlled to be 5-10 cm;

[0049] Step six: management and maintenance of ecological purification corridor

[0050] 6.1 Sedimentation unit dredging: suspended particles in rainwater will accumulate in the backflow area behind the permeable stone cage wall, and a mobile sewage pump is used for pumping every 3 months in the dry season, and a mobile sewage pump is used for pumping every month in the rainy season;

[0051] 6.2 Management and maintenance of aeration device: regularly overhaul and backwash the aeration device to prevent the aeration pipe from being blocked and ensure the normal operation of the aeration facility;

[0052] 6.3 Water ecosystem maintenance: regularly monitor the growth of emergent plants in the ecological floating bed and submerged plants in the submerged plant unit, and supplement or harvest the aquatic plants;Regularly patrol and observe the number change and growth condition of benthic animals and fish, and supplement them in time according to the specific situation;For the cases of excessive total amount, obvious single species dominance, and imbalance of male and female ratio, capture and control are taken to ensure the stability of the food chain structure.

[0053] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0054] The ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater provided by the present application is aimed at the water quality and quantity characteristics of initial rainwater, and constructs an ecological corridor at the rainwater discharge outlet to ecologically purify the rainfall runoff, sets a sedimentation unit, an ecological purification block unit, an ecological floating bed unit and a submerged plant unit, realizes the stable flow of initial rainwater runoff into the river, efficiently removes particulate pollutants and dissolved pollutants, and effectively reduces the water environmental pollution problem caused by the initial rainwater runoff into the river, and effectively reduces the influence of initial rainwater runoff pollution on urban water environment.

[0055] The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor provided by the application can be constructed in a river, solving the land occupation problem. The river is used for pollution control, providing guarantee for initial rainwater runoff pollution control, and simultaneously having landscape and ecological benefits, restoring the river water ecological system, and realizing the harmonious scene of "fish and grass". The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor can be quickly arranged by being placed in the river in a single body, facilitating construction, reducing the influence of construction on the ecological environment, and simultaneously saving construction cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a planar arrangement schematic diagram of the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor of the application;

[0057] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a planar schematic diagram of the outer enclosure of the application;

[0058] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is an A-A sectional view of the outer enclosure of the application;

[0059] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is an A'-A' sectional view of the terminal outer enclosure of the application;

[0060] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a B-B sectional view of the ecological permeable stone cage wall of the application;

[0061] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a C-C sectional view of the ecological purification block of the application;

[0062] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a D-D sectional view of the ecological floating bed of the application.

[0063] The drawings show that: 1 is a lower overhanging dam; 2 is an outer enclosure; 21 is a permeable enclosure; 22 is a wooden pile; 23 is an impermeable enclosure; 211 is a foam float; 212 is a permeable enclosure cloth; 231 is an impermeable enclosure cloth; 213, 232 are counterweights; 233 is a rubber float; 3 is an ecological permeable stone cage wall; 31 is a net cage frame; 32 is a pebble layer; 33 is a zeolite layer; 34 is a ceramsite layer; 4 is an ecological purification block; 41 is a purification block frame; 42 is an ecological elastic filler; 5 is an ecological floating bed; 51 is an emergent plant; 52 is a hexagonal float; 53 is a PVC pipe; 54 is a planting basket; 55 is a rope-shaped biological filler; 56 is a counterweight; 57 is a rope; 58 is an anchor pile; 43, 59 are microporous aeration pipes; and 6 is a submerged plant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The application will be further illustrated by the drawings and the specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the application and are not used to limit the scope of the application.

[0065] The drawings show that: Figure 1As can be seen, the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is arranged downstream of the rainwater discharge outlet, and the sedimentation unit, the ecological purification block unit, the ecological floating bed unit and the submerged plant unit are arranged in turn from the upstream to the downstream. A lower pitched dam 1 is arranged at the upstream of the rainwater discharge outlet, and the projection length of the lower pitched dam 1 on the river width is more than 2 / 3 of the width of the ecological purification corridor. The lower pitched dam 1 is a large stone-filled permeable stone cage, and the particle size of the stone is 20-30 cm. The lower pitched dam 1 can reduce the influence of the river flow on the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor, and guide most of the river flow to the opposite bank.

[0066] The ecological corridor accounts for about 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the river width, and the Figure 2 The outer enclosure 2 is composed of rows of wooden piles 22 and double-layer enclosure cloth 21 and 23. A row of wooden piles 22 is driven into the ground every 0.5-1 m along the outer periphery of the ecological corridor, and the above-ground height of the wooden piles is the height of the normal water level of the river, and the underground depth of the wooden piles is 1 / 2 of the above-ground height. The permeable enclosure cloth 21 is arranged on the outer periphery of the ecological corridor, and the Figure 3 The permeable enclosure cloth 21 is made of 20-30 mesh polyethylene permeable cloth, and the foam float 211 is connected to the top of the permeable enclosure cloth 21 to enable it to float up and down with the water level, and the counterweight 213 is used to fix it at the bottom. The impermeable enclosure cloth 23 is arranged on the inner periphery of the ecological corridor, and the impermeable enclosure cloth 231 is made of 5 mm thick PVC impermeable cloth, and the top of the impermeable enclosure cloth 231 is fixed on the top of the wooden piles 22 by iron wire, and the bottom is buried in the bottom mud and compacted by the counterweight 232. The Figure 4 The top of the impermeable enclosure cloth 231 at the end of the ecological corridor is connected to the inflatable rubber float 233, which can sink into the bottom of the water when deflated and float up and down with the water level when inflated. According to different rainfall conditions, the inflation and deflation state of the rubber float 233 is adjusted.

[0067] The sedimentation unit is composed of multiple ecological permeable stone cage walls 3, and the stone cage walls 3 are staggered, and the ratio of the length to the width of the ecological corridor is 1 / 2-3 / 5, and the height is 2-3 cm higher than the normal water level of the river, and the interval is 1-2 times the length of the stone cage wall. The flow into the sedimentation unit increases the flow route and reduces the flow rate, promoting the sedimentation of particulate pollutants in the initial rainwater runoff. Figure 5 The mesh cage frame 31 of the ecological permeable stone cage wall 3 has a hole diameter of 5-8 cm, and is filled with multiple layers of adsorption filler. The outer layer of the ecological permeable stone cage wall 3 is filled with large stones 32 with a particle size of about 10-15 cm and a filling thickness of 15-20 cm; the middle layer is filled with zeolite 33 on the water side with a particle size of about 3-5 cm and a filling thickness of 8-10 cm; and the middle layer is filled with ceramsite 34 on the backwater side with a particle size of about 2-3 cm and a filling thickness of 4-6 cm. The permeability of the ecological permeable stone cage wall is controlled at 30-50%.

[0068] The ecological purification block unit is composed of multiple ecological purification blocks 4 filled with elastic fillers. In combination Figure 6 The outer periphery of the purification block 4 is provided with a cuboid PVC frame 41 with a size of length x width x height = 1 m x 0.8 m x 0.6 m and a thickness of 2-3 cm. No baffle is arranged along the water flow direction of the purification block 4 to keep the water flow unobstructed. The rope-shaped elastic fillers 42 are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the water flow in the purification block 4, and the elastic fillers 42 are connected to the purification block frame 41 by lashing.

[0069] The ecological floating bed unit is composed of multiple ecological floating beds 5 with ecological elastic fillers suspended therefrom. In combination Figure 7 The ecological floating bed is composed of multiple hexagonal mesh floating bodies 52, and the floating bodies are made of HDPE with a side length of 15-25 cm. A planting basket 54 is arranged at the center hole of each floating body 52, and the planting basket 54 is planted with emergent plants 51 such as canna, lythrum salicaria, and iris. The floating bodies 52 are fixed by lashing, and the outer periphery of the floating bodies 52 is surrounded by a PVC pipe 53 with a DN of 50 to form a square or a circle. Multiple ecological elastic fillers 55 are suspended below the floating bodies 52 with a density of 10 roots / m 2 The ecological elastic fillers 55 are made of polyethylene into a three-dimensional filamentous structure, and a counterweight 56 is arranged at the end of each filler 55 to prevent the fillers from floating. The ecological floating bed 5 is fixed by ropes 57 and anchor piles 58 at both sides, and the anchor piles 58 are driven into the bottom mud by at least 25 cm. The depth of the anchor piles 58 can be adjusted according to the hardness of the bottom mud.

[0070] The microporous aeration device is arranged in the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block unit to provide oxygen for the growth of the biofilm. The aeration device includes a blowing aerator and microporous aeration pipes 43 and 59, which are respectively coiled at the bottom of the ecological purification block and the ecological floating bed.

[0071] The submerged plant unit is planted with one or more kinds of submerged plants 6 according to the depth of the river. In the water depth of 0.8-1.2 m, the stonewort or dwarf stonewort is planted. In the water depth of 1.2-2.5 m, the scirpus fluviatilis, potamogeton, ceratophyllum and chara are planted. The bottom-dwelling animals such as snails and clams and fish with different food habits are put into the submerged plant unit to build a food web and form a stable aquatic ecosystem.

[0072] The construction of the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is generally carried out in the dry season in a continuous sunny period. The main steps include the following:

[0073] Step one: preparation work before construction.

[0074] 1.1 Investigate the background conditions of the river, survey the river topography, water flow conditions and bottom mud conditions of the ecological corridor construction section, evaluate the surrounding transportation conditions, determine the stacking site of the construction materials, etc.

[0075] 1.2 Construction site cleaning: clean the construction section of the river bank weeds and large stones, and ensure the flatness of the construction site. The original fish, shrimp, snail and mussel and other aquatic animals in the river are captured and transferred. The river sediment is dredged, and after the dredging is completed, the bottom quality improvement microbial agent is added for bottom quality improvement. These works can also be carried out when the river has water. The effect is better without water, but it needs to build cofferdams and other works, which is a large amount of work, so the water operation is selected. Choose to carry out construction operation in the dry season when the water level is low, reduce the construction difficulty.

[0076] 1.3 Measurement and lofting: determine the position of the purification facilities in each unit through measurement and mark.

[0077] Step two: ecological permeable stone cage wall 3, ecological purification block 4 and ecological floating bed 5 single production.

[0078] 2.1 Ecological permeable stone cage wall 3 single production: fill the pebbles 32, zeolite 33 and ceramsite 34 into the larger aperture cuboid frame in turn, and finally encrypt the grid aperture on the frame to make the aperture of the net cage frame 31 5-8 cm.

[0079] 2.2 Ecological purification block 4 single production: make the purification block frame mold, and fix the rope-shaped ecological elastic filler 42 at both ends of the purification block frame 41.

[0080] 2.3 Ecological floating bed 5 single production: assemble multiple hexagonal floats 52 into a honeycomb shape with a tie, and fix the ends of the PVC pipe 53 into a circle. Tie the rope-shaped ecological filler 55 below the float 52, and put the emergent plants 51 into the planting basket 54 above.

[0081] Step three: construction of the lower picket dam and the outer layer of the enclosure.

[0082] 3.1 Place the prepared stone cage dam on the upstream position of the rainwater outlet, adjust the angle between the stone cage dam and the river bank, and form the lower picket dam 1.

[0083] 3.2 Along the outer periphery of the ecological corridor, every 0.5-1 m, a row of wooden stakes 22 is driven in, with the above-ground height of the wooden stakes 22 being the normal water level height of the river, and the underground depth of the wooden stakes 22 being half of the above-ground height.

[0084] 3.3 The wooden stakes 22 are used to lay the water-permeable enclosure 21 on the outer layer of the ecological corridor, and the water-permeable enclosure cloth 212 is made of 20-30 mesh polyethylene water-permeable cloth. The foam float 211 is connected to the top of the water-permeable enclosure cloth 212 to make it float up and down with the water level, and the weight block 213 is used to fix it at the bottom.

[0085] 3.4 The inner layer of the ecological corridor is laid with a water-impermeable enclosure 23, and the water-impermeable enclosure cloth 231 is made of PVC with a thickness of 5 mm. The water-impermeable enclosure cloth 231 is fixed above the wooden piles 22 with iron wires and is buried in the bottom mud below, and is compacted with counterweights 232. The water-impermeable enclosure cloth 231 at the end of the ecological corridor is connected to a rubber buoy 233 that can be inflated and deflated. When deflated, the water-impermeable enclosure at the end sinks to the bottom of the water, and when inflated, the enclosure can float up and down with the water level. The inflation and deflation state of the rubber buoy 233 is adjusted according to different rainfall conditions.

[0086] Step four: sedimentation, ecological floating bed, and ecological purification block unit construction.

[0087] 4.1 Sedimentation unit construction: Place the prepared ecological permeable stone cage wall 2 monomer at the designated location. Drive a wooden pile every 0.5 m around the ecological permeable stone cage wall 2 to fix it. The above-ground height of the wooden pile is 1 / 2 of the ecological permeable stone cage wall 2, and the underground depth is greater than or equal to the above-ground height.

[0088] 4.2 Ecological purification block unit construction: Place the completed ecological purification block 4 at the designated location, and drive anchor piles at the four corners of the ecological purification block 4 to fix it.

[0089] 4.3 Ecological floating bed unit construction: Place the completed ecological floating bed 5 at the designated location, connect the two sides of the floating bed to the anchor piles 58 with ropes 57, and drive the anchor piles 58 into the bottom mud at least 25 cm to fix them.

[0090] 4.4 Aeration device construction: Place the air-blowing aerator near the shore on the side of the ecological corridor, connect the micro-porous aeration pipe, and coil the micro-porous aeration pipe at the bottom of the ecological purification block 4 and the ecological floating bed 5.

[0091] Step five: Submerged plant unit construction.

[0092] 5.1 Selection and planting of submerged plants: Choose one or more types of submerged plants for planting according to the depth of the river. Planting of Vallisneria or dwarf Vallisneria in 0.8-1.2 m water depth, planting of Scirpus fluviatilis, Potamogeton pusillus, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Potamogeton crispus in 1.2-2.5 m water depth. The planting method of cutting can be chosen in 0.8-1.2 m water depth, and the planting method of throwing can be chosen in 1.2-2.5 m water depth. First, plant Vallisneria in the shallow water area, and then plant other submerged plants in the deep water area after the Vallisneria grows luxuriantly.

[0093] 5.2 Construction of benthic animal community: Choose common grazing snails and filter-feeding clams in the local area for release. The release density of snails is 9.5-10.5 g / m 2 , and the release density of clams is 7-9 g / m 2Select vigorous benthic animals with intact shells and normal coloration for purchase. Transport in sunny weather and ensure continuous oxygenation during transport. Pre-treat animals before release, removing any inactive or damaged parts. Handle with care during release to avoid damaging individuals; gently place them into the water, do not throw them.

[0094] Table 1. Benthic Animal Feeding Table

[0095]

[0096] 5.3 Fish Community Construction: Select locally common fish species with different diets for stocking at a density of 400-600 fish / hectare. The stocking ratio is as follows: carnivorous fish 40%-50%, filter feeders 20%-40%, omnivorous fish 10%-20%, benthic fish <10%, and herbivorous fish <6%. The body length of the stocked fish should be controlled between 5-10 cm.

[0097] Table 2 Fish Release Table

[0098]

[0099] Step Six: Management and Maintenance of the Ecological Purification Corridor.

[0100] 6.1 Sedimentation Unit Dredging: Suspended particulate matter in rainwater will accumulate in the return flow area behind the permeable gabion wall. During the dry season, a mobile submersible sewage pump is used to pump out the sediment every 3 months, and during the rainy season, a mobile submersible sewage pump is used to pump out the sediment every 1 month.

[0101] 6.2 Management and maintenance of aeration devices: Regularly inspect and backwash the aeration devices to prevent blockage of the aeration pipes and ensure the normal operation of the aeration facilities;

[0102] 6.3 Aquatic Ecosystem Maintenance: Regularly monitor the growth of emergent plants in the floating ecological beds and submerged plants in the submerged plant units, and replant or harvest aquatic plants as needed. Regularly patrol and observe changes in the numbers and growth of benthic animals and fish, promptly remove animal carcasses, and replenish as needed. For situations of excessive populations, overly dominant single species, or imbalanced sex ratios, implement fishing measures to control populations and ensure a stable food chain structure.

[0103] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater, characterized in that, The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is arranged in the river and surrounds one side of the river, and the rainwater outlet of the river is surrounded in the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor, The rainwater outlet is located in the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor and close to the upstream side; The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor is sequentially provided with a sediment unit, an ecological purification block unit, an ecological floating bed unit and a submerged plant unit from the upstream to the downstream of the river; The side of the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor facing the upstream water is provided with a lower cantilever dam, and the end of the lower cantilever dam facing the river is provided with a partition, the partition surrounds the sediment unit, the ecological purification block unit, the ecological floating bed unit and the submerged plant unit, and finally extends to the river bank and is fixed with the river bank; The sediment unit comprises a plurality of ecological permeable stone cage walls, the ecological permeable stone cage walls are perpendicular to the water flow direction of the river, and adjacent ecological permeable stone cage walls are staggered. The ecological purification block unit comprises a plurality of ecological purification blocks filled with elastic fillers. The ecological floating bed unit comprises a plurality of ecological floating beds with ecological elastic fillers suspended at the bottom. The bottom of the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block is provided with a microporous aeration device. The submerged plant unit is planted with one or more submerged plants. The lower cantilever dam is higher than the normal water level of the river, the cant angle of the lower cantilever dam is controlled to be 90°-135°, the projection length of the lower cantilever dam on the river width is more than 2 / 3 of the width of the ecological purification corridor, the lower cantilever dam is filled with large stones and is a permeable stone cage, the lower cantilever dam guides most of the river flow to the opposite bank, and reduces the influence of the river flow on the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor. The partition comprises an inner partition and an outer partition, a space is reserved between the inner partition and the outer partition, the outer partition is a permeable partition, the inner partition is an impermeable partition, the top of the impermeable partition at the end of the ecological corridor is connected with a rubber floating barrel that can be inflated and deflated, when deflated, the end of the impermeable partition sinks into the bottom of the water, and when inflated, the impermeable partition floats up and down with the water level.

2. The ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the length of the ecological permeable stone cage wall to the width of the ecological corridor is 1 / 2-3 / 5, the height is 2-3 cm higher than the normal water level of the river, and the interval is 1-2 times the length of the stone cage wall.

3. The ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh frame aperture of the ecological permeable stone cage wall is 5-8 cm, and a plurality of adsorption fillers are filled in the middle. The outer layer of the ecological permeable stone cage wall is filled with large stones with a particle size of 10-15 cm and a filling thickness of 15-20 cm; the middle layer is filled with zeolite on the water side with a particle size of 3-5 cm and a filling thickness of 6-10 cm; the middle layer is filled with ceramsite on the backwater side with a particle size of 2-3 cm and a filling thickness of 4-6 cm; and the permeability of the ecological permeable stone cage wall is controlled to be 30-50%.

4. The ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological purification block is surrounded by a rectangular PVC frame, a rope-shaped elastic filler is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the water flow in the ecological purification block, and the elastic filler and the purification block frame are connected by binding.

5. The ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological floating bed comprises a plurality of closely connected hexagonal mesh floating bodies, the periphery is surrounded by a PVC hose, the length of the side of the hexagonal floating body is 15-25 cm, a planting basket is arranged at the center hole of each floating body, emergent plants are planted in the planting basket, a plurality of ecological elastic fillers are hung below the floating body, the density is 10 / m 2 The lower end of each ecological elastic filler is connected with a counterweight; the ecological floating bed is fixed on the sediment by ropes and anchor piles on both sides.

6. The ecological purification corridor for initial rainwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous aeration device comprises a blast aeration machine and a microporous aeration pipe, the microporous aeration pipe is distributed at the bottom of the ecological floating bed and the bottom of the ecological purification block, or is coiled around the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block.

7. The method for purifying initial rainwater using the initial rainwater ecological purification gallery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The initial rainwater ecological purification corridor sets different operation modes according to different rainfall intensities, and is divided into a rainy season mode and a dry season mode, wherein the rainy season mode is divided into a light rain / medium rain mode and a heavy rain / storm mode, and specifically as follows: Dry season: the rubber floating tube above the impermeable enclosure at the tail end is deflated, so that the tail end enclosure sinks into the water bottom; in the dry season, there is little rain and the flow rate is slow, so that interception is not needed, and the biological membrane of the ecological floating bed and the ecological purification block unit is ensured to grow normally by aeration for 1-2 days every 10 days; Rainy season: when it is light rain or medium rain, i.e., the rainfall intensity is less than 8 mm / h, the rubber floating tube above the impermeable enclosure at the tail end is in a deflated state, the aeration device of the ecological purification block unit is opened for pre-aeration at the beginning of rainfall, the aeration device of the ecological floating bed unit is opened after water flow is generated at the rainwater outlet, and the aeration device is closed after the rainfall ends; When it is heavy rain or storm, i.e., the rainfall intensity is greater than 8 mm / h, the rubber floating tube above the impermeable enclosure at the tail end is in an inflated state, the floating tube can rise with the water level until the maximum height, i.e., the river normal water level, after the floating tube rises to the maximum height, the subsequent rainwater directly overflows outside the ecological corridor, and the aeration devices of the ecological purification block and the ecological floating bed unit are opened 30 minutes before the rainfall starts, and the aeration devices are closed after the rainwater overflows.

8. The construction method of the initial rainwater ecological purification corridor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: preparation work before construction 1.1 Investigate the river background conditions, survey the river topography and geomorphology, water flow conditions and bottom mud conditions of the construction section of the ecological corridor, evaluate the surrounding transportation conditions, and determine the stacking site of the construction materials; 1.2 Construction site cleaning: clean the grass and large stones on the bank of the construction section, ensure the flatness of the construction site, catch and transfer aquatic animals such as fish, shrimp, snail and mussel in the river, and dredge the river bottom mud, and then add microbial agents for bottom improvement to improve the bottom quality; 1.3 Measurement and setting out: determine the positions of the purification facilities in each unit and mark them through measurement; Step two: production of ecological permeable stone cage wall, ecological purification block and ecological floating bed unit 2.1 Production of ecological permeable stone cage wall unit: fill the oval stones, zeolite and ceramsite into the larger rectangular frame in sequence, and finally encrypt the grid aperture of the frame to make the aperture of the net cage frame 5-8 cm; 2.2 Production of ecological purification block unit: make a purification block frame mold, and fix the rope-shaped ecological elastic filler at both ends of the purification block; 2.3 Production of ecological floating bed unit: assemble multiple hexagonal floats into a honeycomb shape with a string, and fix the periphery into a circle with a PVC pipe connected end to end; bundle the rope-shaped ecological filler below the float, and put the emergent plants into the planting basket above the float; Step three: construction of overhanging dam and outer enclosure 3.1 Place the prepared stone cage dam on the upstream position of the rainwater outlet, adjust the angle between the stone cage dam and the bank to form an overhanging dam; 3.2 Drive a row of wooden stakes every 0.5-1 m along the outer periphery of the ecological corridor, the ground height of the wooden stakes is the height of the river normal water level, and the underground depth of the wooden stakes is 1 / 2 of the ground height; 3.3 The wooden piles are installed on the outer layer of the ecological corridor with a permeable barrier. The permeable barrier is made of 20-30 mesh polyethylene permeable cloth. Foam floats are attached to the barrier so that it can float up and down with the water level. The bottom is fixed with counterweights. 3.4 An impermeable enclosure is installed on the inner layer of the ecological corridor. The impermeable enclosure is made of 5 mm thick PVC impermeable fabric. The top of the enclosure is fixed to the wooden piles with iron wire, and the bottom is buried in the bottom mud and compacted with counterweights. At the end of the ecological corridor, an inflatable rubber pontoon is connected to the top of the impermeable enclosure. When deflated, the impermeable enclosure at the end sinks to the bottom of the water. When inflated, the enclosure can float up and down with the water level. The inflation and deflation status of the rubber pontoon is adjusted according to different rainfall conditions. Step 4: Construction of sedimentation, ecological purification blocks, and ecological floating bed units 4.1 Sedimentation Unit Construction: Place the completed ecological permeable gabion wall in the designated location, and drive a wooden stake every 0.5 m around the ecological permeable gabion wall for fixation. The height of the wooden stake above ground is 1 / 2 of the ecological permeable gabion wall, and the underground depth is greater than or equal to the height above ground. 4.2 Construction of ecological purification block units: After placing the completed ecological purification blocks in the designated positions, anchor piles are driven into the four corners of the ecological purification blocks for fixation; 4.3 Construction of ecological floating bed unit: After the completed ecological floating bed is placed in the designated position, the two sides of the floating bed are connected to the anchor piles by ropes, and the anchor piles are driven into the bottom mud for at least 25 cm for fixation; 4.4 Construction of aeration device: Place the blower aerator on the bank near the ecological corridor, connect the microporous aeration pipe, and coil the microporous aeration pipe around the bottom of the ecological floating bed and around the ecological purification block. Step 5: Construction of Submerged Plant Units 5.1 Selection and Planting of Submerged Plants: Select one or more submerged plants for planting according to the river depth. Plant Vallisneria natans or dwarf Vallisneria natans at a water depth of 0.8-1.2 m. Plant Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton pectinatus, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Potamogeton crispus at a water depth of 1.2-2.5 m. Cuttings can be used for planting at a water depth of 0.8-1.2 m, while casting can be used for planting at a water depth of 1.2-2.5 m. First, plant Vallisneria natans in shallow water areas. After the Vallisneria natans has grown vigorously, plant other submerged plants in deeper water areas. 5.2 Benthic community construction: Select local common scraping food snails and filter-feeding clams for release. The density of snails is 9.5-10.5 g / m 2 , the density of clams is 7-9 g / m 2 , select the vitality, shell integrity, normal color benthic animals for purchase, choose sunny weather transportation, uninterrupted oxygenation during transportation, pretreatment before release, remove the residual body without activity, release without damage to the individual; light into the water, not throw; 5.3 Fish community construction: Select common local fish species with different diets for stocking at a density of 400-600 fish / hectare. The stocking ratio is as follows: carnivorous fish 40%-50%, filter feeders 20%-40%, omnivorous fish 10%-20%, benthic fish <10%, and herbivorous fish <6%. The body length of the stocked fish should be controlled at 5-10 cm. Step Six: Management and Maintenance of the Ecological Purification Corridor 6.1 Sedimentation Unit Dredging: Suspended particles in rainwater will accumulate in the return flow area behind the permeable gabion wall. During the dry season, a mobile submersible sewage pump is used to pump out the sediment every 3 months, and during the rainy season, a mobile submersible sewage pump is used to pump out the sediment every 1 month. 6.2 Management and maintenance of aeration devices: Regularly inspect and backwash the aeration devices to prevent blockage of the aeration pipes and ensure the normal operation of the aeration facilities; 6.3 Water ecosystem maintenance: Regular monitoring of the growth of emergent plants in the ecological floating bed and submerged plants in the submerged plant unit, and supplementing or harvesting the aquatic plants; Regular patrol and observation of the changes in the number and growth of benthic animals and fish, and timely removal of animal carcasses, and appropriate replenishment according to specific circumstances; For cases where the total amount is too much, the dominance of a single species is too obvious, the sex ratio is out of balance, etc., take measures to control by fishing to ensure the stability of the food chain structure.

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