A method and apparatus for berth allocation for a fleet waiting in port.

Abstract

This invention provides a method and apparatus for berth allocation in a fleet waiting at a port, comprising: acquiring reliable berth information of the port, outbound vessel information of a roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet, and inbound vessel information; calculating the first vessel information and the second vessel information respectively to obtain the first travel time of the first outbound vessel at each stage and the second travel time of the first inbound vessel at each stage; and calculating the first vessel information, the second vessel information, the first travel time, the second travel time, and the berth weight of each berth based on preset constraints to obtain the berth corresponding to the first inbound vessel. This invention detects outbound and inbound vessels in a Ro-Ro fleet and calculates the travel time at each stage, thereby determining the berth for inbound vessels based on the time and reliable berth information. This eliminates the need for dispatch personnel to allocate berths, reducing reliance on dispatch personnel and improving the utilization rate of navigation resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of berth allocation technology in waiting ports, specifically to a method and apparatus for allocating berths for fleets waiting in waiting ports. Background Technology

[0002] Berth allocation and yield optimization methods are crucial for achieving zero waiting times for fleets in port. Currently, most berth allocation algorithms are based on single ports, with limited consideration for berth allocation on fixed routes. Berth allocation on fixed routes must consider not only the berth allocation within the port itself but also the conditions on the opposite bank and the characteristics of the vessel's navigation process to achieve zero waiting times for the fleet.

[0003] Currently, in actual production processes, berth allocation and berthing optimization for the fleet are primarily based on the experience of dispatchers. Dispatchers accumulate experience over several years, including fleet scheduling during emergency transport, holidays, and regular workdays, generating templates that are imported into computers for backup and repeated use. However, this approach has significant drawbacks. When a dispatcher is reassigned, a new employee may struggle to perform the duties, leading to considerable disadvantages. Furthermore, this method may be affected by the experience and cognitive limitations of dispatchers, failing to fully utilize the port's potential and resulting in low utilization of navigation resources.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a berth allocation method and device for fleet waiting at port to solve the technical problem that the berth allocation of fleets in the existing technology is based on the experience of the dispatchers, which is highly dependent on the dispatchers and is affected by the limitations of the dispatchers' experience and cognition, resulting in low utilization of navigation resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a method and apparatus for berth allocation for fleet waiting at port, in order to solve the technical problem that the berth allocation of fleets in the prior art is based on the experience of dispatchers, which is highly dependent on dispatchers and is affected by the limitations of dispatchers' experience and cognition, resulting in low utilization of navigation resources.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a method for berth allocation for fleet waiting at port, comprising:

[0007] The system acquires reliable berth information, outbound vessel information, and inbound vessel information for the roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet. The outbound vessel information includes the first vessel information of the first outbound vessel; the inbound vessel information includes the second vessel information of the first inbound vessel; and the reliable berth information includes the berth weight of each berth.

[0008] The first vessel information and the second vessel information are calculated respectively to obtain the first travel time of the first departing vessel in each stage and the second travel time of the first arriving vessel in each stage.

[0009] Based on preset constraints, the berth weight of each berth in the first vessel information, the second vessel information, the first travel time, the second travel time, and the reliable berth information is calculated to obtain the berth corresponding to the first vessel entering the port.

[0010] In some possible implementations, prior to obtaining reliable berth information, outbound vessel information, and inbound vessel information of the roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet, the following steps are also included:

[0011] Acquire multi-source data of the port and the roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet; the multi-source data includes berth information, vessel data, and navigation rules; the navigation rules include one-way channels where encounters are not allowed and no drifting is permitted during navigation; the berth information includes all berths and spare berths of the port.

[0012] The navigation rules are analyzed to obtain key information, including the principle of not encountering each other on the one-way channel and not drifting.

[0013] The berth information and the ship data are processed to obtain the berth number and berth weight corresponding to each berth and the ship number and ship weight corresponding to each ship.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the first vessel information includes the average speed and start time of the first departing vessel; the various stages include the first departing vessel arriving at the one-way channel, leaving the one-way channel, and leaving the one-way channel to reach the opposite shore; the multi-source data includes nautical chart information;

[0015] The calculation of the first vessel information of the first departing vessel to obtain the first travel time of the first departing vessel at each stage includes:

[0016] Based on the nautical chart information, determine the first distance the first departing vessel travels to the one-way channel, the second distance it travels out of the one-way channel, and the third distance it travels from the one-way channel to the opposite shore;

[0017] The first travel time corresponding to each stage is obtained by calculating the start time of the voyage, the average speed, the first distance, the second distance, the third distance, the arrival time, and the departure time.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the calculation of the start time, average speed, first distance, second distance, third distance, arrival time, and departure time to obtain the first travel time corresponding to each stage includes:

[0019] The arrival time of the first departing vessel to the one-way channel is obtained by calculating the start time of the voyage, the average speed, and the first distance.

[0020] The departure time of the first departing vessel from the one-way channel is obtained by calculating the start time of the voyage, the average speed, the second distance, and the arrival time.

[0021] The starting time of the voyage, the average speed, the third distance, and the departure time are calculated to obtain the final time for the first departing vessel to travel from the one-way channel to the opposite shore.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the step of calculating the berth weight of each berth in the first vessel information, the second vessel information, the first travel time, the second travel time, and the reliable berth information based on preset constraints to obtain the berth corresponding to the first arriving vessel includes:

[0023] The initial berthing berth of the first arriving vessel is obtained by calculating the first vessel information, the second vessel information, the first travel time, the second travel time, and the berth weight of each berth according to the preset objective function.

[0024] The initial berthing position is restricted according to the preset constraints to obtain the target berthing position.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the preset restrictions include each vessel can only berth at one berth, each berth can only accommodate at most one vessel, all departing vessels in the departing vessel information and all arriving vessels in the arriving vessel information cannot meet in a one-way channel, the first arriving vessel ensures that there is a berth available on its own shore before it begins sailing on the opposite shore, and all arriving vessels cannot be arranged in adjacent berths.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the first arriving vessel ensures that there is a berth available on the shore before it begins sailing from the opposite bank. This includes ensuring that the berth is unoccupied when allocating berths, that the sailing time of arriving vessels allocated to the same berth is greater than the departure time of vessels currently berthed at the same berth, and that vessels at the berth are moved if no suitable berth is currently available.

[0027] In some possible implementations, when the number of first vessels in the inbound vessel information is not less than the number of berths in the reliable berth information plus the number of second vessels in the outbound vessel information, the vessels on the berths are moved to other berths based on the usage of the spare berths.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the preset objective function is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] N ship,in For assembling vessels entering the port from this shore (or departing from the opposite shore); n i,in For any vessel entering the port, i.e., the first vessel to enter the port; N ship,out For assembling of ships departing from this shore; n j,out For any departing vessel, i.e., the first departing vessel; w i The weight of the i-th vessel entering the port; w j The weight of the j-th departing vessel; The weight of berth number q; This indicates that the i-th inbound vessel leaves the one-way channel and proceeds to berth B. q Time; This refers to the start time of the voyage of the i-th vessel entering the port. The time it takes for departing vessels to travel from the one-way channel to the other side; This refers to the start time of voyage for the j-th departing vessel; For ships n i,in Whether to berth at berth q. If berthed, use 1; otherwise, use 0.

[0031] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a berth allocation device for a fleet waiting at a port, comprising:

[0032] The information acquisition module is used to acquire reliable berth information, outbound vessel information, and inbound vessel information of the roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet; the outbound vessel information includes the first vessel information of the first outbound vessel; the inbound vessel information includes the second vessel information of the first inbound vessel; and the reliable berth information includes the berth weight of each berth.

[0033] The time calculation module is used to calculate the first vessel information and the second vessel information respectively to obtain the first travel time of the first departing vessel in each stage and the second travel time of the first arriving vessel in each stage.

[0034] The berth determination module is used to calculate the berth weight of each berth in the first vessel information, the second vessel information, the first travel time, the second travel time, and the reliable berth information based on preset constraints, so as to obtain the berth corresponding to the first vessel entering the port.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are as follows: The berth allocation method for fleet waiting at the port provided by the present invention, by detecting reliable berth information of the port and the departure and arrival information of ro-ro fleets, allocates berths to arriving vessels. This achieves automatic berth allocation without the need for dispatch personnel, reducing reliance on dispatchers. Furthermore, it can detect departing and arriving vessels in the ro-ro fleet and calculate the time taken to reach each stage of travel. Based on time and reliable berth information, the optimal berth for arriving vessels can be determined, unaffected by the experience and cognitive limitations of dispatchers. This allows for the exploitation of the port's maximum potential and improves the utilization rate of navigation resources. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the berth allocation method for fleet waiting ports provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the single-lane waterway provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the distribution of berths in a local port provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the berth allocation device for fleet waiting ports provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor systems and / or microcontroller systems.

[0044] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] This invention provides a method and apparatus for berth allocation for a fleet waiting at a port, which will be described below.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the berth allocation method for fleet waiting ports provided by the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the berth allocation method for the fleet waiting port includes:

[0047] S101. Obtain reliable berth information, outbound vessel information, and inbound vessel information of the roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet; outbound vessel information includes the first vessel information of the first outbound vessel; inbound vessel information includes the second vessel information of the first inbound vessel; reliable berth information includes the berth weight of each berth.

[0048] S102. Calculate the first vessel information and the second vessel information respectively to obtain the first travel time of the first departing vessel in each stage and the second travel time of the first arriving vessel in each stage.

[0049] S103. Based on preset constraints, calculate the berth weight of each berth in the first vessel information, second vessel information, first travel time, second travel time and reliable berth information to obtain the berth corresponding to the first vessel entering the port.

[0050] Compared with existing technologies, the berth allocation method for fleet waiting at port provided in this invention detects reliable berth information and information on departing and arriving vessels in the ro-ro fleet, thereby allocating berths to arriving vessels. This achieves automatic berth allocation without the need for dispatch personnel, reducing reliance on them. Furthermore, it can detect departing and arriving vessels in the ro-ro fleet and calculate the travel time at each stage, thus determining the optimal berth for arriving vessels based on time and reliable berth information. This is not affected by the experience and cognitive limitations of dispatch personnel, allowing for the exploitation of the port's maximum potential and improving the utilization rate of navigation resources.

[0051] It should be understood that a roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) ship refers to a "ship" that uses a ramp to load and unload cargo vehicles. A port on this shore can have multiple berths. The status of a berth can be determined based on whether a ship is moored there. Berths without moored ships are identified as reliable berths, thus providing information on all berths in the port. Berths where ships depart before arriving ships are also considered reliable berths. The same principle applies to the opposite shore, and this will not be repeated in this embodiment. Ships can depart from this shore, which is equivalent to entering the port relative to the opposite shore. Ships departing from this shore travel through a one-way channel to the opposite shore, and ships from the opposite shore travel through a one-way channel to this shore. The one-way channel is as follows... Figure 2 As shown, this process is repeated, thus enabling the fleet to achieve zero waiting time during the port waiting process. This embodiment of the invention takes one departing vessel and one arriving vessel relative to the shore as examples to obtain the optimal solution for the arriving vessel, i.e., the optimal berth. The same principle applies to other arriving and departing vessels, and this embodiment of the invention will not repeat the discussion.

[0052] Furthermore, to ensure the normal berthing of ships in the port, the number of ships in the first berth information of arriving ships must be less than the number of berths in the reliable berth information plus the number of ships in the second berth information of departing ships. For example, if there are 3 reliable berths and 2 departing ships, then the number of arriving ships must be less than or equal to 5. To ensure the stability of the berths, the number of departing ships and arriving ships can be kept consistent, for example, 3 departing ships and 3 arriving ships. When the number of ships in the first berth information of arriving ships is not less than the number of berths in the reliable berth information plus the number of ships in the second berth information of departing ships, the usage status of the port's spare berths can be determined, and ships on the berths can be moved to other berths.

[0053] It should be noted that in order to process ships in the port, it is necessary to analyze the ships and berths before processing. In some embodiments of the present invention, the process further includes the following steps before step S101:

[0054] Acquire multi-source data on ports and the Ro-Ro fleet; the multi-source data includes berth information, vessel data, and navigation rules; navigation rules include one-way channels to prevent encounters and prohibit drifting during navigation; berth information includes all berths and spare berths in the port;

[0055] The navigation rules were analyzed to obtain key information, including the principle of not meeting or drifting in one-way channels when setting sail.

[0056] The berth information and ship data are processed to obtain the berth number and berth weight for each berth and the ship number and ship weight for each ship.

[0057] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, multi-source data can be collected from historical data. This multi-source data can include port berth information, vessel data, and navigation rules. A comprehensive analysis of the port berth information, vessel data, and navigation rules can then be performed. For example, the types of port berths include their locations, distribution, berthing priorities, berthing rules, and availability of spare berths. Vessel data includes vessel size, priority level, and type. Navigation rules include one-way traffic rules prohibiting encounters and prohibiting drifting during navigation. Organizing the navigation rules yields key information. For instance, the prohibition of encounters in one-way traffic essentially means that captains must monitor the departure status of vessels on the opposite bank and closely follow them to prevent insufficient time to avoid drifting due to insufficient time to avoid one-way traffic. This helps in model building to find feasible solutions and facilitates subsequent decision-making. This allows for the digital processing of port berths and vessels, weighting ship data and port berth information to quantify different data elements according to their importance in the decision-making process and establish a weighting system. The specific ship weight coefficient is determined based on a comprehensive assessment of ship size, cargo capacity, and age, while the berth weight coefficient is determined based on factors such as berth ease of operation and berth efficiency. The specific weighting process can be set according to actual circumstances, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose limitations. The ship weights are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1. Ship Weights

[0059] Ship number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Weight 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ship number 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Weight 1 1 1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Ship number 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Weight 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 Ship number 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Weight 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Ship number 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Weight 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Ship number 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 Weight 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 Ship number 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 Weight 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

[0060] The distribution of berths in the local port is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, there are a total of 18 berths. The number of spare berths can be set according to the actual situation. This embodiment of the invention does not impose any restrictions on this. The weight of each berth is shown in Table 2.

[0061] Table 2. Weights of Berths

[0062] Berth number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Weight 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Berth number 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Weight 0.5 0.5 0.5 spare spare 1 1 1 1

[0063] It is important to note that berths 1-12 are too close together and require staggered berthing. An established weighting system determines the initial priority (i.e., weight) of vessels and berths, providing information support for the subsequent berth allocation model.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first vessel information includes the average speed and start time of the first departing vessel; each stage includes the first departing vessel arriving at the one-way channel, leaving the one-way channel, and leaving the one-way channel to reach the opposite shore; multi-source data includes nautical chart information; step S102 includes:

[0065] Based on the nautical chart information, determine the first distance for the first departing vessel to reach the one-way channel, the second distance to exit the one-way channel, and the third distance to reach the opposite shore from the one-way channel.

[0066] The start time, average speed, first distance, second distance, third distance, arrival time, and departure time are calculated to obtain the first travel time for each stage.

[0067] In specific embodiments of this invention, the focus is primarily on roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleets, so typically 3, 4, 5, or 6 vessels depart simultaneously, denoted as m, meaning 3 departing vessels and 3 arriving vessels. Multi-source data can include nautical chart information, allowing determination of the first distance the first departing vessel travels to the one-way channel, the second distance from its arrival to its exit from the one-way channel, and the third distance from its exit to the opposite shore. When the vessels begin their voyage, the start time can be obtained. Furthermore, the navigation rules specify the average speed of the Ro-Ro fleet during navigation. Therefore, the average speed and start time of the first departing and first arriving vessels can be obtained.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, the start time of navigation, average speed, first distance, second distance, third distance, arrival time, and departure time are calculated to obtain the first travel time corresponding to each stage, including:

[0069] The arrival time of the first departing vessel to reach the one-way channel is obtained by calculating the start time of the voyage, the average speed, and the first distance.

[0070] The departure time of the first departing vessel is obtained by calculating the start time of the voyage, average speed, second distance, and arrival time.

[0071] The starting time of the voyage, average speed, third distance, and departure time are calculated to obtain the final time for the first departing vessel to travel from the one-way channel to the opposite shore.

[0072] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the arrival time of the first departing vessel to reach the one-way channel can be calculated based on the start time of navigation, average speed, and first distance. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Let be the average speed of the j-th departing vessel. The first distance, The travel time is the time taken to arrive, and the arrival time is equal to the travel time. By adding the start time of voyage, the departure time of the first departing vessel from the one-way channel can be obtained based on the arrival time, start time of voyage, average speed, and second distance. Furthermore, the final time for the first departing vessel to reach the opposite shore from the one-way channel can be obtained based on the departure time, start time of voyage, average speed, and third distance. The calculation process for departure time and final time is similar and will not be repeated in this embodiment. Here, arrival time, departure time, and final time represent the first travel time corresponding to each stage of the first departing vessel's journey.

[0073] Furthermore, consistent with the process of calculating the time for the first departing vessel, the arrival time of the first arriving vessel from the opposite bank to the one-way channel can be calculated based on its starting time, average speed, and initial distance. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Let be the average speed of the i-th vessel entering the port. The first distance, The travel time is the time taken to arrive, and the arrival time is equal to the travel time. By adding the start time of voyage, the departure time of the first vessel entering the port can be obtained based on the arrival time, average speed, and second distance. Furthermore, the final time of the first vessel arriving at the shore can be obtained based on the departure time, average speed, and third distance. The calculation process for arrival time, departure time, and final time is similar and will not be repeated in this embodiment. Here, arrival time, departure time, and final time refer to the second travel time corresponding to each stage of the first vessel entering the port.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S103 includes:

[0075] The initial berthing berth of the first arriving vessel is obtained by calculating the first vessel information, the second vessel information, the first travel time, the second travel time, and the berth weight of each berth according to the preset objective function.

[0076] The initial berthing position is restricted according to preset constraints to obtain the target berthing position.

[0077] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first ship information, the second ship information, the first travel time, the second travel time and the berth weight of each berth can be calculated according to a preset objective function to obtain the value corresponding to each berth calculated by the preset objective function, and the berth corresponding to the minimum value is determined as the initial berth of the first ship entering the port. The preset objective function is shown in formula (1):

[0078]

[0079] N ship N represents the total number of ships dispatched by the current fleet. ship,in For assembling vessels entering the port from this shore (or departing from the opposite shore); n i,in For any vessel entering the port, i.e., the first vessel to enter the port; N ship,out For assembling of ships departing from this shore; n j,out For any departing vessel, i.e., the first departing vessel; w i The weight of the i-th vessel entering the port; w j The weight of the j-th departing vessel; The weight of berth number q; This indicates that the i-th inbound vessel leaves the one-way channel and proceeds to berth B. q Time; This refers to the start time of the voyage of the i-th vessel entering the port. The time it takes for departing vessels to travel from the one-way channel to the other side; This refers to the start time of voyage for the j-th departing vessel; For ships n i,in Whether to berth at berth q. If berthed, use 1; otherwise, use 0.

[0080] In specific embodiments of the present invention, it can be assumed that If the value is 1, the weight of each berth in the reliable berth information is calculated according to the objective function, and the calculated value corresponding to each berth is obtained. Then, the calculated value corresponding to the minimum value is determined from all the calculated values ​​of all berths in the reliable berth information. The berth corresponding to the minimum value is determined as the initial berthing berth of the first vessel entering the port. The initial berthing berth can also be restricted according to preset constraints to obtain the target berthing berth.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preset restrictions may include each vessel can only berth at one berth, each berth can only berth at most one vessel, all departing vessels in the departing vessel information and all arriving vessels in the arriving vessel information cannot meet in a one-way channel, the first arriving vessel must ensure that there is a berth available on its shore before it begins sailing on the opposite bank, and all arriving vessels cannot be arranged at adjacent berths.

[0082] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, each vessel can only berth at one berth, as shown in formula (2):

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, For any set of reliable berths for vessels entering the port, N ship,in This is for assembling vessels entering the port from this shore (or departing from the opposite shore).

[0085] Each berth can only accommodate a maximum of one vessel, as shown in formula (3):

[0086]

[0087] Inbound and outbound convoys cannot meet in a one-way channel, including two situations: first, all outbound convoys have already departed before the inbound convoys reach the one-way channel, and the safe distance requirement is met; second, the inbound convoys have already departed the one-way channel before the outbound convoys arrive at the one-way channel, and the safe distance requirement is met, as shown in formula (4):

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, Let be the arrival time of the i-th inbound vessel at the one-way channel; T represents the arrival time of the j-th departing vessel at the one-way channel; safe The safe time required for ships to meet can be calculated based on the required safe distance and the average speed of the ships; m is the number of ships in the port queue, and generally the number of roll-on / roll-off ships in and out of the queue is equal; T is the geometric time step, which can be set to T = {0, ..., t}, and the specific time step can be set according to the port's operational needs, such as 5 minutes, 8 minutes, or 10 minutes; x ij The value is 1 if the j-th (departing) vessel immediately follows the i-th (entering) vessel through a one-way channel, or if the i-th (entering) vessel immediately follows the j-th (departing) vessel through a one-way channel; otherwise, it is 0. M is a sufficiently large constant. The time it takes for the i-th inbound vessel to exit the one-way channel; The time it takes for the j-th departing vessel to exit the one-way channel.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, before the first arriving vessel begins its voyage to the opposite shore, it ensures that there is a berth available on the shore. This includes ensuring that the berth is unoccupied when allocating berths, that the voyage time of the arriving vessel allocated to the same berth is greater than the departure time of the vessel currently berthed at the same berth, and that the vessel at the berth is moved to another berth if there is no suitable berth available.

[0091] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before the inbound fleet begins its voyage to the opposite bank, a berth is ensured to be available, thus achieving zero waiting time at the port. If no suitable berth is available, vessels currently occupying a berth can be moved to a backup berth, thereby ensuring reliable berth availability. The total number of berths at the terminal is B (including backup berths), and the current berth status (when the inbound fleet begins its voyage) is represented by... This indicates that a value of 1 represents an occupied berth, and a value of 0 represents an unoccupied berth. The total number of available berths is B. spare The vessel will be moved from its berth to a backup berth. The symbol 1 indicates that the berth has been moved to a spare berth, and 0 indicates that it has not. This determines whether the berth is adjacent to a spare berth. If the nearest neighbor is 1, then the value is 0.

[0092] Ensure that the berth is unoccupied when it is assigned, as shown in formula (5):

[0093]

[0094] Ensure that the sailing time allocated to incoming vessels at the same berth is greater than the departure time of vessels currently berthed at the same berth, as shown in formulas (6) and (7):

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] If there is no suitable berth available at present, berthing needs to be moved, and the conditions shown in formulas (8) and (9) must be met:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Since some berths cannot operate continuously, such as berths 1-10, the allocation of berths must meet the following rules:

[0101] If any vessel in the port arrival queue meets the following condition, it means that the vessel in the port arrival queue cannot be arranged at an adjacent berth, as shown in formula (10):

[0102]

[0103] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, taking three ships as an example, there are also three departing ships, currently berthed at berths 15, 9, and 3. Since berths 15, 9, and 3 are not adjacent, arriving ships can berth at these berths, and the solution of ships berthing at these three berths can be used as the initial solution. However, determining which ship specifically berths at which of berths 15, 9, and 3 requires further calculation considering the one-way navigation of ships. Based on the port berth distribution, let the ship numbers departing from berths 3, 9, and 15 be 1′, 2′, and 3′ respectively, and the arriving ship numbers be 1, 2, and 3. Considering the one-way navigation principle and the principle of convoy navigation, the initial solution is that arriving ship 1 berths at berth 15, ship 2 berths at berth 9, and ship 3 berths at berth 3.

[0104] Currently available berths include 14, 7, 6, 2, 11, and 18. The optimal solution can be further solved using the following attack-recovery strategy.

[0105] Arbitrarily select vessels from 1, 2, and 3 as unassigned berth vessels, then assign them to currently available berths, and further calculate the objective function until the objective is optimal.

[0106] When the number of available berths and berths vacated by departing vessels cannot meet the requirements, a shifting strategy is used to satisfy the requirements.

[0107] This invention comprehensively considers factors such as ship departure time, berth weight, one-way channel encounters, the inability of adjacent berths to berth simultaneously, and the need to yield occupied berths. It proposes a berth allocation method for fixed routes, taking into account the navigation and encounter characteristics of Ro-Ro fleets, to achieve zero-waiting-time berth allocation for fleets in port. Through model calculation and optimization, ship departure times and berth usage can be rationally arranged, thereby minimizing the possibility of resource idleness and time waste. Further experiments were conducted using ship navigation data, ship information, and berth information. Based on this method, the voyage implementation of Ro-Ro fleets on fixed routes can be accurately grasped, not only avoiding drifting and increasing safety, but also improving berth utilization, thus providing support for port safety management and port scheduling. This invention compensates for the current deficiency in the lack of linkage between Ro-Ro ship navigation and berthing operations, which leads to frequent drifting and increased safety hazards. Furthermore, ship berthing is mainly based on the experience of dispatchers, which is susceptible to human factors, resulting in high labor costs and imperfect scheduling schemes. This invention improves berth utilization and supports the construction of smart ports.

[0108] To better implement the berth allocation method for fleet waiting at ports in this embodiment of the invention, correspondingly, this embodiment of the invention also provides a berth allocation device for fleet waiting at ports, such as... Figure 4As shown, the berth allocation device for the fleet waiting port includes:

[0109] The information acquisition module 401 is used to acquire reliable berth information, outbound vessel information and inbound vessel information of the roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet; the outbound vessel information includes the first vessel information of the first outbound vessel; the inbound vessel information includes the second vessel information of the first inbound vessel; the reliable berth information includes the berth weight of each berth;

[0110] The time calculation module 402 is used to calculate the first vessel information and the second vessel information respectively to obtain the first travel time of the first departing vessel in each stage and the second travel time of the first arriving vessel in each stage.

[0111] The berth determination module 403 is used to calculate the berth weight of each berth in the first vessel information, second vessel information, first travel time, second travel time and reliable berth information based on preset constraints, so as to obtain the berth corresponding to the first vessel entering the port.

[0112] The berth allocation device for fleet waiting ports provided in the above embodiments can realize the technical solutions described in the above embodiments of the berth allocation method for fleet waiting ports. The specific implementation principles of each module or unit can be found in the corresponding content in the above embodiments of the berth allocation method for fleet waiting ports, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 500. The electronic device 500 includes a processor 501, a memory 502, and a display 503. Figure 5 Only some components of the electronic device 500 are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement all the components shown, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0114] In some embodiments, memory 502 may be an internal storage unit of electronic device 500, such as a hard disk or memory of electronic device 500. In other embodiments, memory 502 may also be an external storage device of electronic device 500, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc. equipped on electronic device 500.

[0115] Furthermore, the memory 502 may include both internal storage units of the electronic device 500 and external storage devices. The memory 502 is used to store application software and various types of data installed on the electronic device 500.

[0116] In some embodiments, processor 501 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or other data processing chip, used to run program code stored in memory 502 or process data, such as the berth allocation method for fleet waiting at port in this invention.

[0117] In some embodiments, display 503 may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen. Display 503 is used to display information from electronic device 500 and to display a visual user interface. Components 501-503 of electronic device 500 communicate with each other via a system bus.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present invention, when processor 501 executes the berth allocation program for the fleet waiting at port in memory 502, the following steps may be implemented:

[0119] Obtain reliable berth information, outbound vessel information, and inbound vessel information of the roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) fleet; outbound vessel information includes the first vessel information of the first outbound vessel; inbound vessel information includes the second vessel information of the first inbound vessel; reliable berth information includes the berth weight of each berth;

[0120] The first vessel information and the second vessel information are calculated separately to obtain the first travel time of the first departing vessel in each stage and the second travel time of the first arriving vessel in each stage.

[0121] Based on preset constraints, the berth weight of each berth in the first vessel information, second vessel information, first travel time, second travel time, and reliable berth information is calculated to obtain the berth corresponding to the first vessel entering the port.

[0122] It should be understood that when the processor 501 executes the berth allocation program for the fleet waiting at the port in the memory 502, in addition to the functions mentioned above, it can also perform other functions, as can be found in the description of the corresponding method embodiments above.

[0123] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit the type of electronic device 500 mentioned. Electronic device 500 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), wearable device, laptop computer, or other portable electronic device. Exemplary embodiments of portable electronic devices include, but are not limited to, portable electronic devices running iOS, Android, Microsoft, or other operating systems. The aforementioned portable electronic device can also be other portable electronic devices, such as a laptop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel). It should also be understood that in some other embodiments of the invention, electronic device 500 may not be a portable electronic device, but rather a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel).

[0124] Accordingly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer-readable programs or instructions. When the programs or instructions are executed by a processor, they can implement the steps or functions of the berth allocation method for fleet waiting at the port provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware (such as a processor, controller, etc.), and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a disk, optical disk, read-only memory, or random access memory, etc.

[0126] The berth allocation method and apparatus for fleet waiting ports provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of berth allocation for a fleet of ships in a port, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining reliable berth information of a port, outbound ship information and inbound ship information of a roll-on / roll-off ship fleet; the outbound ship information comprises first ship information of a first outbound ship; the inbound ship information comprises second ship information of a first inbound ship; the reliable berth information comprises a berth weight of each berth; calculating the first ship information and the second ship information respectively to obtain a first travel time of the first outbound ship at each stage and a second travel time of the first inbound ship at the each stage; calculating the first ship information, the second ship information, the first travel time, the second travel time and the berth weight of each berth in the reliable berth information based on a preset limit condition to obtain a berthing berth corresponding to the first inbound ship; before the step of obtaining the reliable berth information of the port, the outbound ship information and the inbound ship information of the roll-on / roll-off ship fleet, the method further comprises the following steps: obtaining multi-source data of the port and the roll-on / roll-off ship fleet; the multi-source data comprises berth information, ship data and navigation rules; the navigation rules comprise a single-channel navigation rule and a navigation process rule; the berth information comprises all berths and standby berths of the port; analyzing the navigation rules to obtain key information; the key information comprises a ship departure rule based on the single-channel navigation rule and the navigation process rule; processing the berth information and the ship data to obtain a berth number and a berth weight corresponding to each berth and a ship number and a ship weight corresponding to each ship; the step of calculating the first ship information, the second ship information, the first travel time, the second travel time and the berth weight of each berth in the reliable berth information based on the preset limit condition to obtain the berthing berth corresponding to the first inbound ship comprises the following steps: calculating the first ship information, the second ship information, the first travel time, the second travel time and the berth weight of each berth based on a preset objective function to obtain an initial berthing berth of the first inbound ship; limiting the initial berthing berth based on the preset limit condition to obtain a target berthing berth; the preset objective function is as follows: For assembling vessels arriving at the port; For any vessel entering the port, i.e., the first vessel to enter the port; For the assembly of ships departing from this shore; For any departing vessel, i.e., the first departing vessel; For the first i The weight of each vessel entering the port; For the first j The weight of each departing vessel; for q The weight of each berth number; Indicates the first i The incoming vessels leave the one-way channel and proceed to their berths. Time; For the first i The start time of voyage for vessels entering the port; The time it takes for departing vessels to travel from the one-way channel to the other side; For the first j The departure time of the vessel; For ships Is it in q If a berth is berthed, the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

2. The method of berth allocation for a fleet of ships in a port according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first ship information comprises an average speed and a start navigation time of the first outbound ship; the each stage comprises a single-channel navigation stage, a single-channel exit stage and a cross-channel navigation stage; the multi-source data comprises chart information; the step of calculating the first ship information of the first outbound ship to obtain the first travel time of the first outbound ship at each stage comprises the following steps: determining a first distance of the first outbound ship to the single-channel navigation stage, a second distance of the first outbound ship to exit the single-channel navigation stage and a third distance of the first outbound ship from the single-channel navigation stage to the cross-channel navigation stage based on the chart information; The start sailing time, the average sailing speed, the first distance, the second distance, the third distance, the arrival time and the leaving time are calculated to obtain the first sailing time corresponding to each stage respectively.

3. The method of berth allocation for a fleet of ships in a port according to claim 2, characterized in that, The start sailing time, the average sailing speed, the first distance, the second distance, the third distance, the arrival time and the leaving time are calculated to obtain the first sailing time corresponding to each stage respectively, including: The start sailing time, the average sailing speed and the first distance are calculated to obtain the arrival time of the first outbound ship at the single-channel waterway; The start sailing time, the average sailing speed, the second distance and the arrival time are calculated to obtain the leaving time of the first outbound ship from the single-channel waterway; The start sailing time, the average sailing speed, the third distance and the leaving time are calculated to obtain the final time of the first outbound ship from the single-channel waterway to the opposite shore.

4. The method of assigning berths to a fleet of ships in a port according to claim 1, wherein, The preset restriction conditions include that each ship can only be berthed at one berth, at most one ship can be docked at each berth, all outbound ships in the outbound ship information and all inbound ships in the inbound ship information cannot meet in the single-channel waterway, the first inbound ship ensures that there is a berth available on the home shore before starting sailing on the opposite shore, and all inbound ships cannot be arranged at adjacent berths.

5. The method of berth allocation for a fleet of ships in a port according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first inbound ship ensures that there is a berth available on the home shore before starting sailing on the opposite shore, including that when the berths are allocated, the berths are in an unoccupied state, the sailing time of the inbound ships allocated to the same berth is greater than the outbound time of the currently docked ship at the same berth, and when there is no suitable berth at present, the ships on the berths are relocated.

6. The method of berth allocation for a fleet of ships in a port according to claim 1, wherein, When the number of first ships in the inbound ship information is not less than the number of berths in the reliable berth information plus the number of second ships in the outbound ship information, the ships on the berths are relocated according to the usage of the standby berths.

7. A berth allocation apparatus for a fleet of ships in a port, characterized in that, It includes: An information acquisition module is configured to acquire reliable berth information of a port, outbound ship information and inbound ship information of a roll-on / roll-off ship fleet; the outbound ship information includes first ship information of a first outbound ship; the inbound ship information includes second ship information of a first inbound ship; and the reliable berth information includes a berth weight of each berth. A time calculation module is configured to calculate the first ship information and the second ship information respectively to obtain first sailing time of the first outbound ship at each stage and second sailing time of the first inbound ship at each stage. A berth determination module is configured to calculate the first ship information, the second ship information, the first sailing time, the second sailing time and the berth weight of each berth in the reliable berth information based on preset restriction conditions to obtain a berthing berth corresponding to the first inbound ship. Before the reliable berth information of the port, the outbound ship information and the inbound ship information of the roll-on / roll-off ship fleet are acquired, it further includes: Obtain multi-source data of the port and the RORO fleet; the multi-source data includes berth information, ship data and navigation rules; the navigation rules include single-channel non-meeting and non-drifting during navigation; the berth information includes all berths and standby berths of the port; Analyze the navigation rules to obtain key information; the key information includes ship departure according to the principles of single-channel non-meeting and non-drifting; Process the berth information and the ship data to obtain berth numbers and berth weights corresponding to each berth and ship numbers and ship weights corresponding to each ship; The calculation of the first ship information, the second ship information, the first travel time, the second travel time and the berth weight of each berth based on the preset limit condition to obtain the berthing berth corresponding to the first incoming ship includes: According to the preset target function, the first ship information, the second ship information, the first travel time, the second travel time and the berth weight of each berth are calculated to obtain the initial berthing berth of the first incoming ship; Limit the initial berthing berth according to the preset limit condition to obtain the target berthing berth; The preset target function is as follows: For assembling vessels arriving at the port; For any vessel entering the port, i.e., the first vessel to enter the port; For the assembly of ships departing from this shore; For any departing vessel, i.e., the first departing vessel; For the first i The weight of each vessel entering the port; For the first j The weight of each departing vessel; for q The weight of each berth number; Indicates the first i The incoming vessels leave the one-way channel and proceed to their berths. Time; For the first i The start time of voyage for vessels entering the port; The time it takes for departing vessels to travel from the one-way channel to the other side; For the first j The departure time of the vessel; For ships Is it in q If a berth is berthed, the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

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