Method and apparatus for wireless communication

Abstract

Various aspects of this disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) can generate an indication of UE capabilities for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE. The UE can transmit this indication. The UE can also use a default polarization. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 17 / 450,782, filed October 13, 2021, entitled “User Equipment Capability for Switching Polarizations,” which is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatus for switching polarization. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems can utilize multiple access technologies that enable communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a collection of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include one or more base stations that support communication for user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. UEs may communicate with base stations via downlink and uplink communication. "Downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from the base station to the UE, and "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station.

[0006] The aforementioned multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different UEs to communicate at the city, country, region, and / or global levels. New Radio (NR) (which may be referred to as 5G) is an enhancement set to the LTE mobile standard issued by 3GPP. NR is designed to better integrate with other open standards by improving spectrum efficiency, reducing costs, improving service, utilizing new spectrum, and using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the downlink (CP-OFDM), and using CP-OFDM and / or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation, thereby better supporting mobile broadband internet access. Further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE). The method may include generating an indication of UE capability regarding the polarization (e.g., linear, circular) of one or more antennas used for switching the UE. The method may include transmitting the indication.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a wireless communication method performed by a base station. This method may include receiving from a UE an indication of UE capabilities regarding the polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE. This method may also include transmitting scheduling information to the UE in downlink control information (DCI) that is at least partially based on the UE capabilities.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. This method may include switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization. The method may include transmitting or receiving communications.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to generate an indication of the UE's capability to switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit the indication.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to base stations for wireless communication. A base station may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive from a UE an indication of UE capabilities regarding the polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit scheduling information to the UE in a DCI based at least in part on the UE capabilities.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit or receive communications.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication performed by a UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions causes the UE to generate an indication of its UE capability to switch the polarization of one or more antennas. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions causes the UE to transmit the indication.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication performed by a base station. When executed by one or more processors of the base station, the set of instructions causes the base station to receive from a UE an indication of UE capabilities for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE. When executed by one or more processors of the base station, the set of instructions causes the base station to transmit scheduling information in a DCI to the UE, at least in part, based on the UE capabilities.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication performed by a UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions causes the UE to switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions causes the UE to transmit or receive communications.

[0016] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for generating an indication of a UE's capability to switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the apparatus. The apparatus may also include components for transmitting the indication.

[0017] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving from a UE an indication of UE capabilities regarding the polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE. The apparatus may also include means for transmitting, in a DCI, scheduling information to the UE based at least in part on the UE capabilities.

[0018] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the apparatus, at least in part, based on the apparatus's UE capability for switching polarization. The apparatus may include components for transmitting or receiving communications.

[0019] The aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication equipment and / or processing systems, as fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and description.

[0020] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to this disclosure have been summarized quite extensively above in order to provide a better understanding of the specific embodiments described below. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose as this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of protection of the appended claims. The characteristics (both their organization and operation) of the concepts disclosed herein, as well as their associated advantages, will be better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, based on the description below. Each of these drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To gain a full understanding of the foregoing features of this disclosure, a more specific description of the invention, briefly summarized above, can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not intended to limit its scope, as other equally valid aspects may be acknowledged in the specification. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a base station and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 These are illustrations of examples of regenerable satellite deployment and transparent satellite deployment in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) according to this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating examples of linear and circular polarization according to this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a coverage area served by one or more polarizations according to this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 6A and Figure 6B This is a diagram illustrating an example of using a beam for communication between a base station and a UE according to this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6C This is a diagram illustrating an example of a physical channel and reference signal in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 6D This is a diagram illustrating examples of signals and reflected signals according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 7A This is a diagram illustrating an example of a UE capability for switching polarization according to the instructions of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 7B This is a diagram illustrating an example of a call flow for indicating UE capabilities for switching polarization according to this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure performed by a UE according to this disclosure, for example.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed by a base station according to this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure performed by a UE according to this disclosure, for example.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation of a device for employing a processing system according to the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 13 These are illustrations of specific implementations of the code and circuitry for the apparatus according to this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 15This is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation of a device for employing a processing system according to the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 16 These are illustrations of specific implementations of the code and circuitry for the apparatus according to this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 17 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation of a device for employing a processing system according to the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 19 These are illustrations of specific implementations of the code and circuitry for the apparatus according to this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture according to this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Wireless communication devices can transmit and receive using polarized beams. Polarization describes how the electric field of an electromagnetic wave is oriented. Linear polarization occurs when the tip of the electric field of an electromagnetic wave at a fixed point in space oscillates linearly with time. Circular polarization occurs when the tip of the electric field of an electromagnetic wave at a fixed point in space moves about a circle, and electromagnetic waves can be formed by superimposing two orthogonal linearly polarized waves of equal amplitude and 90 degrees phase difference. Portable devices (such as user equipment (UE)) can have varying polarization due to movement or location. For example, a transmitting UE can move to a location where the transmitted signal is reflected from a surface (e.g., a wall) to a receiving UE. The receiving UE can expect to receive the polarization. However, due to signal reflection from a wall, the received polarization may differ from the expectation. Signal reflection can reverse or flip the polarization of the transmitted signal. If the polarization differs from the expectation, polarization mismatch and signal power loss may occur.

[0046] The base station can indicate polarization to the UE. In some aspects, polarization indication can indicate the polarization relationship between source and destination transmissions relative to the base station and the UE. Polarization indication can indicate the polarization associated with downlink or uplink transmissions. Even when the UE is able to detect polarization, polarization indication can reduce the amount of processing occurring at the UE.

[0047] In some respects, the configuration for downlink transmission can indicate the polarization relationship between the downlink transmission and a reference signal, such as a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) or a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB). The UE can deduce the polarization of the downlink transmission, at least in part, based on the polarization relationship indicated in the downlink configuration. The polarization relationship can be a parameter included in the Transport Configuration Indicator (TCI) state, which can be part of the downlink configuration transmitted from the base station to the UE. The TCI state can indicate the directivity or characteristics of the downlink beam, such as one or more quasi-co-addressable (QCL) attributes of the downlink beam.

[0048] Similar to the current TCI state indication, the base station can dynamically indicate the polarization TCI state and use downlink control information (DCI) scheduling to switch the polarization TCI state for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) communication or for aperiodic CSI-RS. In one or more examples, changing the TCI state associated with QCL type A, B, or C may only involve the UE's baseband processing, while changing the TCI state associated with QCL type D may involve the UE programming its analog module, which takes longer. For QCL type D, this delay is also referred to as beam switching time. The minimum beam switching time required for a new QCL type D to take effect can be reported by the UE as a UE capability. UE capability can correspond to how quickly the UE can reconfigure one or more antennas for different beams. For QCL type D, UE capabilities can be defined separately for PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS.

[0049] The speed at which a UE can switch polarization can also be limited. For example, switching from a first polarization to a second polarization involves adjusting one or more antennas on the UE's antenna panel. Depending on the UE's design or complexity, adjusting the antenna panel for a UE to handle different polarizations may take longer than adjusting it for other UEs. If a UE cannot switch polarization during the expected handover time, it may not be oriented with the correct polarization when expected to transmit or receive communication. Therefore, there may be a loss of signal power in the received signal. This can degrade signal strength, as well as waste handling and signaling resources, with retransmissions.

[0050] According to the various aspects described herein, the UE may indicate UE capabilities for polarization switching. This may include switching from linear polarization to circular polarization, from circular polarization to linear polarization, from a first circular polarization to a second circular polarization, or from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization. UE capabilities may correspond to the time the UE spends switching to a new polarization after receiving an indication for polarization switching on the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). This may be referred to as the minimum polarization switching time. For example, UE capabilities for polarization switching may include the minimum number of OFDM symbols required for the UE to apply polarization information after receiving information in the DCI used for PDSCH processing. UE capabilities may include the minimum number of OFDM symbols required for the UE to apply polarization information after receiving information in the DCI used for triggering aperiodic CSI-RS. In some aspects, when the polarization cannot be explicitly determined from the DCI, the UE may reuse the corresponding minimum supported beam switching time for QCL type D or use the default polarization. The default polarization may be a specified polarization that the UE uses by default. By specifying the UE's capability for switching polarization (e.g., circular polarization), the UE can ensure that the base station provides the UE with sufficient time for polarization switching. Alternatively, if insufficient time is available, the UE can default to a specific polarization. Therefore, the UE and base station can avoid signal strength loss that occurs when the UE receives a signal with a polarization different from the polarization configured for its antenna. Receiving a stronger signal improves communication and saves processing and signaling resources that would otherwise be consumed through retransmission.

[0051] The various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or method of practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods implemented using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure herein may be embodied by one or more components of the invention.

[0052] Several aspects of a telecommunications system will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed embodiments and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0053] Although the aspects may be described herein using terms generally associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) Radio Access Technology (RAT), the aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0054] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. Wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, as well as other examples. Wireless network 100 may include one or more base stations 110 (shown as BS110a, BS110b, BS110c, and BS110d), UE 120 or multiple UE 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other network entities. Base station 110 is the entity communicating with UE 120. Base station 110 (sometimes referred to as BS) may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, and / or a Transmitter Receiver Point (TRP). Each base station 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), depending on the context in which the term is used, the term “cell” can refer to the coverage area of ​​base station 110 and / or the base station subsystem serving that coverage area.

[0055] Base station 110 can provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femtocells, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femtocell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and can allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with a femtocell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). Base station 110 for macro cells can be referred to as a macro base station. Base station 110 for pico cells can be referred to as a pico base station. Base station 110 for femtocells can be referred to as a femtocell or a home base station. Figure 1 In the example shown, BS 110a can be a macro base station for macro cell 102a, BS110b can be a pico base station for pico cell 102b, and BS110c can be a femto base station for femto cell 102c. A base station can support one or more (e.g., three) cells.

[0056] In some examples, the cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of a mobile base station 110 (e.g., a mobile base station). In some examples, base station 110 may interconnect with each other and / or interconnect to one or more other base stations 110 or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network through various types of backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections or virtual networks).

[0057] Wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is an entity capable of receiving data transmissions from an upstream station (e.g., base station 110 or UE 120) and transmitting data to a downstream station (e.g., UE 120 or base station 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 capable of relaying transmissions for other UE 120s. Figure 1 In the example shown, BS110d (e.g., a relay base station) can communicate with BS110a (e.g., a macro base station) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS110a and UE 120d. The base station 110 for relay communication may be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay, etc.

[0058] Wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of base stations 110, such as macro base stations, pico base stations, femto base stations, relay base stations, etc. These different types of base stations 110 can have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different effects on interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro base stations can have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico base stations, femto base stations, and relay base stations can have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0059] Network controller 130 may be coupled to or communicate with a set of base stations 110, and may provide coordination and control for these base stations. Network controller 130 may communicate with base stations 110 via a backhaul communication link. Base stations 110 may also communicate directly with each other, or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link.

[0060] In some aspects, as shown in the figure, the cell may be provided by a base station 110 of a non-terrestrial network (NTN). As used herein, "non-terrestrial network" may refer to a network to which access is provided by a non-terrestrial base station (such as a base station carried by a satellite, balloon, airship, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicle, and / or high-altitude platform station). The base station (NTN entity) in the NTN may use circular polarization. For example, the base station (NTN entity) in satellite 135 may use circular polarization 136 to transmit communications to UE 120.

[0061] UE 120 can be distributed across the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 can be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, and / or subscriber units. UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet device, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio unit, etc.), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a GPS device, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0062] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that can communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment. UEs 120 may be included within a housing that houses the components of the UE 120, such as processor components and / or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0063] Generally, any number of wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network 100 can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency in a given geographical area can support a single RAT to avoid interference between wireless networks with different RATs. In one or more examples, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0064] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as a medium to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by base station 110.

[0065] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., by frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, the two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency range names FR1 (410MHz-7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz-52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "below 6GHz" band. A similar naming issue sometimes occurs with FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although this is different from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz-300GHz) designated as "millimeter wave" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0066] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as intermediate frequency (IF) bands. Recent 5G NR studies have designated the operating bands used for these IF bands as the frequency range name FR3 (7.125GHz-24.25GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to IF band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been designated as the frequency range names FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz-71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz-114.25GHz), and FR5 (114.25GHz-300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0067] Considering the examples above, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that can be below 6 GHz, within FR1, or that can include intermediate frequency bands. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency bands, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band. It is considered that frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0068] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may generate indications of UE capabilities regarding the polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE. The communication manager 140 may transmit indications.

[0069] In some respects, the communication manager 140 may switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization. The communication manager 140 may transmit or receive communications. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0070] In some aspects, base station 110 or satellite 135 (acting as a network node) may include communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communication manager 150 may receive from the UE indication of UE capabilities regarding the polarization of one or more antennas used for UE switching. Communication manager 150 may transmit scheduling information to the UE in the DCI that is at least partially based on UE capabilities. Additionally or alternatively, communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0071] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 1 Different than described.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating example 200 of communication between base station 110 and UE 120 in wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. Base station 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1).

[0073] At base station 110, transmit processor 220 can receive data from data source 212 intended for use by UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120). Transmit processor 220 can select one or more modulation and decoding schemes (MCS) for UE 120, at least in part, based on one or more Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Base station 110 can process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for UE 120, at least in part, based on the MCS selected for UE 120, and provide data symbols for UE 120. Transmit processor 220 can process system information (e.g., for Semi-Static Resource Partitioning Information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, permission, and / or upper-layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and can provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a set of corresponding modems 232 (e.g., T modulators) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream can be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 can use a corresponding modulator component to process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 can further use a corresponding modulator component to process the output sample stream (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or up-convert) to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t can transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a set of corresponding antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t). Base station 110 can be an NTN entity located at a ground location or a non-ground location (e.g., satellite 135).

[0074] At UE 120, an array of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) can receive downlink signals from base station 110 and / or other base stations 110 and can provide an array of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to an array of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal can be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 can use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 can use the demodulator component to further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from modem 254, perform MIMO detection on these received symbols where applicable, and provide the detected symbols. The receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260, and provide decoded control and system information to controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor can determine parameters such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and / or CQI. In some examples, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284.

[0075] Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller / processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include one or more devices, such as those in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with base station 110 via communication unit 294.

[0076] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, collections of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a collection of coplanar antenna elements, a collection of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components (such as...) Figure 2 One or more antenna elements (one or more components in the process).

[0077] On the uplink, at UE 120, transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reporting including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). Transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. Symbols from transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 266 where applicable, further processed by modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to base station 110. In some examples, modem 254 of UE 120 may include modulator and demodulator. In some examples, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0078] At base station 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and / or other UEs can be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of modem 232 shown as DEMOD), detected by MIMO detector 236 (where applicable), and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receive processor 238 can provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Base station 110 may include communication unit 244 and can communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Base station 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some examples, modem 232 of base station 110 may include modulator and demodulator. In some examples, base station 110 includes transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220 and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0079] The controller / processor 240 of base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120 and / or Figure 2Any other component may perform one or more techniques associated with indicating UE capabilities for switching polarization, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor of the NTN entity (e.g., controller / processor 240 of base station 110), the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component that can execute or direct, for example Figure 8 The process of 800 Figure 9 The process of 900 Figure 10 The operation of process 1000 and / or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program code for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of base station 110, NTN entity and / or UE 120 (e.g., direct execution, or execution after compilation, transformation, and / or interpretation), may cause the one or more processors, UE 120 and / or base station 110 to perform or direct, for example... Figure 8 The process of 800 Figure 9 The process of 900 Figure 10 The operation of process 1000, and / or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transform instructions, compile instructions, and / or interpret instructions, etc.

[0080] In some aspects, UE 120 includes components for generating indications of UE capability regarding the polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE; and / or components for transmission indication. Components for UE 120 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0081] In some aspects, base station 110 includes components for receiving from the UE an indication of the UE's capability to polarize one or more antennas used for switching the UE; and / or components for transmitting scheduling information to the UE in the DCI that is at least partially based on the UE's capability. Components for base station 110 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

[0082] In some aspects, UE 120 includes components for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization; and / or components for transmitting or receiving communications. Components for UE 120 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communications manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0083] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above for these boxes can be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 can be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0084] As indicated above, Figure 2 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 2 Different than described.

[0085] Figure 3 These are illustrations of example 300 of regenerable satellite deployment and example 310 of transparent satellite deployment in NTN according to this disclosure.

[0086] Example 300 illustrates a regenerative satellite deployment. In Example 300, UE 120 is served by satellite 320 (e.g., satellite 135) via serving link 330. For example, satellite 320 may include BS110 (e.g., BS110a) and / or gNB. In some aspects, satellite 320 may be referred to as a non-terrestrial base station, a regenerative repeater, an onboard processing repeater, and / or an NTN entity. In some aspects, satellite 320 may demodulate uplink radio frequency signals and may modulate baseband signals derived from uplink radio signals to generate downlink radio frequency transmissions. Satellite 320 may transmit downlink radio frequency signals over serving link 330. Satellite 320 may provide cell coverage for UE 120.

[0087] Example 310 illustrates a transparent satellite deployment, which may also be referred to as a bend-tube satellite deployment. In Example 310, UE 120 is served by satellite 340 via serving link 330. Satellite 340 may also be considered an NTN entity. Satellite 340 may be a transparent satellite. Satellite 340 may relay signals received from gateway 350 via feeder link 360. For example, the satellite may receive uplink RF transmissions and may transmit downlink RF transmissions without demodulating the uplink RF transmissions. In some aspects, the satellite may convert the uplink RF transmission frequency received on serving link 330 to the uplink RF transmission frequency on feeder link 360, and may amplify and / or filter the uplink RF transmissions. In some aspects, UE 120 shown in Examples 300 and 310 may be associated with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) capabilities, Global Positioning System (GSP) capabilities, etc., but not all UEs have these capabilities. Satellite 340 may provide cell coverage for UE 120.

[0088] Service link 330 may include a link between satellite 340 and UE 120, and may include one or more of an uplink or a downlink. Feeder link 360 may include a link between satellite 340 and gateway 350, and may include one or more of an uplink (e.g., from UE 120 to gateway 350) or a downlink (e.g., from gateway 350 to UE 120).

[0089] Due to the movement of satellites 320 and 340 and the potential movement of UE 120, feeder link 360 and service link 330 may each experience Doppler effects. These Doppler effects may be significantly greater than those in terrestrial networks. The Doppler effects on feeder link 360 can be compensated for to some extent, but may still be associated with a certain amount of uncompensated frequency error. Furthermore, gateway 350 may be associated with residual frequency errors, and / or satellites 320 / 340 may be associated with onboard frequency errors. These sources of frequency errors may cause the downlink frequency received at UE 120 to deviate from the target downlink frequency.

[0090] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 3 Different than described.

[0091] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating example 400 of linear polarization and circular polarization according to this disclosure.

[0092] NTN entities can transmit and receive using polarized beams. Linear polarization occurs when the electric field tip of an electromagnetic wave at a fixed point in space oscillates linearly with time. Circular polarization occurs when the electric field tip of an electromagnetic wave at a fixed point in space moves in a circle, and electromagnetic waves can be formed by superimposing two orthogonal linearly polarized waves of equal amplitude and with a 90-degree phase difference. Circular polarization can be right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) or left-hand circular polarization (LHCP).

[0093] "Transmit polarization" can refer to the polarization associated with a transmission from an NTN entity or UE, and "receive polarization" can refer to the polarization associated with a reception at an NTN entity or UE. In one or more examples, the transmit polarization may be the same as the receive polarization for the same communication link. However, in one or more other examples, the transmit polarization may be different from the receive polarization, which may result in polarization mismatch loss. For example, when the transmit polarization is RHCP and the receive polarization is LHCP, the polarization mismatch loss may be greater than 20 dB. When the transmit polarization is circular polarization and the receive polarization is linear polarization or inverse polarization, the polarization mismatch loss may be approximately 3 dB. When the transmit polarization is horizontal linear polarization and the receive polarization is vertical linear polarization, the polarization mismatch loss may be greater than 20 dB.

[0094] Portable devices (such as UEs) may have varying polarizations due to mobility. Furthermore, for portable devices, linear polarization (e.g., horizontal or vertical linear polarization) may be less reliable than circular polarization compared to frequency reuse. Frequency reuse can occur when a specified range of frequencies is used more than once in the same radio system, thus increasing the overall capacity of the radio system without increasing its allocated bandwidth.

[0095] A UE with polarization capability can detect polarization and / or use that polarization to transmit signals. For example, a UE capable of using two circular polarization modes can detect the circular polarization associated with one of those two modes. A UE with two linearly cross-polarized antennas can use both circular polarizations to detect and transmit signals.

[0096] Polarization detection increases processing at the UE and can therefore signal polarization to the UE. The base station (such as one located on satellite 320) can indicate polarization to the UE. In some respects, polarization indication can indicate the polarization relationship between source and destination transmissions relative to the base station and the UE. Polarization indication can indicate the polarization associated with downlink or uplink transmissions. Even when the UE is able to detect polarization, polarization indication can reduce the amount of processing occurring at the UE.

[0097] The polarization used for signal notification is likely accurate for direct line-of-sight (LOS) communication (such as downlink or uplink transmissions on signal path 405). However, non-LOS communication can be reflective communication (e.g., signal path 410), and reflective communication can have a different polarization than direct LOS communication. For example, the RHCP polarization of downlink communication may become LHCP polarization after being reflected by a surface. That is, the optimal receive polarization for downlink communication may differ from the polarization at the transmission point. For uplink communication, assuming the downlink and uplink are reciprocal (e.g., the uplink and downlink are relatively close in frequency), the UE can determine the optimal transmit polarization to correspond to the optimal receive polarization. However, the receive polarization may differ due to signal reflection. If the polarization differs from the expected polarization, polarization mismatch loss may occur.

[0098] In some respects, polarization indication can avoid polarization detection at the UE for LosS signal propagation. In other respects, polarization indication can also be useful to the UE for non-LoS and near-LoS signal propagation. For example, polarization indication allows the UE to determine the polarization of the first beam and the second beam, and whether the polarizations of the first and second beams are the same or different. For the downlink, the receive polarization may differ from the transmit polarization. For the uplink, assuming the downlink and uplink are reciprocal (e.g., the uplink and downlink are relatively close in frequency), the transmit polarization can correspond to the receive polarization. For both the downlink and uplink, polarization indication allows the UE to determine both the transmit and receive polarizations.

[0099] As indicated above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 4 Different than described.

[0100] Figure 5 These are illustrations of examples 500 and 502 of coverage areas served by one or more polarizations according to this disclosure.

[0101] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a coverage area or cell provided by NTN entities, such as non-terrestrial base stations or non-terrestrial relay stations. NTN entities can generate multiple beams associated with corresponding frequency regions. In some aspects, the beams can be analog beams (e.g., generated by a conical antenna or different types of antennas). In other aspects, the beams can be digital beams that can be formed by signal manipulation across an antenna array.

[0102] As shown by reference numeral 500, a coverage area (e.g., four regions) can be served by a single polarization to increase system capacity. When a coverage area served by satellite 320 is associated with a sparse UE constellation (e.g., UE 120), a polarization used for that coverage area may be beneficial (e.g., higher received signal power), where the UE can dynamically adjust the polarization. The polarization can be circular, such as RHCP or LHCP, or it can be linear, such as vertical linear or horizontal linear polarization. In example 500, the polarization is circular RHCP polarization.

[0103] As shown by reference numeral 502, a coverage area (e.g., two regions) can be served by two polarizations to increase system capacity. These two polarizations can be associated with the same frequency or with different frequencies. Two polarizations for a coverage area served by satellite 320 may be advantageous when the coverage area is associated with a dense UE constellation. The two polarizations can be circular polarizations, linear polarizations, or a combination of linear and circular polarizations. In example 502, the polarizations are circular RHCP and linear vertical polarization.

[0104] As indicated above, Figure 5 Some examples are provided. Other examples can be found in the section about... Figure 5 Different than described.

[0105] Figure 6A This is a diagram illustrating an example of using a beam for communication between a base station and a UE according to this disclosure. Figure 6A As shown, base station 110 and UE 120 can communicate with each other.

[0106] Base station 110 can transmit to UE 120 located within its coverage area. Base station 110 and UE 120 can be configured for beamforming communication, wherein base station 110 can use a directional BS transmit beam to transmit in the direction of UE 120, and UE 120 can use a directional UE receive beam to receive the transmission. Each BS transmit beam may have an associated beam ID, beam direction, or beam symbol, etc. Base station 110 can transmit downlink communication via one or more BS transmit beams 605.

[0107] UE 120 may attempt to receive downlink transmissions via one or more UE receive beams 610, which may be configured at the UE 120's receive circuitry using different beamforming parameters. UE 120 may identify specific BS transmit beams 605 (shown as BS transmit beam 605-A) and specific UE receive beams 610 (shown as UE receive beam 610-A) that provide relatively good performance (e.g., having optimal channel quality for different measured combinations of BS transmit beams 605 and UE receive beams 610). In some examples, UE 120 may transmit an indication of which BS transmit beam 605 UE 120 identifies as the preferred BS transmit beam, which the base station 110 may select for transmission to UE 120. Therefore, UE 120 can acquire and maintain a beam-to-link (BPL) with base station 110 for downlink communication (e.g., a combination of BS transmit beam 605-A and UE receive beam 610-A), which can be further refined and maintained according to one or more established beam refinement processes.

[0108] Downlink beams (such as BS transmit beam 605 or UE receive beam 610) may be associated with a TCI state. The TCI state can indicate the directivity or characteristics of the downlink beam, such as one or more QCL attributes of the downlink beam. QCL attributes may include, for example, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, or spatial reception parameters, etc. In some examples, each BS transmit beam 605 may be associated with an SSB, and the UE 120 may indicate a preferred BS transmit beam 605 by transmitting uplink transmissions in the resources of the SSB associated with the preferred BS transmit beam 605. A particular SSB may have an associated TCI state (e.g., for antenna port or for beamforming). In some examples, the base station 110 may indicate the downlink BS transmit beam 605 at least in part based on antenna port QCL attributes that can be indicated by the TCI state. The TCI state can be associated with a set of downlink reference signals (e.g., SSB and aperiodic, periodic, or semi-persistent CSI-RS) for different QCL types (e.g., QCL types for different combinations of Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, or spatial reception parameters, etc.). In one or more examples where the QCL type indicates spatial reception parameters, the QCL type may correspond to the analog receive beamforming parameters of the UE receive beam 610 at UE 120. Therefore, UE 120 can select the corresponding UE receive beam 610 from the BPL set at least in part based on the BS transmit beam 605 indicated by base station 110 via TCI indication.

[0109] Base station 110 can maintain a set of activated TCI states for downlink shared channel transmission and a set of activated TCI states for downlink control channel transmission. The set of activated TCI states for downlink shared channel transmission can correspond to the beams used by base station 110 for downlink transmission on PDSCH. The set of activated TCI states for downlink control channel communication can correspond to the beams that base station 110 can use for downlink transmission (on PDCCH) or in the control resource set (CORESET). UE 120 can also maintain a set of activated TCI states for receiving downlink shared channel transmission and CORESET transmission. If a TCI state is activated for UE 120, then UE 120 can have one or more antenna configurations that are at least partially based on the TCI states, and UE 120 may not need to reconfigure antennas or antenna weighting configurations. In some examples, the set of active TCI states for UE 120 (e.g., active PDSCH TCI state and active CORESETTCI state) can be configured via configuration messages such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages.

[0110] Figure 6B This is a diagram illustrating another example of using a beam for communication between a base station and a UE according to this disclosure. Figure 6B As shown, base station 110 and UE 120 can communicate with each other.

[0111] For uplink communication, UE 120 can use a directional UE transmit beam to transmit in the direction of base station 110, and base station 110 can use a directional BS receive beam to receive the transmission. Each UE transmit beam may have an associated beam ID, beam direction, or beam symbol, etc. UE 120 can transmit uplink communication via one or more UE transmit beams 615.

[0112] Base station 110 can receive uplink transmissions via one or more BS receive beams 620. Base station 110 can identify specific UE transmit beams 615 (shown as UE transmit beam 615-A) and specific BS receive beams 620 (shown as BS receive beam 620-A) that provide relatively good performance (e.g., having optimal channel quality for different measured combinations of UE transmit beams 615 and BS receive beams 620). In some examples, base station 110 can transmit an indication of which UE transmit beam 615 base station 110 identifies as a preferred UE transmit beam, which base station 110 can select for transmission from UE 120. Therefore, UE 120 and base station 110 can acquire and maintain a BPL (e.g., a combination of UE transmit beam 615-A and BS receive beam 620-A) for uplink communication, which can be further refined and maintained according to one or more established beam refinement processes. Uplink beams (such as UE transmit beam 615 or BS receive beam 620) can be associated with spatial relationships. Spatial relationships can indicate the directionality or characteristics of the uplink beam (similar to one or more QCL attributes), as described above. For example, spatial relationship parameters can be associated with QCL type D 625.

[0113] Figure 6C This is a diagram illustrating examples of physical channels and reference signals in a wireless network according to this disclosure. For example... Figure 6C As shown, the downlink channel and downlink reference signal can carry information from base station 110 to UE 120. Base station 110 can be an NTN entity (e.g., satellite 320) or can be transmitted and received via an NTN entity.

[0114] Downlink channels may include a PDCCH carrying downlink control information (DCI) 630, a PDSCH carrying downlink data, or a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying system information, among other examples. In some respects, PDSCH communication may be scheduled by PDCCH communication (including DCI 630). Downlink reference signals may include SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, positioning reference signal (PRS), or phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), among other examples.

[0115] SSBs can carry information for initial network acquisition and synchronization, such as PSS, SSS, PBCH, and PBCH DMRS. SSBs are sometimes referred to as synchronization signal / PBCH (SS / PBCH) blocks. In some respects, NTN entities (e.g., base stations, relay stations) can transmit multiple SSBs on multiple corresponding beams, and SSBs can be used for beam selection.

[0116] CSI-RS can carry information for downlink channel estimation (e.g., downlink CSI acquisition), which can be used for scheduling, link adaptation, or beam management. CSI-RS can be, for example, an aperiodic CSI-RS632. An NTN entity can configure a set of CSI-RS for the UE, and the UE can measure the configured set of CSI-RS. Based at least in part on the measurement, the UE can perform channel estimation and report channel estimation parameters to the NTN entity (e.g., in a CSI report), such as CQI, pre-decoding matrix indicator (PMI), CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), layer indicator (LI), rank indicator (RI), or RSRP. The NTN entity or base station can use the CSI report to select transmission parameters for downlink communication to the UE, such as the number of transport layers (e.g., rank), pre-decoding matrix (e.g., pre-decoder), MCS, or refined downlink beaming (e.g., using a beam refinement process or beam management process).

[0117] Figure 6C The time slot format according to this disclosure is also shown. For example... Figure 6C As shown, time-frequency resources in a radio access network can be divided into resource blocks (shown as a single resource block (RB) 636). RB 636 is sometimes referred to as a physical resource block (PRB). RB 636 includes a set of subcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) and a set of symbols (e.g., 14 symbols) that can be scheduled by base station 110 as units. In some aspects, RB 636 may include a set of subcarriers in a single timeslot. As shown, a single time-frequency resource included in RB 636 may be referred to as a resource element (RE) 640. RE 640 may include a single subcarrier (e.g., in frequency) and a single symbol (e.g., in time). The symbol may be referred to as an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. RE 640 can be used to transmit a modulation symbol, which can be real-valued or complex-valued. DCI 630 can be found in a control area (e.g., PDCCH).

[0118] In some telecommunications systems (e.g., NR), RB 636 can span 12 subcarriers over a duration of 0.1 milliseconds (ms), with subcarrier spacing (SCS) 645 of, for example, 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, or 120 kHz, and other examples. A radio frame can include 40 time slots and can have a length of 10 ms. Therefore, each time slot can have a length of 0.25 ms. However, the time slot length can vary depending on the set of parameters used for communication (e.g., subcarrier spacing and / or cyclic prefix format). Time slots can be configured with link directions for transmission (e.g., downlink or uplink). In some aspects, the link direction for time slots can be configured dynamically.

[0119] Figure 6D This is a diagram illustrating examples of signal 650 and reflected signal 655 according to various aspects of this disclosure. A base station, such as an NTN entity (e.g., satellite 320), can transmit CSI-RS via polarization including circular polarization. However, the antenna configuration of the UE (e.g., UE 120) may not be arranged for the same polarization as the CSI-RS. This may be due to the reflection of the signal 650 carrying the CSI-RS, which alters the polarization of the signal. In practice, the reflected signal 655 may have polarization that is the same as, orthogonal to, or neither the same nor orthogonal to. For example, the CSI-RS may have RHCP at the time of transmission from satellite 320, but after reflection from a wall, when the CSI-RS is received by the UE, the CSI-RS may have LHCP. If the UE expects the CSI-RS to be RHCP (based on the polarization notified by the signal of the CSI-RS), the antenna will be configured for RHCP. However, if the reflected CSI-RS is LHCP, the difference between RHCP and LHCP can cause polarization mismatch loss, leading to inaccurate or failed measurements of the reference signal. Inaccurate measurements can degrade communication or result in retransmissions that waste power, processing resources, and signaling resources.

[0120] The base station may indicate polarization (e.g., circular polarization) to the UE. In some aspects, polarization indication may indicate the polarization relationship between source and destination transmissions relative to the base station and the UE. In other aspects, polarization indication may indicate the polarization associated with downlink or uplink transmissions. Polarization indication can help avoid polarization mismatch losses at the UE, which may occur when the UE cannot detect the polarization and a mismatch occurs between transmit and receive polarizations. Even when the UE can detect the polarization, polarization indication signaling can reduce the amount of processing occurring at the UE.

[0121] In some respects, the configuration for the downlink can indicate the polarization relationship between downlink transmissions and reference signals (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS), and the UE can deduce the polarization of the downlink transmissions at least in part based on the polarization relationship indicated in the downlink configuration. The polarization relationship can be included in the TCI state (in... Figure 6A The parameters shown in the diagram can be part of the downlink configuration transmitted from the base station to the UE. The TCI state can indicate the directionality or characteristics of the downlink beam, such as one or more QCL attributes of the downlink beam.

[0122] In some respects, the downlink configuration can explicitly indicate the polarization associated with the downlink transmission. The polarization associated with the downlink transmission may correspond to the polarization associated with a reference signal (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS), or the polarization associated with the downlink transmission may be different from (e.g., quadrature) the polarization associated with the reference signal.

[0123] Similar to the current TCI state indication, the base station can dynamically indicate the polarization TCI state and use DCI scheduling (e.g., DCI 630) to switch the polarization TCI state for PDSCH communication or for aperiodic CSI-RS. Changing the TCI state associated with QCL type A, B, or C may only involve the UE's baseband processing, while changing the TCI state associated with QCL type D 625 may involve the UE programming its analog modules, which takes longer. For QCL type D 625, this delay is also referred to as beam switching time. The minimum beam switching time required for a new QCL type D 625 to take effect can be reported by the UE as a UE capability. UE capability can correspond to how quickly the UE can reconfigure one or more antennas for different beams. For QCL type D 625, UE capabilities can be defined separately for PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS.

[0124] The UE can also be limited regarding how quickly it can switch polarizations (including from a first circular polarization and / or to a second circular polarization). According to the various aspects described herein, the UE can indicate a UE capability for polarization switching that is separate from the UE capability for beam switching. The UE capability can be specific to switching from a first circular polarization and / or to a second circular polarization, from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization, from a linear polarization to a circular polarization, or from a circular polarization to a linear polarization. The UE capability can correspond to the time taken for the UE to switch to a second polarization after receiving an indication of polarization switching in DCI 630 on the PDCCH. This can be referred to as the minimum polarization switching time. For example, the UE capability for polarization switching can include the minimum number of OFDM symbols required for the UE to apply polarization information after receiving information in DCI 630 for PDSCH processing. The UE capability can include the minimum number of OFDM symbols required for the UE to apply polarization information after receiving information in DCI 630 for triggering aperiodic CSI-RS. In some aspects, when the polarization cannot be explicitly determined according to DCI 630, the UE can reuse the corresponding minimum supported beam switching time for QCL type D625 or use the default polarization. By indicating the UE capability for polarization switching, the UE can ensure that the base station will provide the UE with sufficient time for polarization switching. Alternatively, if there is insufficient time, the UE can default to a specific polarization. Therefore, the UE and the base station can avoid signal strength loss, which could waste processing and signaling resources.

[0125] As indicated above, Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C and Figure 6D Provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those provided. Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C and Figure 6D The example described.

[0126] Figure 7A This is a diagram illustrating example 700 of a UE capability for switching polarization according to the instructions of this disclosure. As shown in the figure, Figure 7A This includes NTN entities (e.g., satellite 320) (e.g., base station, relay station) and UE 120. In some aspects, UE 120 may include a ground station.

[0127] As shown by reference numeral 705, UE 120 may generate an indication of UE capabilities for polarization switching. In Example 700, the UE capability for polarization switching may be for switching from a first circular polarization to a second circular polarization, from a linear polarization to a circular polarization, or from a circular polarization to a linear polarization. However, the operation described in conjunction with Example 700 may also be applied to switching from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization. The indication may include the type of UE capability, the value of the UE capability (e.g., a symbol amount, a time slot amount), or a combination thereof. UE 120 may generate the indication based at least in part on the type of UE 120, antenna configuration, state of UE 120, historical timing information for polarization switching, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the UE capability may correspond to the minimum polarization switching time of UE 120. The UE capability may include the minimum amount of OFDM symbols (or time units or time slots) required for the UE to apply polarization information after receiving polarization information in the DCI for PDSCH processing. UE capabilities may include the minimum number of OFDM symbols required for the UE to apply polarization information after receiving polarization information in the DCI used to trigger aperiodic CSI-RS.

[0128] like Figure 7AAs shown by reference numeral 710, UE 120 may transmit an indication of its UE capability for switching polarization (such as switching circular polarization). UE 120 may transmit the indication in uplink control information (UCI) or media access control element (MAC CE). Satellite 320 may generate scheduling messages based at least in part on the UE capability. For example, UE 120 may indicate that its UE capability for switching polarization is a minimum polarization switching time duration 716 of 14 symbols. Other minimum polarization switching times may include 28 symbols or 48 symbols, among other examples. Thus, satellite 320 may generate scheduling information that provides, for example, a polarization switching time duration 718 of 20 symbols for UE 120 to switch polarization. Since 20 symbols is greater than 14 symbols, UE 120 may have a time for switching polarization. As shown by reference numeral 715, satellite 320 may switch polarization. As shown by reference numeral 720, satellite 320 may transmit scheduling information. Satellite 320 can transmit scheduling information in the scheduling DCI. As shown by reference numeral 725, UE 120 can also switch circular polarization. UE 120 can switch polarization at least in part based on the scheduling information received from satellite 320.

[0129] Alternatively, UE 120 may not receive or process scheduling information for transmitting or receiving communications, or the polarization switching time duration 718 indicated in the scheduling information may not be large enough for the minimum polarization switching time duration 716. In such scenarios, UE 120 may reuse the minimum beam switching time supported by UE 120 for QCL type D as the polarization switching time. In some aspects, the minimum beam switching time UE capability can be defined as timeDurationForQCL for PDSCH and beamSwitchTiming for aperiodic CSI-RS. UE 120 may also use values ​​specifically for polarization switching UE capabilities.

[0130] QCL type D is defined only for FR2 with SCSs of 60 kHz and 12 kHz (e.g., SCS 645). Polarization can be used for FR1, such as for NTN based on High Platforms (HAPS). In some respects, the UE capability to switch polarization for PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS reception can be defined for FR1 SCSs of 15 kHz or 30 kHz.

[0131] If dynamic polarization indication is supported, there are scenarios where a default polarization can be defined. For example, polarization information may not exist in the DCI that schedules PDSCH, or the scheduling or trigger offset (polarization handover time duration 718) between the DCI and PDSCH or aperiodic CSI-RS may be less than the UE's reporting capability for the minimum supported polarization handover time duration 716. In such scenarios, if the polarization cannot be explicitly determined from the DCI, the UE 120 may use the default polarization. The UE 120 may determine the default polarization (e.g., default circular polarization) in a similar manner to determining the default QCL type D. For the DCI that schedules PDSCH communication, if the scheduling offset between PDCCH communication (e.g., DCI) and PDSCH communication is less than the minimum polarization handover time duration 716, or if the polarization indication does not exist in the DCI, the UE 120 may obtain the polarization of the scheduled PDSCH from, for example, the active polarization TCI state with the lowest TCI state identifier (ID) of the PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion (BWP) of the cell applicable to scheduling.

[0132] In some respects, if the trigger time offset for aperiodic CSI-RS 632 is less than the minimum polarization handover time duration 716, if aperiodic CSI-RS 632 is configured with a polarization TCI state, and if another downlink signal exists in the same symbol as the CSI-RS in the scheduled cell, then UE 120 may apply the polarization of the other downlink signal to aperiodic CSI-RS 632. Otherwise, if a control resource set (CORESET) 638 is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, then UE 120 may use the polarization of the lowest ID CORESET in the most recent time slot monitored within the active BWP of the serving cell. If no CORESET 638 is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, then UE 120 may apply polarization in the lowest ID active polarization TCI state of the PDSCH in the active BWP of the serving cell with aperiodic CSI-RS 632.

[0133] Another downlink signal may include PDSCH communication scheduled by a scheduling offset greater than or equal to the minimum polarization switching time duration 716. Another downlink signal may include another aperiodic CSI-RS triggered by a trigger offset greater than or equal to the minimum polarization switching time duration 716. Other downlink signals may include periodic CSI-RS or semi-persistent CSI-RS. If PDSCH communication indicated by two polarization TCI states exists in the same symbol as aperiodic CSI-RS 632, UE 120 may apply the first of the two TCI states upon receiving aperiodic CSI-RS 632. By using the default polarization when no polarization is indicated, UE 120 can save processing and signaling resources that would otherwise be wasted due to polarization mismatch power loss.

[0134] Figure 7B This is a diagram illustrating an example of a call flow for indicating UE capabilities for switching polarization according to this disclosure. Figure 7B Corresponding to Figure 7A The operation is described. Base station 110 and UE 120 may have antenna panels configured for first polarization 702. Base station 110 and UE 120 may have the ability to switch to second polarization 704.

[0135] As shown by reference numeral 705, UE 120 can generate an indication of UE capabilities used for polarization switching. A UE capability type may be specifically used to indicate the duration of the switching time in which the UE will switch polarization. In some aspects, this may include selecting a UE capability from one or more UE capability types used for polarization switching, as shown by reference numeral 706. For example, a first UE capability type may be used to switch from a first circular polarization to a second polarization within a first switching time duration (e.g., the symbol of a first quantity). A second UE capability type may be used to switch from a first circular polarization to a second polarization within a second switching time duration (e.g., the symbol of a second quantity). A third UE capability type may be used to switch from a first circular polarization to a first linear polarization within a third switching time duration. Other UE capability types may relate to other combinations of polarization and / or other switching time durations. As shown by reference numeral 708, generating the indication may also include selecting a value corresponding to the selected UE capability. The value may be included in the indication.

[0136] As shown by reference numeral 710, UE 120 may transmit an indication of UE capabilities for switching polarization. As shown by reference numeral 715, base station 110 may switch from first polarization 702 to second polarization 704 at least in part based on the indication. As shown by reference numeral 720, base station 110 may transmit scheduling information at least in part based on UE capabilities. The scheduling information may include a polarization switching time duration 718 for UE 120 to switch polarization.

[0137] As indicated by reference numeral 725, UE 120 may switch from a first polarization 702 to a second polarization 704 within a polarization handover duration 718. In some aspects, if the polarization handover duration 718 is less than the minimum polarization handover duration 716 of UE 120's UE capability, UE 120 may switch to a default polarization 726. The default polarization 726 may be a pre-configured polarization or a polarization determined based on the polarization of the downlink signal 724 received from base station 110 in the same symbol as the aperiodic CSI-RS. The default polarization may correspond to the active polarization TCI state with the lowest ID 728 applicable to the PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell.

[0138] In some respects, if CORESET 638 is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier 632, UE 120 can switch to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET ID in the most recent timeslot where one or more CORESETs are monitored within the active BWP of the serving cell. If CORESET 638 is not configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier 632, UE 120 can switch to the polarization corresponding to the active polarization TCI state with the lowest ID applicable to the PDSCH in the active BWP of the serving cell with the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier 632.

[0139] As shown by reference numeral 730, base station 110 can transmit communication with second polarization 704, and UE 120 can receive communication with second polarization 704. As shown by reference numeral 735, UE 120 can transmit communication with second polarization 704, and base station 110 can receive communication with second polarization 704.

[0140] By providing indication of the UE's capabilities for switching polarization, UE 120 can better coordinate polarization with base station 110. When UE 120 is unable to switch polarization in a timely manner, base station 110 and UE 120 can avoid reduced signal strength.

[0141] As indicated above, Figure 7A and Figure 7B Provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those provided. Figure 7A and Figure 7B The example described.

[0142] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure 800 performed by a UE according to this disclosure. Example procedure 800 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with indicating UE capabilities for switching polarization.

[0143] like Figure 8 As shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include generating an indication of the UE's capability to polarize one or more antennas used for switching the UE (box 810). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 11 The described communication manager 140 and / or generation component 1108 can generate indications of UE capabilities for polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE, as described above. UE capabilities for switching polarization include UE capabilities for switching from linear polarization to circular polarization, from a first circular polarization to a second polarization, or from circular polarization to linear polarization. UE capabilities may include UE capabilities for switching from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization.

[0144] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include a transmission indication (block 820). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 11 The depicted communication manager 140 and / or transmission component 1104 may transmit instructions as described above.

[0145] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect and / or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other process descriptions described elsewhere in this document.

[0146] In the first aspect, UE capabilities include the duration of the switching time for switching polarization.

[0147] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the switching time duration is a sign of the minimum amount between receiving the DCI and applying the new polarization indicated by the DCI for processing the PDSCH.

[0148] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the switching time duration is a sign of the minimum amount between receiving the DCI and applying the new polarization of the non-periodic CSI-RS indicated by the DCI for triggering.

[0149] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the generation instruction includes selecting a UE capability from one or more (e.g., multiple) UE capability types for switching polarization, and selecting a value corresponding to the UE capability.

[0150] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the UE capability is for PDSCH communications received in association with an SCS of 15 kHz or 30 kHz in FR1, or for non-periodic CSI-RS received in association with an SCS of 15 kHz or 30 kHz in FR1.

[0151] although Figure 8 An example box of process 800 is shown, but in some respects, process 800 may include... Figure 8 The boxes depicted in the process 800 may be additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively or additionally, two or more boxes in the process 800 may be executed in parallel.

[0152] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed by a base station according to this disclosure. Example process 900 is an example in which a base station (e.g., base station 110) performs operations associated with using UE capabilities for switching polarization.

[0153] like Figure 9 As shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include receiving from the UE an indication of the UE's capability to polarize one or more antennas used for switching the UE (box 910). For example, a base station (e.g., using...) Figure 14 The depicted communication manager 150 and / or receiving component 1402 can receive from the UE an indication of UE capabilities for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, as described above. UE capabilities include UE capabilities for switching from a first polarization of one or more antennas (antenna panels) of the UE to a second polarization of one or more antennas (antenna panels) of the UE. For example, UE capabilities for switching polarization include UE capabilities for switching from linear polarization to circular polarization, from a first circular polarization to a second polarization, or from circular polarization to linear polarization. UE capabilities may include UE capabilities for switching from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization.

[0154] like Figure 9 As further shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include transmitting scheduling information (box 920) to the UE in the DCI, at least in part based on the UE's capabilities. For example, the base station (e.g., using...) Figure 14 The described communication manager 150 and / or transmission component 1404 can transmit scheduling information to the UE in the DCI, at least in part based on the UE's capabilities, as described herein.

[0155] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect and / or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other process descriptions described elsewhere in this document.

[0156] In the first aspect, DCI indicates the new polarization of the UE.

[0157] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the UE is capable of indicating the handover time duration, which is a minimum number of signs between the UE receiving the DCI and the UE applying a new polarization for processing the PDSCH.

[0158] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the UE is capable of indicating the handover time duration, which is a minimum number of signs between the UE receiving the DCI and the UE applying a new polarization for triggering the aperiodic CSI-RS.

[0159] although Figure 9 An example box of process 900 is shown, but in some respects, process 900 may include... Figure 9 The boxes depicted in the process 900 may be additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively or additionally, two or more boxes in the process 900 may be executed in parallel.

[0160] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure 1000 performed by a UE according to this disclosure. Example procedure 1000 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with switching polarization.

[0161] like Figure 10 As shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization (box 1010). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 17 The described communication manager 140 and / or switching component 1708 can switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capabilities for switching polarization, as described above. UE capabilities for switching polarization include UE capabilities for switching from linear polarization to circular polarization, from a first circular polarization to a second polarization, or from circular polarization to linear polarization. UE capabilities may include UE capabilities for switching from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization.

[0162] like Figure 10 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include transmitting or receiving communication (block 1020). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 17 The depicted communication manager 140 and / or transmission component 1704 can transmit or receive communications, as described above.

[0163] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect and / or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other process descriptions described elsewhere in this document.

[0164] In the first aspect, the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization corresponds to the minimum supported beam switching time of QCL type D.

[0165] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the UE capability has a UE capability type specifically used to indicate the duration of the handover time in which the UE will switch polarization.

[0166] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, switching polarization includes: switching to the default polarization if there is no indication of polarization in the DCI, or if the offset between the DCI and PDSCH communication or the aperiodic CSI-RS is less than the switching time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

[0167] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the default polarization corresponds to the active polarization transport configuration indicator state with the lowest ID in the active bandwidth portion of the PDSCH applicable to the serving cell.

[0168] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the default polarization corresponds to the polarization of the downlink signal to be received in the same symbol as the aperiodic CSI-RS.

[0169] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the downlink signal is another PDSCH communication having an offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

[0170] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, another PDSCH communication has a first polarization TCI state and a second polarization TCI state, and switching polarization includes switching to the first polarization TCI state.

[0171] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the downlink signal is another aperiodic CSI-RS having a trigger offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

[0172] In the ninth aspect, the downlink signal is either periodic CSI-RS or semi-persistent CSI-RS, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects.

[0173] In the tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, switching polarization includes: if a CORESET is configured in an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, switching to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET ID in the most recent time slot where one or more CORESETs within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell are monitored.

[0174] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, switching polarization includes: if no CORESET is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, switching to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transmission configuration indicator with the lowest ID in the PDSCH of the active BWP of the serving cell with the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

[0175] although Figure 10 An example box of process 1000 is shown, but in some respects, process 1000 may include... Figure 10 The boxes depicted in the process are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 1000 may be executed in parallel.

[0176] Figure 11 This is a diagram of an example device 1100 for wireless communication. Device 1100 may be a UE (e.g., UE 120), or a UE may include device 1100. In some aspects, device 1100 includes a receiving component 1102 and a transmitting component 1104 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 1100 can use the receiving component 1102 and the transmitting component 1104 to communicate with another device 1106 (such as a UE, base station, NTN entity, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 1100 may include a communication manager 140. Communication manager 140 may include a generating component 1108 and other examples.

[0177] In some respects, device 1100 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figure 1 To one or more operations described in Figure 7. Additionally or alternatively, the device 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 8 The process 800. In some aspects, the device 1100 and / or Figure 11 One or more components shown may include combinations Figure 2 One or more components of the described UE. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 11 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components in this group may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0178] Receiver 1102 may receive communications from device 1106, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1100. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1100. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0179] Transmission component 1104 may transmit communications to device 1106, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1100 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmission component 1104 for transmission to device 1106. In some aspects, transmission component 1104 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1106. In some aspects, transmission component 1104 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1104 may be co-located with the receive component 1102 in a transceiver.

[0180] The generation component 1108 can generate an indication of the UE capability of polarization for one or more antennas used for UE switching. The transmission component 1104 can transmit the indication.

[0181] Figure 11 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 11 The components shown are those that are additional, fewer, different, or arranged differently compared to other components. Furthermore, Figure 11 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 11 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 11 The set (one or more) components shown are executable and described as being composed of Figure 11 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0182] Figure 12This is an illustration of an example 1200 of a hardware implementation of a device 1205 employing a processing system 1210. Device 1205 may be a UE (e.g., UE 120).

[0183] Processing system 1210 can be implemented using a bus architecture, generally represented by bus 1215. Bus 1215 may include any number of interconnect buses and bridges, depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of processing system 1210. Bus 1215 links together various circuits including one or more processors and / or hardware components (represented by processor 1220, the illustrated components, and computer-readable medium / memory 1225). Bus 1215 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0184] Processing system 1210 may be coupled to transceiver 1230. Transceiver 1230 is coupled to one or more antennas 1235. Transceiver 1230 provides components for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Transceiver 1230 receives signals from one or more antennas 1235, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to processing system 1210 (specifically, receiving component 1102). Additionally, transceiver 1230 receives information from processing system 1210 (specifically, transmission component 1104) and generates signals to be applied to one or more antennas 1235, at least in part, based on the received information.

[0185] Processing system 1210 includes a processor 1220 coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1225. Processor 1220 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory 1225. When executed by processor 1220, the software causes processing system 1210 to perform various functions described herein for any particular device. Computer-readable medium / memory 1225 can also be used to store data manipulated by processor 1220 during software execution. The processing system also includes at least one of the illustrated components. A component may be: a software module running in processor 1220, residing in / stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1225, one or more hardware modules coupled to processor 1220, or some combination thereof.

[0186] In some aspects, processing system 1210 may be a component of UE 120 and may include memory 282, and / or at least one of TX MIMO processor 266, RX processor 258, and / or controller / processor 280. In some aspects, means 1205 for wireless communication includes components for generating indications of UE capability for polarization of one or more antennas for switching the UE; and / or components for transmission indication. The aforementioned components may be one or more of the aforementioned components of means 1100 and / or processing system 1210 of means 1205 configured to perform the functions described herein. As described elsewhere herein, processing system 1210 may include TX MIMO processor 266, RX processor 258, and / or controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned components may be TX MIMO processor 266, RX processor 258, and / or controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations described herein.

[0187] Figure 12 Provided as an example. Other examples may be combined. Figure 12 The examples described are different.

[0188] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating a specific implementation of code and circuitry for device 1305. Device 1305 may be a UE (e.g., UE 120).

[0189] like Figure 13 As further shown, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuit 1320) for generating an indication of the UE capability of polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to generate an indication of the UE capability of polarization of one or more antennas used for switching the UE.

[0190] like Figure 13 As further shown, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuit 1325) for transmitting an indication. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to transmit an indication.

[0191] like Figure 13 As further shown, the apparatus may include code (code 1330) stored in the computer-readable medium 1225 for generating an indication of the UE capability of polarization of one or more antennas for switching the UE. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 1220, causes the processor 1220 to generate an indication of the UE capability of polarization of one or more antennas for switching the UE.

[0192] like Figure 13As further shown, the apparatus may include code (code 1335) for transmission instruction stored in the computer-readable medium 1225. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 1220, causes the processor 1220 to cause the transceiver 1230 to transmit an instruction.

[0193] Figure 13 Provided as an example. Other examples may be combined. Figure 13 The examples described are different.

[0194] Figure 14 This is a diagram of an example device 1400 for wireless communication. Device 1400 may be a base station (e.g., base station 110), or a base station may include device 1400. In some aspects, device 1400 includes a receiving component 1402 and a transmitting component 1404 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 1400 can use the receiving component 1402 and the transmitting component 1404 to communicate with another device 1406 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 1400 may include a communication manager 150. Communication manager 150 may include a generating component 1408 and other examples.

[0195] In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform Figure 1 To one or more operations described in Figure 7. Additionally or alternatively, the device 1400 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 9 The process 900. In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 and / or Figure 14 One or more components shown may include combinations Figure 2 One or more components of the described base station. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 14 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components in this group may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0196] Receiver 1402 may receive communications from device 1406, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1402 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1400. In some aspects, receiver 1402 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1400. In some aspects, receiver 1402 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described base station includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0197] The transmission component 1404 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 1406. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1400 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1404 for transmission to the device 1406. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1406. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described base station includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1404 may be co-located with the receive component 1402 in a transceiver.

[0198] The receiving component 1402 can receive from the UE an indication of the UE's capability regarding the polarization of one or more antennas used for UE switching. The generating component 1408 can generate scheduling information based at least in part on the UE's capabilities. The transmitting component 1404 can transmit scheduling messages to the UE in the DCI.

[0199] Figure 14 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 14 The components shown are those that are additional, fewer, different, or arranged differently compared to other components. Furthermore, Figure 14 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 14 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 14 The set (one or more) components shown are executable and described as being composed of Figure 14 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0200] Figure 15 This is an example 1500 illustrating a hardware implementation of a device 1505 employing a processing system 1510. Device 1505 may be a base station (e.g., base station 110, satellite 320).

[0201] Processing system 1510 can be implemented using a bus architecture, generally represented by bus 1515. Bus 1515 may include any number of interconnect buses and bridges, depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of processing system 1510. Bus 1515 links together various circuits including one or more processors and / or hardware components (represented by processor 1520, the illustrated components, and computer-readable medium / memory 1525). Bus 1515 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0202] Processing system 1510 may be coupled to transceiver 1530. Transceiver 1530 is coupled to one or more antennas 1535. Transceiver 1530 provides components for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Transceiver 1530 receives signals from one or more antennas 1535, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to processing system 1510 (specifically, receiving component 1402). Additionally, transceiver 1530 receives information from processing system 1510 (specifically, transmission component 1404) and generates signals to be applied to one or more antennas 1535, at least in part, based on the received information.

[0203] Processing system 1510 includes a processor 1520 coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1525. Processor 1520 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory 1525. When executed by processor 1520, the software causes processing system 1510 to perform the various functions described herein for any particular device. Computer-readable medium / memory 1525 may also be used to store data manipulated by processor 1520 during software execution. The processing system also includes at least one of the illustrated components. A component may be: a software module running in processor 1520, residing in / stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1525, one or more hardware modules coupled to processor 1520, or some combination thereof.

[0204] In some aspects, processing system 1510 may be a component of base station 110 and may include memory 242, and / or at least one of TX MIMO processor 230, RX processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. In some aspects, apparatus 1505 for wireless communication includes means for receiving from a UE an indication of UE capability regarding the polarization of one or more antennas for switching the UE; and / or means for transmitting scheduling information to the UE in a DCI that is at least partially based on UE capability. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of processing system 1510 of apparatus 1400 and / or apparatus 1505 configured to perform the functions described herein. As described elsewhere herein, processing system 1510 may include TX MIMO processor 230, receiver processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be TX MIMO processor 230, receiver processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240 configured to perform the functions and / or operations described herein.

[0205] Figure 15 Provided as an example. Other examples may be combined. Figure 15 The examples described are different.

[0206] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating a specific implementation of the code and circuitry used in device 1605. Device 1605 may be a UE (e.g., UE 120).

[0207] like Figure 16 As further shown, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuit 1620) for receiving from the UE an indication of the UE's capability to polarize one or more antennas used for switching the UE. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to receive from the UE an indication of the UE's capability to polarize one or more antennas used for switching the UE.

[0208] like Figure 16 As further shown, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuit 1625) for transmitting scheduling information, at least partially based on UE capabilities, to the UE in the DCI. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to transmit scheduling information, at least partially based on UE capabilities, to the UE in the DCI.

[0209] like Figure 16As further shown, the apparatus may include code (code 1630) stored in computer-readable medium 1525 for receiving from the UE an indication of the UE's capability to polarize one or more antennas for switching the UE. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by processor 1520, causes processor 1520 to cause transceiver 1530 to receive from the UE an indication of the UE's capability to polarize one or more antennas for switching the UE.

[0210] like Figure 16 As further shown, the apparatus may include code (code 1635) stored in computer-readable medium 1525 for transmitting scheduling information, at least partially based on UE capabilities, to the UE in the DCI. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by processor 1520, causes processor 1520 to cause transceiver 1530 to transmit scheduling information, at least partially based on UE capabilities, to the UE in the DCI.

[0211] Figure 16 Provided as an example. Other examples may be combined. Figure 16 The examples described are different.

[0212] Figure 17 This is a diagram of an example device 1700 for wireless communication. Device 1700 may be a UE (e.g., UE 120), or a UE may include device 1700. In some aspects, device 1700 includes a receiving component 1702 and a transmitting component 1704 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 1700 can use the receiving component 1702 and the transmitting component 1704 to communicate with another device 1706 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 1700 may include a communication manager 140. Communication manager 140 may include a switching component 1708, etc.

[0213] In some respects, device 1700 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figure 1 To one or more operations described in Figure 7. Additionally or alternatively, the device 1700 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 10 The process 1000. In some aspects, the apparatus 1700 and / or Figure 17 One or more components shown may include combinations Figure 2 One or more components of the described UE. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 17 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components in this group may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0214] Receiver 1702 may receive communications from device 1706, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1702 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1700. In some aspects, receiver 1702 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1700. In some aspects, receiver 1702 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0215] Transmission component 1704 may transmit communications to device 1706, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1700 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmission component 1704 for transmission to device 1706. In some aspects, transmission component 1704 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1706. In some aspects, transmission component 1704 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1704 may be co-located with the receive component 1702 in a transceiver.

[0216] The switching component 1708 can switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization. The transmission component 1704 can transmit or receive communications.

[0217] Figure 17 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 17 The components shown are those that are additional, fewer, different, or arranged differently compared to other components. Furthermore, Figure 17 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 17 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 17 The set (one or more) components shown are executable and described as being composed of Figure 17 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0218] Figure 18 This is an illustration of an example 1800 of a hardware implementation of a device 1805 employing a processing system 1810. Device 1805 may be a UE.

[0219] Processing system 1810 can be implemented using a bus architecture, generally represented by bus 1815. Bus 1815 may include any number of interconnect buses and bridges, depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of processing system 1810. Bus 1815 links together various circuits including one or more processors and / or hardware components (represented by processor 1820, the illustrated components, and computer-readable medium / memory 1825). Bus 1815 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0220] Processing system 1810 may be coupled to transceiver 1830. Transceiver 1830 is coupled to one or more antennas 1835. Transceiver 1830 provides components for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Transceiver 1830 receives signals from one or more antennas 1835, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to processing system 1810 (specifically, receiving component 1702). Additionally, transceiver 1830 receives information from processing system 1810 (specifically, transmitting component 1704) and generates signals to be applied to one or more antennas 1835, at least in part, based on the received information.

[0221] Processing system 1810 includes a processor 1820 coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1825. Processor 1820 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory 1825. When executed by processor 1820, the software causes processing system 1810 to perform the various functions described herein for any particular device. Computer-readable medium / memory 1825 may also be used to store data manipulated by processor 1820 during software execution. The processing system also includes at least one of the illustrated components. A component may be: a software module running in processor 1820, residing in / stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1825, one or more hardware modules coupled to processor 1820, or some combination thereof.

[0222] In some aspects, processing system 1810 may be a component of UE 120 and may include memory 282, and / or at least one of TX MIMO processor 266, RX processor 258, and / or controller / processor 280. In some aspects, apparatus 1805 for wireless communication includes means for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of a UE at least in part based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization; and / or means for transmitting or receiving communications. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of processing system 1810 of apparatus 1700 and / or apparatus 1805 configured to perform the functions described herein. As described elsewhere herein, processing system 1810 may include TX MIMO processor 266, RX processor 258, and / or controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be TX MIMO processor 266, RX processor 258, and / or controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations described herein.

[0223] Figure 18 Provided as an example. Other examples may be combined. Figure 18 The examples described are different.

[0224] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating a specific implementation of the code and circuitry used in device 1905. Device 1905 may be a UE (e.g., UE 120).

[0225] like Figure 19 As further shown, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuit 1920) for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization.

[0226] like Figure 19 As further shown, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuit 1925) for transmitting or receiving communications. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to transmit or receive communications.

[0227] like Figure 19 As further shown, the apparatus may include code (code 1930) stored in the computer-readable medium 1825 for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 1520, causes the processor 1820 to switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, at least in part, based on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization.

[0228] like Figure 19 As further shown, the apparatus may include code (code 1935) stored in the computer-readable medium 1825 for transmitting or receiving communications. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 1520, causes the processor 1520 to cause the transceiver 1530 to transmit or receive communications.

[0229] Figure 19 Provided as an example. Other examples may be combined. Figure 19 The examples described are different.

[0230] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example 2000 of the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture according to this disclosure. Figure 20 As shown, the O-RAN architecture may include a Central Unit (CU) 2010 that communicates with the core network 2020 via a backhaul link. Furthermore, the CU 2010 may communicate with one or more Distributed Units (DUs) 2030 via corresponding midhaul links. Each DU 2030 may communicate with one or more Radio Units (RUs) 2040 via a corresponding outhaul link, and each RU 2040 may communicate with a corresponding UE 120 via a radio frequency (RF) access link. The DUs 2030 and RUs 2040 may also be referred to as O-RAN DU (O-DU) 2030 and O-RAN RU (O-RU) 2040, respectively.

[0231] In some aspects, the DU 2030 and RU 2040 can be implemented according to a functional split architecture, wherein the functionality of the base station 110 (e.g., eNB or gNB) is provided by the DU 2030 and one or more RU 2040 communicating via an outbound link. Therefore, as described herein, the base station 110 may include the DU 2030 and one or more RU 2040, which may be co-located or geographically distributed. In some aspects, the DU 2030 and the associated RU 2040 may communicate via an outbound link to exchange real-time control plane information via a Lower Layer Split (LLS) Control Plane (LLS-C) interface, non-real-time management information via an LLS Management Plane (LLS-M) interface, and / or user plane information via an LLS User Plane (LLS-U) interface.

[0232] Therefore, DU 2030 may correspond to a logical unit comprising one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RU 2040s. For example, in some aspects, DU 2030 may host the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (e.g., forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and / or modulation and demodulation) based at least in part on lower-layer function splitting. Higher-layer control functions (such as Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), RRC, and / or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP)) may be hosted by CU 2010. Based at least in part on lower-layer function splitting, the RU 2040 controlled by DU 2030 may correspond to a logical node hosting RF processing functions and low PHY layer functions (e.g., Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), Digital Beamforming, and / or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering). Therefore, in the O-RAN architecture, RU 2040 handles all over-the-air (OTA) communications with UE 120, and the real-time and non-real-time aspects of communication with the control plane and user plane of RU 2040 are controlled by the corresponding DU 2030, which enables DU 2030 and CU 2010 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture.

[0233] In some respects, UE 120 may transmit an indication of UE capabilities for switching polarization to RU 2040, which may then provide this indication to DU 2030. DU 2030 may control other RU 2040s and / or provide indications to CU 2010. CU 2010 may assign indications or associated information to DU 2030 and RU 2040. RU 2040 within the O-RAN architecture may coordinate with UE 120 to switch polarization according to the appropriate UE capabilities of UE 120.

[0234] As indicated above, Figure 20 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 20 Different than described.

[0235] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0236] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: generating an indication of UE capability for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE; and transmitting the indication.

[0237] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the UE capability includes a switching time duration for switching polarization.

[0238] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, the duration of the switching time is a minimum number of symbols between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization indicated by the DCI for processing physical downlink shared channel communication.

[0239] Aspect 4: According to the method of aspect 2, the duration of the switching time is a minimum number of signs between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization of an aperiodic channel state information reference signal indicated by the DCI for triggering.

[0240] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein generating the indication comprises: selecting the UE capability from one or more UE capability types for switching polarization; and selecting a value corresponding to the UE capability.

[0241] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein the UE capability is used for physical downlink shared channel communication received in association with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15 kHz or 30 kHz in frequency range 1 (FR1), or for aperiodic channel state information reference signal received in association with an SCS of 15 kHz or 30 kHz in FR1.

[0242] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the UE capability includes a UE capability for switching from a first polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE to a second polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE.

[0243] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the UE capability for switching polarization includes a UE capability for switching from linear polarization to circular polarization, from a first circular polarization to a second polarization, or from circular polarization to linear polarization.

[0244] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the UE capability includes a UE capability for switching from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization.

[0245] Aspect 10: A method of wireless communication performed by a base station, comprising: receiving from a user equipment (UE) an indication of UE capabilities for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE; and transmitting, in downlink control information (DCI), scheduling information at least partially based on the UE capabilities to the UE.

[0246] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10, wherein the DCI indicates a new polarization of the UE.

[0247] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, wherein the UE capability indicates the handover time duration, the handover time duration being a sign of a minimum amount between the UE receiving the DCI and the UE applying the new polarization for processing physical downlink shared channel communication.

[0248] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 11, wherein the UE capability indicates the handover time duration, the handover time duration being a sign of a minimum amount between the UE receiving the DCI and the UE applying the new polarization for triggering an aperiodic channel state information reference signal.

[0249] Aspect 14: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE based at least in part on the UE's UE capability for switching polarization; and transmitting or receiving communications.

[0250] Aspect 15: According to the method of aspect 14, the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization corresponds to the minimum supported beam switching time of quasi-co-address (QCL) type D.

[0251] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 14 or 15, wherein the UE capability has a UE capability type specifically used to indicate the duration of the switching time when the UE will switch polarization.

[0252] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of Aspects 14 to 16, wherein switching polarization comprises: switching to the default polarization if there is no indication of polarization in the downlink control information (DCI), or if the offset between the DCI and the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) communication or the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is less than the switching time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

[0253] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein the default polarization corresponds to the active polarization transport configuration indicator state with the lowest identifier of the PDSCH applicable to the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell.

[0254] Aspect 19: According to the method of aspect 17, wherein the default polarization corresponds to the polarization of the downlink signal to be received in the same symbol as the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0255] Aspect 20: According to the method of aspect 19, the downlink signal is another PDSCH communication having an offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

[0256] Aspect 21: According to the method of aspect 20, wherein the other PDSCH communication has a first polarization transport configuration indicator (TCI) state and a second polarization TCI state, and wherein switching polarization includes switching to the polarization of the first polarization TCI state.

[0257] Aspect 22: According to the method of aspect 19, the downlink signal is another aperiodic CSI-RS having a trigger offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

[0258] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 19, wherein the downlink signal is a periodic CSI-RS or a semi-persistent CSI-RS.

[0259] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 17, wherein switching polarization includes: if a control resource set (CORESET) is configured in an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, switching to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot where one or more CORESETs within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell are monitored.

[0260] Aspect 25: The method according to aspect 17, wherein switching polarization includes: if no control resource set (CORESET) is configured in the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) carrier, switching to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transmission configuration indicator with the lowest identifier of the PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

[0261] Aspect 26: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 25.

[0262] Aspect 27: A device for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 25.

[0263] Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 25.

[0264] Aspect 29: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1 to 25.

[0265] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 25.

[0266] The foregoing disclosure provides illustrative examples and descriptions, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from practice in these aspects.

[0267] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, "software" should be interpreted broadly as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures and / or functions, and other examples. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be clear that the systems or methods described herein can be implemented using various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limited in any way. Therefore, the operation and behavior of systems and / or methods are not described herein with reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein, to implement the systems and / or methods.

[0268] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0269] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically enumerated in the claims and / or not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase referring to “at least one of” in the list of entries refers to any combination of these entries (including a single member). As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0270] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the article “a” is intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “described” is intended to include one or more entries mentioned in connection with the article “described” and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” If only one entry is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms “having” and the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Furthermore, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be open-ended when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in conjunction with “any” or “only one”).

Claims

1. An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: Generate an indication of UE capability for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, the UE capability including a switching time duration for switching polarization, wherein the switching time duration is a minimum amount of sign between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization for another signal indicated by the DCI. The instruction to launch was given; and Switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE. In order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to: If a control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) carrier, the device causes the device to switch to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot monitored within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell; or In order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to: If no control resource set CORESET is configured in an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, the device is caused to switch to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transport configuration indicator with the lowest identifier of the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the other signal is a physical downlink shared channel communication.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the other signal is a triggered aperiodic CSI-RS.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to generate the instruction, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to: Select the UE capability from one or more UE capability types used for switching polarization; and Select a value corresponding to the UE capability.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the UE capability is used for physical downlink shared channel communication received in association with a subcarrier spacing SCS of 15 kHz or 30 kHz in frequency range 1FR1, or for aperiodic channel state information reference signal received in association with an SCS of 15 kHz or 30 kHz in FR1.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the UE capability includes a UE capability for switching from a first polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE to a second polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the UE capability for switching the polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE comprises: UE capability for switching from linear polarization to circular polarization UE capability for switching from the first circular polarization to the second polarization, or UE capability for switching from circular polarization to linear polarization.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the UE capability for switching the polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE includes the UE capability for switching from a first linear polarization to a second linear polarization.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: One or more transmitters, the one or more transmitters being coupled to the one or more processors and configured to provide the indication to the one or more antennas of the UE for transmission.

10. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: Obtaining an indication of UE capability for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of a User Equipment (UE), the UE capability including a handover time duration for switching polarization, wherein the handover time duration is a minimum sign between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization for another signal indicated by the DCI; and In order to transmit in the DCI, scheduling information based at least in part on the UE's capabilities is output, wherein the scheduling information provides a polarization handover time duration longer than the handover time duration by a number of symbols.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the other signal is a physical downlink shared channel communication.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the other signal is a triggered aperiodic channel state information reference signal.

13. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising: One or more transmitters, the one or more transmitters being coupled to the one or more processors.

14. An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: The polarization of one or more antennas of the UE is switched at least in part based on UE capabilities for switching polarization, the UE capabilities including a switching time duration for switching polarization, wherein, in order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to cause the device to switch to a default polarization at least in part based on one or more of the following: There is no indication of polarization in the downlink control information (DCI), or the offset between the DCI and another signal is less than the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization; as well as Transmitting or receiving communications, The default polarization refers to the polarization of the downlink signal to be received in the same symbol as the aperiodic channel state information reference signal CSI-RS. The downlink signal is a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) communication having an offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization; or the downlink signal is an aperiodic CSI-RS having a trigger offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the other signal is either PDSCH communication or aperiodic CSI-RS.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the default polarization corresponds to the active polarization transport configuration indicator state with the lowest identifier of the PDSCH applicable to the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the PDSCH communication has a first polarization transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state and a second polarization TCI state, and wherein, in order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to switch to the polarization of the first polarization TCI state.

18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein, for switching polarization, the one or more processors are configured to: if a control resource set CORESET is configured in an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, cause the apparatus to switch to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot monitored within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell for one or more CORESETs.

19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein, for switching polarization, the one or more processors are configured to: if no control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, cause the apparatus to switch to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transmission configuration indicator with the lowest identifier for the PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

20. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising: One or more transmitters, the one or more transmitters being coupled to the one or more processors.

21. An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: The polarization of one or more antennas of the UE is switched at least in part based on the UE capability for switching polarization, wherein the UE capability includes a switching time duration for switching polarization and has a UE capability type specifically used to indicate the switching time duration for switching polarization; as well as Transmitting or receiving communications, In order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to: if a control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) carrier, cause the device to switch to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot monitored within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell; or In order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to switch to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transport configuration indicator with the lowest identifier of the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier if no control resource set (CORESET) is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

22. A method for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: Generate an indication of UE capability for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, the UE capability including a switching time duration for switching polarization, the switching time duration being a minimum amount of sign between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization for another signal indicated by the DCI; The instruction was transmitted; as well as Switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE. The polarization switching includes: if a control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) carrier, then switching to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot monitored within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell; or The polarization switching includes: if no control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, switching to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transmission configuration indicator with the lowest identifier of the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the other signal is PDSCH communication.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein the other signal is a triggered aperiodic CSI-RS.

25. The method of claim 22, wherein generating the instruction comprises: Select the UE capability from one or more UE capability types used for switching polarization; as well as Select a value corresponding to the UE capability.

26. The method of claim 22, wherein the UE capability includes a UE capability for switching from a first polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE to a second polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE.

27. A method for wireless communication performed at a network entity, comprising: Obtaining an indication of UE capability for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of a User Equipment (UE), the UE capability including a handover time duration for switching polarization, wherein the handover time duration is a minimum sign between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization for another signal indicated by the DCI; and In order to transmit in the DCI, scheduling information based at least in part on the UE's capabilities is output, wherein the scheduling information provides a polarization handover time duration longer than the handover time duration by a number of symbols.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the other signal is a physical downlink shared channel communication.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein the other signal is a triggered aperiodic channel state information reference signal.

30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of a user-equipped UE, cause the UE to: Generate an indication of UE capability for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE, the UE capability including a switching time duration for switching polarization, wherein the switching time duration is a minimum amount of sign between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization for another signal indicated by the DCI. The instruction was transmitted; as well as Switch the polarization of one or more antennas of the UE. The polarization switching includes: if a control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) carrier, then switching to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot monitored within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell; or The polarization switching includes: if no control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, switching to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transport configuration indicator with the lowest identifier of the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

31. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 30, wherein the other signal is PDSCH communication.

32. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 30, wherein the other signal is a triggered aperiodic CSI-RS.

33. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 30, wherein the UE capability includes a UE capability for switching from a first polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE to a second polarization of the one or more antennas of the UE.

34. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of the network entity, cause the network entity to: Obtaining an indication of UE capability for switching the polarization of one or more antennas of a User Equipment (UE), the UE capability including a handover time duration for switching polarization, wherein the handover time duration is a minimum sign between receiving downlink control information (DCI) and applying a new polarization for another signal indicated by the DCI; and In order to transmit in the DCI, scheduling information based at least in part on the UE's capabilities is output, wherein the scheduling information provides a polarization handover time duration longer than the handover time duration by a number of symbols.

35. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 34, wherein the other signal is one of a non-periodic channel state information reference signals triggered by physical downlink shared channel communication.

36. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of a user-equipped UE, cause the UE to: The polarization of one or more antennas of the UE is switched at least in part based on UE capabilities for switching polarization, the UE capabilities including a switching time duration for switching polarization and having a UE capability type specifically for indicating the switching time duration for switching polarization; as well as Transmitting or receiving communications, In order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to: If a control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) carrier, the UE is caused to switch to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot where one or more CORESETs within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell are monitored; or In order to switch polarization, the one or more processors are configured to: If no control resource set CORESET is configured in an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, the UE is switched to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transport configuration indicator with the lowest identifier of the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

37. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 36, wherein the switching time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization corresponds to the minimum supported beam switching time of quasi-co-located QCL type D.

38. A method for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: The polarization of one or more antennas of the UE is switched at least in part based on UE capabilities for switching polarization, the UE capabilities including a switching time duration for switching polarization, wherein switching polarization includes switching to a default polarization at least in part based on one or more of the following: There is no indication of polarization in the downlink control information (DCI), or The offset between the DCI and another signal is less than the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization; as well as Transmitting or receiving communications, The default polarization refers to the polarization of the downlink signal to be received in the same symbol as the aperiodic channel state information reference signal CSI-RS. The downlink signal is a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) communication having an offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization; or the downlink signal is an aperiodic CSI-RS having a trigger offset greater than or equal to the handover time duration associated with the UE capability for switching polarization.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the other signal is either PDSCH communication or aperiodic CSI-RS.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein the default polarization corresponds to the active polarization transport configuration indicator state with the lowest identifier of the PDSCH applicable to the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell.

41. The method of claim 38, wherein the PDSCH communication has a first polarization transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state and a second polarization TCI state, and wherein switching polarization includes switching to the polarization of the first polarization TCI state.

42. The method of claim 39, wherein switching polarization comprises: If a control resource set CORESET is configured in an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier is switched in the most recent time slot monitored within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell of that CORESET.

43. The method of claim 39, wherein switching polarization comprises: If no control resource set CORESET is configured in an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, the polarization is switched to the state of the active polarization transport configuration indicator with the lowest identifier in the active bandwidth portion of the PDSCH applicable to the serving cell with an aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

44. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: The polarization of one or more antennas of the UE is switched at least in part based on the UE capability for switching polarization, wherein the UE capability includes a switching time duration for switching polarization and has a UE capability type specifically used to indicate the switching time duration for switching polarization; as well as Transmitting or receiving communications, The polarization switching includes: if a control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) carrier, then switching to the polarization corresponding to the lowest CORESET identifier in the most recent time slot monitored within the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell; or The polarization switching includes: if no control resource set CORESET is configured in the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier, switching to the polarization corresponding to the state of the active polarization transport configuration indicator with the lowest identifier of the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH in the active bandwidth portion of the serving cell with the aperiodic CSI-RS carrier.

45. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising components for performing the method according to any one of claims 22-29 and 38-44.

46. ​​A computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 22-29 and 38-44.

47. A computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 38-43.

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