Spring plate flexible ejection drum

Abstract

The application discloses a spring plate flexible stripping drum, which comprises a middle shaft and a plurality of beating plate assemblies arranged in a circular array relative to the middle shaft; the beating plate assembly comprises a flexible beating plate and a supporting part for fixing the flexible beating plate; each beating plate assembly is connected with the middle shaft through an elastic part; the elastic part is a square plate with a first straight edge facing outward; the supporting part is an L-shaped beating plate supporting plate; the number of the beating plate supporting plates is two, which are a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate respectively and are arranged on two sides of the flexible beating plate; a fastener penetrating through the two beating plate supporting plates and the flexible beating plate fixes the beating plate assembly relative to the elastic part; the first straight edge is arranged at a corner position of the first supporting plate; and an inner side edge of the flexible beating plate is arranged at a corner position of the second supporting plate. The spring plate flexible stripping drum has the advantages that the structural design conforms to the actual operation working condition of the flexible beating plate, the multi-degree-of-freedom self-adaptive adjustment of the flexible beating plate can be realized, and the cost is low.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nut shelling, in particular to a spring plate flexible shelling drum. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of automatically shelling nuts such as peanuts with hard shells, a shelling drum needs to be used in cooperation with a concave screen to perform shelling work. The applicant's prior application CN114766687A discloses a nut shelling drum, which comprises a flexible beating plate. The flexible beating plate has a gap with the concave screen. When the shelling drum rotates, the U-shaped support part that fixes the flexible beating plate can beat nuts, and the flexible beating plate can rub nuts to make kernels out of shells. In this device, the elastic sliding structure composed of a support screw, a sleeve, and a conventional spiral spring enables the U-shaped support part to elastically slide in the axial direction of the shaft so that the flexible beating plate can dynamically and adaptively adjust the gap. However, in actual use, the beating plate has the following problems:

[0003] (1) The elastic sliding structure composed of the support screw, the sleeve, and the conventional spiral spring only has one degree of freedom for adjusting the flexible beating plate, which is not suitable for the actual stress condition of the flexible beating plate. In actual use, the flexible beating plate will receive a lateral impact force and a top reaction force. This combined force will cause the support screw to be skewed and stuck relative to the sleeve, which cannot be stretched and contracted.

[0004] (2) In this scheme, two sets of elastic sliding structures support both ends of the U-shaped support part. In actual use, the two sets of elastic sliding structures must be stretched and contracted at the same time. However, due to the unevenness of the material between the flexible beating plate and the concave screen, sometimes the flexible beating plate needs to be slightly skewed to adapt to the shelling requirements of the unevenly distributed material in the axial direction. However, the above structure is difficult to achieve this purpose. In addition, since the forces received by both ends of the flexible beating plate are not balanced, the flexible beating plate has a tendency to skew, which also easily causes the support screw to be skewed and stuck relative to the sleeve.

[0005] (3) The combination of the U-shaped support part and the support plate supports the flexible beating plate, which has a relatively complex structure and requires a higher cost. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a spring plate flexible shelling drum that has a structure design that conforms to the actual working conditions of the flexible beating plate, can achieve multi-degree-of-freedom adaptive adjustment of the flexible beating plate, and has a low cost.

[0007] Technical solution: To achieve the above object, the spring plate flexible shelling drum of the application comprises a middle shaft and a plurality of beating plate assemblies arranged in a circular array relative to the middle shaft; the beating plate assembly comprises a flexible beating plate and a support component for fixing the flexible beating plate; each beating plate assembly is connected to the middle shaft through an elastic component;

[0008] The elastic component is a square plate with a first straight edge facing outward;

[0009] The support component is an L-shaped beating plate support plate; the number of the beating plate support plates is two, which are a first support plate and a second support plate respectively, and the two are placed on the two sides of the flexible beating plate, and the first support plate is in contact with the elastic component; the fastener passing through the two beating plate support plates and the flexible beating plate fixes the beating plate assembly relative to the elastic component;

[0010] The first straight edge is placed at the corner position of the first support plate; an inner side edge of the flexible beating plate is placed at the inner side corner position of the second support plate.

[0011] In the above structure, the two beating plate support plates sandwich the flexible beating plate, and the fastener fixes the positions of the two beating plate support plates relatively and prevents dislocation. The beating plate support plates have mutually perpendicular long edges and short edges, and the long edges of the first support plate and the second support plate are in abutment with the flexible beating plate. Since the first straight edge is placed at the corner position of the first support plate, the first straight edge is in abutment with the short edge of the first support plate, which can assist the positioning of the first support plate during assembly, and the first straight edge can also prevent the first support plate from producing position creep displacement during the operation of the spring plate flexible shelling drum, preventing the extension direction of the first support plate from being non-parallel to the axial direction of the middle shaft when not under stress, and the edge of the elastic component can also increase the rigidity of the first support plate to prevent plastic deformation thereof.

[0012] Since an inner side edge of the flexible beating plate is placed at the inner side corner position of the second support plate, the short edge of the second support plate abuts against the inner side end surface of the flexible beating plate, which can prevent the flexible beating plate from slowly creeping and displacing inward due to the reverse force of the shelling object such as peanuts during shelling operation, thereby affecting the subsequent shelling effect. In addition, the second support plate can also keep the flexible beating plate parallel to the axial direction of the shelling drum, so that the positions of the flexible beating plate are consistent with the concave plate gap between the concave plate screen used in cooperation when not under external force.

[0013] Further, the elastic component comprises two elastic plates, namely a first elastic plate and a second elastic plate; one of the two elastic plates has a first slotted hole, and the other has a circular hole; a first fastening bolt passing through the first slotted hole and the circular hole fixes the two elastic plates; the first elastic plate is connected to the middle shaft, and the first straight edge is located on the second elastic plate. By arranging the first slotted hole, the relative position of the two elastic plates can be adjusted, and thus the area of the overlapping region of the two elastic plates changes, so that the rigidity of the elastic component formed by the two elastic plates can be changed. During use, the rigidity of the elastic component can be adjusted according to the type of nuts, so that the shelling force is adapted to the type of nuts while ensuring the success rate of shelling, and the kernels are prevented from being damaged.

[0014] Further, the middle shaft is fixedly installed with a shaft sleeve; the shaft sleeve is formed with a groove, the width of the groove is adapted to the width of the first elastic plate; and the end of the first elastic plate is fixed in the groove. By the above installation structure, the first elastic plate is more conveniently installed, and the two side edges of the groove can prevent the first elastic plate from being skewed, so that the axial direction of the beating plate assembly is parallel to the middle shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the second support plate is located on the two sides of the first elastic plate relative to the first elastic plate, the edges of the groove have a transition fillet, and when the flexible shelling drum rotates, the first elastic plate is bent to the side of the shaft sleeve due to the action of the reaction force after the second support plate faces forward, the shaft sleeve can provide better support for the first elastic plate, and can prevent the first elastic plate from being excessively deformed, and the first elastic plate is in contact with the transition fillet after bending and deforming, so that the first elastic plate can be prevented from gradually deforming plastically.

[0016] Further, the first elastic plate is fixed to the shaft sleeve by a second fastening bolt. The axial direction of the second fastening bolt extends along the radial direction of the middle shaft, that is, the first elastic plate is installed away from the center of the middle shaft.

[0017] Further, the corners of the beating plate support plate are rounded, and the outward end face of the flexible beating plate is further outward than the beating plate support plate as a whole. Thus, the flexible material is always in contact with the nuts during shelling, and the kernel damage during shelling is reduced. Such a structure not only ensures the cracking of the nut shells, but also greatly reduces the damage to the kernels inside, so that ideal shelling quality can be obtained. During operation of the flexible shelling drum, the second support plate faces forward, and the first support plate faces backward. When the flexible beating plate is subjected to the force of peanuts and other nuts, the flexible beating plate bends towards the first support plate. Since the corners of the first support plate are rounded, the flexible beating plate is in contact with the rounded corners when bending, so that the beating plate can be prevented from being broken by shearing force during operation, and the service life is prolonged.

[0018] Further, the fastener is a countersunk bolt, the head of which is located on one side of the second support plate and does not protrude. During operation of the flexible shelling drum, the head of the countersunk bolt faces forward, compared with a common hexagonal bolt, the protruding bolt head is avoided to damage the nuts and reduce the shelling quality.

[0019] Further, a plurality of sets of clamping screws are arranged on the shaft sleeve, the ends of the clamping screws abut against the shaft, and the plurality of sets of clamping screws are installed in a circumferential direction of the shaft in a staggered manner, so that the shaft sleeve is fixed relative to the shaft.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The spring plate flexible shelling drum has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) Two L-shaped beating plate support plates are adopted to effectively clamp the flexible beating plate, the cost is low, and the relative positions between the first support plate and the elastic member and between the second support plate and the flexible beating plate are kept determined by using the structural features of the beating plate support plates, so that the shelling effect will not change due to displacement caused by long-time use.

[0022] (2) During operation of the flexible shelling drum, the beating plate assembly is subjected to combined forces (the beating plate assembly side hits nuts to be subjected to lateral reaction force, and the outer end surface of the beating plate assembly rubs nuts to be subjected to radial reaction force), the square plate-shaped elastic member is adopted to connect the shaft and the beating plate assembly, the square plate-shaped elastic member has multi-directional deformation ability, so that the operation condition of the beating plate assembly can be met, the beating plate assembly has multi-directional self-adaptive deformation ability, and the actual demand of shelling operation can be met. In the scheme, the width of the elastic member in the axial direction of the shaft is less than the length of the beating plate support plate in the axial direction of the shaft, and the elastic member is connected to the middle position of the first support plate, so that the gap between the two ends of the beating plate assembly and the cooperating concave screen can be adaptively changed, the beating plate support plate can be non-parallel to the shaft during operation, and the actual demand is met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a first structure diagram of the spring plate flexible shelling drum.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a second structure diagram of the spring plate flexible shelling drum.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a first combined structure diagram of the beating plate assembly and the elastic member.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a second combined structure diagram of the beating plate assembly and the elastic member.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the shaft sleeve.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Flexible plate; 2-Fastener; 3-First fastening bolt; 4-First elastic plate; b-First strip hole; 5-Second fastening bolt; 6-Second elastic plate; a-First straight edge; 7-Plate support plate; 7A-First support plate; 7B-Second support plate; 71-Long side; 72-Short side; 8-Central shaft; 9-Set screw; 10-Busset; 10a-Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figures 1-2 The spring plate flexible shelling roller shown includes a central shaft 8 and multiple striking plate assemblies arranged in a circumferential array relative to the central shaft 8, as shown in the figure, in three groups; the striking plate assembly includes a flexible striking plate 1 and a support member for fixing the flexible striking plate 1; each group of the striking plate assembly is connected to the central shaft 8 through an elastic member; the elastic member is a square plate with an outward-facing first straight edge a.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the supporting component is an L-shaped striking plate support plate 7; there are two striking plate support plates 7, namely a first support plate 7A and a second support plate 7B, which are placed on both sides of the flexible striking plate 1, and the first support plate 7A is in contact with the elastic component; the striking plate assembly is fixed relative to the elastic component by fasteners 2 passing through the two striking plate support plates 7 and the flexible striking plate 1; the first straight edge a is placed at the corner position of the first support plate 7A; an inner edge of the flexible striking plate 1 is placed at the inner corner position of the second support plate 7B.

[0032] In the above structure, two striking plate support plates 7 sandwich the flexible striking plate 1 in the middle, and fasteners 2 fix the relative positions of the two striking plate support plates 7 to prevent misalignment. In this embodiment, the fastener 2 is a bolt, and a reamed hole can be opened on the striking plate support plate 7. The fastener 2 is provided with an optical axis segment that fits tightly with the reamed hole to ensure accurate relative positioning of the two striking plate support plates 7.

[0033] The striking plate support plate 7 has a long side 71 and a short side 72 that are perpendicular to each other. The long side 71 of the first support plate 7A and the second support plate 7B are both in contact with the flexible striking plate 1. Since the first straight side a is located at the corner of the first support plate 7A, the first straight side a abuts against the short side 72 of the first support plate 7A. This can help the first support plate 7A to be positioned during the assembly process. In addition, when the spring plate flexible shell-removing roller is in operation, the first straight side a can also prevent the first support plate 7A from creeping and shifting, and prevent the extension direction of the first support plate 7A from being non-parallel to the axis of the central shaft 8 when it is not under force. In addition, the edge of the elastic component can also increase the rigidity of the first support plate 7A and prevent it from plastic deformation.

[0034] Because one inner edge of the flexible striking plate 1 is positioned inside the corner of the second support plate 7B, and the short side 72 of the second support plate 7B abuts against the inner end face of the flexible striking plate 1, it can prevent the flexible striking plate 1 from slowly creeping inward and shifting due to the reverse force of the peanut or other object being shelled during the shelling operation, thus affecting the subsequent shelling effect. In addition, the second support plate 7B can also keep the flexible striking plate 1 parallel to the axial direction of the shelling roller, so that when the flexible striking plate 1 is not subjected to external force, the gap between its various positions and the matching concave plate screen is relatively consistent.

[0035] In the above structure, on the one hand, the use of two L-shaped plate-holding support plates 7 can effectively clamp the flexible plate-holding plate 1, which is low in cost. Moreover, the structural features of the plate-holding support plates 7 are used to keep the relative positions between the first support plate 7A and the elastic component, and between the second support plate 7B and the flexible plate-holding plate 1 fixed, so that the shell-removal effect will not change due to displacement after long-term use.

[0036] On the other hand, during the operation of the flexible shelling roller, the striking assembly is subjected to a compound force (the striking assembly's side striking the nut receives a lateral reaction force, and the outer end face of the striking assembly kneading the nut receives a radial reaction force). A square plate-shaped elastic component connects the central shaft 8 to the striking assembly. Because the square plate-shaped elastic component has multi-directional deformation capability, it can meet the operating conditions of the striking assembly, giving the striking assembly multi-directional adaptive deformation capability to meet the actual needs of the shelling operation. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the width W of the elastic component in the axial direction of the central shaft 8 is less than the length L of the beater support plate 7 in the axial direction of the central shaft 8, and the elastic component is connected to the middle position of the first support plate 7A. Preferably, W ≤ L / 3. The elastic component can be twisted in all directions to adapt to the adaptive adjustment requirements of the beater assembly. The gap between the two ends of the beater assembly and the cooperating concave screen can be adaptively changed. During operation, the beater support plate 7 can be non-parallel to the central shaft 8, which meets the actual needs when the material distribution is uneven in the axial direction.

[0037] The aforementioned elastic component includes two elastic plates, namely a first elastic plate 4 and a second elastic plate 6. One of the elastic plates has a first strip-shaped hole b (the first strip-shaped hole b is formed on the first elastic plate 4 in the figure), and the other has a round hole. A first fastening bolt 3 passes through the first strip-shaped hole b and the round hole to fix the two elastic plates. The first elastic plate 4 is connected to the central shaft 8, and the first straight edge a is located on the second elastic plate 6. By providing the first strip-shaped hole b, the relative positions of the two elastic plates can be adjusted by sliding, thereby changing the area of ​​the overlapping region of the two elastic plates. This changes the overall stiffness of the elastic component formed by the two elastic plates. During use, adjusting the stiffness of the elastic component according to the type of nut can ensure a high success rate in cracking the shell while adapting the cracking force to the type of nut, preventing damage to the kernel.

[0038] Preferably, a bushing 10 is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 8; a groove 10a is formed on the bushing 10, the width of which is adapted to the width of the first elastic plate 4; the end of the first elastic plate 4 is fixed within the groove 10a. This mounting structure facilitates the installation of the first elastic plate 4, and the two side edges of the groove 10a prevent the first elastic plate 4 from tilting, ensuring that the plate-attacking assembly is axially parallel to the central shaft 8. The first elastic plate 4 is fixed to the bushing 10 by a second fastening bolt 5, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the first elastic plate 4 also has a second strip hole c through which the second fastening bolt 5 passes. Thus, when the relative position of the first elastic plate 4 and the second elastic plate 6 changes, the gap between the flexible beater 1 and the concave screen can be kept constant by adjusting the relative position of the first elastic plate 4 and the bushing 10. The axial direction of the second fastening bolt 5 extends radially along the central shaft 8, that is, the first elastic plate 4 is installed off-center from the center of the central shaft 8.

[0039] Relative to the first elastic plate 4, the second support plate 7B and the bushing 10 are located on opposite sides of the first elastic plate 4, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the edge of the groove 10a has a transition rounded corner. When the flexible shelling roller rotates, since the second support plate 7B faces forward, the entire elastic component bends towards the side where the bushing 10 is located after being subjected to the reaction force (including impact force and friction force) of the nuts. This can increase the shelling gap between the flexible beater 1 and the concave screen. The more nuts on the concave screen, the greater the bending amplitude of the elastic component, and the larger the shelling gap can adaptively become. In this way, the quality of the shelling operation can be guaranteed. Moreover, compared with the previously applied elastic extension scheme, this structure is more in line with the characteristics of nut shelling and can achieve a better adaptive effect.

[0040] On the other hand, the bushing 10 can provide better support for the first elastic plate 4 and prevent the first elastic plate 4 from being over-deformed. The bending deformation of the first elastic plate 4 contacts the transition fillet, which can prevent the first elastic plate 4 from gradually undergoing plastic deformation.

[0041] The bushing 10 is provided with multiple sets of set screws 9, the ends of which abut against the central shaft 8. The multiple sets of set screws 9 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the central shaft 8, so that the bushing 10 can be reliably fixed relative to the central shaft 8.

[0042] The outer corners of the striking plate support plate 7 are rounded, and the outward-facing end face of the flexible striking plate 1 is further outward than the overall striking plate support plate 7. This ensures that the material in contact with the nuts during the shelling process is always flexible. Figure 1 , 2 The structure, with its shaded area, minimizes kernel breakage during the shelling process. This design ensures the shells don't crack while significantly reducing damage to the kernels, resulting in ideal shelling quality. During operation, the flexible shelling roller has the second support plate 7B facing forward and the first support plate 7A facing backward. When the flexible striking plate 1 is subjected to the force of peanuts or other nuts, it bends towards the first support plate 7A. Because the outer corner of the first support plate 7A is rounded, the flexible striking plate 1 contacts the rounded corner when bending, preventing it from breaking due to shearing forces during operation and extending its service life.

[0043] Preferably, the fastener 2 is a countersunk bolt, with its head located on one side of the second support plate 7B and not exposed. During the operation of the flexible shelling roller, the head of the countersunk bolt faces forward, which, compared to ordinary hexagonal bolts, avoids the protruding bolt head damaging the kernels and reducing the shelling quality.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible shell-removing roller with spring plates, comprising a central shaft (8) and a plurality of striking plate assemblies arranged in a circumferential array relative to the central shaft (8); each striking plate assembly includes a flexible striking plate (1) and a supporting member for fixing the flexible striking plate (1); each set of the striking plate assemblies is connected to the central shaft (8) via an elastic member; characterized in that: The elastic component is a square plate with an outward-facing first straight edge (a). The supporting component is an L-shaped striking plate support plate (7); there are two striking plate support plates (7), namely a first support plate (7A) and a second support plate (7B), which are placed on both sides of the flexible striking plate (1); the striking plate assembly is fixed relative to the elastic component by fasteners (2) passing through the first support plate (7A), the second support plate (7B), and the flexible striking plate (1); The first straight edge (a) is placed at the corner of the first support plate (7A); an inner edge of the flexible plate (1) is placed at the corner of the second support plate (7B).

2. The flexible shell-removing roller with spring plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic component includes two elastic plates, namely a first elastic plate (4) and a second elastic plate (6); one of the two elastic plates has a first strip hole (b) and the other has a round hole, and a first fastening bolt (3) passing through the first strip hole (b) and the round hole fixes the first elastic plate (4) and the second elastic plate (6); the first elastic plate (4) is connected to the central shaft (8), and the first straight edge (a) is located on the second elastic plate (6).

3. The flexible shell-removing roller with spring plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, A bushing (10) is fixedly installed on the central shaft (8); a groove (10a) is formed on the bushing (10), the width of the groove (10a) is adapted to the width of the first elastic plate (4); the end of the first elastic plate (4) is fixed in the groove (10a).

4. The flexible shell-removing roller with spring plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first elastic plate (4) is fixed to the bushing (10) by the second fastening bolt (5).

5. The flexible shell-removing roller with spring plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer corner of the striking plate support plate (7) is rounded, and the outer end face of the flexible striking plate (1) is further outward than the striking plate support plate (7).

6. The flexible shell-removing roller with spring plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastener (2) is a countersunk bolt, the head of which is located on one side of the second support plate (7B) and is not exposed.

7. The flexible shell-removing roller with spring plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bushing (10) is provided with multiple sets of set screws (9), the ends of which abut against the central shaft (8).

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