A high-yield soybean fertilizer and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-yield soybean fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation. The high-yield soybean fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of cottonseed hulls, 40-50 parts of corn stalks, 30-40 parts of chicken manure, 12-15 parts of urea, 2-3 parts of compound microorganisms, 2-3 parts of a microorganism growth promoter, 10-12 parts of a phosphorus-potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer, 4-6 parts of fish bone powder, 10-12 parts of wood ash and 5-8 parts of boric acid. The fertilizer can promote the differentiation of soybean flower buds, flowering and pollination, increase the number of soybean pods and further improve the yield of soybeans.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer preparation technology, and in particular to a high-yield soybean fertilizer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Soybeans are highly nutritious and are a legume with a long history of cultivation. The nutrients in soybeans are easily absorbed by the human body, and soybeans, along with wheat, rice, and corn, are considered one of the world's four pillar crops. Soybeans are rich in plant protein, vitamins, minerals, and various amino acids. They hold a prominent position among many grain crops and have a wide range of uses in agricultural production. They can be processed into oilseeds, animal feed, and other food products, offering both easy access and high nutritional value. Soy protein is the main component of soybeans; therefore, soybeans can be processed into various soy products. Furthermore, soybeans have the highest fat content among legumes, earning them the title of "King of Beans." They can be processed into soy products and oilseeds, and their byproducts can be used as livestock feed.

[0003] With rapid economic development and rising consumer demands, the demand for soybeans has continued to increase in recent years. Consequently, farmers often apply large amounts of chemical fertilizers to boost soybean yields. However, the unscientific use of chemical fertilizers can alter soil structure and texture, leading to severe soil salinization, heavy metal pollution, nutrient imbalances, reduced fertilizer utilization, and decreased agricultural product quality, seriously threatening crop yields. Furthermore, long-term use of chemical fertilizers can cause environmental pollution, negatively impacting soil and the ecosystem, and hindering the sustainable development of soybean cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-yield soybean fertilizer and its preparation method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a high-yield soybean fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts cottonseed hulls, 40-50 parts corn stalks, 30-40 parts chicken manure, 12-15 parts urea, 2-3 parts compound microorganisms, 2-3 parts microbial growth promoter, 10-12 parts phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer, 4-6 parts fish bone meal, 10-12 parts wood ash and 5-8 parts boric acid.

[0007] Wood ash and fish bone meal are rich in nutrients such as potassium (K) and phosphorus (P), which can continuously provide soybeans with these nutrients and improve the fertilizer's effect on promoting flowering and protecting pods.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0009] Phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids are mixed, crushed and granulated to obtain compound fertilizer granules;

[0010] Polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and starch are dissolved in water, then a crosslinking agent is added, the mixture is stirred and reacted, dried and pulverized to obtain a coating material. The coating material is then coated onto the surface of compound fertilizer granules to obtain coated granules.

[0011] The styrene-acrylic emulsion was sprayed onto the surface of the coated particles and dried to obtain the phosphorus-potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and amino acids is 10:10:3;

[0013] The particle size of the compound fertilizer granules is 1-1.5 mm;

[0014] The phosphate fertilizer includes monoammonium phosphate; the potassium fertilizer includes potassium sulfate.

[0015] The amino acids include glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

[0016] The combined use of glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine can promote the growth of soybean pods and increase soybean yield.

[0017] Further, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, starch and crosslinking agent is (15-20):(1.5-2):(10-15):(2.5-5);

[0018] The dissolution temperature is 65–75°C; the stirring reaction temperature is 65–75°C, the stirring speed is 200–250 r / min, and the time is 2.5–3.5 h.

[0019] The mass ratio of the coating material to the compound fertilizer granules is 1:10.

[0020] Furthermore, the solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 10-15%; the volume / mass ratio of the styrene-acrylic emulsion to the coated particles is 1 mL: 20 g.

[0021] The phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer of this invention can improve the slow-release performance of fertilizer and provide multiple nutrients for plants, which is more conducive to plant growth and development. Moreover, the slow-release time of the phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer of this invention is as long as 90 days, which can provide soybeans with sufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer during the flowering period, promote the differentiation, flowering, and pollination of soybean flower buds, and increase the number of soybean pods. At the same time, the amino acids in the phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer can promote soybean pod formation, improve the photosynthetic effect of soybeans, and thus improve the yield and quality of soybeans.

[0022] Furthermore, the composite microorganism comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 3-4 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2-3 parts of Bacillus megaterium, 3-4 parts of Bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-2 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 4-5 parts of Trichoderma viride, 5-6 parts of Bacillus davidii, 2-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 4-5 parts of yeast, and 1-2 parts of Trichoderma.

[0023] Furthermore, the microbial growth promoter comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts tartaric acid, 5-6 parts malonic acid, 4-6 parts starch, 2-3 parts ferric chloride, 1-2 parts calcium chloride, 1-2 parts manganese chloride, 2-3 parts zinc chloride, and 1-2 parts copper chloride.

[0024] The Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus mucilaginosus in the complex microorganisms can secrete various growth hormones such as gibberellins, which promote crop growth and development.

[0025] Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in the complex microorganisms can produce biological enzymes such as cellulase, hemicellulase and ligninase, which can accelerate the decomposition process of straw, provide rich organic matter for plant growth, and thus improve crop yield and quality.

[0026] The Bacillus davidii in the complex microorganisms lives in symbiosis with soybean roots, converting atmospheric nitrogen into amino nitrogen that can be absorbed by plants, providing nutrients for soybean plants and improving soybean yield and quality.

[0027] Lactic acid bacteria and yeast in the complex microorganisms can produce acidic substances during the cultivation process, which can neutralize the pH of the soil, reduce the pH value of saline-alkali soil, and improve the soil salinization problem caused by the extensive use of chemical fertilizers.

[0028] Trichoderma in the complex microbial community can promote the decomposition of organic matter, improve composting efficiency, and promote plant growth.

[0029] Microbial growth promoters can enhance the vitality of microorganisms in the soil and increase their ability to secrete organic acids, auxins, vitamins, and other substances. This provides nutrients for crop growth while protecting crops from pathogens, thereby effectively promoting crop growth and development and increasing crop yield.

[0030] The second technical solution of the present invention: a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-yield soybean fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Mix cottonseed hulls, corn stalks, chicken manure and compound microorganisms evenly and then pile them up for fermentation to obtain fermented fertilizer;

[0032] (2) Mix the fermented fertilizer and other raw materials evenly to obtain the high-yield soybean fertilizer.

[0033] Furthermore, the temperature of the composting fermentation is 35-40℃, and the time is 35-40 days; the compost is turned over once every 7 days during the composting fermentation period.

[0034] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0035] The fertilizer of this invention can promote the differentiation, flowering, and pollination of soybean flower buds, increase the number of soybean pods, and thus increase soybean yield.

[0036] The fertilizer of this invention can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in soybean cultivation and reduce the number of fertilizations. Only one application of base fertilizer is needed to ensure the nutritional needs of soybeans throughout their entire growth period.

[0037] The fertilizer of this invention can improve the problem of soil salinization caused by the use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers, improve soil structure, balance soil nutrients, and provide a good growing environment for crops. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0040] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0041] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0042] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0043] In the following examples, "parts" refers to "parts by weight".

[0044] The Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus davidii, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and Trichoderma used in this invention are all commercially available.

[0045] Among them, the effective viable counts of Bacillus licheniformis were 20 billion / g, Bacillus subtilis were 20 billion / g, Bacillus megaterium were 50 billion / g, Bacillus mucilaginosus were 1 billion / g, Trichoderma harzianum were 5 billion / g, Trichoderma viride were 10 billion / g, Bacillus davidii were 1 billion / g, Lactic acid bacteria were 200 million / g, yeast were 1 billion / g, and Trichoderma were 5 billion / g.

[0046] The polyvinyl alcohol used in this invention has a molecular weight of 250,000 to 300,000.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] A method for preparing a high-yield soybean fertilizer:

[0049] (1) High-yield soybean fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts cottonseed hulls, 40 parts corn stalks, 35 parts chicken manure, 15 parts urea, 2.5 parts compound microorganisms, 3 parts microbial growth promoter, 12 parts phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer, 5 parts fish bone meal, 12 parts wood ash and 6 parts boric acid.

[0050] The complex microorganisms consist of the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts Bacillus licheniformis, 3.5 parts Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts Bacillus megaterium, 4 parts Bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part Trichoderma harzianum, 5 parts Trichoderma viride, 6 parts Bacillus davidii, 2.5 parts lactic acid bacteria, 5 parts yeast, and 1 part Trichoderma.

[0051] The microbial growth promoter is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts tartaric acid, 5 parts malonic acid, 5 parts starch, 3 parts ferric chloride, 1 part calcium chloride, 1.5 parts manganese chloride, 3 parts zinc chloride, and 1 part copper chloride.

[0052] (2) Preparation of compound slow-release fertilizer containing phosphorus, potassium and amino acids

[0053] A. Mix phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids in a mass ratio of 10:10:3, crush to 100 mesh, and granulate using a granulator (granulation particle size is 1.2 mm) to obtain compound fertilizer granules.

[0054] The amino acids consist of glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

[0055] The phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

[0056] B. Add 18 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate, and 12 parts of starch to 500 parts of water, heat to 75°C to dissolve, then add 3 parts of crosslinking agent (boric acid), stir and react (stirring temperature is 75°C, speed is 250 r / min, time is 2.5 h), then dry, and pulverize to 100 mesh to obtain a coating material. Then, while spraying a 5 wt.% starch solution on the surface of the compound fertilizer granules, add the coating material (mass ratio of coating material to compound fertilizer granules is 1:10) to coat them. After coating, dry to obtain coated granules.

[0057] C. A styrene-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 12% was sprayed onto the surface of coated granules (the volume / mass ratio of styrene-acrylic emulsion to coated granules was 1 mL: 20 g), and after drying, a compound slow-release fertilizer of phosphorus, potassium and amino acids was obtained.

[0058] (3) Preparation of high-yield soybean fertilizer

[0059] (1) Mix cottonseed hulls, corn stalks, chicken manure and compound microorganisms evenly and then pile them up for fermentation (the temperature of the pile fermentation is 40℃ and the time is 35 days; the pile is turned over once every 7 days during the pile fermentation period) to obtain fermented fertilizer.

[0060] (2) Mix the fermented fertilizer with other raw materials evenly to obtain high-yield soybean fertilizer.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] A method for preparing a high-yield soybean fertilizer:

[0063] High-yield soybean fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts cottonseed hulls, 50 parts corn stalks, 30 parts chicken manure, 15 parts urea, 3 parts compound microorganisms, 2 parts microbial growth promoter, 12 parts phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer, 4 parts fish bone meal, 12 parts wood ash and 5 parts boric acid.

[0064] The complex microorganisms consist of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts Bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts Bacillus subtilis, 2 parts Bacillus megaterium, 3 parts Bacillus mucilaginosus, 1.5 parts Trichoderma harzianum, 4 parts Trichoderma viride, 5.5 parts Bacillus davidii, 2 parts lactic acid bacteria, 4 parts yeast, and 2 parts Trichoderma.

[0065] The microbial growth promoter is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3.5 parts tartaric acid, 6 parts malonic acid, 4 parts starch, 2.5 parts ferric chloride, 2 parts calcium chloride, 1 part manganese chloride, 2 parts zinc chloride, and 2 parts copper chloride.

[0066] (2) Preparation of compound slow-release fertilizer containing phosphorus, potassium and amino acids

[0067] A. Mix phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids in a mass ratio of 10:10:3, crush to 100 mesh, and granulate using a granulator (granulation particle size is 1mm) to obtain compound fertilizer granules.

[0068] The amino acids consist of glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

[0069] The phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

[0070] B. Add 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of sodium alginate, and 15 parts of starch to 500 parts of water, heat to 70℃ to dissolve, then add 2.5 parts of crosslinking agent (boric acid), stir and react (stirring temperature is 70℃, speed is 220 r / min, time is 3.5 h), then dry, and pulverize to 100 mesh to obtain a coating material. Then, while spraying a 5 wt.% starch solution on the surface of the compound fertilizer granules, add the coating material (mass ratio of coating material to compound fertilizer granules is 1:10) to coat them. After coating, dry to obtain coated granules.

[0071] C. A styrene-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 15% was sprayed onto the surface of coated granules (the volume / mass ratio of styrene-acrylic emulsion to coated granules was 1 mL: 20 g), and after drying, a compound slow-release fertilizer of phosphorus, potassium and amino acids was obtained.

[0072] (3) Preparation of high-yield soybean fertilizer

[0073] (1) Mix cottonseed hulls, corn stalks, chicken manure and compound microorganisms evenly and then pile them up for fermentation (the temperature of the pile fermentation is 35℃ and the time is 40 days; the pile is turned over once every 7 days during the pile fermentation period) to obtain fermented fertilizer.

[0074] (2) Mix the fermented fertilizer with other raw materials evenly to obtain high-yield soybean fertilizer.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] A method for preparing a high-yield soybean fertilizer:

[0077] High-yield soybean fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts cottonseed hulls, 40 parts corn stalks, 40 parts chicken manure, 12 parts urea, 2 parts compound microorganisms, 3 parts microbial growth promoter, 10 parts phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer, 5 parts fish bone meal, 11 parts wood ash and 7 parts boric acid.

[0078] The complex microorganisms consist of the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts Bacillus licheniformis, 4 parts Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts Bacillus megaterium, 3.5 parts Bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part Trichoderma harzianum, 5 parts Trichoderma viride, 5 parts Bacillus davidii, 3 parts lactic acid bacteria, 4.5 parts yeast, and 2 parts Trichoderma.

[0079] The microbial growth promoter is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts tartaric acid, 5.5 parts malonic acid, 6 parts starch, 2 parts ferric chloride, 1 part calcium chloride, 2 parts manganese chloride, 2.5 parts zinc chloride, and 1 part copper chloride.

[0080] (2) Preparation of compound slow-release fertilizer containing phosphorus, potassium and amino acids

[0081] A. Mix phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids in a mass ratio of 10:10:3, crush to 100 mesh, and granulate using a granulator (granulation particle size is 1.5 mm) to obtain compound fertilizer granules.

[0082] The amino acids consist of glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

[0083] The phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

[0084] B. Add 20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate, and 10 parts of starch to 500 parts of water, heat to 65°C to dissolve, then add 4 parts of crosslinking agent (boric acid), stir and react (stirring temperature is 65°C, speed is 200 r / min, time is 2.5 h), then dry, and pulverize to 100 mesh to obtain a coating material. Then, while spraying a 5 wt.% starch solution on the surface of the compound fertilizer granules, add the coating material (mass ratio of coating material to compound fertilizer granules is 1:10) to coat them. After coating, dry to obtain coated granules.

[0085] C. A styrene-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 10% is sprayed onto the surface of coated granules (the volume / mass ratio of styrene-acrylic emulsion to coated granules is 1 mL: 20 g), and after drying, a phosphorus-potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer is obtained.

[0086] (3) Preparation of high-yield soybean fertilizer

[0087] (1) Mix cottonseed hulls, corn stalks, chicken manure and compound microorganisms evenly and then pile them up for fermentation (the temperature of the pile fermentation is 38℃ and the time is 37 days; the pile is turned over once every 7 days during the fermentation period) to obtain fermented fertilizer.

[0088] (2) Mix the fermented fertilizer with other raw materials evenly to obtain high-yield soybean fertilizer.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] A method for preparing a high-yield soybean fertilizer:

[0091] High-yield soybean fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts cottonseed hulls, 45 parts corn stalks, 30 parts chicken manure, 12 parts urea, 3 parts compound microorganisms, 2 parts microbial growth promoter, 11 parts phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer, 6 parts fish bone meal, 10 parts wood ash and 8 parts boric acid.

[0092] The complex microorganisms consist of the following components in parts by weight: 5.5 parts Bacillus licheniformis, 3 parts Bacillus subtilis, 2.5 parts Bacillus megaterium, 3 parts Bacillus mucilaginosus, 2 parts Trichoderma harzianum, 4.5 parts Trichoderma viride, 6 parts Bacillus davidii, 2 parts lactic acid bacteria, 4 parts yeast, and 1 part Trichoderma.

[0093] The microbial growth promoter is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts tartaric acid, 5 parts malonic acid, 4 parts starch, 2 parts ferric chloride, 1.5 parts calcium chloride, 1 part manganese chloride, 3 parts zinc chloride, and 1.5 parts copper chloride.

[0094] (2) Preparation of compound slow-release fertilizer containing phosphorus, potassium and amino acids

[0095] A. Mix phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids in a mass ratio of 10:10:3, crush to 100 mesh, and granulate using a granulator (granulation particle size is 1mm) to obtain compound fertilizer granules.

[0096] The amino acids consist of glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

[0097] The phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

[0098] B. Add 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of sodium alginate, and 10 parts of starch to 500 parts of water, heat to 70℃ to dissolve, then add 5 parts of crosslinking agent (boric acid), stir and react (stirring temperature is 70℃, speed is 240 r / min, time is 3h), then dry, and pulverize to 100 mesh to obtain a coating material. Then, while spraying a 5wt.% starch solution on the surface of the compound fertilizer granules, add the coating material (mass ratio of coating material to compound fertilizer granules is 1:10) to coat them. After coating, dry to obtain coated granules.

[0099] C. A styrene-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 15% was sprayed onto the surface of coated granules (the volume / mass ratio of styrene-acrylic emulsion to coated granules was 1 mL: 20 g), and after drying, a compound slow-release fertilizer of phosphorus, potassium and amino acids was obtained.

[0100] (3) Preparation of high-yield soybean fertilizer

[0101] (1) Mix cottonseed hulls, corn stalks, chicken manure and compound microorganisms evenly and then pile them up for fermentation (the temperature of the pile fermentation is 40℃ and the time is 40 days; the pile is turned over once every 7 days during the pile fermentation period) to obtain fermented fertilizer.

[0102] (2) Mix the fermented fertilizer with other raw materials evenly to obtain high-yield soybean fertilizer.

[0103] Comparative Example 1

[0104] Same as Example 1, except that the phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer is replaced with phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acid in a mass ratio of 10:10:3.

[0105] Comparative Example 2

[0106] Same as Example 1, except that fish bone powder is replaced with an equal amount of monoammonium phosphate.

[0107] Comparative Example 3

[0108] Same as Example 1, except that the addition of microbial growth promoter is omitted.

[0109] Comparative Example 4

[0110] Same as Example 1, except that Bacillus licheniformis in the compound microorganisms is replaced with an equal mass of Bacillus subtilis.

[0111] Comparative Example 5

[0112] Same as Example 1, except that Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus mucilaginosus in the composite microorganisms are omitted.

[0113] Comparative Example 6

[0114] Same as Example 1, except that the preparation of the phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer is as follows:

[0115] A. Mix phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids in a mass ratio of 10:10:3, crush to 100 mesh, and granulate using a granulator (granulation particle size is 1.2 mm) to obtain compound fertilizer granules.

[0116] The amino acids consist of glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

[0117] The phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

[0118] B. Add 18 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate, and 12 parts of starch to 500 parts of water, heat to 75°C to dissolve, then add 3 parts of crosslinking agent (boric acid), stir and react (stirring temperature is 75°C, speed is 250 r / min, time is 2.5 h), then dry, pulverize to 100 mesh to obtain coating material. Then, while spraying a 5 wt.% starch solution on the surface of compound fertilizer granules, add the coating material (mass ratio of coating material to compound fertilizer granules is 1:10) to coat them. After coating, dry to obtain phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer.

[0119] Comparative Example 7

[0120] Same as Example 1, except that the preparation of the phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer is as follows:

[0121] A. Mix phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids in a mass ratio of 10:10:3, crush to 100 mesh, and granulate using a granulator (granulation particle size is 1.2 mm) to obtain compound fertilizer granules.

[0122] The amino acids consist of glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

[0123] The phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

[0124] B. A styrene-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 12% is sprayed onto the surface of compound fertilizer granules (the volume / mass ratio of styrene-acrylic emulsion to compound fertilizer granules is 1 mL: 20 g), and the coated granules are obtained after drying.

[0125] C. Add 18 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate, and 12 parts of starch to 500 parts of water, heat to 75°C to dissolve, then add 3 parts of crosslinking agent (boric acid), stir and react (stirring temperature is 75°C, speed is 250 r / min, time is 2.5 h), then dry, pulverize to 100 mesh to obtain coating material. Then, spray a 5 wt.% starch solution on the surface of the coated particles while adding the coating material (mass ratio of coating material to coated particles is 1:10) to coat them. After coating, dry to obtain phosphorus, potassium, and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer.

[0126] Example 1

[0127] (1) Divide the planting area into several plots with an area of ​​50m². 2 In each plot, the fertilizers prepared in the examples and comparative examples were applied as base fertilizer (by deep tillage to 30cm) at a rate of 200kg / 667m². 2 The treatment was repeated 3 times (i.e., 10 plots of fertilizer prepared in each example or comparative example), and the blocks were randomly arranged.

[0128] (2) Sow Shidou No. 11 in early June with a sowing rate of 6 kg / mu, a row spacing of 50 cm, and a plant spacing of 15 cm. After sowing soybeans, carry out conventional field management and do not apply any other fertilizers during the planting period.

[0129] (3) After the soybeans have formed pods, count the number of pods per plant; from late September to mid-October, harvest the soybeans after shaking them until they make a sound and the leaves have fallen off, and measure the yield (dry weight) of the soybeans. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0130] Table 1. Number of pods per soybean plant and yield

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] As can be seen from Table 1, the fertilizers prepared using Examples 1 to 4 of this invention can increase the number of soybean pods and the yield of soybeans with only one application when used for soybean planting.

[0134] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-yield fertilizer for soybeans, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 15-25 parts cottonseed hulls, 40-50 parts corn stalks, 30-40 parts chicken manure, 12-15 parts urea, 2-3 parts compound microorganisms, 2-3 parts microbial growth promoter, 10-12 parts phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer, 4-6 parts fish bone meal, 10-12 parts wood ash and 5-8 parts boric acid; The preparation method of the phosphorus, potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer includes the following steps: Phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids are mixed, crushed and granulated to obtain compound fertilizer granules; Polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and starch are dissolved in water, then a crosslinking agent is added, the mixture is stirred and reacted, dried and pulverized to obtain a coating material. The coating material is then coated onto the surface of compound fertilizer granules to obtain coated granules. The styrene-acrylic emulsion was sprayed onto the surface of the coated particles and dried to obtain the phosphorus-potassium and amino acid compound slow-release fertilizer. The composite microorganism comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 3-4 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2-3 parts of Bacillus megaterium, 3-4 parts of Bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-2 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 4-5 parts of Trichoderma viride, 5-6 parts of Bacillus davidii, 2-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 4-5 parts of yeast, and 1-2 parts of Trichoderma. The microbial growth promoter comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts tartaric acid, 5-6 parts malonic acid, 4-6 parts starch, 2-3 parts ferric chloride, 1-2 parts calcium chloride, 1-2 parts manganese chloride, 2-3 parts zinc chloride, and 1-2 parts copper chloride.

2. The high-yield soybean fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and amino acids is 10:10:3; The particle size of the compound fertilizer granules is 1~1.5mm; The phosphate fertilizer includes monoammonium phosphate; the potassium fertilizer includes potassium sulfate. The amino acids include glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, leucine, and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:0.5:0.

5.

3. The high-yield soybean fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, starch and crosslinking agent is (15~20):(1.5~2):(10~15):(2.5~5). The dissolution temperature is 65~75℃; the stirring reaction temperature is 65~75℃, the stirring speed is 200~250 r / min, and the time is 2.5~3.5 h; The mass ratio of the coating material to the compound fertilizer granules is 1:

10.

4. The high-yield soybean fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid content of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 10-15%; the volume / mass ratio of the styrene-acrylic emulsion to the coated particles is 1 mL: 20 g.

5. A method for preparing a high-yield soybean fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Cottonseed hulls, corn stalks, chicken manure and compound microorganisms are mixed evenly and then piled up for fermentation to obtain fermented fertilizer; (2) Mix the fermented fertilizer and other raw materials evenly to obtain the high-yield soybean fertilizer.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature for the composting fermentation is 35~40℃, and the time is 35~40 days; the compost is turned over every 7 days during the composting fermentation period.

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