Tunnel disaster chain simulation platform and construction method based on MR and accident evolution model

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform and construction method based on MR and accident evolution model, which mainly solves the problem of poor authenticity and experience of existing tunnel disaster accident and disposal simulation system. The simulation platform includes a real tunnel scene: used to simulate the real tunnel situation as a carrier for virtual scene fusion; control and display equipment: virtual simulation core equipment, used for the control, display, operation of virtual scenes, and interaction with virtual content; tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation system: integrated with virtual accident scenes based on tunnel disaster accident evolution model, to achieve the fusion and superposition of virtual vehicles, fire or collapse scenes in real tunnel scenes. The present invention can be used to deduce the occurrence and development process of four disaster accident scenes such as tunnel fire, explosion, collapse, "fire-explosion-collapse" (displaying apparent characteristics (smoke, flame spread, etc.) and characteristic data (temperature, thermal radiation, gas concentration change, etc.), to feel the effects of different disaster disposal methods; the simulation use scene is more realistic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel disaster simulation and emergency drills, and more specifically, to a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform and a construction method based on MR and an accident evolution model. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, fires, explosions, collapses and other accidents have occurred frequently in highway tunnels, causing immeasurable economic losses and social impacts. In order to effectively deal with various tunnel disasters and accidents, tunnel operators and fire rescue teams generally conduct emergency drills to improve the emergency response capabilities of emergency personnel and the escape skills of the public. With the rapid development of computer technology and extended reality technology, using mixed reality (Virtual Reality) or mixed reality (MixedReality) technology to build emergency simulation systems and conduct accident emergency drills has become a more efficient way. For example, Liu Dunwen and others from Central South University built a tunnel fire emergency training system based on mixed reality technology. The system functions include experience mode, training mode and underlying mode, and developed 6 training modules and 15 scenario subjects accordingly, so as to realize fire emergency training for tunnel rescue personnel and management personnel in a highly immersive virtual environment; Hu Min and others from Shanghai University developed a tunnel fire evacuation command training system based on mixed reality (VR) technology. The system collects the commander's movements, sounds and other instructions through VR equipment, dynamically simulates the response of the evacuated crowd to the instructions, combines the crowd's response behavior with its self-evacuation behavior, and then places it in a fire scene environment to comprehensively simulate the evacuation command process and conduct numerical evaluation of the command effect.

[0003] However, most of the existing tunnel disaster accident and disposal simulation systems use mixed reality technology, but do not use mixed reality technology to build a platform for emergency drills, resulting in poor authenticity and experience; they only focus on tunnel fires, and do not consider other types of accidents such as tunnel explosions and collapses; they do not perform scenario design and simulation based on the test or simulation results of tunnel disaster accidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform and construction method based on MR and accident evolution model, mainly to solve the problems of poor authenticity and experience of existing tunnel disaster accident and disposal simulation systems.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model, including:

[0007] Realistic tunnel scene: used to simulate real tunnel conditions and serve as a carrier for virtual scene fusion;

[0008] Control and display equipment: virtual simulation core equipment, used for controlling, displaying, and operating virtual scenes, and interacting with virtual content;

[0009] Tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation system: integrates virtual accident scenarios based on the tunnel disaster accident evolution model, and realizes the fusion and superposition of virtual vehicle, fire or collapse scenarios in the real tunnel scene.

[0010] Furthermore, in the present invention, the realistic tunnel scene is composed of a tunnel entity model, MR fire-fighting facilities and environmental simulation facilities; the tunnel entity model includes a tunnel model, a pedestrian crosswalk and a vehicle crosswalk configured in the tunnel model for tunnel risk avoidance, a fire hydrant, a fire extinguisher and a manual alarm button arranged on one side of the tunnel model; and a number of infrared beacons arranged in the tunnel model.

[0011] Furthermore, in the present invention, the mixed reality fusion platform is based on the Unity3D engine, and uses a large touch screen and an MR head display as display and interaction devices; the mixed reality head display device uses an infrared beacon for positioning.

[0012] Furthermore, in the present invention, the MR fire-fighting facilities are training props that are modified from traditional fire-fighting facilities and can receive and transmit signals. They are used to simulate tunnel fire-fighting facilities, trigger electronic switches through operation, and send corresponding events to the MR headset via Bluetooth, which is linked to the virtual world. The effects presented in the virtual scene include MR alarm buttons, MR portable fire extinguishers, MR fire water guns, and MR foam guns; a positioning and tracking module is installed on the MR fire-fighting facilities.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, the environmental simulation facility includes a tunnel jet fan, a heater and an automatic control device; the jet fan is installed on a movable bracket and is remotely controlled by a frequency converter of the automatic control device; a heat-sensing area is set in the tunnel model; the heat-sensing area is heated by two heaters, and the heaters are placed on a movable bracket facing the heat-sensing area. The output temperature is controlled by the automatic control device, and the angle and direction of the heater can be manually adjusted up, down, left and right.

[0014] Furthermore, in the present invention, a mobile anemometer and a temperature sensor are also provided in the tunnel model to test and adjust the wind speed and temperature in a local area of ​​the tunnel.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for constructing a tunnel disaster chain deduction platform based on MR and an accident evolution model, which is used to realize the construction of a tunnel disaster chain deduction platform based on MR and an accident evolution model; the method comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Conduct research on typical disaster accidents and emergency response measures in tunnels. By collecting and analyzing typical disaster accident data and test data in tunnels, extract typical characteristic information and emergency response measures for fire, explosion and collapse accidents in long and large tunnels;

[0017] S2, combined with the characteristic information of typical tunnel accidents, simulate the development of fire, explosion and collapse disasters in long and large tunnels, obtain the spatiotemporal evolution data of the disaster, and establish a tunnel disaster accident resource library combined with three-dimensional modeling; according to the configuration requirements of typical fire safety facilities in long and large tunnels, combined with the working characteristics of emergency response measures, use numerical simulation and three-dimensional modeling methods to establish an emergency response measure working model;

[0018] S3, build realistic tunnel scenarios: according to the typical cross-sectional form, spatial scale and fire safety facility configuration requirements of long and large tunnels, establish a tunnel physical model, configure MR fire protection facilities and tunnel disaster environment simulation facilities, and build a realistic scenario of the tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation platform;

[0019] S4, based on mixed reality technology, organizes data centered on accident scenario simulation data and emergency response process data, builds a tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation system, and uses three-dimensional modeling and simulation engine methods, combined with external equipment and real scenes, to build long and large tunnel fire, explosion, collapse accidents and dynamic scenes of their disposal.

[0020] Furthermore, in the present invention, the method for constructing a tunnel disaster accident evolution model comprises the following steps:

[0021] S41, numerically simulate typical tunnel accidents using professional disaster simulation software to obtain the spatiotemporal evolution data of the disaster;

[0022] S42, combining 3D modeling software to form a tunnel disaster accident evolution model.

[0023] Furthermore, in the present invention, the typical tunnel accidents include fire, explosion, collapse, and "fire-explosion-collapse" accidents.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The simulation platform of the present invention is suitable for tunnel management personnel, users and rescue personnel. The above-mentioned personnel can use the platform to simulate the occurrence and development process of four disaster accident scenarios, such as tunnel fire, explosion, collapse, and "fire-explosion-collapse" (displaying the apparent characteristics (smoke, flame spread, etc.) and characteristic data (temperature, thermal radiation, gas concentration changes, etc.), and feel the effects of different disaster handling methods; the simulated usage scenarios are more realistic.

[0026] (2) The present invention can also be used for training and assessment of tunnel management personnel and users in initial disaster handling (such as using portable fire extinguishers or fire hoses to put out fires), escape, etc., thus expanding the scope of use of the platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the method for constructing the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.

[0028] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the accident evolution model in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the tunnel entity model in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel entity model in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a tunnel disaster environment simulation facility in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a curve diagram of the tunnel fire accident environment characteristic data (1m from the fire point, 1.8m above the ground) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is the overall layout diagram of the deduction platform in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include but are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention discloses a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model. For platform construction, it is first necessary to collect and analyze accident data and test data such as videos, pictures, investigation reports, and research reports to extract typical characteristic information and emergency response measures for fire, explosion, and collapse accidents in long tunnels.

[0036] Based on theories of thermodynamics, combustion, computational fluid dynamics, explosion mechanics, structural mechanics, etc., numerical simulation software such as FDS, CFX, FLUENT, etc. are used, combined with the characteristic information of typical tunnel accidents, to simulate the development of fire, explosion and collapse disasters in long and large tunnels, obtain the spatiotemporal evolution data of the disaster, and establish a tunnel disaster accident resource library by combining methods such as 3D modeling. According to the configuration requirements of typical fire safety facilities in long and large tunnels, combined with the working characteristics of emergency response measures, numerical simulation, 3D modeling and other methods are used to establish a working model of emergency response measures.

[0037] According to the typical cross-sectional form, spatial scale and fire safety facility configuration requirements of long and large tunnels, a tunnel physical model is established, MR fire-fighting facilities and tunnel disaster environment simulation facilities are configured, and a realistic scenario of the tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation platform is constructed.

[0038] Finally, based on mixed reality technology, data organization is carried out with accident scenario simulation data and emergency response process data as the center. Databases and client software are established with servers or development tools such as cloud servers, Windows Server, Unity3d engine, Visual Studio and Mixed RealityToolkit. Three-dimensional modeling, simulation engine and other methods are used, combined with external equipment such as motion capture equipment and temperature simulation equipment and real scenes, to construct dynamic scenes of accidents and their disposal such as fire, explosion, and collapse in long tunnels.

[0039] In this embodiment, the realistic tunnel scene is used to simulate the real tunnel situation and serve as a carrier for the fusion of virtual scenes. It is built based on the tunnel disaster accident evolution model to simulate the real tunnel situation. The realistic tunnel scene consists of a tunnel entity model, MR fire-fighting facilities and environmental simulation facilities. The tunnel entity model includes a tunnel model, pedestrian and vehicle crosswalks for tunnel evasion, fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and manual alarm buttons on one side of the tunnel model, and a number of infrared beacons arranged in the tunnel model.

[0040] Among them, MR firefighting facilities are mainly customized drill props that can receive and transmit signals based on traditional firefighting facilities. They are used to simulate tunnel firefighting facilities. By operating the electronic switch, the corresponding events are sent to the head display via Bluetooth, linked with the virtual world, and the effects are presented in the virtual scene. The MR firefighting facilities in this platform mainly include MR portable fire extinguishers, MR alarms, MR fire water guns, and MR foam guns. Taking the MR portable fire extinguisher as an example, the positioning and tracking module is attached to the portable fire extinguisher and controlled via Bluetooth connection. The weight and feel are basically the same as those of a real portable fire extinguisher.

[0041] The tunnel disaster environment simulation facilities mainly include tunnel jet fans, heaters and automatic control equipment, etc., which simulate environmental conditions such as wind speed and temperature in tunnel disaster situations. Wind speed control part: A jet fan is set at one end of the tunnel physical model and installed on a movable bracket, so that the wind speed in the middle area of ​​the tunnel physical model (10m away from the end and 1.5-2m in height) can be controlled at 0-3m / s and remotely controlled by a frequency converter; a movable anemometer is set with a bracket to test the wind speed at 0-20m as needed. Among them, the curve of the tunnel fire accident environment characteristic data (1m away from the ignition point and 1.8m above the ground) is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0042] Thermal sensing part: a thermal sensing area is set up in the tunnel and heated by two heaters. The heaters are placed on a movable bracket facing the thermal sensing area. The output temperature is controllable, and the angle and direction of the heaters can be manually adjusted up, down, left, and right. Each heater surface is equipped with a thermocouple, and the thermal sensing area is equipped with two thermocouples (with brackets). The temperature of the thermal sensing area is adjustable from room temperature to 50℃. The background program controls the temperature of the thermal sensing area according to the specified heating curve (the program can import "temperature-time" data and then execute temperature control).

[0043] Control and display equipment: virtual simulation core equipment, used for controlling, displaying, and operating virtual scenes, and interacting with virtual content; including PLC, inverter, switching power supply and supporting control software, etc., mainly used for background control of fan speed, control of thermal zone temperature, etc.

[0044] Tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation system: It integrates virtual accident scenes based on the tunnel disaster accident evolution model, integrates the real tunnel scene with the tunnel disaster accident evolution model, and superimposes virtual vehicle, fire or collapse scenes on the real tunnel scene, finally forming a mixed reality disaster chain simulation platform. The mixed reality fusion platform is based on the Unity3D engine, and uses a touch screen and a mixed reality head display device as display and interaction devices; the mixed reality head display device uses infrared beacons for positioning.

[0045] Through this simulation platform, as shown in Table 1, tunnel managers, users and rescuers can simulate the occurrence and development process of four disaster accident scenarios, such as tunnel fire, explosion, collapse, and "fire-explosion-collapse" (displaying the apparent characteristics (smoke, flame spread, etc.) and characteristic data (temperature, thermal radiation, gas concentration changes, etc.), and feel the effects of different disaster handling methods.

[0046] Table 1 Tunnel disasters and accidents and their treatment

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Training and assessment on initial disaster handling (such as using portable fire extinguishers or fire hoses to put out fires) and escape are carried out for tunnel management personnel and users.

[0050] The training process of using the simulation platform is as follows:

[0051] 1) The computer is connected to the router via an Ethernet cable, and the MR headset is connected to the router via 5G band WIFI. Ensure that the computer and the headset are in the same local area network, and that the IP address of the headset is consistent with the IP address of the computer; the MR headset is connected to the MR fire-fighting facility via Bluetooth; start the environmental simulation facility and enter standby mode;

[0052] 2) Run the MR central control software on the computer, determine the head-mounted display device to be used, and select the accident scenario;

[0053] 3) Wear the head-mounted display device, watch the positioning board, and make sure that the demonstration content and positioning are normal;

[0054] 4) Conduct training according to system prompts, check the development of disasters and accidents in turn, and conduct training on alarm, initial fire fighting, and self-rescue and escape;

[0055] 5) After the training is completed, record the test results.

[0056] Through the above design, the simulation platform of the present invention is suitable for tunnel management personnel, users and rescue personnel. The above personnel can use the platform to simulate the occurrence and development process of four disaster accident scenes such as tunnel fire, explosion, collapse, and "fire-explosion-collapse" (displaying the apparent characteristics (smoke, flame spread, etc.) and characteristic data (temperature, thermal radiation, gas concentration changes, etc.), and feel the effects of different disaster handling methods; the simulated usage scenarios are more realistic.

[0057] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications that are made to the main design concept and spirit of the present invention and have no substantive significance, and the technical problems they solve are still consistent with the present invention, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model, characterized in that: include: Realistic tunnel scene: used to simulate real tunnel conditions and serve as a carrier for virtual scene fusion; Control and display equipment: virtual simulation core equipment, used for controlling, displaying, and operating virtual scenes, and interacting with virtual content; Tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation system: It integrates virtual accident scenarios based on the tunnel disaster accident evolution model, and realizes the fusion and superposition of virtual vehicle, fire or collapse scenarios in the real tunnel scene; The realistic tunnel scene is composed of a tunnel entity model, MR fire-fighting facilities and environmental simulation facilities; the tunnel entity model includes a tunnel model, a pedestrian crosswalk and a vehicle crosswalk configured in the tunnel model for tunnel safety, and a fire hydrant, a fire extinguisher and a manual alarm button arranged on one side of the tunnel model; and a number of infrared beacons placed within the tunnel model; The environmental simulation facilities include a tunnel jet fan, a heater and an automated control device; the jet fan is installed on a movable bracket and is remotely controlled by a frequency converter of the automated control device; a heat-sensing area is set in the tunnel model; the heat-sensing area is heated by two heaters, which are placed on a movable bracket facing the heat-sensing area, and the output temperature is controlled by the automated control device, and the angle and direction of the heater can be manually adjusted up, down, left, and right.

2. The tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation system is based on the Unity3D engine and uses a large touch screen and MR head display as display and interaction devices; the MR head display uses infrared beacons for positioning.

3. The tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The MR fire-fighting facilities are drill props that are modified from traditional fire-fighting facilities and can receive and transmit signals. They are used to simulate tunnel fire-fighting facilities. By operating the electronic switch, the corresponding events are sent to the MR headset via Bluetooth, and linked with the virtual world. The effects presented in the virtual scene include MR alarm buttons, MR portable fire extinguishers, MR fire water guns, and MR foam guns. A positioning and tracking module is installed on the MR fire-fighting facilities.

4. The tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The tunnel model is also provided with a mobile anemometer and a temperature sensor for testing and adjusting the wind speed and temperature in a local area of ​​the tunnel.

5. A method for constructing a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model, characterized in that: The method is used to construct a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model in combination with any one of claims 1 to 4; the method comprises the following steps: S1. Conduct research on typical disaster accidents and emergency response measures in tunnels. By collecting and analyzing typical disaster accident data and test data in tunnels, extract typical characteristic information and emergency response measures for fire, explosion and collapse accidents in long and large tunnels; S2, combined with the characteristic information of typical tunnel accidents, simulate the development of fire, explosion and collapse disasters in long and large tunnels, obtain the spatiotemporal evolution data of the disaster, and establish a tunnel disaster accident resource library combined with three-dimensional modeling; according to the configuration requirements of typical fire safety facilities in long and large tunnels, combined with the working characteristics of emergency response measures, use numerical simulation and three-dimensional modeling methods to establish an emergency response measure working model; S3, build realistic tunnel scenarios: according to the typical cross-sectional form, spatial scale and fire safety facility configuration requirements of long and large tunnels, establish a tunnel physical model, configure MR fire protection facilities and tunnel disaster environment simulation facilities, and build a realistic scenario for the tunnel disaster chain simulation platform; S4, based on mixed reality technology, organizes data centered on accident scenario simulation data and emergency response process data, builds a tunnel mixed reality disaster chain simulation system, and uses three-dimensional modeling and simulation engine methods, combined with external equipment and real scenes, to build long and large tunnel fire, explosion, collapse accidents and dynamic scenes of their disposal.

6. The method for constructing a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The construction method of the tunnel disaster accident evolution model includes the following steps: S41, numerically simulate typical tunnel accidents using professional disaster simulation software to obtain the spatiotemporal evolution data of the disaster; S42, combining 3D modeling software to form a tunnel disaster accident evolution model.

7. The method for constructing a tunnel disaster chain simulation platform based on MR and accident evolution model according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The typical tunnel accidents include fire, explosion, collapse, and "fire-explosion-collapse" accidents.

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