A quinoa intelligent planting system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of quinoa planting, and more particularly to a quinoa intelligent planting system, an image acquisition module for acquiring an image of quinoa heading stage, a growth trend analysis module for analyzing the development degree of quinoa spikes and soil nutritional status, a detection module for detecting soil electrical conductivity, light intensity and air humidity, a data module for storing the daily average water consumption of quinoa at each growth stage, a fertilization control unit for adjusting the fertilization interval duration or the amount of fertilizer when determining that the reason why the fertility of the soil does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval duration is long or the amount of fertilizer is small, a watering control unit for calculating a watering parameter to adjust the amount of watering when determining that the reason why the fertility of the soil does not meet the standard is that the amount of watering is insufficient, and the adjusted amount of watering is corrected according to the daily average water consumption of the current growth stage of quinoa, and an operation module includes a watering operation unit and a fertilization operation unit. The present invention improves the management efficiency of quinoa planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of quinoa planting, and in particular to a quinoa intelligent planting system. Background Art

[0002] China is a large agricultural country, but with the development of the times, the problems of traditional agriculture have gradually emerged. Therefore, it is imperative to introduce modern agricultural technology and management methods to achieve sustainable agricultural development, improve farmers' living standards, and meet people's demand for high-quality agricultural products.

[0003] Chinese patent application publication number: CN111436339A discloses a quinoa precision sowing and planting method, comprising the following steps: selecting soil suitable for quinoa growth, and deeply plowing the soil by 30 to 50 cm, applying base fertilizer to the deeply plowed soil, forming ridges on the soil with base fertilizer applied, with the ridge height being 10-20 cm and the ridge spacing being 40-50 cm, pre-treating quinoa seeds, and sowing the pre-treated quinoa seeds on the ridges and covering with film; spraying lime water around the ridges, and managing the quinoa in time, promoting the growth of quinoa by deeply plowing the land and applying base fertilizer; changing the soil microenvironment by sowing on the ridges and covering with film, thereby improving the survival rate of quinoa; and reducing the incidence of quinoa diseases and insect pests by reasonably controlling the row spacing and field management.

[0004] However, traditional agriculture has the following disadvantages:

[0005] 1. Traditional agricultural production efficiency is low and is greatly affected by factors such as weather, soil, and water resources, making it difficult to achieve precise production and management.

[0006] 2. The traditional agricultural production process lacks effective monitoring and management methods, making it difficult to ensure the quality of agricultural products.

[0007] 3. The level of sharing of traditional agricultural information resources is low, and information is difficult to share across regions and fields, resulting in insufficient coordination in agricultural production.

[0008] 4. Traditional agriculture faces a high risk of natural disasters and lacks effective response measures and risk management methods.

[0009] It can be seen that traditional agriculture has low management efficiency in quinoa cultivation, making it difficult to achieve precise production and management, and thus it is difficult to ensure the quality of agricultural products. Summary of the invention

[0010] To this end, the present invention provides a quinoa smart planting system to overcome the problems in the prior art of low management efficiency of quinoa planting in traditional agriculture, difficulty in achieving precise production and management, and thus difficulty in ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a quinoa smart planting system, comprising:

[0012] An image acquisition module, used to acquire images of quinoa at the heading stage;

[0013] A growth trend analysis module, which is connected to the image acquisition module and is used to extract the shape outline of the quinoa ear in the image and perform binarization processing to determine the development degree of the quinoa ear and the soil nutritional status;

[0014] A detection module, which is connected to the growth trend analysis module and is used to detect soil conductivity, light intensity and air humidity;

[0015] A data module to store the average daily water consumption of quinoa at each growth stage;

[0016] A control module, which is connected to the detection module and the data module respectively, and includes a fertilization control unit and a watering control unit that are connected to each other;

[0017] The fertilization control unit is used to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard according to the soil electrical conductivity, and if it is determined that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long or the fertilization amount is too small, adjust the fertilization interval or the fertilization amount;

[0018] The watering control unit calculates the watering parameter to adjust the watering amount when it is determined that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering, and corrects the adjusted watering amount according to the daily average water consumption of the quinoa in the current growth stage;

[0019] The operation module is connected to the control module and includes a watering operation unit for performing watering operations according to a set watering amount and a fertilization operation unit for performing fertilization operations according to a set fertilization interval duration and fertilization amount.

[0020] Furthermore, the growth trend analysis module extracts the shape contour of the quinoa ear in the image, the growth trend analysis module binarizes the extracted shape contour of the quinoa ear to obtain a binary image, the growth trend analysis module adjusts the binarization threshold of each binary image, and extracts the image portion that remains unchanged within a preset binarization threshold change range as a recognition image.

[0021] Furthermore, the growth trend analysis module calculates the area ratio of the identified image. If the area ratio is less than a preset area ratio, the growth trend analysis module determines that the quinoa development does not meet the standards and determines that the soil fertility does not meet the standards. The growth trend analysis module controls the detection module to detect the soil conductivity to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standards.

[0022] Furthermore, the fertilization control unit determines the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard based on the soil conductivity;

[0023] If the soil conductivity is less than a preset first soil conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering;

[0024] If the soil conductivity is greater than or equal to the first soil conductivity and less than a preset second soil conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long;

[0025] If the soil electrical conductivity is greater than or equal to the second soil electrical conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the amount of fertilizer applied is small.

[0026] Further, when the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long, a fertilization interval adjustment parameter is calculated, and the fertilization interval is adjusted based on the fertilization interval adjustment parameter. The fertilization control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the fertilization interval based on the fertilization interval adjustment parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the fertilization interval;

[0027] The fertilization interval time adjustment parameter is the difference between the soil conductivity and the second soil conductivity.

[0028] Further, when the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the fertility does not meet the standard is that the amount of fertilizer is small, the fertilization amount adjustment parameter is calculated, and the fertilization amount is adjusted based on the fertilization amount adjustment parameter. The fertilization control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the fertilization amount based on the fertilization amount adjustment parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the fertilization amount;

[0029] The fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is the difference between the soil electrical conductivity and the second soil electrical conductivity.

[0030] Furthermore, when the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering, the watering control unit calculates the watering parameter according to the following formula and sets:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, F is the watering parameter, D is the daily average light intensity, D0 is the preset standard light intensity, S is the air humidity, and S0 is the preset standard air humidity.

[0033] Furthermore, the watering regulation unit regulates the watering amount based on the watering parameter. The watering regulation unit is provided with a plurality of regulating methods for the watering amount based on the watering parameter, and each method has a different regulating range for the watering amount.

[0034] Furthermore, the watering control unit obtains the daily average water consumption of the quinoa in the current growth stage to determine whether to correct the adjusted watering amount;

[0035] Among them, if the daily average water consumption of quinoa in the current growth stage is greater than the daily average water consumption threshold, the watering regulation unit determines that the adjusted watering amount needs to be corrected.

[0036] Furthermore, when the watering control unit determines that the adjusted watering amount needs to be corrected, it calculates a watering amount correction parameter, and the watering control unit corrects the adjusted watering amount based on the watering amount correction parameter. The watering control unit is provided with several correction methods for the adjusted watering amount based on the watering amount correction parameter, and each method has a different correction amplitude for the watering amount.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that the present invention determines the development degree of quinoa ears by acquiring images of quinoa in the heading stage. If the development degree of quinoa ears does not meet the standards, it indicates that the soil fertility is insufficient. Then, the soil electrical conductivity is detected to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standards, thereby improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, realizing precise production and management, and thus ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0038] Furthermore, the present invention detects the degree of development of quinoa ears to determine whether the soil fertility meets the standard, and adjusts the amount of fertilizer, fertilization interval and watering of quinoa in real time by detecting soil conductivity, light intensity and air humidity, thereby ensuring the growth needs of quinoa, improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, and realizing precise production and management, thereby ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0039] Furthermore, the present invention detects soil electrical conductivity to determine why the soil fertility does not meet the standards. Soil electrical conductivity is related to the content of trace elements in the soil and soil moisture. By detecting soil electrical conductivity, the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standards is determined, thereby improving the accuracy of soil fertility judgment, further improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, and realizing precise production and management, thereby ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0040] Furthermore, the present invention ensures the needs of quinoa during the growth process by adjusting the fertilization interval and the amount of fertilizer, and controls the operation module to perform automatic operation through the regulation module, thereby reducing the workload of planting personnel, improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, and realizing precise production and management, thereby ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0041] Furthermore, the present invention calculates a watering parameter, which is a representative parameter of the amount of watering for quinoa and is related to light intensity and air humidity. When the light intensity is greater and the air humidity is smaller, the amount of watering is greater. By calculating the watering parameter and adjusting the amount of watering, the required amount of water for the growth of quinoa can be met while avoiding the effect of excessive watering on the growth of quinoa, thereby further improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting and realizing precise production and management, thereby ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0042] Furthermore, since the water consumption of quinoa is different in different growth stages, the watering control unit of the present invention corrects the adjusted watering amount according to the daily average water consumption of quinoa in the current growth stage, further ensuring the required water amount during the growth of quinoa, thereby further improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, realizing precise production and management, and thus ensuring the quality of agricultural products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the quinoa smart planting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a further structural block diagram of the quinoa smart planting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the control module in the quinoa smart planting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the operation module in the quinoa smart planting system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be pointed out that the data in this embodiment are all obtained by the quinoa smart planting system of the present invention based on historical control data and corresponding data statistics in previous quinoa planting processes, water and fertilizer control experiments, and comprehensive analysis based on experimental results; those skilled in the art can understand that the quinoa smart planting system of the present invention can determine the above-mentioned single parameter in a manner such as selecting the value with the highest proportion as the preset standard parameter according to the data distribution, as long as the present invention can clearly define the different specific situations in the single determination process through the acquired values.

[0052] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the quinoa smart planting system of the present invention comprises:

[0053] An image acquisition module, used to acquire images of quinoa at the heading stage;

[0054] A growth trend analysis module, which is connected to the image acquisition module and is used to extract the shape outline of the quinoa ear in the image and perform binarization processing to determine the development degree of the quinoa ear and the soil nutritional status;

[0055] A detection module, which is connected to the growth trend analysis module and is used to detect soil conductivity, light intensity and air humidity;

[0056] A data module to store the average daily water consumption of quinoa at each growth stage;

[0057] A control module, which is connected to the detection module and the data module respectively, and includes a fertilization control unit and a watering control unit that are connected to each other;

[0058] The fertilization control unit is used to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard according to the soil electrical conductivity, and if it is determined that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long or the fertilization amount is too small, adjust the fertilization interval or the fertilization amount;

[0059] The watering control unit calculates the watering parameter to adjust the watering amount when it is determined that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering, and corrects the adjusted watering amount according to the daily average water consumption of the quinoa in the current growth stage;

[0060] The operation module is connected to the control module and includes a watering operation unit for performing watering operations according to a set watering amount and a fertilization operation unit for performing fertilization operations according to a set fertilization interval duration and fertilization amount.

[0061] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the detection module in this embodiment includes but is not limited to a sensor for detecting soil conductivity, a light intensity detector for detecting light intensity, and a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting air humidity, and may also include a soil moisture monitoring station, a meteorological monitoring station, etc.

[0062] The image acquisition module in this embodiment is preferably a drone carrying a high-definition camera.

[0063] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the operation module is preferably an integrated water and fertilizer machine.

[0064] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the average daily water consumption of quinoa at each growth stage stored in the data module is obtained through historical planting data.

[0065] The present invention determines the development degree of quinoa ears by acquiring images of quinoa at the heading stage. If the development degree of quinoa ears does not meet the standard, it indicates that the soil fertility is insufficient. Then, the soil electrical conductivity is detected to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard, thereby improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, realizing precise production and management, and thus ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0066] The present invention detects the degree of development of quinoa ears to determine whether the soil fertility meets the standard, and adjusts the amount of fertilizer, fertilization interval and watering of quinoa in real time by detecting soil conductivity, light intensity and air humidity, thereby ensuring the growth needs of quinoa, improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, realizing precise production and management, and thus ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0067] Specifically, the growth trend analysis module extracts the shape contour of the quinoa ear in the image, the growth trend analysis module binarizes the extracted shape contour of the quinoa ear to obtain a binary image, the growth trend analysis module adjusts the binarization threshold of each binary image, and extracts the image portion that remains unchanged within a preset binarization threshold change range as a recognition image.

[0068] Specifically, the growth trend analysis module calculates the area ratio of the identified image. If the area ratio is less than the preset area ratio, the growth trend analysis module determines that the quinoa development does not meet the standards and that the soil fertility does not meet the standards. The growth trend analysis module controls the detection module to detect the soil conductivity to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standards.

[0069] Specifically, the fertilization control unit determines the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard based on the soil conductivity;

[0070] If the soil conductivity is less than a preset first soil conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering;

[0071] If the soil conductivity is greater than or equal to the first soil conductivity and less than a preset second soil conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long;

[0072] If the soil electrical conductivity is greater than or equal to the second soil electrical conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the amount of fertilizer applied is small.

[0073] The present invention detects soil electrical conductivity to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standards. The soil electrical conductivity is related to the content of trace elements in the soil and the soil moisture. By detecting the soil electrical conductivity, the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standards is determined, thereby improving the accuracy of soil fertility judgment, further improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, realizing precise production and management, and thus ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0074] Specifically, when the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long, the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is calculated, and the fertilization interval is adjusted based on the fertilization interval adjustment parameter. The fertilization control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the fertilization interval based on the fertilization interval adjustment parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the fertilization interval;

[0075] The fertilization interval time adjustment parameter is the difference between the soil conductivity and the second soil conductivity.

[0076] The present invention ensures the needs of quinoa during the growth process by adjusting the fertilization interval and the amount of fertilizer, and controls the operation module to perform automatic operation through the regulation module, thereby reducing the workload of planting personnel, improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, and realizing precise production and management, thereby ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0077] Specifically, the fertilization control unit is provided with a first preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter and a second preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter, the first preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter is smaller than the second preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter, and the fertilization control unit compares the fertilization interval time adjustment parameter with the first preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter and the second preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter respectively to adjust the fertilization interval time, wherein:

[0078] If the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is less than the first preset fertilization interval comparison parameter, the fertilization control unit selects the first preset fertilization interval adjustment coefficient α1 to adjust the fertilization interval, and sets the adjusted fertilization interval M=M0×α1;

[0079] If the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset fertilization interval comparison parameter and less than the second preset fertilization interval comparison parameter, the fertilization control unit selects the second preset fertilization interval adjustment coefficient α2 to adjust the fertilization interval, and sets the adjusted fertilization interval M=M0×α2;

[0080] If the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset fertilization interval comparison parameter, the fertilization control unit selects the third preset fertilization interval adjustment coefficient α3 to adjust the fertilization interval, and sets the adjusted fertilization interval M=M0×α3;

[0081] Among them, 0.85<α3<α2<α1<1, preferably α1=0.95, α2=0.92, α2=0.89, M0 is the preset standard fertilization interval duration, and M0 can be set and adjusted according to actual needs.

[0082] Specifically, when the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the fertility does not meet the standard is that the amount of fertilizer is small, the fertilization amount adjustment parameter is calculated, and the fertilization amount is adjusted based on the fertilization amount adjustment parameter. The fertilization control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the fertilization amount based on the fertilization amount adjustment parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the fertilization amount;

[0083] The fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is the difference between the soil electrical conductivity and the second soil electrical conductivity.

[0084] Specifically, the fertilization control unit is provided with a first pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter and a second pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter, the first pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter is less than the second pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter, and the fertilization control unit compares the fertilization amount adjustment parameter with the first pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter and the second pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter respectively to adjust the fertilization amount, wherein:

[0085] If the fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is less than the first preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter, the fertilizer control unit selects the first preset fertilizer amount adjustment coefficient β1 to adjust the fertilizer amount, and sets the adjusted fertilizer amount L=L0×β1;

[0086] If the fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter and less than the second preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter, the fertilizer control unit selects the second preset fertilizer amount adjustment coefficient β2 to adjust the fertilizer amount, and sets the adjusted fertilizer amount L=L0×β2;

[0087] If the fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter, the fertilizer control unit selects the third preset fertilizer amount adjustment coefficient β3 to adjust the fertilizer amount, and sets the adjusted fertilizer amount L=L0×β3;

[0088] Among them, 1<β1<β2<β3<1.3, preferably β3=1.25, β2=1.2, β1=1.5, and L0 is the preset standard fertilizer amount.

[0089] Specifically, when the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering, the watering control unit calculates the watering parameter according to the following formula and sets:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, F is the watering parameter, D is the daily average light intensity, D0 is the preset standard light intensity, S is the air humidity, and S0 is the preset standard air humidity.

[0092] The present invention calculates a watering parameter, which is a representative parameter of the amount of watering for quinoa and is related to light intensity and air humidity. When the light intensity is greater and the air humidity is smaller, the amount of watering is greater. By calculating the watering parameter and adjusting the amount of watering, the required amount of water in the growth process of quinoa can be met, and the influence of excessive watering on the growth of quinoa can be avoided, thereby further improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, realizing precise production and management, and thus ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0093] Specifically, the watering control unit adjusts the watering amount based on the watering parameter. The watering control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the watering amount based on the watering parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the watering amount.

[0094] Specifically, the watering control unit is provided with a first preset watering comparison amount and a second preset watering comparison amount, the first preset watering comparison amount is less than the second preset watering comparison amount, and the watering control unit compares the watering parameter with the first preset watering comparison amount and the second preset watering comparison amount respectively to adjust the watering amount, wherein:

[0095] If the watering parameter is less than the first preset watering comparison amount, the watering control unit selects the first preset watering amount adjustment coefficient γ1 to adjust the watering amount, and sets the adjusted watering amount T=T0×γ1;

[0096] If the watering parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset watering comparison amount and less than the second preset watering comparison amount, the watering control unit selects the second preset watering amount adjustment coefficient γ2 to adjust the watering amount, and sets the adjusted watering amount T=T0×γ2;

[0097] If the watering parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset watering comparison amount, the watering control unit selects the third preset watering amount adjustment coefficient γ3 to adjust the watering amount, and sets the adjusted watering amount T=T0×γ3;

[0098] Among them, 1.05<γ1<γ2<γ3<1.45, preferably γ3=1.4, γ2=1.3, γ1=1.25, T0 is the preset standard watering amount, and T0 can be set and adjusted according to actual needs.

[0099] Specifically, the watering control unit obtains the average daily water consumption of quinoa in the current growth stage to determine whether to correct the adjusted watering amount;

[0100] Wherein, if the daily average water consumption of quinoa in the current growth stage is less than or equal to the daily average water consumption threshold, the watering control unit determines that there is no need to correct the adjusted watering amount;

[0101] If the daily average water consumption of quinoa in the current growth stage is greater than the daily average water consumption threshold, the watering regulation unit determines that the adjusted watering amount needs to be corrected.

[0102] Specifically, when the watering control unit determines that the adjusted watering amount needs to be corrected, it calculates a watering amount correction parameter, and the watering control unit corrects the adjusted watering amount based on the watering amount correction parameter. The watering control unit is provided with several correction methods for the adjusted watering amount based on the watering amount correction parameter, and each method has a different correction amplitude for the watering amount.

[0103] Specifically, the watering control unit is provided with a first preset watering amount correction parameter and a second preset watering amount correction parameter, the first preset watering amount correction parameter is less than the second preset watering amount correction parameter, and the watering control unit compares the watering amount correction parameter with the first preset watering amount correction parameter and the second preset watering amount correction parameter respectively to correct the adjusted watering amount, wherein:

[0104] If the watering amount correction parameter is less than the first preset watering amount correction parameter, the watering control unit selects the first preset watering amount correction coefficient e1 to correct the adjusted watering amount, and sets the corrected watering amount T′=T×e1;

[0105] If the watering amount correction parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset watering amount correction parameter and less than the second preset watering amount correction parameter, the watering control unit selects the second preset watering amount correction coefficient e2 to correct the adjusted watering amount and sets the corrected watering amount T′=T×e2;

[0106] If the watering amount correction parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset watering amount correction parameter, the watering control unit selects the third preset watering amount correction coefficient e3 to correct the adjusted watering amount, and sets the corrected watering amount T′=T×e3;

[0107] Among them, 1.2<e1<e2<e3<1.5, preferably e1=1.26, e2=1.35, e3=1.47, and T is the calculated adjusted watering amount.

[0108] Since quinoa requires different amounts of water at different growth stages, the watering control unit of the present invention corrects the adjusted watering amount according to the average daily water consumption of the quinoa at the current growth stage, further ensuring the required amount of water during the growth of quinoa, thereby further improving the management efficiency of quinoa planting, realizing precise production and management, and thus ensuring the quality of agricultural products.

[0109] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0110] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quinoa intelligent planting system, characterized in that: include: An image acquisition module, used to acquire images of quinoa at the heading stage; A growth trend analysis module, which is connected to the image acquisition module and is used to extract the shape outline of the quinoa ear in the image and perform binarization processing to determine the development degree of the quinoa ear and the soil nutritional status; A detection module, which is connected to the growth trend analysis module and is used to detect soil conductivity, light intensity and air humidity; A data module to store the average daily water consumption of quinoa at each growth stage; A control module, which is connected to the detection module and the data module respectively, and includes a fertilization control unit and a watering control unit that are connected to each other; The fertilization control unit is used to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard according to the soil electrical conductivity, and if it is determined that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long or the fertilization amount is too small, adjust the fertilization interval or the fertilization amount; The watering control unit calculates the watering parameter to adjust the watering amount when it is determined that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering, and corrects the adjusted watering amount according to the daily average water consumption of the quinoa in the current growth stage; An operation module, which is connected to the control module, and includes a watering operation unit for performing watering operations according to a set watering amount and a fertilization operation unit for performing fertilization operations according to a set fertilization interval and fertilization amount; The fertilization control unit determines the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard according to the soil conductivity; If the soil conductivity is less than a preset first soil conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering; If the soil conductivity is greater than or equal to the first soil conductivity and less than a preset second soil conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long; If the soil electrical conductivity is greater than or equal to the second soil electrical conductivity, the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the amount of fertilizer applied is small; When the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standard is that the fertilization interval is too long, the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is calculated, and the fertilization interval is adjusted based on the fertilization interval adjustment parameter. The fertilization control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the fertilization interval based on the fertilization interval adjustment parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the fertilization interval; The fertilization interval adjustment parameter is the difference between the soil conductivity and the second soil conductivity; The fertilization control unit is provided with a first preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter and a second preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter, the first preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter is smaller than the second preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter, and the fertilization control unit compares the fertilization interval time adjustment parameter with the first preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter and the second preset fertilization interval time comparison parameter respectively to adjust the fertilization interval time, wherein: If the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is less than the first preset fertilization interval comparison parameter, the fertilization control unit selects the first preset fertilization interval adjustment coefficient α1 to adjust the fertilization interval, and sets the adjusted fertilization interval M=M0×α1; If the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset fertilization interval comparison parameter and less than the second preset fertilization interval comparison parameter, the fertilization control unit selects the second preset fertilization interval adjustment coefficient α2 to adjust the fertilization interval, and sets the adjusted fertilization interval M=M0×α2; If the fertilization interval adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset fertilization interval comparison parameter, the fertilization control unit selects the third preset fertilization interval adjustment coefficient α3 to adjust the fertilization interval, and sets the adjusted fertilization interval M=M0×α3; Among them, 0.85<α3<α2<α1<1, M0 is the preset standard fertilization interval duration, and M0 can be set and adjusted according to actual needs; When the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the fertility does not meet the standard is that the amount of fertilizer is small, the fertilization amount adjustment parameter is calculated, and the fertilization amount is adjusted based on the fertilization amount adjustment parameter. The fertilization control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the fertilization amount based on the fertilization amount adjustment parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the fertilization amount; The fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is the difference between the soil conductivity and the second soil conductivity; The fertilization control unit is provided with a first pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter and a second pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter, the first pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter is smaller than the second pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter, and the fertilization control unit compares the fertilization amount adjustment parameter with the first pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter and the second pre-set fertilization amount comparison parameter respectively to adjust the fertilization amount, wherein: If the fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is less than the first preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter, the fertilizer control unit selects the first preset fertilizer amount adjustment coefficient β1 to adjust the fertilizer amount, and sets the adjusted fertilizer amount L=L0×β1; If the fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter and less than the second preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter, the fertilizer control unit selects the second preset fertilizer amount adjustment coefficient β2 to adjust the fertilizer amount, and sets the adjusted fertilizer amount L=L0×β2; If the fertilizer amount adjustment parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset fertilizer amount comparison parameter, the fertilizer control unit selects the third preset fertilizer amount adjustment coefficient β3 to adjust the fertilizer amount, and sets the adjusted fertilizer amount L=L0×β3; Among them, 1<β1<β2<β3<1.3, L0 is the preset standard fertilizer amount; When the fertilization control unit determines that the reason why the fertility does not meet the standard is insufficient watering, the watering control unit calculates the watering parameter according to the following formula and sets: ， Among them, F is the watering parameter, D is the daily average light intensity, D0 is the preset standard light intensity, S is the air humidity, and S0 is the preset standard air humidity; The watering control unit adjusts the watering amount based on the watering parameter. The watering control unit is provided with a plurality of adjustment methods for the watering amount based on the watering parameter, and each method has a different adjustment range for the watering amount; The watering control unit is provided with a first preset watering comparison amount and a second preset watering comparison amount, the first preset watering comparison amount is less than the second preset watering comparison amount, and the watering control unit compares the watering parameter with the first preset watering comparison amount and the second preset watering comparison amount respectively to adjust the watering amount, wherein: If the watering parameter is less than the first preset watering comparison amount, the watering control unit selects the first preset watering amount adjustment coefficient γ1 to adjust the watering amount, and sets the adjusted watering amount T=T0×γ1; If the watering parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset watering comparison amount and less than the second preset watering comparison amount, the watering control unit selects the second preset watering amount adjustment coefficient γ2 to adjust the watering amount, and sets the adjusted watering amount T=T0×γ2; If the watering parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset watering comparison amount, the watering control unit selects the third preset watering amount adjustment coefficient γ3 to adjust the watering amount, and sets the adjusted watering amount T=T0×γ3; Among them, 1.05<γ1<γ2<γ3<1.45, T0 is the preset standard watering amount, and T0 can be set and adjusted according to actual needs.

2. The quinoa smart planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The growth trend analysis module extracts the shape contour of the quinoa ear in the image, and the growth trend analysis module binarizes the extracted shape contour of the quinoa ear to obtain a binary image. The growth trend analysis module adjusts the binarization threshold of each binary image, and extracts the image portion that remains unchanged within a preset binarization threshold change range as a recognition image.

3. The quinoa smart planting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The growth trend analysis module calculates the area ratio of the identified image. If the area ratio is less than the preset area ratio, the growth trend analysis module determines that the quinoa development does not meet the standards and that the soil fertility does not meet the standards. The growth trend analysis module controls the detection module to detect the soil conductivity to determine the reason why the soil fertility does not meet the standards.

4. The quinoa smart planting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The watering control unit obtains the daily average water consumption of quinoa in the current growth stage to determine whether to correct the adjusted watering amount; Among them, if the daily average water consumption of quinoa in the current growth stage is greater than the daily average water consumption threshold, the watering regulation unit determines that the adjusted watering amount needs to be corrected.

5. The quinoa smart planting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the watering control unit determines that the adjusted watering amount needs to be corrected, a watering amount correction parameter is calculated, and the watering control unit corrects the adjusted watering amount based on the watering amount correction parameter. The watering control unit is provided with a plurality of correction methods for the adjusted watering amount based on the watering amount correction parameter, and each method has a different correction amplitude for the watering amount; The watering control unit is provided with a first preset watering amount correction parameter and a second preset watering amount correction parameter, the first preset watering amount correction parameter is less than the second preset watering amount correction parameter, and the watering control unit compares the watering amount correction parameter with the first preset watering amount correction parameter and the second preset watering amount correction parameter respectively to correct the adjusted watering amount, wherein: If the watering amount correction parameter is less than the first preset watering amount correction parameter, the watering control unit selects the first preset watering amount correction coefficient e1 to correct the adjusted watering amount, and sets the corrected watering amount T′=T×e1; If the watering amount correction parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset watering amount correction parameter and less than the second preset watering amount correction parameter, the watering control unit selects the second preset watering amount correction coefficient e2 to correct the adjusted watering amount and sets the corrected watering amount T′=T×e2; If the watering amount correction parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset watering amount correction parameter, the watering control unit selects the third preset watering amount correction coefficient e3 to correct the adjusted watering amount, and sets the corrected watering amount T′=T×e3; Among them, 1.2<e1<e2<e3<1.5, and T is the calculated adjusted watering amount.

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