A pot-making machine for seedlings

Abstract

This invention discloses a seedling pot-making machine, including a frame and a seedling pot-forming device and a seedling pot ejection device mounted on the frame. The seedling pot-forming device includes a seedling pot-forming conveying device with a seedling pot-forming bottom groove, a bottom material compaction device for compacting the bottom material in the seedling pot-forming bottom groove, and a pot-forming mechanism for pressing the seedlings into uniform-sized pots in the bottom groove. The seedling pot ejection device includes a seedling pusher and an ejection telescopic component for driving the pusher to eject the uniform-sized pots from the seedling pot-forming bottom groove. This invention drives the seedling pot-forming groove through the seedling pot-forming conveying device, sequentially passing it through the bottom material compaction device and the pot-forming mechanism. The bottom material compaction device then compacts the bottom material in the seedling pot-forming groove, and the pot-forming mechanism further presses the roots of non-standard seedlings into uniform-sized pots, thereby achieving automated forming of standard seedlings from non-standard seedlings into uniform-sized pots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a seedling potting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Rapeseed cultivation mainly employs two planting methods: direct seeding and transplanting. Direct seeding offers advantages in terms of time and labor savings. However, in Hunan, where winter fallow fields are primarily double-cropping rice paddies, the seasonal conflict between crops is significant. The suitable window for direct seeding of winter rapeseed is only about 10 days, requiring a large number of direct seeding machines to operate continuously simultaneously, resulting in immense pressure for short-term operations. Transplanting, as a mature and traditional rapeseed planting method in the Yangtze River basin, can extend the rapeseed planting window in double-cropping rice paddies to about 30 days through advance seedling cultivation. This effectively alleviates the seasonal conflict between late rice harvesting and rapeseed planting, and offers advantages such as high seedling survival rates, regular plant distribution in the field, ease of later field management, and high yields. Therefore, conducting research on rapeseed transplanting technology and equipment, and constructing a rapeseed planting model that combines mechanized transplanting and mechanized direct seeding, is beneficial for promoting the mechanization and industrialization of rapeseed cultivation in winter fallow fields in southern China, increasing the rapeseed planting area, and raising the total rapeseed yield.

[0003] Rapeseed cultivation is divided into two methods: transplanting and direct seeding. Currently, there is a large area of ​​fallow land in winter where rapeseed is grown. The rational use of mechanized rapeseed production can greatly promote the development of the rapeseed planting industry. At present, most winter rapeseed growing areas have tight crop rotation schedules. If mechanized transplanting is used to undertake part of the rapeseed planting task, it can not only alleviate the crop rotation problem but also improve the survival rate of seedlings, resulting in significant cost savings, increased yields, and increased income.

[0004] Based on different seedling raising methods, mechanized transplanting is mainly divided into several categories: tray seedling transplanting, pot seedling transplanting, mat seedling transplanting, bare seedling transplanting, and substrate block seedling transplanting. Domestic and international scholars have designed different types of transplanting equipment for different seedling raising methods. However, the aforementioned seedling raising and transplanting methods and equipment are difficult to fully automate due to the complex field working environment and insufficient stability of the seedling-taking equipment during continuous operation. Furthermore, seed germination rate during seedling raising and the robustness of seedlings before transplanting significantly affect planting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a pot-making machine for seedlings.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a pot-shaped seedling making machine, including a frame and a pot-shaped seedling forming device and a pot-shaped seedling ejection device installed on the frame. The pot-shaped seedling forming device includes a pot-shaped seedling forming conveying device with a pot-shaped seedling forming bottom groove, a bottom material compaction device for compacting nutrient soil at the bottom of the pot-shaped seedling forming bottom groove, and a pot-shaped mechanism for pressing the seedlings into uniform-sized seedling pots in the pot-shaped seedling forming bottom groove. The pot-shaped seedling ejection device includes a seedling pusher and an ejection telescopic component for driving the seedling pusher to eject the uniform-sized seedling pots out of the pot-shaped seedling forming bottom groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom material compaction device includes a first material feeding mechanism, a first receiving box, a first material feeding plate, a bottom material compaction mold, a bottom material compaction mold telescopic component, and a first material feeding plate telescopic component. The output port of the first material feeding mechanism is connected to the upper input end of the first receiving box, and the lower input end of the first receiving box is in sealed sliding contact with the first material feeding plate. The first material feeding plate is provided with a plurality of first material feeding holes corresponding to the bottom groove of the potted seedling. The first material feeding plate telescopic component drives the first material feeding holes of the first material feeding plate to reciprocate between the lower output end of the first receiving box and the top of the bottom groove. The bottom material compaction mold telescopic component drives the bottom material compaction mold to pass through the first material feeding holes and compact the material into the bottom groove of the potted seedling.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom material compaction device includes a first lower push plate and a first lower push plate telescopic component. The first lower push plate is in sealed sliding contact with the lower end of the first material dropping plate, and the first lower push plate telescopic component drives the first lower push plate to open and close the bottom of the first material dropping hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the potted seedling forming conveying device includes a circulating drive component and multiple potted seedling forming lower molds with potted seedling forming bottom grooves. The potted seedling forming lower molds located below the first material dropping plate are provided with first anti-leakage plates on both sides. The bottom of the bottom material compaction mold is provided with a V-shaped tip forming the seedling groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the pot-forming mechanism includes a second material feeding mechanism, a second receiving box, a second material feeding plate, an upper mold for pot-shaped seedlings, a telescopic component for the upper mold for pot-shaped seedlings, and a telescopic component for the second material feeding plate. The output port of the second material feeding mechanism is connected to the upper input end of the second receiving box, and the lower input end of the second receiving box is in sealed sliding contact with the second material feeding plate. The second material feeding plate is provided with a plurality of second material feeding holes corresponding to the bottom groove of the pot-shaped seedlings. The telescopic component of the second material feeding plate drives the second material feeding holes of the second material feeding plate to reciprocate between the lower output end of the second receiving box and the top of the bottom groove of the pot-shaped seedlings. The telescopic component of the upper mold for pot-shaped seedlings drives the upper mold for pot-shaped seedlings to pass through the second material feeding holes to press the nutrient soil and bare seedlings into uniform-sized seedling pots in the bottom groove of the pot-shaped seedlings.

[0011] Furthermore, the bowl forming mechanism includes a second push plate and a second push plate telescopic component. The second push plate is in sealed sliding contact with the lower end of the second discharge plate, and the second push plate telescopic component drives the second push plate to open and close the bottom of the second discharge hole.

[0012] Furthermore, a second leak-proof plate is provided on one side of the lower mold for forming the potted seedlings located below the second material dropping plate. The second leak-proof plate is provided with a second leak-proof plate hole that can seal with the seedling pusher. On the other side of the lower mold for forming the potted seedlings located below the second material dropping plate, an upper leak-proof plate, a lower leak-proof plate, and a leak-proof plate driving assembly for driving the upper and lower leak-proof plates to move relative to each other are provided. The upper and lower leak-proof plates are provided with avoidance grooves for avoiding the bare seedling stem.

[0013] Furthermore, the leak-proof plate driving assembly includes a leak-proof plate driving motor, a synchronous belt assembly, and a lead screw assembly. The lead screw assembly is installed on both sides of the upper and lower leak-proof plates. The two ends of the upper and lower leak-proof plates are fixedly connected to the nuts of the lead screw assembly. The lead screw of the lead screw assembly is driven by the leak-proof plate driving motor. The lead screws of the two lead screw assemblies rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt assembly to drive the upper and lower leak-proof plates to move synchronously relative to each other.

[0014] Furthermore, both the first and second material feeding mechanisms include a material box, a conveyor belt, and a conveyor belt drive motor. The material box is equipped with a stirring impeller, and the conveyor belt is installed at the bottom outlet of the material box. The conveyor belt drive motor drives the conveyor belt to transport nutrient soil to the second receiving box or the first receiving box.

[0015] Furthermore, a seedling output device is provided on one side of the seedling forming and conveying device. The seedling output device includes a seedling conveying chain assembly. L-plates are provided on the links of the conveying chain of the seedling conveying chain assembly, and adjacent L-plates form a seedling receiving trough.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention utilizes a seedling forming and conveying device to drive a seedling forming trough through a bottom material compaction device and a seedling forming mechanism. The bottom material compaction device compacts the nutrient soil at the bottom of the seedling forming trough, and the seedling forming mechanism further compresses the roots of non-standard seedlings into uniformly sized seedling pots. This achieves automated forming of standard seedlings from non-standard seedlings into uniformly sized pots. Furthermore, the seedling forming process of this invention eliminates the need for indoor tray seedling cultivation, effectively reducing seedling costs. The seedlings formed by this pot-making machine are small in size and highly stable. Multiple seedlings can be connected in series to form a cake shape, eliminating the need for a seedling removal stage during transplanting. The fully automated transplanting operation is achieved simply by delivering and planting the seedlings, significantly improving transplanting efficiency. It also enables precise delivery of nutrient soil, completely solving the problem of adhesion. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the pot-making machine for seedlings disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the base material compaction device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a first isometric schematic diagram of the bowl-forming mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a second isometric schematic diagram of the bowl-forming mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a third axonometric schematic diagram of the bowl-forming mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation of the second receiving box, the second dropping plate, and the second push plate (or the first receiving box, the first dropping plate, and the first push plate) disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the second blanking plate (or the first blanking plate) disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the base material compaction mold and the lower base disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the upper mold and the lower base for forming the bowl body, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Rack;

[0030] 2. Base material compaction device; 21. First material dropping mechanism; 22. First receiving box; 23. Conveyor belt drive motor; 24. Sprocket and chain assembly; 25. Material box; 26. Conveyor belt; 27. Base material compaction mold telescopic component; 28. First guide rail slider assembly; 29. ​​Base material compaction mold; 210. First material dropping plate; 211. First material dropping plate telescopic component; 212. First push plate; 213. First push plate telescopic component; 214. First connecting plate; 215. First connecting block; 216. Base material compaction mold telescopic component mounting plate; 217. First material dropping hole; 218. First leak-proof plate;

[0031] 3. Pot-forming mechanism; 31. Second unloading mechanism; 32. Second receiving box; 35. Telescopic component of upper mold for pot-forming seedlings; 36. Second guide rail slider assembly; 37. Telescopic component of second unloading plate; 38. Second unloading plate; 39. Telescopic component of second lower push plate; 310. Second lower push plate; 311. Upper mold for pot-forming seedlings; 312. Synchronous belt assembly; 313. Leak-proof plate drive motor; 314. Screw assembly; 315. Upper leak-proof plate; 316. Lower leak-proof plate; 323. Second unloading hole; 324. Second leak-proof plate; 325. Second leak-proof plate hole; 326. Clearance groove; 327. Second connecting plate; 328. Mounting plate for telescopic component of upper mold for pot-forming seedlings;

[0032] 4. Seedling output device; 41. Conveyor chain; 42. L-plate;

[0033] 5. Seedling ejection device; 51. Seedling pusher; 52. Ejection telescopic component; 53. Seedling pusher mounting plate; 54. Seedling pusher guide rail slider assembly; 55. Ejection telescopic component mounting plate;

[0034] 6. Control system;

[0035] 7. Seedling forming and conveying device; 71. Seedling forming bottom trough; 72. Circulation drive component; 73. Seedling forming lower mold. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1-9As shown, this embodiment of the invention discloses a potted seedling making machine, including a frame 1 and a potted seedling forming device and a potted seedling ejection device 5 mounted on the frame 1. Furthermore, a control system 6 and a potted seedling output device 4 are also installed on the frame 1. The control system 6 controls various operating parts of the potted seedling making machine, and the potted seedling output device 4 transports the pressed seedling pots of uniform specifications to the next process. The potted seedling forming device includes a potted seedling forming conveying device 7 with a potted seedling forming bottom groove 71, a bottom material compaction device 2 for compacting the bottom material in the potted seedling forming bottom groove 71, and a potting forming mechanism 3 for pressing the seedlings of uniform specifications into pots within the potted seedling forming bottom groove 71. In this embodiment, non-standard seedlings are those that are pressed into pots of uniform specifications in this application, as opposed to standard potted seedlings. Non-standard seedlings include bare seedlings with a small amount of nutrient soil at the roots and bare seedlings with almost no nutrient soil at the roots. After the non-standard seedlings are wrapped with nutrient soil around their roots in the pot-shaped seedling forming groove 71, they are integrally pressed and formed (the nutrient soil in this application includes soil, fertilizer, and other materials suitable for the transplanting and growth of non-standard seedlings). The pot-shaped seedling ejection device 5 includes a seedling pusher 51 and an ejection telescopic component 52 for driving the seedling pusher 51 to eject the uniform-sized seedling pots from the pot-shaped seedling forming groove 71. In this embodiment, the seedling pusher 51 has a cylindrical structure, and the main structure of the ejection telescopic component 52 is an electric push rod. The end of the electric push rod is equipped with a seedling pusher mounting plate 53. Multiple seedling pushers 51 are evenly distributed on the seedling pusher mounting plate 53, each corresponding to a one-to-one position in the pot-shaped seedling forming groove 71. At the same time, in order to ensure the movement accuracy of the seedling pushers 51, the seedling pusher mounting plate 53 is mounted on the ejection telescopic component mounting plate 55 through a seedling pusher guide slider assembly 54. The ejection telescopic component mounting plate 55 is fixed relative to the frame 1 by an adapter. Thus, the seedling forming conveyor 7 drives the seedling forming trough 71 through the bottom material compaction device 2 and the seedling forming mechanism 3 in sequence. The bottom material compaction device 2 compacts the bottom material in the seedling forming trough 71, and then the seedling forming mechanism 3 further compresses the roots of the non-standard seedlings into seedling pots of uniform specifications, thereby realizing the automated forming of non-standard seedlings into standard seedling pots of uniform specifications.

[0038] In this embodiment, the bottom material compaction device 2 includes a first material feeding mechanism 21, a first receiving box 22, a first material feeding plate 210, a bottom material compaction mold 29, a bottom material compaction mold telescopic component 27, and a first material feeding plate telescopic component 211. Both the bottom material compaction mold telescopic component 27 and the first material feeding plate telescopic component 211 are electric push rods. The output port of the first material feeding mechanism 21 is connected to the upper input end of the first receiving box 22. The first receiving box 22 is a hopper structure with openings at the top and bottom. The lower input end of the first receiving box 22 is in sealed sliding contact with the first material feeding plate 210. The first material feeding plate 210 is provided with multiple first... The first discharge hole 217 is driven by the telescopic component 211 of the first discharge plate 210 to reciprocate between the lower output end of the first receiving box 22 and the top of the bottom groove 71 of the seedling forming pot. When the first discharge hole 217 of the first discharge plate 210 moves to the bottom of the first receiving box 22, the nutrient soil falls into the first discharge hole 217. When the first discharge hole 217 of the first discharge plate 210 moves horizontally outward, the first receiving box 22 scrapes off the nutrient soil above the first discharge hole 217, thereby achieving accurate input of nutrient soil in all the first discharge holes 217. Compared with the existing discharge device, the discharge input accuracy is higher. The first discharge hole 217 enters above the bottom groove 71 for forming seedlings in pots. The bottom material compaction mold telescopic component 27 drives the bottom material compaction mold 29 through the first discharge hole 217 to compact the material into the bottom groove 71. The bottom material compaction mold 29 is mounted on the first connecting plate 214, and the bottom material compaction mold telescopic component 27 is mounted on the bottom material compaction mold telescopic component mounting plate 216. The bottom material compaction mold telescopic component mounting plate 216 is fixedly installed. The telescopic end of the bottom material compaction mold telescopic component 27 is mounted on the first connecting plate 214 through the first connecting block 215. In order to ensure the vertical movement accuracy, the first connecting plate 214 also cooperates with the first guide rail slider assembly 28. The bottom material compaction mold 29 and the first discharge hole 217 are basically in close contact. This setting can completely avoid the problem of nutrient soil sticking during the process of conveying nutrient soil into the bottom groove 71 for forming seedlings in pots. At the same time, it can also ensure the output accuracy into the bottom groove 71 for forming seedlings in pots, avoiding the problem of low conveying accuracy of conventional conveyor belts. In this embodiment, the bottom material compaction device 2 includes a first push plate 212 and a first push plate telescopic member 213. The first push plate 212 is slidably sealed to the lower end of the first drop plate 210. The first push plate telescopic member 213 drives the first push plate 212 to open and close the bottom of the first drop hole 217. Before the first drop hole 217 enters the top of the potted seedling forming bottom groove 71, the first push plate 212 closes the bottom of the first drop hole 217. After reaching the top of the potted seedling forming bottom groove 71, the first push plate 212 opens the bottom of the first drop hole 217, and the nutrient soil falls into the potted seedling forming bottom groove 71 below. Then, the bottom material compaction mold 29 is driven by the bottom material compaction mold telescopic member 27 to compact the soil.The seedling forming and conveying device 7 includes a circulating drive component 72 and multiple seedling forming lower molds 73 with seedling forming bottom grooves 71. The circulating drive component 72 is a motor-driven conveying chain component. The seedling forming lower molds 73 located below the first material drop plate 210 are provided with first anti-leakage plates 218 on both sides. The first anti-leakage plates 218 rub and slide with the seedling forming lower molds 73. The bottom of the bottom material compaction mold 29 is provided with a V-shaped tip to form a seedling groove, which facilitates the positioning of the roots of non-standard seedlings in the seedling groove and avoids the non-standard seedling roots from deviating and failing to form a central layout wrapped by nutrient soil. (A non-standard seedling feeding device is provided between the bottom material compaction device 2 and the seedling forming mechanism 3 to feed the non-standard seedlings into the seedling groove, so that the seedling forming mechanism 3 can press them into seedling pots of uniform specifications.)

[0039] In this embodiment, the pot-forming mechanism 3 includes a second unloading mechanism 31, a second receiving box 32, a second unloading plate 38, an upper mold 311 for forming pot-shaped seedlings, a telescopic component 35 for the upper mold 311, and a telescopic component 37 for the second unloading plate. The telescopic component 35 for the upper mold 311 and the telescopic component 37 for the second unloading plate are electric actuators. The output port of the second unloading mechanism 31 is connected to the upper input end of the second receiving box 32, and the lower input end of the second receiving box 32 is tightly connected to the second unloading plate 38. The second material dropping plate 38 is equipped with multiple second material dropping holes 323 corresponding to the bottom groove 71 of the seedling forming pot. The telescopic component 37 of the second material dropping plate drives the second material dropping holes 323 of the second material dropping plate 38 to reciprocate between the lower output end of the second receiving box 32 and the top of the bottom groove 71 of the seedling forming pot. The telescopic component 35 of the upper mold of the seedling forming pot drives the upper mold of the seedling forming pot 311 to pass through the second material dropping holes 323 to press the material and bare seedlings into seedling pots of uniform specifications in the bottom groove 71 of the seedling forming pot. The upper mold of the seedling forming pot 311 and the second material dropping holes 323 are basically in close fit. Multiple upper molds of the seedling forming pot 311 are installed on the second connecting plate 327. The second connecting plate 327 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component 38 of the upper mold of the seedling forming pot. The telescopic component 38 of the upper mold of the seedling forming pot is installed on the fixedly installed mounting plate 328 of the telescopic component of the upper mold of the seedling forming pot. In order to ensure the vertical movement accuracy, the second connecting plate 327 cooperates with the second guide rail slider assembly 36. This setup completely avoids the problem of nutrient soil sticking during the process of conveying nutrient soil into the seedling forming trough 71, while also ensuring the conveying accuracy into the seedling forming trough 71, avoiding the problem of low conveying accuracy of conventional conveyor belts. The material feeding process of the second feeding mechanism 31, the second receiving box 32, and the second feeding plate 38 is basically similar to that of the bottom material compaction device 2. The difference is that the bottom of the upper mold 311 for forming the seedling is a semi-cylindrical groove, thus forming a cylindrical structure with the seedling forming trough 71. This completes the operations of feeding and pressing the seedling into the trough, feeding the seedling (non-standard seedling roots are placed into the seedling trough), covering the non-standard seedling roots in the seedling trough with nutrient soil, and pressing the nutrient soil and non-standard seedling roots together.

[0040] In this embodiment, similarly to the working principle of the first lower push plate 212 and the first lower push plate telescopic member 213, the pot body forming mechanism 3 includes a second lower push plate 310 and a second lower push plate telescopic member 39. The second lower push plate 310 is in sealed sliding contact with the lower end of the second discharge plate 38. The second lower push plate telescopic member 39 drives the second lower push plate 310 to open and close the bottom of the second discharge hole 323, thereby realizing the precise input of nutrient soil in all the second discharge holes 323. Compared with the existing discharge device, the discharge input accuracy is higher.

[0041] In this embodiment, a second leak-proof plate 324 is provided on one side of the lower mold 73 for forming seedlings in pots located below the second dropping plate 38. The second leak-proof plate 324 is provided with a second leak-proof plate hole 325 that can be sealed and fitted with the seedling pusher 51. On the other side of the lower mold 73 for forming seedlings in pots located below the second dropping plate 38, an upper leak-proof plate 315, a lower leak-proof plate 316, and a leak-proof plate driving assembly for driving the upper leak-proof plate 315 and the lower leak-proof plate 316 to move relative to each other are provided. The upper leak-proof plate 315 and the lower leak-proof plate 316 are provided with avoidance grooves 326 for avoiding bare seedlings. During the molding process, one side of the bottom groove 71 for forming the seedling in the pot is blocked by the seedling pusher 51. At this time, the upper anti-leakage plate 315 and the lower anti-leakage plate 316 are driven to move relative to each other from the other side by the anti-leakage plate drive assembly, thereby blocking the other side of the bottom groove 71 for forming the seedling in the pot. The stem of the non-standard seedling is exposed through the avoidance groove 326, thereby preventing the nutrient soil from escaping from the other side when the upper mold 311 for forming the seedling in the pot moves downward.

[0042] In this embodiment, in order to achieve synchronous movement of the upper leak-proof plate 315 and the lower leak-proof plate 316, the leak-proof plate driving assembly includes a leak-proof plate driving motor 313, a timing belt assembly 312, and a lead screw assembly 314. The lead screw assembly 314 is installed on both sides of the upper leak-proof plate 315 and the lower leak-proof plate 316. The two ends of the upper leak-proof plate 315 and the lower leak-proof plate 316 are fixedly connected to the nuts of the lead screw assembly 314. The lead screw of the lead screw assembly 314 is driven by the leak-proof plate driving motor 313. The lead screws of the two lead screw assemblies 314 rotate synchronously through the timing belt assembly 312 to drive the upper leak-proof plate 315 and the lower leak-proof plate 316 to move synchronously relative to each other.

[0043] In this embodiment, the structures of the first material feeding mechanism 21 and the second material feeding mechanism 31 are basically similar, both including a material box 25, a conveyor belt 26, and a conveyor belt drive motor 23. The material box 25 is used to put a large amount of nutrient soil at one time. A stirring impeller is provided inside the material box 25 to prevent the nutrient soil from clumping or arching. The conveyor belt 26 is installed at the bottom outlet of the material box 25. The conveyor belt drive motor 23 drives the conveyor belt 26 to transport the nutrient soil to the second receiving box 32 or the first receiving box 22.

[0044] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the output of the formed potted seedlings, a potted seedling output device 4 is provided on one side of the potted seedling forming and conveying device 7. The potted seedling output device 4 includes a potted seedling conveying chain assembly. L-plates 42 are provided on the links of the conveying chain 41 of the potted seedling conveying chain assembly. Adjacent L-plates 42 form potted seedling receiving grooves, and adjacent L-plates 42 are relatively independent.

[0045] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0046] Before operation, the control system 6 is powered on, and nutrient soil is added to the material bins 25 of the bottom material compaction device 2 and the potting plant forming mechanism 3. During operation, the control program drives the circulating drive component 72 to drive the lower mold 73 of the potting plant forming mechanism to move intermittently. When a set of potting plant forming bottom grooves 71 moves to directly below the bottom material compaction device 2, the circulating drive component 72 stops moving, and the conveyor belt drive motor 23 of the bottom material compaction device 2 drives the sprocket and chain assembly 24 to move, thereby driving the conveyor belt 26 to move so that the nutrient soil in the material bin 25 falls into the first receiving box 22. The mass of nutrient soil conveyed by the conveyor belt 26 in the first step is greater than the mass of nutrient soil that can be filled by all the material holes in the first dropping plate 210. Subsequently, the first dropping plate 210 is pushed out from directly below the first receiving box 22 under the action of the first dropping plate extension component 211. During the pushing process, the nutrient soil in the first receiving box 22 falls into each of the first dropping holes 217 of the first dropping plate 210 under the action of gravity. The telescopic component 213 of the lower push plate pushes the first lower push plate 212 forward, causing the nutrient soil in the first drop hole 217 to fall precisely into the bottom groove 71 of the potted seedling. Subsequently, the bottom material compaction mold 29, under the action of the telescopic component 27 of the bottom material compaction mold, moves downward through the first drop hole 217 into the bottom groove 71 of the potted seedling, which serves to clean the residual nutrient soil in the groove and compact the nutrient soil in the bottom groove 71 of the potted seedling (compacting the nutrient soil in the lower base is beneficial to the accuracy of the next step of placing the seedling). After the first compaction is completed, the telescopic component 27 of the bottom material compaction mold drives the bottom material compaction mold 29 to return to the initial position (highest point). Then, the first drop plate 210 and the first lower push plate 212 move backward to return to their original positions.

[0047] After the control system 6 controls the cycle drive component 72 to continue moving, it stops. At this time, a certain number of bare seedling roots are placed on the compacted nutrient soil in the bottom groove 71 of the pot seedling forming mechanism, while the seedling stems and leaves are placed in the conveying groove formed by the protective plate L 42. The movement continues forward until it is directly below the pot forming mechanism 3, after which it stops.

[0048] When the potting forming mechanism 3 starts working, the upper anti-leakage plate 315 and the lower anti-leakage plate 316 are in the open state. The working principle of the second material feeding mechanism 31, the second material receiving box 32, the second material feeding plate 38, the upper mold for potting seedling forming 311, the telescopic component 35 of the upper mold for potting seedling forming, and the telescopic component 37 of the second material feeding plate are the same as the working principle of the bottom material compaction device 2. When a set of potting seedling forming bottom grooves 71 moves to the bottom of the potting forming mechanism 3, the upper anti-leakage plate 315 and the lower anti-leakage plate 316 move in a relatively closed motion. There is an avoidance groove 326 between the upper anti-leakage plate 315 and the lower anti-leakage plate 316 to prevent the seedling roots from being pinched when they close. After the upper anti-leakage plate 315 and the lower anti-leakage plate 316, and the upper mold for potting forming 311 descend to the lowest point in the lower potting seedling forming bottom groove 71 to perform secondary compression of the nutrient soil, the potting soil is then completely compressed. At this time, the upper anti-leakage plate 315 and the lower anti-leakage plate 316 open relative to each other and return to the initial position. Then, the push-out telescopic component 52 drives the seedling pusher 51 to move forward and push a set of formed pots out from between the upper pot forming mold 311 and the bottom pot forming groove 71, forming a pot seedling with a fixed shape. Then, the upper pot forming mold 311 moves upward to reset.

[0049] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pot-making machine for seedlings, characterized in that, The device includes a frame (1) and a seedling forming device and a seedling ejection device (5) installed on the frame (1). The seedling forming device includes a seedling forming conveying device (7) with a seedling forming bottom groove (71), a bottom material compaction device (2) for compacting the nutrient soil at the bottom of the seedling forming bottom groove (71), and a seedling forming mechanism (3) for pressing the seedlings into uniform-sized seedling pots in the seedling forming bottom groove (71). The seedling ejection device (5) includes a seedling pusher (51) and an ejection telescopic component (52) for driving the seedling pusher (51) to eject the uniform-sized seedling pots out of the seedling forming bottom groove (71). The pot-forming mechanism (3) includes a second unloading mechanism (31), a second receiving box (32), a second unloading plate (38), an upper mold for pot-forming seedlings (311), a telescopic component (35) for the upper mold for pot-forming seedlings, and a telescopic component (37) for the second unloading plate. The output port of the second unloading mechanism (31) is connected to the upper input end of the second receiving box (32), and the lower input end of the second receiving box (32) is in sealed sliding contact with the second unloading plate (38). The second unloading plate (38) is provided with a component that is compatible with the above-mentioned components. The bottom groove (71) of the potted seedling forming has multiple second dropping holes (323). The second dropping plate telescopic component (37) drives the second dropping hole (323) of the second dropping plate (38) to reciprocate between the output lower end of the second receiving box (32) and the top of the bottom groove (71) of the potted seedling forming. The upper mold telescopic component (35) of the potted seedling forming has driven the upper mold (311) of the potted seedling forming through the second dropping hole (323) to press the dropping material and bare seedlings into a uniform size pot in the bottom groove (71) of the potted seedling forming. A second leak-proof plate (324) is provided on one side of the lower mold (73) for forming the potted seedlings located below the second dropping plate (38). The second leak-proof plate (324) is provided with a second leak-proof plate hole (325) that can be sealed and cooperated with the seedling pusher (51). On the other side of the lower mold (73) for forming the potted seedlings located below the second dropping plate (38), an upper leak-proof plate (315), a lower leak-proof plate (316) and a leak-proof plate driving assembly for driving the upper leak-proof plate (315) and the lower leak-proof plate (316) to move relative to each other are provided. The upper leak-proof plate (315) and the lower leak-proof plate (316) are provided with a relief groove (326) for avoiding the bare seedling stem. The leak-proof plate drive assembly includes a leak-proof plate drive motor (313), a timing belt assembly (312), and a lead screw assembly (314). The lead screw assembly (314) is installed on both sides of the upper leak-proof plate (315) and the lower leak-proof plate (316). The two ends of the upper leak-proof plate (315) and the lower leak-proof plate (316) are fixedly connected to the nuts of the lead screw assembly (314). The lead screw of the lead screw assembly (314) is driven by the leak-proof plate drive motor (313). The lead screws of the lead screw assemblies (314) on both sides rotate synchronously through the timing belt assembly (312) to drive the upper leak-proof plate (315) and the lower leak-proof plate (316) to move synchronously relative to each other.

2. The pot-making machine for seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom material compaction device (2) includes a first material dropping mechanism (21), a first receiving box (22), a first material dropping plate (210), a bottom material compaction mold (29), a bottom material compaction mold telescopic component (27), and a first material dropping plate telescopic component (211). The output port of the first material dropping mechanism (21) is connected to the upper input end of the first receiving box (22), and the lower input end of the first receiving box (22) is in sealed sliding contact with the first material dropping plate (210). The first material dropping plate (210) is provided with A plurality of first discharge holes (217) corresponding to the bottom groove (71) for forming seedlings in pots are provided. The first discharge plate telescopic component (211) drives the first discharge hole (217) of the first discharge plate (210) to reciprocate between the lower output end of the first receiving box (22) and the top of the bottom groove (71) for forming seedlings in pots. The bottom material compaction mold telescopic component (27) drives the bottom material compaction mold (29) to pass through the first discharge hole (217) to compact the nutrient soil into the bottom groove (71) for forming seedlings in pots.

3. The pot-making machine for seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom material compaction device (2) includes a first push plate (212) and a first push plate telescopic component (213). The first push plate (212) is in sealed sliding contact with the lower end of the first discharge plate (210). The first push plate telescopic component (213) drives the first push plate (212) to open and close the bottom of the first discharge hole (217).

4. The pot-making machine for seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The potted seedling forming conveying device (7) includes a circulating drive assembly (72) and a plurality of potted seedling forming lower molds (73) with the potted seedling forming bottom groove (71). The potted seedling forming lower molds (73) located below the first material drop plate (210) are provided with first leak-proof plates (218) on both sides. The bottom of the bottom material compaction mold (29) is provided with a V-shaped tip forming the seedling groove.

5. The pot-making machine for seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bowl forming mechanism (3) includes a second push plate (310) and a second push plate telescopic component (39). The second push plate (310) is in sealed sliding contact with the lower end of the second discharge plate (38). The second push plate telescopic component (39) drives the second push plate (310) to open and close the bottom of the second discharge hole (323).

6. The pot-making machine for seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first material feeding mechanism (21) and the second material feeding mechanism (31) both include a material box (25), a conveyor belt (26), and a conveyor belt drive motor (23). The material box (25) is equipped with a stirring impeller. The conveyor belt (26) is installed at the bottom outlet of the material box (25). The conveyor belt drive motor (23) drives the conveyor belt (26) to convey nutrient soil to the second receiving box (32) or the first receiving box (22).

7. The pot-making machine for seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that, A seedling output device (4) is provided on one side of the seedling forming and conveying device (7). The seedling output device (4) includes a seedling conveying chain assembly. An L-plate (42) is provided on the link of the conveying chain (41) of the seedling conveying chain assembly. Adjacent L-plates (42) form a seedling receiving trough.

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